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| zari embroidery technique: Global Trade and Cultural Authentication Joanne B. Eicher, 2022-08 Global Trade and Cultural Authentication, edited by Joanne Eicher, showcases the complexity and enduring aesthetic and ingenuity of Kalabari artisans. The Kalabari people, most of whom make their homes in the eastern Niger Delta region of western Africa, are renowned for the artistry in working with globally imported textiles and dress for centuries. The 22 essays in this edited volume feature the work of leading Nigerian and American scholars and offer an in-depth, nuanced understanding of Kalabari textiles, aesthetics, and engagement with past and present global trade networks. Using dress and textiles as a lens, Global Trade and Cultural Authentication explores the Kalabari people's centuries-long role in the global trade arena. Their economic interconnectedness demonstrates that Africa was never a dark continent but, rather, critically involved in a global trade built around Kalabari resourcefulness and imagination. |
| zari embroidery technique: Stitching Threads of Wonder: Embroidered Tapestries of Our World Pasquale De Marco, 2025-05-16 Embark on a captivating journey into the world of embroidered tapestries, where threads transform into tales and stitches speak of cultural heritage. Stitching Threads of Wonder is a celebration of the artistry, diversity, and symbolism of embroidery from around the globe. Within these pages, you'll discover the exquisite embroidery traditions of Asia, where intricate designs and vibrant colors tell stories of ancient legends and spiritual beliefs. Marvel at the intricate beadwork and embroidery of Native American tribes, where every pattern holds a sacred meaning and every stitch carries a prayer. The vibrant threads of African embroidery will captivate you with their bold expressions of identity and cultural pride. Venture into the vibrant world of Latin American embroidery, where colorful threads dance to the rhythm of salsa and mariachi music. The intricate designs of Middle Eastern embroidery will transport you to a realm of exotic beauty and symbolism, while the vibrant colors of Australian Aboriginal embroidery will introduce you to the Dreamtime stories woven into each stitch. From the elegant needlework of French chateaux to the intricate designs of Scandinavian folk art, European embroidery showcases the diversity and artistry of a continent steeped in history and tradition. Discover the enduring power of embroidery to connect people across time and space, as embroidered tapestries serve as windows into the souls of those who created them. Stitching Threads of Wonder is an invitation to appreciate the beauty and artistry of human expression through the lens of embroidery. With stunning visuals and captivating storytelling, this book is a must-have for anyone interested in textile arts, cultural heritage, and the enduring power of creativity. If you like this book, write a review on google books! |
| zari embroidery technique: Mastering Embroidery Barrett Williams, ChatGPT, 2024-11-21 Unlock the vibrant world of modern embroidery with *Mastering Embroidery,* a comprehensive eBook designed for enthusiasts eager to dive into this timeless craft. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned stitcher, this book is your gateway to elevating your needlework skills and creativity. Start your journey by exploring the evolution of embroidery styles and modern trends, discovering how to find and develop your unique artistic flair. Learn about the essential materials and tools that will equip you to craft stunning designs, and get to grips with both basic and complex stitches that form the backbone of exquisite needlework. Venture into the world of floral embroidery, where selecting the perfect color palettes and crafting intricate blooms becomes second nature. Transform your living space with bespoke décor items such as embellished tablecloths, decorative pillows, and wall hangings. Take your fashion to new heights by personalizing garments with embroidered accents and creating custom accessories. Push the boundaries of creativity with abstract embroidery, exploring bold patterns, rich textures, and vibrant color combinations. Gain insight from inspirational embroidery artists and delve into their creative processes, learning to channel that inspiration into your designs. The eBook also offers practical guidance on creating your own embroidery patterns using both traditional sketching and modern software tools. With detailed sections on project planning, time management, and preserving your beloved works, this guide ensures that your embroidery projects remain organized and cherished for years to come. Finally, discover how to share your artistry with the world by establishing an online presence and engaging with communities that share your passion. Embrace embroidery not only as a craft but as a meditative practice, finding joy and mindfulness in every stitch. *Mastering Embroidery* invites you to connect with a rich tradition while expressing your creativity in new and exciting ways. |
| zari embroidery technique: Jewelled Textiles Vandana Bhandari, 2015 Textiles embellished with gold and silver have been desired and cherished worldwide since Antiquity. In the Indian subcontinent, too, the use of metal to enhance the value and beauty of cloth is part of an ancient tradition. Jewelled Textiles: Gold And Silver Embellished Cloth of India presents a rich selection of textiles and dresses ornamented with precious metals—gold and silver. These luxurious and often opulent textiles have always been associated with wealth, beauty, supremacy, ceremony and divinity in the subcontinent. Gold and silver embroidery in India is remarkable for the manifold styles in which the threads are manipulated to produce results on cloth surfaces, enhancing and ornamenting the character of the textile. The raw materials, techniques of surface application, and the final effects thus created are unique to different regions in the country where the embroidery techniques and printing with precious metals are classified by the local terminology. Techniques by which metals are applied to textile surface like Kamdani or Badla in Lucknow, Tilla in Jammu and Kashmir and parts of Western India, Danka and Gota Patti in Rajasthan, Zardozi and Vasli in Bhopal, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Delhi and other centres in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat, Mukke Ka Kaam in Rajasthan and Gujarat and Varak from different parts of the country are described in detail in the book. These techniques are illustrated with examples of skillfully executed pieces from museums and private collections. A veritable collector’s pride. |
| zari embroidery technique: Design and Tradition in an India-West Africa Trade Textile Hazel Ann Lutz, 2003 |
| zari embroidery technique: Traditional Indian Textiles Dr. Sukhvir Singh, 2023-05-29 Traditional Indian textiles are an embodiment of artistic expression, cultural heritage, and centuries-old craftsmanship. They serve as a tapestry of colors, patterns, and techniques that reflect the rich diversity and intricate tapestry of India's cultural landscape. Each textile tells a story, weaving together the threads of history, tradition, and creativity that have shaped the vibrant tapestry of Indian textile traditions. This preface aims to delve into the captivating world of traditional Indian textiles, exploring their significance, beauty, and enduring legacy. It invites readers to embark on a journey through time, unraveling the captivating tales spun by skilled artisans and weavers across the length and breadth of India. India's textile heritage is a treasure trove of techniques and designs that have been nurtured for generations. From the delicate handwoven silk sarees of Varanasi to the intricate block prints of Rajasthan, from the vibrant tie-dye textiles of Gujarat to the ornate embroidery of Lucknow, each region boasts its own distinct textile tradition. These traditions not only bear witness to the artistic prowess of the artisans but also serve as a testament to the deep-rooted connection between textiles and Indian culture. Throughout history, Indian textiles have not only adorned the bodies of its people but have also played a pivotal role in religious rituals, social ceremonies, and daily life. The harmonious blend of colors, the meticulous craftsmanship, and the profound symbolism embedded in the textiles are a testament to the profound reverence for aesthetics and the interplay between tradition and innovation. In recent times, there has been a renewed appreciation for traditional Indian textiles, both within India and on the global stage. Designers, artists, and connoisseurs of textile arts are rediscovering the beauty and cultural significance of these textiles, incorporating them into contemporary fashion, interior design, and artistic creations. This revival not only brings these art forms into the limelight but also ensures the preservation of traditional skills and empowers the communities involved in their creation. Yet, as we celebrate the beauty and legacy of traditional Indian textiles, it is essential to acknowledge the challenges they face in a rapidly changing world. Globalization, modernization, and the relentless pursuit of mass production pose significant threats to the sustainability and preservation of these precious traditions. It is our collective responsibility to protect and promote these invaluable art forms, ensuring that future generations can continue to appreciate the legacy of traditional Indian textiles. This preface sets the stage for an immersive exploration of the world of traditional Indian textiles, delving into their historical significance, cultural context, craftsmanship, and the efforts being made to preserve and promote them. Through this journey, we hope to foster a deep appreciation for the intricacies and beauty of these textiles, inspiring a renewed commitment to their preservation and promotion. Join us on this captivating voyage through the realms of traditional Indian textiles, where heritage meets artistry, and the threads of the past intertwine with the present to create an enduring legacy of beauty, culture, and tradition. |
| zari embroidery technique: Promoting Multi-Sector Sustainability With Policy and Innovation Ara, Aftab, Thakore, Renuka, 2024-05-20 The contemporary challenges in achieving sustainability include the need for a comprehensive understanding of sustainability principles, interdisciplinary integration, and the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical implementation. Promoting Multi-Sector Sustainability With Policy and Innovation explores the intricate web of challenges and opportunities that define sustainability in our dynamically changing world. Drawing on diverse disciplines, including environmental science, economics, and social sciences, this comprehensive work seeks to pave the way for a sustainable future informed by theoretical foundations and practical insights. The book begins by establishing a robust foundation in the principles and evolution of sustainability, capturing its economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Moving beyond theoretical underpinnings, the book examines the interconnections between sustainability and critical sectors, including the economy, environment, and society. With a nuanced examination of topics such as climate change, biodiversity, and natural resource management, it unpacks the relationship between sustainability and the environment. This reference book explores sustainability's ties to economic growth, featuring concepts like the green economy, circular economy, and sustainable development. |
| zari embroidery technique: Stitched Voices Barrett Williams, ChatGPT, 2025-05-19 Unveil the captivating world of needlework with Stitched Voices, a richly woven exploration of embroidery traditions from around the globe. This eBook takes you on an extraordinary journey through the universal language of stitch, unearthing the cultural significance and historical threads that bind us all. Embark on an adventure through centuries of motifs, each symbol unraveling regional meanings and tracing their evolution over time. Dive into the vibrant tapestry of materials and techniques, discovering the diverse threads and textiles that form the foundation of needlework traditions worldwide. From the embroidered attire of grand celebrations to the spiritual and ritualistic patterns that hold deep meaning, Stitched Voices reveals the integral role of embroidery in rituals and ceremonies across cultures. Venture into the heart of regional embroidery art â from the delicate beauty of European techniques to the precision of Asian artistry. Each chapter provides a glimpse into the heritage and innovative fusion that characterizes these traditional crafts. Witness the vibrancy of African colors and patterns, the interwoven heritage of indigenous tribes in the Americas, and the intricate aesthetic of Middle Eastern embroidery. As traditions meet modernity, explore the contemporary fusion of embroidery techniques that has inspired new interpretations and innovations in fashion. Stitched Voices also delves into the art form as a vehicle for social commentary, highlighting its activism, feminist movements, and personal storytelling. The final chapters offer a global perspective on the craft's future, considering technological impacts, sustainable practices, and the important task of preserving these time-honored traditions. Whether you're a seasoned needleworker or a curious enthusiast, Stitched Voices is your gateway to understanding the enduring legacy and future pathways of this art form, inviting you to join a community united through threads of connection. |
| zari embroidery technique: Rajasthan Vivien Crump, Irene Toh, 1996 Visit the land of princes with its great desert forts and palaces bearing traces of India's royal heritage. See the pink sandstone city of Jaipur and the water palaces at Udaipur. 1,000 full-color illustrations. |
| zari embroidery technique: Guide for NIFT/NID/IIFT 2021 Arihant Experts, 2020-04-26 One certain thing in the fashion world is change. Fashion is a language which tells a story about the person who wears it. Katherine Hamnett, a Top British Fashion designer describes fashion as “Clothes create a wordless means of communication that we all understand”. Some of the top Institution like NIFT, NID and IIFT conduct their respective entrance exams to provide lucrative and flourishing careers in fashion designing. The Ultimate Guide for NIFT/ NID/ IIFT leads you to the path of fashion and its design, comprehensively covering all the syllabus of almost all the universities and Institutions which are offering the bachelors and masters courses in Fashion Designing. The book carries complete study material that covers both Undergraduate and Postgraduate entrance examinations. It has been divided into Seven Sections which are further divided into chapter as per the syllabi and exam pattern. The explanation of each section has well elaborated leave no stones untouched in a lucid manner. After each section 2 Sections Tests provided for the quick revision of the concepts, ample number of MCQs have been provided and for the complete practice 3 Practice Sets have been provided at the end of the book, Detailed Solved Paper 2020 have been provided to give hint to the level and types of questions they come in the exams. |
| zari embroidery technique: Clothing as Devotion in Contemporary Hinduism Urmila Mohan, 2019-09-02 In Clothing as Devotion in Contemporary Hinduism, Urmila Mohan explores the materiality and visuality of cloth and clothing as devotional media in contemporary Hinduism. Drawing upon ethnographic research into the global missionizing group “International Society for Krishna Consciousness” (ISKCON), she studies translocal spaces of worship, service, education, and daily life in the group’s headquarters in Mayapur and other parts of India. Focusing on the actions and values of deity dressmaking, devotee clothing and paraphernalia, Mohan shows how activities, such as embroidery and chanting, can be understood as techniques of spirituality, reverence, allegiance—and she proposes the new term “efficacious intimacy” to help understand these complex processes. The monograph brings theoretical advances in Anglo-European material culture and material religion studies into a conversation with South Asian anthropology, sociology, art history, and religion. Ultimately, it demonstrates how embodied interactions as well as representations shape ISKCON’s practitioners as devout subjects, while connecting them with the divine and the wider community. |
| zari embroidery technique: (Free Simple) Indian Art & Culture Simplified by Avadh Ojha for UPSC & State PSC Civil Services Exams 2nd Edition | 4 color Book Powered with Infographics, Mindmaps, Pictures & Tables Avadh Ojha, The 2nd edition of Indian Art & Culture , meant for Civil Services is a one-of-its-kind book to condense the entire Civil Services syllabus into just 200 pages for Prelim and Main Exam. It is a unique 4-colour book approach to cover essential topics for the UPSC & State PSCs Civil Services Exams. Salient Features: 1. This new edition is now powered with all latest PYQ Questions of Prlims & Mains. 2. The Book comprehends the vast syllabus like Indian Architecture, Sculpture and Pottery, Indian Painting, Indian Music, Indian Dance, UNESCO’s Heritage Sites in India, and Schools of Philosophy, etc. into infographics, tables, charts, maps along with numerous pictures for a better visual representation and learning. 2. Divided into 16 chapters, the book is accumulation of minuscule details of India’s vast geographical spread of Arts and Culture. 3. Blend of factual and analytical content to ensure a comprehensive understanding. 4. Use of infographics, tables, charts, and maps, aiding candidates in better comprehension and retention of topics. 5. Clear linkage of topics for comparative study, offering insights into their differences. 6. The book includes previous years' questions and practice questions for both preliminary and main exams at the end of each chapter, facilitating extensive preparation. 7. Based on theme-based systematic arrangement with a concise, crisp, and comprehensive subject matter, providing valuable informations - Na Kam Na Jyada, Ye Hai Hamara Vaada. |
| zari embroidery technique: Guide for NIFT/NID/IIFT 2022 Aarif, Kalpana Sharma, 2021-06-18 1. This book is the ultimate guide for the fashion entrances 2. The guide is divided into 7 main sections 3. Complete theory has been synced with the syllabus 4. For section practice 2 Sections Tests are given in each 5. MCQs, Crack Sets and Previous Solved Papers for complete practice 6. Detailed Solutions of Solved paper 2021 & Crack Sets also have been provided. The best thing about fashion is that it ‘changes’. Miuccia Prada once said, “What you wear is how you represent yourself to the world. Fashion is instant language.” the top institutions like; NID, NIFT and IIFT conduct their own entrance exam to provide good and flourishing careers in the field of fashion. Get yourself prepared with “The Ultimate Guide for NIFT, NID, IIFT Entrance Examination 2022” that leads on the path of fashion and covering almost every institution entrance test syllabus. It carries complete study material that covers for both graduate and postgraduate entrance. Entire syllabus of the book has been categorized in 7 majors and sub categorized into chapters for complete learning. For good grasping of concepts, each chapter has been well explained & elaborated in a student friendly manner. At the end of every section 2 Section Tests are given for quick revision of subjects and ample number of MCQs are provided for complete practice. Last but not the least, well detailed Solved Paper of 2021& 3 Crack Sets are given to analyze the paper pattern. TOC NIFT Solved Paper (2021 – 2015), Numerical Ability, English Language and Comprehension, Reasoning and Logical Deduction, General Awareness, Case Studies and Caselets, Creative Ability, Group Discussion & Personal Interview, Crack Sets (1-3), Answer to Sections Test and Crack Sets (1-3) |
| zari embroidery technique: Enterprise and Society Vinayshil Gautam, 1979 |
| zari embroidery technique: RBS Visitors Guide India - Rajasthan Data & Expo India Pvt. Ltd., Ashutosh Goyal, 2015-10-19 RBS Visitors Guide India Rajasthan offers Interesting insight about Rajasthan & people, culture, cuisine, music, songs, dances, religious sites, beaches, hill resorts, and wildlife sanctuaries..... More than 200 images and Tourist GuideMaps Details of popular and lesser known tourist destinations, accessibility and connectivity Exhaustive hotel listings, dinning out, shopping, travel services and local directory with important phone numbers Rajasthan - The Rajputana of yore, set amidst the great Thar has a history rich in chivalry and valour. Rajasthan is regarded as the most colourful region in India boosting of spell binding architectural and heritage sites like Jaisalmer, Chittor, Bundi, and Bikaner; exotic natural parks like Ranthambhore, Keoladeo, and Sariska; centuries old pilgrimage centres of Ajmer, Pushkar and Ranakpur; unspoiled village life, and safaris. The spiritual myths, beliefs, folklores and rituals are promoted and kept alive over years in form of its fascinating fairs and festivals like Teej and Gangaur and the cattle fairs of Pushkar and Nagaur. The spiritual and historical landscape of Rajasthan tells of rich traditions. The grandeur and charm of its royal past is reflected in the cities of Jaipur, Udaipur, and Jodhpur. One will find a unique combination of the urban and the ruralites, the modern and the ancient. The colours of its local bazaars teeming with traditional art and craft are just fascinating. So rich is the architectural and cultural heritage of Rajasthan that even a remote corner has a tale to tell. Two famous luxury tourist trains-Palaces on Wheels and Royal Rajasthan on Wheels connect some of the most popular destinations of Rajasthan with Delhi, Agra, Varanasi, and Khajuraho. The social infrastructure now includes the best in educational institutes, modern and affordable housing and medical facilities. |
| zari embroidery technique: The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture: Mosul to Zirid Jonathan M. Bloom, Sheila Blair, 2009 Deals with all aspects of Islamic art and architecture ranging from the Middle East to Africa to Central, South, and East Asia and includes entries on artists, rulers, writers, ceramics, sculpture, metalwork, painting, calligraphy, textiles, and more--Provided by publisher. |
| zari embroidery technique: Aisle Be There For You Shazia Ahmed, 2024-09-20 Planning a wedding can be overwhelming, but it doesn't have to be, 'Aisle Be There for You' is your step-by-step guide to creating the wedding of your dreams without the stress. This book packed with expert tips, personalized advice, and practical tools to help you plan with ease. Designed for the modern bride, 'Aisle Be There for You' simplifies wedding planning, turning what can be a stressful process into a joyous journey. |
| zari embroidery technique: Traditional Textiles and Embroidery of India Mr. Rohit Manglik, 2024-04-12 EduGorilla Publication is a trusted name in the education sector, committed to empowering learners with high-quality study materials and resources. Specializing in competitive exams and academic support, EduGorilla provides comprehensive and well-structured content tailored to meet the needs of students across various streams and levels. |
| zari embroidery technique: Techniques Of Drafting And Pattern MakingGarments For Kids And Adolescents Padmavati B., 2009 |
| zari embroidery technique: CULTURE AND TRADITION OF WEST BENGAL Sahanawaz Hussain, 2024-09-27 The Book “CULTURE AND TRADITION OF WEST BENGAL” by Sahanawaz Hussain highlights the different culture of west Bengal. The state west Bengal has a diverse culture. Author Sahanawaz Hussain highlights all the culture of different district of west Bengal starting from North Bengal to South Bengal. West Bengal boasts a rich literary and cultural heritage with evidenced by authors like Rabindranath Tagore,folk music like baul,Gambhira as well as Najrul Geeti,Rabindra Sangeet. West Bengal is the home of a thriving cinema industry dubbed “Tollywood”.throughout the year many festivals are celebrated in bengal. |
| zari embroidery technique: Indian Art & Culture Book In English - Dr. Manish Rannjan (Ias) Dr. Manish Rannjan (IAS), 2023-08-19 Explore the rich heritage and tradition of Indian art and culture with this book by Dr. Manish Rannjan (IAS), offering insights into the diverse cultural tapestry of the nation. The presented book 'Indian Art & Culture' is extremely beneficial for the candidates preparing for the Preliminary and Mains Examination of Civil and State Services. The entire subject matter of the book is divided into 3 sections: Indian Art, Indian Culture and Indian Heritage. Each section has been discussed in detail in various chapters of the book. It is even more important for the aspirants because the book includes the diverse forms of Indian Art, Culture and Heritage, such as paintings and handicrafts, architecture, drama, dance, music, sculpture, architecture, inscriptions, festivals, heritage sites declared by UNESCO, language, literature, education, religion and philosophy etc. and their historical development since the time of their inception till now. This book is presented in a critical form with authentic facts and updated data keeping in view the latest developments in the field of art & culture. Four appendices have also been given at the end of the book in which examination related material pertaining to art and culture has been incorporated. |
| zari embroidery technique: TEXINCON. , 1993 |
| zari embroidery technique: UPSC Power Bank:400+ MCQs for UPSC and State PSCs and exams Art & Culture (For Latest Edition) Oswaal Editorial Board, 2024-10-12 100% Updated with the Latest Pattern of Questions asked in UPSC Prelims Extensive Practice with 1000+ MCQs based on UPSC & State PSCs latest pattern Flash Facts with Crisp revision notes with smart mind maps Concept Clarity with Detailed & Elaborated Solutions 100% Exam Readiness with Study Approach & Video Trend Analysis Provided by UPSC Experts |
| zari embroidery technique: Agile Hands and Creative Minds Donald Clay Johnson, 2000 This comprehensive work focuses on literature relating to the textile traditions of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Indexes by author, museum, geographic location, and subject allow immediate access to relevant sources. This comprehensive work focuses on literature relating to the textile traditions of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Indexes by author, museum, geographic location, and subject allow immediate access to relevant sources. |
| zari embroidery technique: Indian Essentials , 2010 Celebrating 60 years of the Indian Republic, we bring you Indian Essentials, a light-hearted, tongue-in-cheek ode to India. In this quirky collection, twenty writers and social commentators ponder the mysteries of the Indian psyche and try to make sense of one trait, phenomenon or cultural value that is quintessentially Indian. From the Indian male s penchant for public urination to the Indian female s obsession with gold, from the jhatkas of Bollywood to the melas of Allahabad, from our embarrassingly frank matrimonials to how seriously we take our copulation problems, nothing is spared scrutiny. And because we Indians like a little something extra over and above what we are promised, we are giving away a complimentary copy of Extra! a little book that tackles all those peculiar Indian qualities that we didn t want to leave out of the Indian Essentials. Dip into this collection and join us to find out what it means to be Made in India. |
| zari embroidery technique: Trillion Dollar Economy: Yogi Govt. | Uttar Pradesh On The Move The Plans, Policies, Goals And Achievements By The Government of The State | Dr. Sheelwant Singh, 2024-07-16 This book provides a roadmap of the role and importance of tourism, agriculture, industry, Gl tagged products, infrastructure, valuable human resources and sunrise sectors during the entire journey of the State’s Chief Minister Shree Yogi Adityanath so far and exhibits his most ambitious vision towards the State, making it a ‘Trillion Dollar Economy’ as well as the ‘Growth Engine of the Country’. This book prominently discusses the current scenario of the economy of Uttar Pradesh, the state with the largest human resources in the country, and with immense potential for an agriculture based economy, self-sufficient in food grain production. Along with this, the socio-economic and innovative efforts of the government have also been discussed, which are being adopted to establish the State as a trillion dollar economy in the coming years. This book is divided into 8 sections. The book discusses the roadmap to achieve the trillion dollar target as well as the possibilities, strategy and action plan in 11 sectors of the State's economy. It also analyses the challenges and their solutions before achieving the target. It also includes a discussion of the budget of the current financial year 2024-25 as well as the economic policies, state and central government schemes and programs that accelerate the economy. Through the book, the resolution of the central government to achieve the level of five trillion dollars, challenges, strategic action plan etc. have been analysed. A comprehensive overview of the socio-economic work of the state government after March 2017 also makes the book special. This book can be seen as an effort to disseminate information to the general public about the plans, policies, programs, goals and achievements of the work being done by the government in every sector of the State. |
| zari embroidery technique: Handmade in India Aditi Ranjan, M.P. Ranjan, 2009-10-20 The Indian way of life celebrates products made with the help of simple, indigenous tools by craftspeople with a strong fabric of tradition, aesthetic and artistry. The range of Indian handicrafts is as rich and varied as the country's cultural diversity. |
| zari embroidery technique: Visual Arts Question Bank UGC NTA NET Assistant Professors Mocktime Publication, 101-01-01 Chpater 1. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 1): The visual arts consist of creative expression that considers innovation and individuality as its primary determinants; Objects-of-art thus produced with great skill or accomplishment invariably gains a degree of (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 2. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 2): In contemporary times visual art has moved beyond the singular discipline towards multi-media expressions that have even significantly transgressed the studio and gallery/museum as spaces and the market as its economic determinant; Thus, it now includes and incorporates the applied arts within it, while photography and digital modes are integrated into its world of postmodern practice; On the theoretical perspective, art history and criticism examines and analyses the past and present developments and innovations, providing a contextual awareness to studio-practice about the present and possible future(s), thus integrates all of the above into a holistic understanding of the discipline(s). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 3. UNIT I - Fundamentals & Composition: Fundamentals of visual art (line, shape, form, space, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design etc.); Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance, foreshortening and emphasis etc.); Representation through two and three dimensions in visual art; Environmental, conceptual and perceptual aspects of art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 4. UNIT II - Inter-relationship of Visual Arts: Various forms of visual arts and their inter-relationship with other modes of creative expression, e.g. performing art, cinema and literature. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 5. UNIT III - Traditional Mediums & Techniques: Knowledge of traditional medium, materials and techniques, and their application in all disciplines of visual expression – e.g. carving and casting processes; handling of 2 colour/pigment (impasto, glazing, etc.); intaglio/relief print; fresco; preparation of ground for murals, preparation of wasli for miniatures, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 6. UNIT IV - Modern Techniques & Contemporary Practices: Developments in modern techniques, processes and procedures and their application in contemporary visual practices (installation; multi-colour print; computer-aided design – vector & rector; multimedia and digital technologies in art; trompe l’oeil illusory hyperrealism etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 7. UNIT V & VI - Aesthetics, Art Appreciation & Western Art History: The study of Indian and Western aesthetics and art appreciation; Study of chronological periods from prehistory to post-modern art and artists of the West, with a focus on the various movements that transformed its history. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 8. UNIT VII & VIII (Part 1) - Indian Art History & Contemporary Practices: Study of chronological periods and developments in Indian art from prehistory to the 19th century; Contemporary practices in Indian art during the 20th & 21st centuries with reference to art movements & major exponents. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 9. UNIT VIII (Part 2) & IX - Indian Visual Communication, Art Education & Asian Art: Modern concept of advertising, designing and visual communication; experimental modes in contemporary visual expression; development of art education in India from colonial (British) art schools till the present; The study of art in the Far East, South East and Central Asia and the ancient Near-East. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 10. UNIT X - Traditional, Folk & Tribal Practices: Understanding visual practices of traditional communities and their contemporary transformations – the ‘folk’, ‘tribal’ and craft practices in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 11. Elective I: Art History Principles & Methodology: Principles of Art Historical methodology – Formalism; Iconology; Semiotic analysis; Psychoanalytic method in Art History; Gestalt Theory of Visual Perception; impact of theories in class and gender on the discipline; Deconstruction and its transformative role for Art History; contemporary shifts towards a “New” Art History; art history as an evolving discipline in India from colonial period to post-Independent era; introduction of curatorial 3 practices – confluence of museum, gallery and art history; aesthetic theories and their relevance to art historical/critical analysis of the visual object. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 12. Elective I: Indian Iconography (Brahmanical): Antiquity of image worship in India and principles of iconometry; iconography and its development through Vedic to Brahmanical images: Indra, Surya, Agni, Varuna, Kubera, Yama, Ashta-dikpalas, Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti, the Saptamtrikas, Kartikeya, Ganesha, and river goddesses (Ganga and Yamuna) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 13. Elective I: Buddhist & Jain Iconography: Buddhist iconography: the evolution of the Buddha image (including Dhyani Buddhas, Manushi Buddhas, etc.), Bodhisattva (Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Maitreya etc.), Tara, Kubera etc.; Jain iconography: Tirthankara (Adinath, Parshvanath, Neminath, Mahavira), Bahubali; Ambika, Saraswati, Yaksha and Yakshi (in the Jain context) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 14. Elective I: Indian Sculpture (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of early Indian sculpture from Indus valley civilization to the post- Gupta period – dynasties like Maurya, Sunga, Satavahana, Kushana, Gupta, Pala-Sena, Chandela, Solanki, Parmar, Chalukya, Pallava, Rashtrakuta, Ganga, Chola, Hoysala, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 15. Elective I: Indian Architecture (Early, Stupas & Caves): Early Indian architecture (with reference to ancient literature and shilpa texts): Indus valley; Maurya Origin and development of the stupa: Bharhut, Sanchi, Sarnath and Amaravati; Evolution of rock-cut caves (Lomas-rishi, Khandagiri, Udaigiri, Bhaja, Karle, Kanheri, Ajanta, Elephanta, Ellora and Mamallapuram). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 16. Elective I: Indian Temple, Imperial & Modern Architecture: Evolution of temple architecture & their classification into Nagara, Dravida and Vessara categories: Gupta temples; Orissan developments (Parashurameshwara, Mukteshvara, Lingaraj and Konark); Chandella, Pratihar, Parmara and Solanki temple styles; Chalukyan, Rastrakuta and Hoysala temple architecture (including Virupaksha, Kaliashnatha in Ellora, Hoyasaleshvara; Pallava monolithic and structural temples; Chola temples; Martand Sun temple in Kashmir; Imperial architecture during Sultanate & Mughal rule: features of provincial Indo-Islamic architecture; Mughal architecture (Humayun’s Tomb, Fatehpur Sikari and Sikandra, Taj Mahal, Red Fort and Jama Masjid); Colonial & Modern architecture: Le Corbusier, Charles Correa, B.V. Doshi and others. 4. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 17. Elective I: Indian Painting (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of pre-historic painting, wall paintings at Ajanta and later mural tradition (Bagh, Badami, Ellora, Sittanvasal, Lepakshi, Kerala murals such as Mattancherry palace etc.); manuscript painting & the miniature traditions: Eastern and Western Indian manuscripts; Sultanate painting (the Chaurpanchasika and pre-Mughal schools), Mughal miniature painting from Akbar to Shah Jahan; Rajasthani miniature painting; Pahari miniature painting ; Deccani painting (Ahmednagar, Bijapur and Golconda). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 18. Elective I: Modern Indian Art: Modernity in Indian Art; Ravi Varma; E.B. Havell, A.K. Coomaraswamy, Stella Kramrisch, Abanindranath Tagore and the “Bengal School”; Nandalal Bose, Benodebehari Mukherjee and Ramkinkar Baij; Amrita Sher-Gil; Jamini Roy; the 1940s artists’ collectives: Calcutta Group (Kolkata), Progressive Artists Group (Mumbai), Delhi Shilpi Chakra (Delhi), Cholamandala Artists’ Village (Chennai); Indigenism and the trends in 1950s and 1960s; trends in abstraction since the 1970s; the 20th & 21st century contemporary trends towards globalization (including the introduction of installation, performance, digital/video etc.) with a study of select individual artists. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 19. Elective I: Western Art (Ancient to Romanticism): Overview of Western art from prehistory to the present: Prehistoric art, art in ancient Egypt, Aegean art, Greece and Rome; Early-Christian and Byzantine art; Romanesque and Gothic art; Renaissance painting and sculpture; Mannerism and Baroque painting and sculpture; Rococo, Neoclassicism and Romanticism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 20. Elective I: Western Art (Modern & Post-Modern Movements): Modern movements including Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impression, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Constructivism, Futurism, Dada and Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op art, Pop art; Post-modern developments including, Minimal and Conceptual Art, Fluxus movement, Arte Povera, Body art, Land and Environment Art, Graffiti, Process art, Performance art, Installation, Neo-figuration, Happening, Feminist and Gay art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 21. Elective I: Art of Ancient Near-East & Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 1 - Mesopotamia, Persia, China): Visual expression from ancient Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, Assyria); art in Achaemanid and Sassanian Persia; Introduction to cultural exchange between India and these ancient cultures and the emergence of distinctive visual expressions: ancient China (Shang, Zhou, and Han dynasties); Buddhist sculpture from upto Tang dynasty; Six Dynasties and Tang painting; Chinese landscape tradition from Song to Qing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 22. Elective I: Art of Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 2 - Japan, Tibet, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Java, Myanmar/Thailand): Japan (Haniwa pottery figures; Buddhist sculptures from Nara to Kamakura periods); late Heian and Kamakura painting including the Tale of Genji and the Heiji Monogatari Emaki scrolls; Japanese scroll painting in the Momoyama & Edo periods; ukiyo-e woodblock prints from the Edo period); Tibet (Buddhist icons and the thangka painting tradition); Nepal (Buddhist and Brahmanical sculptures and painting); Sri Lanka (sculpture and painting – including Sigiriya murals); Cambodia (sculpture and architecture, 5 especially Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom); Java (sculpture and architecture, including the Dieng plateau candi-s, the Borobudur stupa, and Prambanan complex); Buddhist art in Myanmar/Burma and Siam/Thailand etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 23. Elective I: Indian Folk and Tribal Art: Phad, Pichhwai and Kavad painting (Rajasthan); Pata painting in Bengal and Orissa; Madhubani/Mithila painting (Bihar), Warli painting (Maharastra), Pithora painting (Gujarat); Dhokra bronze casting; votive terracotta objects (including votive horses offered across various states in India); wood carving and wooden dolls (Kondapalli, Karnataka, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh); leather puppets (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka); traditional and modern textiles and functional objects (textiles of Banaras, Kanchipuram, Gujrat, Orissa, and the North-Eastern states; tie-and-dye fabrics; embroidery; kantha, Phulkari, Chamba rumal; metal-ware including Bidri, repousse, enamelling; jewellery including jade, beads etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 24. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Aesthetics (Fundamentals & Indian): Fundamental elements of drawing and painting. Imagery in visual arts. Origin and development of art (visual). Classification of Arts. Conceptual and Visual reality. Relevance of study of aesthetics in painting: The early philosophical thoughts in Indian Culture. Nature and Function of Art in the society. Indian aesthetics: Concept of Ras-Sutra and its commentaries: The Theory of Rasa, Sadharanikarana, Dhvani, Alankara, Auchitya,etc; shilpa texts like the Chitrasutra of the Vishnudharmottara Purana, Shadanga from Yashodhara’s commentary on the Kamasutra, etc.; A.K. Coomaraswamy and Rabindranath Tagore’s contributions towards Indian aesthetics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 25. Elective II: Western Aesthetics (Theories & Philosophers): Theory of imitation and representation, catharsis (Plato and Aristotle). Aesthetical views of Kant, Hegel, Croce, Tolstoy, Baumgarten, Schopenhauer, Clive Bell, Roger Fry, I. A. Richards, Susanne Langer, Sigmund Freud, and George Santayana. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 26. Elective II: History of Indian Painting (Ancient to Company School): Prehistoric Paintings in India, Wall paintings of Ajanta, Bagh, Badami and Sittanavasal. Manuscript painting tradition Pala and Western Indian. Tradition of Miniature paintings: Pre-Mughal, Mughal, Rajasthani, Pahari (Basohli, Guler-Kangra and Garhwal) and Deccani painting (Ahmendagar, Bijapur & Golconda). Company School of painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 27. Elective II: Modern Indian Painting & Trends: Advent of Modernism with Raja Ravi Varma, Bengal School: Abanindranath Tagore and his disciples, Nandalal Bose and his disciples. Breakthrough in Indian painting: Contribution of Amrita Sher-Gil. Progressive artist group – Bombay, Calcutta Group – Calcutta, Shilpi Chakra – Delhi, Chola mandala – Madras and Baroda School – Baroda. In Indian Art the Major trends of Indigenous since 1970, Contemporary painting and eminent artists: Impressionistic, Expressionistic, Abstraction, Decoration, Neo-Tantric, Figurative and Non-figurative, Surrealistic, Representational and Non-representational painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 28. Elective II: Western Painting History (Comprehensive Overview): Prehistoric paintings of France and Spain. Egyptian, Aegean Art, Greece and Roman painting. Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Neo- Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism & Symbolism, Cubism, Futurism, Dada & Surrealism Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Op and Pop Art, Minimal Art & Post Modern Trends, New Media, Installation and Illusory Hyper Realism, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 29. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Material & Method: Application of Materials, Support in Painting (Canvas, Paper, Wall surface, Panels), Mix media. Oil painting and its technique – Traditional and Non-traditional. Techniques of Wall paintings – Traditional (Fresco Secco and Buono) and Modern. Water color painting, wash technique, pastel and crayon, Acrylic color, color preparation and technical aspect of pigments. Color theory and color harmony. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 30. Elective II: Art Schools & Art Education in India: The introduction of formal training in art through Colonial Art Schools, and the transition from Colonial understanding to Post-Independent art education in the art schools at Chennai, Kolkata, Lahore, Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow, Jaipur; art promotion and education through art academies; rethinking institutional art education at Santiniketan and Baroda; role of art galleries and museums in art education; increase in curatorial venture as a collaboration between the museum, galleries and practicing artists and historians; role of art journals and magazines in the dialogue between viewing public and the artist. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 31. Elective III: Applied Art (Basics, Terminology & Typographic History): Elements & principles of design; The term ‘Graphic Design’ and William Addison Diggings; Basics of Graphic Design/Applied Art: Image and Text; Developing message to promote product. Terms and terminologies relevant to advertising Industry: Understanding of the ‘Portmanteau’ terms such as, Advertorials, Info graphics, Infomercials, Edutainment etc. Innovations and Movements History of advertising in India and rest of the world; Calligraphy, Advent of moveable types, Typefaces, fronts and families; Architecture and anatomy of letters; Classifications of types and size, Early Typographers and study of traditional hand writing and script like Indian manuscripts, Persian, Chinese, Japanese and Roman etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 32. Elective III: Printing Processes & Influential Design Movements: Development of printing processes in India and rest of the world: letterpress, gravure, silkscreen and Offset etc. Movements that influenced graphic design: Art Nouveau, The Art of War), The ISMs of Art: Futurism, Dada, De Stijl, & Constructivism, Art and Craft movement, Bauhaus movement and new typography, history of graphic design and the nature of advertising history, Illustrated Modernism & Psychedelia, New Wave and Post Modernism, Digital Expressionism & Postscript, The Digital Future. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 33. Elective III: Advertising Forms, Media, Posters & Cultural Frames: Print, outdoor, electronic and new media advertising; Media Options: newspapers and magazines, radio, TV and cinema, posters, Direct Mail, Ambient and Guerrilla advertising, digital and online advertising. Viral Advertising. Boom in Outdoor advertising: billboards and transits, innovative Materials and advantages. Emergence of Poster as a ‘new genre of art’: Study of posters with reference to Poland, Japan, UK and America and Bolshevik Russia. Placards and propagandas, Protest and Wartime posters, Subway culture. Cultural frames of advertising phases: Idolatry, Iconology, Narcissism, and Transition from ‘Totemism’ (the fourth cultural frame) to ‘Mise-en-Scene’ (Fifth Frame); Evolution from Traditional to Industrial to Consumer society & development of communications media. Future of advertising and advertising agencies. Blurring the lines between advertising and entertainment; The impact of Graphic Design with advance technology; Re-defining “Graphic design”; Attributes needed by the modern designers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 34. Elective III: Design Campaign, Packaging, Printing Processes & Corporate Advertising: Designing of logo, rebus, symbol, mark and corporate identity; stories behind the development of most well-known symbols/identities the world; Brands, rebranding and brand positioning; Precursors and prophets of advertising theories and principles; Designing events –Event Mascots and other global entertainments, films and festivals. Campaign planning and strategy: the client, market research, account planning, creative brief. Developing visuals and messages for print-ads, Direct Mail, posters, outdoor advertising, merchandising, show-windows and supermarket items (Point of sales / Point of Purchase items, dispensers, stands, stalls etc.) Media selection, Approaches& the target audience. Innovations in media. New technologies, TV graphics, multimedia presentation, web-page designing and understanding of rector and vector software; Internet – its use in advertising products and services, net marketing. Prepress, Printing presses, and Post-press: manipulations of pixels and resolutions, colour corrections, knowledge of computer-to-plate graphic reproductions, offset printing, Finishing and Converting. Additive and subtractive colours, four colour printing mechanics, Spot Colours and Lainations, UVs etc. Design of packaging, merchandising and novelties. Origin and growth of advertising agencies: Role and responsibilities of a Graphic designer. Creative core: Creative/Art Director, Visualizer, and Copywriter, interaction in developing concepts. World’s leading Advertising Corporates, Multinationals and Indian scenario: Indian Advertising Agencies with all India branches. Ad-Gurus or remarkable Ad-Men and epoch making advertising campaigns by them. Highest honours, Awards in the advertising creativity and extraordinary contribution. Famous designers of the world on branding and corporate identity design, Film titles. Interdisciplinary participation approach with disciplines of art, collaboration and internship with industries and corporates. Computers and its role in creating new visual effects (Photography, Digital Graphics, Film titles, Multimedia presentations, Image Editing, Web Graphics and types of online Advertising, Web page designing); Importance of market research in advertising. Print media vs. Electronic Media. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 35. Elective IV: Printmaking (Aesthetics, History, Relief & Intaglio Techniques): Understanding of fundamentals of visual art (space, form, size, shape, line, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design and aesthetic) in relation to print making. Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance and emphasis). Reproduction of two dimensional identical prints. Knowledge of history, invention, development and definition of print making (Graphic Art) process, techniques and materials in Asia and Europe. Japanese woodcuts and important masters of Ukiyo-e School and works of masters such as Hokusai, Hiroshige, Utamaro etc. Print making as a mode of creative expression during 19th –20th century from book production to establishing of atelier/workshops, groups, experiments and influences on advertising. Relief techniques (wood-cut and lino-cut); Intaglio techniques (wood and metal engraving, etching – line, aquatint, soft ground, etc., dry-point, mezzotint). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 36. Elective IV: Printmaking (Surface, Stencil, Other Techniques, Materials & Western Masters): Surface printing (planography, offset, oleograph etc.), Stencil and serigraph; Other techniques- colography, chine-collé, monoprint, unique print, viscosity, digital imaging, mix medium etc. Knowledge on use of different kinds of mediums, materials and printing process used in print making (wood, lino, copper, zinc, plywood, stone, acrylic, paper, cardboard, gum, acids, chemicals, ink, resin, software, tools, machine, equipment etc.). Preparation of different types of surface from identification of material to designing till printing. Knowledge of works of master print makers and their contribution in development of printmaking from historic to modern like Durer, Rembrandt, Hogarth, Goya, Gauguin, Degas, Lautrec, Daumier, German expressionists (Kathe Kollwitz, Nolde, Heckel, Grosz, Munch etc.), Picasso, Pop and figurative artists (Rauschenberg, Lichtenstein, Jim Dine), David Hockney, Krishna Reddy, Peter Daglish, Stanley Jones, Paul Lingren, Carol Summers etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 37. Elective IV: Indian Printmaking & Contemporary Issues: Development of Printmaking in India, contribution and influence of British during colonial period, establishment of press and schools, popular printmaking in mid-19th century till pre independence. Print making trends in India post independence. Contribution of Indian print makers: Raja Ravi Varma, member of Vichitra club, Mukul Dey, Gangendranath Tagore etc. Santiniketan School, Nandalal Bose, Binode Behari Mukherjee, Ramkinkar, Biswarup Bose, Ramen Chakraborty, Haren Das, Somnath Hore, Chittaprasad, Jyoti Bhatt, Kanwal Krishna, Devyani Krishna, Y.K. Shukla, Vasant Parab, Jagmohan Chopra, Paramjeet Singh, Lalita Lajmi, Naina Dalal, Laxma Goud, R.B. Bhaskaran, R.M. Pallaniappan, Sanat Kar, Lalu Prasad Shaw, Amitabh Banerjee, Debraj Dakoji, Bhupen Khakhar, Waman Chincholkar, Paul Koli, Deepak Banerjee, Jai Zharotia, Prayag Jha, Rini Dhumal, Anupam Sud, Jayant Parikh, Kanchan Chander etc. Good quality prints - criteria (technically and aesthetically), conventions to identify the authenticity of prints – signature, editions, artists proof etc. Display - mounting and preservation of prints. Various issues related to the contemporary printmaking (mechanical production, computer graphics, influences of advertising, atelier, workshops and groups etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 38. Elective V: Sculpture (Fundamentals, Aesthetics, History & Clay/POP Media): Fundamentals and elements of sculpture; origin and development of imagery in sculpture; classification of sculpture; sculptural form vis-a-vis conceptual reality. Relevance of the study of aesthetics for sculptural practice: the early philosophical ideas in India and the West; the role and function of sculpture in the society. History of sculpture in Western and Oriental traditions; traditional sculptural program as integral part of architectural structures such as churches, temples and secular buildings. Study of form, material, methods, and techniques relevant to sculptural practice; clarity of understanding of terminologies related to the art of sculpture. Study of varied media in sculptural practice: 1. Clay and wax: Preparation of natural clay for sculpture; modelling and casting with clay; terracotta & firing of clay; types of kilns; possibilities in the range of colours and pigments in ceramic works; two-dimensional and three-dimensional modes in clay sculptures; modelling and carving in wax. 2. Plaster of Paris (POP): History, chemical composition and physical nature of POP; advantages and disadvantages of working with POP; accelerating and retarding agents; surface treatment of POP; casting and carving in POP. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 39. Elective V: Sculpture (Wood, Stone & Metal Techniques): 3. Wood: Nature and varieties of wood; carving tools and methods of carving for sculpting in wood; seasoning and preservation of wood; finishing and staining of wood. 4. Stone: Origin of sculpting in stone; tools and equipment, methods and approach relevant to stone carving; treatment and preservation of stone against weathering. 5. Metal: History of metal sculptures; processes involved in the use of metal as medium for sculpture; physical properties and classification of metals as ferrous and non-ferrous, alloy, etc.; bronze as the primary sculptural metal; the Lost-wax method (cire-perdue); indigenous methods including “gravity casting”, “sand casting”, etc.; melting points of metals; surface treatment viz. anodising, oxidation and patination; welding and forging processes for working with metals; preservation of metal sculptures. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 40. Elective V: Sculpture (Assemblage, Installation, Monumental & Key Sculptors): Assemblage and Installation: History & background of mix-media; new hybrid forms of 1960’s and more recent developments; public sculptures; environmental art. Monumental sculpture: Scope, problems, limitations, concept and development; eminent exponents such as D.P. Roychowdhary, Ramkinkar Baij, Prodosh Dasgupta, Sankho Chaudhurai, Piloo Pochkhanawla, Chintamoni Kar, Sarbari Roy Chowdhury, Amarnath Sehgal, Dhanraj Bhagat, Kanayi Kunhiraman, M. Dharmani, Nagji Patel, Balbir Singh Katt. Contemporary Indian Sculptors: Combine indigenous knowledge with new materials and techniques; select individuals – B.C Sanyal, Somnath Hore, K.G. Subramanyan, Biman B. Das, Meera Mukherjee, Raghav Kaneria, Himmat Shah, Latika Katt, Jeram Patel, Ajit Chakraborty, Sushen Ghose, Satish Gujral, Ved Nayar, P.V Janakiram, Shiv Singh, Balan Nambiar, S. Nandgopal, Mahendra Pandya, Rajnikant Panchal, Mrinalini Mukherjee, K.S. Radhakrishnan, S. Nandgopal, Dhruva Mistri, Pritpal Singh Ladi, Anita Dube, Ravindra Reddy, N.N. Rimzon, Pushpamala N., Sudarshan Shetty, Subodh Gupta , Anish Kapoor, etc. Contribution of select modern & contemporary sculptors from the West: Honore Daumier, Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel, Paul Gauguin, Aristide Maillol, Antoine Bourdelle, Henri Matisse, Ernst Barlach, Constantin Brancusi, Pablo Picasso, Aleksandr Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Jacques Lipchitz, Henri Laurens, Umberto Boccioni, Vladimir Tatlin, Naum Gabo, Sophie Tauber, Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Antoine Pevsner, Alexander Calder, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, David Smith, Louise Bourgeois, Isamu Noguchi, Alberto Giacometti, Cesar, Marino Marini, Lucio Fontana, George Segal, Claes Oldenburg, Anthony Caro, Tony Smith, Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Eva Hesse, Duane Hanson, Judy Chicago, Joel Schapiro, Barry Flanagan, Georg Baselitz, Jimmie Durham, Jeff Koons, Kiki Smith. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) |
| zari embroidery technique: Census of India, 1961 India (Republic) Office of the Registrar General, 1965 |
| zari embroidery technique: Census of India, 1961: Madhya Pradesh India. Office of the Registrar General, 1965 |
| zari embroidery technique: The Indian Textile Journal Sorabji M. Rutnagur, 1998 |
| zari embroidery technique: Handicrafts of India Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya, 1995 |
| zari embroidery technique: Fibre2Fashion - Textile Magazine - September 2017 Fibre2Fashion, 2017-09-01 Fibre2Fashion magazine—the print venture of Fibre2Fashion.com since 2011—is circulated among a carefully-chosen target audience globally, and reaches the desks of top management and decision-makers in the textiles, apparel and fashion industry. As one of India's leading industry magazines for the entire textile value chain, Fibre2Fashion Magazine takes the reader beyond the mundane headlines, and analyses issues in-depth. |
| zari embroidery technique: Heritage Conservation and Research in India Gabriela Krist, Tatjana Bayerová, 2010 2009 marked the 60th anniversary of the diplomatic relations of the Republic of India and the Republic of Austria. The Conservation Department of the University of Applied Arts Vienna presents this volume largely based on papers reported at the conference Cultural Heritage Counts - Research, Conservation and Management held in New Delhi in August, 2009. The conference was a crucial contribution initiated by the Austrian Cultural Forum New Delhi to celebrate this important jubilee. The successful and intensive cooperation of both countries in the fields of the research and conservation of cultural heritage is reflected in numerous research and conservation projects presented in this book. |
| zari embroidery technique: Fashion: Exploring Critical Issues , 2020-05-18 This ebook is an inter-disciplinary collection of topics representing conventional and unconventional approaches to fashion studies, exposing a wide variety of methodological perspectives from fields including anthropology, history, art history, sociology, and material culture. |
| zari embroidery technique: Art and culture of West Bengal Sahanawaz Hussain, 2025-01-25 The book “ART AND CULTURE OF WEST BENGAL” by Sahanawaz Hussain highlights the different culture of West Bengal. The state West Bengal has a diverse culture. Author Sahanawaz Hussain highlights all the culture of different district of West Bengal starting from North Bengal to South Bengal. West Bengal boasts a rich literary and cultural heritage with evidenced by authors like Rabindranath Tagore, folk music like Baul, Gambhira as well as Najrul Geeti, Rabindra Sangeet. West Bengal is the home of a thriving cinema industry dubbed “Tollywood”. Throughout the year many festivals are celebrated in Bengal. |
| zari embroidery technique: أزياء قطرية Najlāʾ Ismāʻīl al-ʻIzzī al-Wahhābī, 2003 |
| zari embroidery technique: Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay Sakuntala Narasimhan, 1999-01-01 |
| zari embroidery technique: Rajasthan , 2000 |
| zari embroidery technique: Fashion Concept and Merchandising Mr. Rohit Manglik, 2024-04-06 EduGorilla Publication is a trusted name in the education sector, committed to empowering learners with high-quality study materials and resources. Specializing in competitive exams and academic support, EduGorilla provides comprehensive and well-structured content tailored to meet the needs of students across various streams and levels. |
Zari Hassan - Wikipedia
Zarinah Hassan (born 23 September 1980), commonly known as Zari Hassan, alias Zari the Boss Lady, is a Ugandan socialite, musician, businesswoman and actress. She resides in South …
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Zari | Duolingo Wiki | Fandom
Zari is one of the Duolingo main characters who can be found in lessons, stories and other events. She is a teenage girl that wears a coral pink head scarf/hijab, a blue shirt, long coral …
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Zari Hassan: age, children, spouse, career, house, net worth
Jun 9, 2023 · Zari Hassan is a Ugandan socialite, entrepreneur, and reality TV personality. She is known for her glamorous lifestyle, fashion sense, and active presence on social media. She is …
Zari Hassan Biography, Wikipedia, Age, Husband, Children, Net ...
Jan 21, 2025 · Biography Wikipedia: Zari Hassan aka Zarithebosslady whose real name is Zarinah Hassan (born 23 September 1980) is a Ugandan socialite, brand influencer, …
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Zari Hassan - Wikipedia
Zarinah Hassan (born 23 September 1980), commonly known as Zari Hassan, alias Zari the Boss Lady, is a Ugandan socialite, musician, businesswoman and actress. She resides in South …
Marina Satti - ZARI (Official Music Video) - YouTube
Subscribe here: https://bit.ly/MarinaSattiYouTubeBuy/stream it: https://marinasatti.lnk.to/ZARIMusic: Marina Satti, OGΕ, Nick Kodonas, Kay Be, Jay Stolar, G...
Zari | Duolingo Wiki | Fandom
Zari is one of the Duolingo main characters who can be found in lessons, stories and other events. She is a teenage girl that wears a coral pink head scarf/hijab, a blue shirt, long coral …
Zeotox - Heavy Metal Detox for Kids – ZARI
Zeotox Drops feature a natural berry flavor that kids love. The subtle sweetness comes from natural fruit extracts and glycerin, which provides a pleasant taste without added sugar, …
Zari Hassan: age, children, spouse, career, house, net worth
Jun 9, 2023 · Zari Hassan is a Ugandan socialite, entrepreneur, and reality TV personality. She is known for her glamorous lifestyle, fashion sense, and active presence on social media. She is …
Zari Hassan Biography, Wikipedia, Age, Husband, Children, Net ...
Jan 21, 2025 · Biography Wikipedia: Zari Hassan aka Zarithebosslady whose real name is Zarinah Hassan (born 23 September 1980) is a Ugandan socialite, brand influencer, …
ZARI
They hide in your gut… silently stealing your focus, mood, and energy. Zari’s gentle 2-step cleanse helps flush them out—so your body can finally work for you, not against you.
