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| xitsonga grammar: History of Xitsonga-Speaking Tribes Vonakani Maluleke, 2023-08-30 This research is an uncensored history guide for lessons on Tsonga History. It gives an analysis of the historical movements and cultural significance of the Xitsonga-speaking people of southern Africa. The book is best suited for teaching and learning purposes. It also looks at commonly misinterpreted historical factors and offers an alternative view of looking at history. References are given where necessary in an effort to collect as much reliable information as possible, while linking these to oral traditions and local folklore in order to come to a better understanding of history. Sources were carefully analysed and those that correlate more with known traditions, oral history, and the praise poetry of the Xitsonga-speaking people are especially pointed out. |
| xitsonga grammar: A Socio-economic Atlas of South Africa Nick Tait, 1996 This atlas presents a set of demographic, socio-economic and cultural profiles of South Africa in a clear and easily understandable format. |
| xitsonga grammar: A Unified Standard Orthography for Xitsonga/ Xichangana Bento Sitoe, 2003 |
| xitsonga grammar: The Handbook of Phonological Theory John A. Goldsmith, Jason Riggle, Alan C. L. Yu, 2011-09-15 The Handbook of Phonological Theory, second edition offers an innovative and detailed examination of recent developments in phonology, and the implications of these within linguistic theory and related disciplines. Revised from the ground-up for the second edition, the book is comprised almost entirely of newly-written and previously unpublished chapters Addresses the important questions in the field including learnability, phonological interfaces, tone, and variation, and assesses the findings and accomplishments in these domains Brings together a renowned and international contributor team Offers new and unique reflections on the advances in phonological theory since publication of the first edition in 1995 Along with the first edition, still in publication, it forms the most complete and current overview of the subject in print |
| xitsonga grammar: Seeing the World through the Onomastic Lens Mkhacani Thomas Chauke, Munyaradzi Mawere, 2025-05-15 Originating from discussions at the 2018 Names Society of Southern Africa (NSSA) Conference, the scholarly work Seeing the World through the Onomastic Lens: Xitsonga Anthroponyms and Toponyms meticulously explores the onomastics of the understudied Xitsonga language. The book compiles chapters that significantly advance the understanding of personal names (anthroponyms), place names (toponyms), and ethnonyms within the community. It incisively examines the diverse facets of Vatsonga naming practices, illuminating the cultural and social forces shaping personal naming trends. Moreover, the volume investigates the craft of character naming in modern literature, demonstrating how authors employ Xitsonga names to enrich characterization and narrative progression. This linguistically reflective and explorative book serves as a key resource for students and practitioners in linguistic studies, African studies, social anthropology, policy studies, history, and onomastics. |
| xitsonga grammar: Teaching Writing to Children in Indigenous Languages Ari Sherris, Joy Kreeft Peyton, 2019-02-18 This volume brings together studies of instructional writing practices and the products of those practices from diverse Indigenous languages and cultures. By analyzing a rich diversity of contexts—Finland, Ghana, Hawaii, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, and more—through biliteracy, complexity, and genre theories, this book explores and demonstrates critical components of writing pedagogy and development. Because the volume focuses on Indigenous languages, it questions center-margin perspectives on schooling and national language ideologies, which often limit the number of Indigenous languages taught, the domains of study, and the age groups included. |
| xitsonga grammar: My First Tsonga ( Xitsonga ) Alphabets Picture Book with English Translations Enelo S., 2019-12-12 Did you ever want to teach your kids the basics of Tsonga ( Xitsonga ) ? Learning Tsonga ( Xitsonga ) can be fun with this picture book. In this book you will find the following features: Tsonga ( Xitsonga ) Alphabets. Tsonga ( Xitsonga ) Words. English Translations. |
| xitsonga grammar: The Social and Political History of Southern Africa's Languages Tomasz Kamusella, Finex Ndhlovu, 2017-11-21 This book is the first to offer an interdisciplinary and comprehensive reference work on the often-marginalised languages of southern Africa. The authors analyse a range of different concepts and questions, including language and sociality, social and political history, multilingual government, and educational policies. In doing so, they present significant original research, ensuring that the work will remain a key reference point for the subject. This ambitious and wide-ranging edited collection will appeal to students and scholars of southern African languages, sociolinguistics, history and politics. |
| xitsonga grammar: Bantoe-onderwysblad , 1978 |
| xitsonga grammar: Lexikos , 1999 |
| xitsonga grammar: On reconstructing Proto-Bantu grammar Koen Bostoen, Gilles-Maurice de Schryver, Rozenn Guérois, Sara Pacchiarotti, 2023-03-15 This book is about reconstructing the grammar of Proto-Bantu, the ancestral language at the origin of current-day Bantu languages. While Bantu is a low-level branch of Niger-Congo, the world’s biggest phylum, it is still Africa’s biggest language family. This edited volume attempts to retrieve the phonology, morphology and syntax used by the earliest Bantu speakers to communicate with each other, discusses methods to do so, and looks at issues raised by these academic endeavours. It is a collective effort involving a fine mix of junior and senior scholars representing several generations of expert historical-comparative Bantu research. It is the first systematic approach to Proto-Bantu grammar since Meeussen’s Bantu Grammatical Reconstructions (1967). Based on new bodies of evidence from the last five decades, most notably from northwestern Bantu languages, this book considerably transforms our understanding of Proto-Bantu grammar and offers new methodological approaches to Bantu grammatical reconstruction. |
| xitsonga grammar: Prosody and Prosodic Interfaces Haruo Kubozono, Junko Ito, Armin Mester, 2022 This volume brings together new work on prosody and prosodic interfaces from international experts in the field, with parts exploring word prosody and phrase prosody, lexical tone and intonation, and the syntax-prosody interface. The empirical data comes from a wide range of languages, including many that are largely undocumented or understudied. |
| xitsonga grammar: Jabulani Means Rejoice Phumzile Simelane Kalumba, 2012 Jabulani Means Rejoice is a dictionary comprised of hundreds of African names in local South African languages, meticulously assembled and expounded upon for the curious reader. Names are listed in alphabetical order with gender indications, as well as information regarding their ethnographic origins and meanings. Yet, Jabulani Means Rejoice is so much more than simply a list of names and their meanings. The author skilfully interweaves cultural context and history, including issues surrounding naming rituals, domestic disputes and the curse of the evil eye. As a reference work, Jabulani Means Rejoice stands as an invaluable contribution to the growing interest in African cultural history. With its names ranging from the traditional to the unconventional, it will appeal to linguists, family historians and anyone with an interest in names. |
| xitsonga grammar: Changing a Leopard's Spots Alex van den Heever, 2023-03-01 ‘Alex and Renias are what we need in these times of racial mistrust and lack of cohesion. I found this book compelling and “unputdownable” as it goes beyond wildlife to life, love, trust and community. It is about generosity of spirit. It serves as a reminder that humanity needs to respect, love and appreciate nature.’ – SELLO HATANG, Chief Executive of the Nelson Mandela Foundation World-renowned wildlife trackers Alex van den Heever and Renias Mhlongo have spent three decades working together, tracking leopards and lions at Londolozi, jaguars in South America and grizzly bears in the United States. In Changing a Leopard’s Spots, Alex shares stories from his life with Renias, including the successes, failures, dramas, laughter, disappointments and highlights. As they experience numerous adventures, Alex and Renias learn to trust and rely on one another – both in order to stay alive, in a literal sense because of the sometimes dangerous environments in which they work, but also to develop a deep and meaningful relationship. By challenging each other and learning from one another, they break down social, cultural, racial and personal boundaries and obstacles that often divide South Africans; and in the process, the two men forge an unbreakable bond. |
| xitsonga grammar: Aspects of Xitsonga Grammar , 2022 |
| xitsonga grammar: Decolonising Multilingualism in Africa Finex Ndhlovu, Leketi Makalela, 2021-07-16 This book interrogates and problematises African multilingualism as it is currently understood in language education and research. It challenges the enduring colonial matrices of power hidden within mainstream conceptions of multilingualism that have been propagated in the Global North and then exported to the Global South under the aegis of colonial modernity and pretensions of universal epistemic relevance. The book contributes new points of method, theory and interpretation that will advance scholarly conversations on decolonial epistemology by introducing the notion of coloniality of language – a summary term that describes the ways in which notions of language and multilingualism in post-colonial societies remain colonial. The authors begin the process of mapping out what a socially realistic notion of multilingualism would look like if we took into account the voices of marginalised and ignored African communities of practice – both on the African continent and in the diasporas. |
| xitsonga grammar: Multilingual Universities in South Africa Liesel Hibbert, Christa van der Walt, 2014-04-16 Focusing on the use of African languages in higher education, this book showcases South African higher education practitioners’ attempts to promote a multilingual ethos in their classes. It is a first-time overview of multilingual teaching and learning strategies that have been tried and tested in a number of higher education institutions in South Africa. Despite language-in-education policies that extol the virtues of multilingualism, practice remains oriented towards English-only learning and teaching. In the multilingual contexts of local campuses, this book shows how students and lecturers attempt to understand their multiple identities and use the available languages to create multilingual learning environments. |
| xitsonga grammar: The Bantu Languages Mark Van de Velde, Koen Bostoen, Derek Nurse, Gérard Philippson, 2019-01-30 Written by an international team of experts, this comprehensive volume presents grammatical analyses of individual Bantu languages, comparative studies of their main phonetic, phonological and grammatical characteristics and overview chapters on their history and classification. It is estimated that some 300 to 350 million people, or one in three Africans, are Bantu speakers. Van de Velde and Bostoen bring together their linguistic expertise to produce a volume that builds on Nurse and Philippson’s first edition. The Bantu Languages, 2nd edition is divided into two parts; Part 1 contains 11 comparative chapters, and Part 2 provides grammar sketches of 12 individual Bantu languages, some of which were previously undescribed. The grammar sketches follow a general template that allows for easy comparison. Thoroughly revised and updated to include more language descriptions and the latest comparative insights. New to this edition: • new chapters on syntax, tone, reconstruction and language contact • 12 new sketch grammars • thoroughly updated chapters on phonetics, aspect-tense-mood and classification • exhaustive catalogue of known languages with essential references This unique resource remains the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Bantu linguistics and languages. It will be of interest to researchers and anyone with an interest in historical linguistics, linguistic typology and grammatical analysis. |
| xitsonga grammar: The Routledge Handbook of Global Cultural Policy Victoria Durrer, Toby Miller, Dave O'Brien, 2017-09-22 Cultural policy intersects with political, economic, and socio-cultural dynamics at all levels of society, placing high and often contradictory expectations on the capabilities and capacities of the media, the fine, performing, and folk arts, and cultural heritage. These expectations are articulated, mobilised and contested at – and across – a global scale. As a result, the study of cultural policy has firmly established itself as a field that cuts across a range of academic disciplines, including sociology, cultural and media studies, economics, anthropology, area studies, languages, geography, and law. This Routledge Handbook of Global Cultural Policy sets out to broaden the field’s consideration to recognise the necessity for international and global perspectives. The book explores how cultural policy has become a global phenomenon. It brings together a diverse range of researchers whose work reveals how cultural policy expresses and realises common global concerns, dominant narratives, and geopolitical economic and social inequalities. The sections of the book address cultural policy’s relation to core academic disciplines and core questions, of regulations, rights, development, practice, and global issues. With a cross-section of country-by-country case studies, this comprehensive volume is a map for academics and students seeking to become more globally orientated cultural policy scholars. |
| xitsonga grammar: Variation in the Grammar of Black South African English Verena Minow, 2010 Black South African English, the variety of English used by mother-tongue speakers of South Africa's indigenous languages, has received considerable attention during the last two decades. However, so far most of the accounts of this variety have been only qualitative in nature. This book reports on one of the first studies offering extensive quantitative analyses of four typical features of Black South African English grammar: omission of past tense marking, extended use of the progressive aspect, article omission, and use of left dislocation. Drawing on a corpus of spoken data, the study's focus lies on the investigation of the stability of the selected features and hence aims to ascertain which of these are characteristic of Black South African English as a whole. Speakers exhibiting differing levels of competence in English are compared. It is shown that the analysed features are used by speakers of Black South African English regardless of their proficiency level, but, at the same time, there are considerable differences concerning the frequency of occurrence of these features. |
| xitsonga grammar: Bilingual Competence and Bilingual Proficiency in Child Development Norbert Francis, 2011-11-18 A study of first and second language development in an indigenous community with implications for broader linguistic and cognitive issues. When two or more languages are part of a child's world, we are presented with a rich opportunity to learn something about language in general and about how the mind works. In this book, Norbert Francis examines the development of bilingual proficiency and the different kinds of competence that come together in making up its component parts. In particular, he explores problems of language ability when children use two languages for tasks related to schooling, especially in learning how to read and write. He considers both broader research issues and findings from an ongoing investigation of child bilingualism in an indigenous language–speaking community in Mexico. This special sociolinguistic context allows for a unique perspective on some of the central themes of bilingualism research today, including the distinction between competence and proficiency, modularity, and the Poverty of Stimulus problem. Francis proposes that competence (knowledge) should be considered as an integral component of proficiency (ability) rather than something separate and apart, arguing that this approach allows for a more inclusive assessment of research findings from diverse fields of study. The bilingual indigenous language project illustrates how the concepts of modularity and the competence-proficiency distinction in particular might be applied to problems of language learning and literacy. Few investigations of indigenous language and culture approach bilingual research problems from a cognitive science perspective. By suggesting connections to broader cognitive and linguistic issues, Francis points the way to further research along these lines. |
| xitsonga grammar: Sociolinguistic and Language Planning Organizations Francesc Domínguez, Núria López, 1995-01-01 This directory gives guidance in the complicated world of sociolinguistic and language planning organizations, giving structural information on regional, national, provincial and community level, both public and private. Each entry gives full details, including full addresses, phone/fax numbers, Director's name, and information on the organization s activities, programs, publications, work in progress and plans for the future. |
| xitsonga grammar: Tracking Changes in South African Reading Literacy Achievement , 2023-09-04 Reading has been touted as the most crucial and lacking skill for young South African children. This book delves into the issues and measurement considerations surrounding reading literacy using the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) data. The contributors to this volume explore the complexities of measuring reading literacy with an international survey, curricula misalignment, and how the PIRLS framework can inform teaching and learning. Contributors are: Caroline Böning, Celeste Combrinck, Peter Courtney, Martin Gustafsson, Nompumelelo L. Mohohlwane, Nangamso Mtsatse, Elizabeth Pretorius, Karen Roux, Claudia Schreiner, Tobias Schroedler, Nick Taylor, Stephen Taylor, Surette van Staden and Hans Wagemaker. |
| xitsonga grammar: The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Translation Studies Defeng Li, John Corbett, 2024-10-28 This Handbook offers a comprehensive grounding in key issues of corpus-informed translation studies, while showcasing the diverse range of topics, applications, and developments of corpus linguistics. In recent decades there has been a proliferation of scholarly activity that applies corpus linguistics in diverse ways to translation studies (TS). The relative ease of availability of corpora and text analysis programs has made corpora an increasingly accessible and useful tool for practising translators and for scholars and students of translation studies. This Handbook first provides an overview of the discipline and presents detailed chapters on specific areas, such as the design and analysis of multilingual corpora; corpus analysis of the language of translated texts; the use of corpora to analyse literary translation; corpora and critical translation studies; and the application of corpora in specific fields, such as bilingual lexicography, machine translation, and cognitive translation studies. Addressing a range of core thematic areas in translation studies, the volume also covers the role corpora play in translator education and in aspects of the study of minority and endangered languages. The authors set the stage for the exploration of the intersection between corpus linguistics and translation studies, anticipating continued growth and refinement in the field. This volume provides an essential orientation for translators and TS scholars, teachers, and students who are interested in learning the applications of corpus linguistics to the practice and study of translation. |
| xitsonga grammar: Personal Names and Naming from an Anthropological-Linguistic Perspective Sambulo Ndlovu, 2023-08-07 This book fills a gap in the literature as it uniquely approaches onomastics from the perspective of both anthropology and linguistics. It addresses names and cultures from 16 countries and five continents, thus offering readers an opportunity to comprehend and compare names and naming practices across cultures. The chapters presented in this book explore the cultural significance of personal names, naming ceremonies, conventions and practices. They illustrate how these names and practices perform certain culture-specific functions, such as religion, identity and social activity. Some chapters address the socio-political significance of personal names and their expression of self and otherness. The book also links the linguistic structure of personal names to culture by looking at their morphology, syntax and semantics. It is divided into four sections: Section 1 demonstrates how personal names perform human culture, Section 2 focuses on how personal names index socio-political transitioning, Section 3 demonstrates religious values in personal names and naming, and Section 4 links linguistic structure and analysis of personal names to culture and heritage. |
| xitsonga grammar: The Cambridge Handbook of Korean Linguistics Sungdai Cho, John Whitman, 2022-08-25 The 'Korean wave' in music and film and Korea's rise to become the twelfth economic power in the world have boosted the world-wide popularity of Korean language study. The linguistic study of Korean, with its rich syntactic and phonological structure, complex writing system, and unique socio-historical context, is now a rapidly growing research area. Contributions from internationally renowned experts on the language provide a state-of-the-art overview of key current research in Korean language and linguistics. Chapters are divided into five thematic areas: phonetics and phonology, morphology and syntax, semantics and pragmatics, sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics, and language pedagogy. The Handbook includes cross-linguistic data to illuminate the features of Korean, and examples in Korean script, making it suitable for advanced students and researchers with or without prior knowledge of Korean linguistics. It is an essential resource for students and researchers wishing to explore the exciting and rapidly moving field of Korean linguistics. |
| xitsonga grammar: Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics Margie Berns, 2010-03-20 Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics formalizes, organizes and analyzes the relation of knowledge about language to decision-making in practice. It synthesizes research in psycholinguistics, educational linguistics and sociolinguistics, freely crossing subject fields to establish innovative and expert responses to some of the key debates in the field. Authored and compiled by leaders in their various specialties and collated and extensively re-edited from the award-winning Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Second Edition, this collection will be an ideal one-stop desk reference solution for any linguistics professional and researcher interested in how language operates at the leading edge. - Authoritative review of this dynamic field placed in an interdisciplinary context - Over 100 articles by leaders in the field - Compact and affordable single-volume format |
| xitsonga grammar: Silenced Voices Kwesi Kwaa Prah, 2003 |
| xitsonga grammar: Re-Envisioning and Restructuring Blended Learning for Underprivileged Communities Bosch, Chantelle, Laubscher, Dorothy Joy, Kyei-Blankson, Lydia, 2021-05-14 Challenges in the educational arena are not new phenomena. However, with the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers and educators have been made even more aware of the need for a paradigm shift in education. Blended learning, as opposed to fully online learning or traditional face-to-face teaching, has been well-researched and has been found to have the potential to provide better educational solutions in challenging contexts. These contexts range from pandemic situations where social distancing is the order of the day to financial and time constraints regarding full-time study, as well as limited physical capacity at institutions. Blended learning solutions are often designed for resourceful institutions and cannot be easily implemented in developing countries and in communities where resources are limited. Typical issues like connectivity, accessibility, lack of suitable devices, and affordability need to be taken into consideration and in cognizance of blended learning interventions. These challenges are often neglected in blended learning research but are critical discussions to be had. Re-Envisioning and Restructuring Blended Learning for Underprivileged Communities shares how institutions in the developing world and less privileged communities have re-imagined and restructured blended education to enhance teaching and learning for underprivileged communities. This book aims to address blended learning solutions across institutional, program, course, and activity levels. The chapters will cover a variety of learning environments, from rural settings to less developed countries and more, and explore the programs and courses designed to improve student success and accessibility in diverse student populations. This book is ideally intended for teachers, administrators, teacher educators, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students who are interested in blended learning opportunities in less-privileged settings and to underserved and marginalized populations. |
| xitsonga grammar: Language and Power in Post-Colonial Schooling Carolyn McKinney, 2016-07-15 Critiquing the positioning of children from non-dominant groups as linguistically deficient, this book aims to bridge the gap between theorizing of language in critical sociolinguistics and approaches to language in education. Carolyn McKinney uses the lens of linguistic ideologies—teachers’ and students’ beliefs about language—to shed light on the continuing problem of reproduction of linguistic inequality. Framed within global debates in sociolinguistics and applied linguistics, she examines the case of historically white schools in South Africa, a post-colonial context where political power has shifted but where the power of whiteness continues, to provide new insights into the complex relationships between language and power, and language and subjectivity. Implications for language curricula and policy in contexts of linguistic diversity are foregrounded. Providing an accessible overview of the scholarly literature on language ideologies and language as social practice and resource in multilingual contexts, Language and Power in Post-Colonial Schooling uses the conceptual tools it presents to analyze classroom interaction and ethnographic observations from the day-to-day life in case study schools and explores implications of both the research literature and the analyses of students’ and teachers’ discourses and practices for language in education policy and curriculum. |
| xitsonga grammar: Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World , 2010-04-06 Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World is an authoritative single-volume reference resource comprehensively describing the major languages and language families of the world. It will provide full descriptions of the phonology, semantics, morphology, and syntax of the world's major languages, giving insights into their structure, history and development, sounds, meaning, structure, and language family, thereby both highlighting their diversity for comparative study, and contextualizing them according to their genetic relationships and regional distribution.Based on the highly acclaimed and award-winning Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, this volume will provide an edited collection of almost 400 articles throughout which a representative subset of the world's major languages are unfolded and explained in up-to-date terminology and authoritative interpretation, by the leading scholars in linguistics. In highlighting the diversity of the world's languages — from the thriving to the endangered and extinct — this work will be the first point of call to any language expert interested in this huge area. No other single volume will match the extent of language coverage or the authority of the contributors of Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World. - Extraordinary breadth of coverage: a comprehensive selection of just under 400 articles covering the world's major languages, language families, and classification structures, issues and dispute - Peerless quality: based on 20 years of academic development on two editions of the leading reference resource in linguistics, Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics - Unique authorship: 350 of the world's leading experts brought together for one purpose - Exceptional editorial selection, review and validation process: Keith Brown and Sarah Ogilvie act as first-tier guarantors for article quality and coverage - Compact and affordable: one-volume format makes this suitable for personal study at any institution interested in areal, descriptive, or comparative language study - and at a fraction of the cost of the full encyclopedia |
| xitsonga grammar: Historical Dictionary of Mozambique Colin Darch, 2019 Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, New Edition contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has several hundred cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. |
| xitsonga grammar: Festschrift Rufus H. Gouws Willem Botha, Paul Mavoungou, Dion Nkomo, 2013-06-01 The range of languages covered by the lexicographicÿinvestigations reported on, e.g. Afrikaans, English,ÿNorthern Sotho, Yilumbu, Fang, French and Dutchÿis a clear indication of the wide-ranging influence ofÿRufus Gouws, to whom the work is dedicated. |
| xitsonga grammar: Library of Congress Catalogs Library of Congress, 1976 |
| xitsonga grammar: Library of Congress Catalog Library of Congress, 1970 A cumulative list of works represented by Library of Congress printed cards. |
| xitsonga grammar: Multilingualism and Electronic Language Management Walter Daelemans, 2005 |
| xitsonga grammar: The World in Your Hands. Vol 09. Marcelo Gameiro, 2024-07-30 Introducing the ultimate guide to exploring the world, All Countries of the World. This comprehensive book provides a wealth of information on every country on the planet, covering all aspects of their history, language, food, sports, nature, arts, religion, economy, education, people, culture, music, interesting facts, and geography. Each chapter dives deep into the unique features and characteristics of each country, providing insights into what makes them special and how they contribute to the diversity of our world. Whether you're an avid traveler, a curious learner, or simply someone who wants to expand their knowledge of the world, All Countries of the World is the perfect resource for you. With detailed information, this book will take you on a journey across the globe, discovering new and exciting places along the way. To test your comprehension and enhance your learning, multiple choice questions are provided at the end of each country's description, with answers included. Get ready to embark on an adventure like no other with All Countries of the World - the ultimate guide to exploring the world's rich and diverse cultures. |
| xitsonga grammar: Morpheme-internal Recursion in Phonology Kuniya Nasukawa, 2020-01-20 Generative phonology aims to formalise two distinct aspects of phonological processes: the functional and the representational. Since functions operate on representations, it is clear that the functional aspect is influenced by the form of representations, i.e. different types of representation require different types of rules, principles or constraints. This volume examines the representational issue in phonology and considers what kind of representation is most appropriate for recent models of generative phonology. In particular, it provides the first platform for debate on the place of morpheme-internal structure and on the formal status of phonology in the language faculty, and attempts to identify phonological recursive structure as a means of capturing frequently observed processes. |
| xitsonga grammar: Books and Children , 1998 The annual Zimbabwe International Book Fair is the cross-roads for all parts of the African book communities. The Indaba preceding the book fair has become the meeting place for interested parties from Africa, Europe, the US and the rest of the developing world. The 1998 theme of the fair was Books and Children, and this was the theme of the Indaba. These fifty-six papers, report-backs and discussions are all presentations or events at the 1998 Fair. The over-riding message is that there is a reading culture in Africa, but a shortage of books wanted and needed by children in Africa. The papers are grouped in five parts: those from the plenary sessions; Policy; Children's Literature; Scholarship and Research; and Access and Technology. |
| xitsonga grammar: Modern Dilemmas Dylan Kissane, Alexandru Volacu, 2014-03-01 Collective action problems are ubiquitous in situations involving human interactions and therefore lie at the heart of economy and political science. In one of the most salient statements on this topic, Elinor Ostrom, co-recipient of the 2009 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, even claims that the theory of collective action is the central subject of political science. The collection of essays presented in this timely volume targets the problem of collective action from both a theoretical and applied perspective. Its multidisciplinary approach makes it a valuable reading for students and scholars working in a number of different areas of study, such as political science, economy, political philosophy, public policies, comparative politics, and international relations. |
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