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| what was the war on poverty apex: War on Poverty United States. Office of Economic Opportunity, 1966-08 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: President Johnson's War On Poverty David Zarefsky, 2005-08-21 Illustrates the interweaving of rhetorical and historical forces in shaping public policy In January 1964, in his first State of the Union address, President Lyndon Johnson announced a declaration of “unconditional war” on poverty. By the end of the year the Economic Opportunity Act became law. The War on Poverty illustrates the interweaving of rhetorical and historical forces in shaping public policy. Zarefsky suggest that an important problem in the War on Poverty lay in its discourse. He assumes that language plays a central role in the formulation of social policy by shaping the context within which people view the social world. By terming the anti-poverty effort a war, President Johnson imparted significant symbolism to the effort: it called for total victory and gave confidence that the “war” was winnable. It influenced the definition of the enemy as an intergenerational cycle of poverty, rather than the shortcomings of the individual; and it led to the choice of community action, manpower programs, and prudent management as weapons and tactics. Each of these implications involves a choice of language and symbols, a decision about how to characterize and discuss the world. Zarefsky contends that each of these rhetorical choices was helpful to the Johnson administration in obtaining passage of the Economic Opportunity Ac of 1964, but that each choice invited redefinition or reinterpretation of a symbol in a way that threatened the program. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Examination of the War on Poverty Program United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on the War on Poverty Program, 1965 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Examination of the War on Poverty Program United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on the War on Poverty Program, 1965 Examines antipoverty programs implemented under the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Includes Congressional Presentation, by OEO, Apr. 1965, Volumes 1 and 2 (p. 81-320). |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Why America Lost the War on Poverty - and How to Win It , |
| what was the war on poverty apex: A News Summary of the War on Poverty United States. Office of Economic Opportunity, 1966 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Who Cares? Katherine S. Newman, Elisabeth S. Jacobs, 2010-03-15 Why major changes to America's social safety net have always required bold presidential leadership Americans like to think that they look after their own, especially in times of hardship. Particularly for the Great Depression and the Great Society eras, the collective memory is one of solidarity and compassion for the less fortunate. Who Cares? challenges this story by examining opinion polls and letters to presidents from average citizens. This evidence, some of it little known, reveals a much darker, more impatient attitude toward the poor, the unemployed, and the dispossessed during the 1930s and 1960s. Katherine Newman and Elisabeth Jacobs show that some of the social policies that Americans take for granted today suffered from declining public support just a few years after their inception. Yet Americans have been equally unenthusiastic about efforts to dismantle social programs once they are well established. Again contrary to popular belief, conservative Republicans had little public support in the 1980s and 1990s for their efforts to unravel the progressive heritage of the New Deal and the Great Society. Whether creating or rolling back such programs, leaders like Roosevelt, Johnson, Nixon, and Reagan often found themselves working against public opposition, and they left lasting legacies only by persevering despite it. Timely and surprising, Who Cares? demonstrates not that Americans are callous but that they are frequently ambivalent about public support for the poor. It also suggests that presidential leadership requires bold action, regardless of opinion polls. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Cotton Plantation South since the Civil War Charles S. Aiken, 2020-03-24 Winner of the J. B. Jackson Prize from the Association of American Geographers Originally published in 1998. The plantation, writes Charles Aiken, is among the most misunderstood institutions of American history. The demise of the plantation has been pronounced many times, but the large industrial farms survive as significant parts of, not just the South's, but the nation's agriculture.In this sweeping historical and geographical account, Aiken traces the development of the Southern cotton plantation since the Civil War—from the emergence of tenancy after 1865, through its decline during the Depression, to the post-World War Two development of the large industrial farm. Tracing the geographical changes in plantation agriculture and the plantation regions after 1865, Aiken shows how the altered landscape of the South has led many to the false conclusion that the plantation has vanished. In fact, he explains, while certain regions of the South have reverted to other uses, the cotton plantation survives in a form that is, in many ways, remarkably similar to that of its antebellum predecessors. Aiken also describes the evolving relationship of African-Americans to the cotton plantation during the thirteen decades of economic, social, and political changes from Reconstruction through the War on Poverty—including the impact of alterations in plantation agriculture and the mass migration of Southern blacks to the urban North during the twentieth century. Richly illustrated with more than 130 maps and photographs (many original and many from FSA photographers), The Cotton Plantation South is a vivid and colorful account of landscape, geography, race, politics, and civil rights as they relate to one of America's most enduring and familiar institutions. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Persistent Poverty of African Americans in the United States Daphne M. Cooper, 2024-10-01 The primary purpose of this book is to introduce and question the persistent poverty that exists among African Americans in the United States. It will provide scholars and policy makers with the needed context to understand what constitutes poverty, and how and why African Americans have remained persistently poor and underprivileged in the United States. This book will provide new knowledge that will be useful to improving public policy. This book focuses on the factors that have influenced public policies concerning African Americans. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: From the Ashes of the Old Stanley Aronowitz, 1998 Stanley Aronowitz, teacher, writer, and former trade union organizer, examines the decline of the labor movement in the past 25 years and its recent reemergence as a major player in the country's economic and political life. Aronowitz proposes a series of concrete, programmatic suggestions covering the principal challenges facing the labor movement today. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Examination of the War on Proverty Program, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on the War on Poverty Program, 89th Congress, 1st Session, 1965 United States. Congress. House. Education and Labor, 1965 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Enigmatic Academy Christian J. Churchill, Gerald Levy, 2011-06-15 The Enigmatic Academy is a provocative look at the purpose and practice of education in America. Authors Christian Churchill and Gerald Levy use three case studies—a liberal arts college, a boarding school, and a Job Corps center—to illustrate how class, bureaucratic, and secular-religious dimensions of education prepare youth for participation in American foreign and domestic policy at all levels. The authors describe how schools contribute to the formation of a bureaucratic character; how middle and upper class students are trained for leadership positions in corporations, government, and the military; and how the education of lower class students often serves more powerful classes and institutions. Exploring how youth and their educators encounter the complexities of ideology and bureaucracy in school, The Enigmatic Academy deepens our understanding of the flawed redemptive relationship between education and society in the United States. Paradoxically, these three studied schools all prepare students to participate in a society whose values they oppose. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Hearings United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education, 1965 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Divided by Choice Ryane McAuliffe Straus, 2025-08-05 How race and capitalism shape education School choice programs—such as vouchers, education savings accounts, and tax credit scholarships—are surrounded by controversy, raising questions about their impact on student diversity and inequality. In this book, Ryane McAuliffe Straus takes up a core part of this divisive debate, exploring why charter schools are reshaping America’s education system—and democracy—for the worse. Drawing on interviews with elected officials, policy entrepreneurs, parents, and activists in Albany, NY, Straus argues that charter schools are a poor alternative to failing public schools, ultimately worsening racial segregation under the guise of providing underprivileged students with access to better education. Taking a wide-ranging view, the author explores why parents, elected officials, and community activists may or may not choose to leave the public education system by enrolling their children in charter schools. Straus finds that when families of color leave public schools in favor of charter schools this removes their democratic voice and participation, diminishing their political power in a high-stakes area of public policy. Divided by Choice highlights the fundamental flaws of one solution to public education inequalities, at a time when racial tensions are at an all-time high. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 1965 The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873) |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Other America Michael Harrington, 1997-08 Examines the economic underworld of migrant farm workers, the aged, minority groups, and other economically underprivileged groups. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Working-class War Christian G. Appy, 1993 Working Class War explores the experiences and attitudes of the 2.5 million American enlisted men who served in Vietnam, painting a compelling portrait of the war as it was lived by the troops who fought it. While race and region were prominent factors, class was the most important element in determining who fought and died in Vietnam, as 80 percent of the enlisted men came from the poor or working class. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Promises to Keep Paul S. Boyer, 1999 This challenging and motivating text presents the experience of the U.S. in World War II as a backdrop for understanding recent developments and events in American history. Four principal interwoven themes trace 1) the pervasive impact of the Cold War, 2) the effects of social-protest movements among African-Americans, women, and other groups, 3) the sources and impact of economic, demographic, and cultural changes, and 4) a thorough examination of politics. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Progress and Poverty George, 1889 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Revolt of the Rich David Gibbs, 2024-06-18 Inequality in the United States has reached staggering proportions, with a massive share of wealth held by the very richest. How was such a dramatic shift in favor of a narrow elite possible in a democratic society? David N. Gibbs explores the forces that shaped the turn toward free market economics and wealth concentration and finds their roots in the 1970s. He argues that the political transformations of this period resulted from a “revolt of the rich,” whose defense of their class interests came at the expense of the American public. Drawing on extensive archival research, Gibbs examines how elites established broad coalitions that brought together business conservatives, social traditionalists, and militarists. At the very top, Richard Nixon’s administration quietly urged corporate executives to fund conservative think tanks and seeded federal agencies with free-market economists. Even Jimmy Carter’s ostensibly liberal administration brought deregulation to the financial sector along with the imposition of severe austerity measures that hurt the living standards of the working class. Through a potent influence campaign, academics and intellectuals sold laissez-faire to policy makers and the public, justifying choices to deregulate industry, cut social spending, curb organized labor, and offshore jobs, alongside expanding military interventions overseas. Shedding new light on the political alliances and policy decisions that tilted the playing field toward the ultrawealthy, Revolt of the Rich unveils the origins of today’s stark disparities. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Digital Literacy and Digital Inclusion Kim M. Thompson, Paul T. Jaeger, Natalie Greene Taylor, Mega Subramaniam, John Carlo Bertot, 2014-08-20 Digital Literacy and Digital Inclusion: Information Policy and the Public Library examines the interrelationships between digital literacy, digital inclusion, and public policy. This book emphasizes the impacts of these policy decisions on the ability of individuals and communities to successfully participate in the information society. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Social History of the United States [10 volumes] Brian Greenberg, Linda S. Watts, Richard A. Greenwald, Gordon Reavley, Alice L. George, Scott Beekman, Cecelia Bucki, Mark Ciabattari, John C. Stoner, Troy D. Paino, Laurie Mercier, Andrew Hunt, Peter C. Holloran, Nancy Cohen, 2008-10-23 This ten-volume encyclopedia explores the social history of 20th-century America in rich, authoritative detail, decade by decade, through the eyes of its everyday citizens. Social History of the United States is a cornerstone reference that tells the story of 20th-century America, examining the interplay of policies, events, and everyday life in each decade of the 1900s with unmatched authority, clarity, and insight. Spanning ten volumes and featuring the work of some of the foremost social historians working today, Social History of the United States bridges the gap between 20th-century history as it played out on the grand stage and history as it affected—and was affected by—citizens at the grassroots level. Covering each decade in a separate volume, this exhaustive work draws on the most compelling scholarship to identify important themes and institutions, explore daily life and working conditions across the economic spectrum, and examine all aspects of the American experience from a citizen's-eye view. Casting the spotlight on those whom history often leaves in the dark, Social History of the United States is an essential addition to any library collection. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Story of Modern Progress Willis Mason West, 1920 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Land News , 2010 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Handbook of Social Policy James Midgley, Michelle Livermore, 2009 'The Handbook of Social Policy' is a comprehensive examination of the development, implementation and impact of social policy. The contributors document the substantial body of knowledge about government social policies and their driving forces. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Hearings United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, 1967 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Yoga Journal , 2003-07 For more than 30 years, Yoga Journal has been helping readers achieve the balance and well-being they seek in their everyday lives. With every issue,Yoga Journal strives to inform and empower readers to make lifestyle choices that are healthy for their bodies and minds. We are dedicated to providing in-depth, thoughtful editorial on topics such as yoga, food, nutrition, fitness, wellness, travel, and fashion and beauty. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Elgar Companion to the World Bank Antje Vetterlein, Tobias Schmidtke, 2024-09-06 The Elgar Companion to The World Bank provides a comprehensive review of the past 80 years for this powerful development institution. Using different theoretical approaches from an expert group of scholars as well as practitioners, it presents an interdisciplinary exploration of the World Bank and the wider field of International Relations. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Research Handbook on International Law and Human Security Oberleitner, Gerd, 2022-10-14 This comprehensive Research Handbook considers the place of human security, both in practice and as a concept within international law, examining the preconditions for and consequences of applying human security to international legal thinking and practice. It also proposes a future international law in which human security is central to the law’s purpose. This title contains one or more Open Access chapters. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Instrumental University Ethan Schrum, 2019-06-15 In The Instrumental University, Ethan Schrum provides an illuminating genealogy of the educational environment in which administrators, professors, and students live and work today. After World War II, research universities in the United States underwent a profound mission change. The Instrumental University combines intellectual, institutional, and political history to reinterpret postwar American life through the changes in higher education. Acknowledging but rejecting the prevailing conception of the Cold War university largely dedicated to supporting national security, Schrum provides a more complete and contextualized account of the American research university between 1945 and 1970. Uncovering a pervasive instrumental understanding of higher education during that era, The Instrumental University shows that universities framed their mission around solving social problems and promoting economic development as central institutions in what would soon be called the knowledge economy. In so doing, these institutions took on more capitalistic and managerial tendencies and, as a result, marginalized founding ideals, such as pursuit of knowledge in academic disciplines and freedom of individual investigators. The technocratic turn eroded some practices that made the American university special. Yet, as Schrum suggests, the instrumental university was not yet the neoliberal university of the 1970s and onwards in which market considerations trumped all others. University of California president Clark Kerr and other innovators in higher education were driven by a progressive impulse that drew on an earlier tradition grounded in a concern for the common good and social welfare. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Latinos and Latinas at Risk Gabriel Gutiérrez, 2015-01-26 This two-volume collection of essays addresses the Latino/a experience in present-day America, covering six major areas of importance: education, health, family, children, teens, and violence. The Latino/a presence in this country predates the United States itself, yet this group is often marginalized in the American culture. Many noted experts explore the ideology behind this prejudicial attitude, examining how America views Latinos/as, how Latinos/as view themselves, and what the future of America will look like as this group progresses toward equitable treatment. Through the exploration process, the book reveals the complexity and diversity of this community, tracing the historical trajectories of those whose diverse points of origin could be from almost anywhere, including the Americas, Europe, or other places. Written with contemporary issues at the forefront, this timely collection looks at the resolve of the Latino people and considers their histories, contributions, concerns, and accomplishments. Pointed essays address disparate quality-of-life issues in education, health, and economic stability while depicting individual and group efforts in overcoming barriers to mainstream American society. Each chapter discusses key challenge areas for the Latino American population in everyday life. An engaging Further Investigations feature poses questions about most of the essays, leading to critical thinking about the most important topics affecting Latino/as today. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Women of War Suzanne Cope, 2025-04-29 The gripping, true, and untold history of the Italian anti-fascist resistance during World War II, told through the stories of four spectacularly courageous women fighters From underground soldiers to intrepid spies, Women of War unearths the hidden history of the brave women who risked their lives to overthrow the Nazi occupation and liberate Italy. Using primary sources and brand new scholarship, historian Suzanne Cope illuminates the roles played by women while Italians struggled under dual foes: Nazi invaders and Italian fascist loyalists. Cope’s research and storytelling introduces four brave and resourceful women who risked everything to overthrow the Nazi occupation and pry their future from the fascist grasp. We meet Carla Capponi in Rome, where she made bombs in an underground bunker then ferried them to their deadly destination wearing lipstick and a trenchcoat; and Bianca Guidetti Serra who rode her bicycle up switchbacks in the Alps, dodging bullets while delivering bags of clandestine newspapers and munitions to the anti-fascist armies hidden in the mountains. In Florence, the young future author of Italy’s new constitution, Teresa Mattei, carried secret messages and hid bombs; while Anita Malavasi led troops across the Apennine Mountains. Women of War brings their experiences as underground resistance fighters, partisan combatants, spies, and saboteurs to life. Essential and original, Women of War offers not only a reexamination of the elision of women from vital WWII history but also a valuable perspective on the ongoing fight for gender equality and social justice. After all, these were the women who launched a feminist movement as they fought for the future of their country, and what that could mean for its women, all while under Nazi and fascist fire. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Americana , 1923 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Tolstoy's War and Peace Predrag Cicovacki, 2024-06-07 Literature deals with the intrusion of the extraordinary into the ordinary. This intrusion may begin in a work's very first sentence, as in Kafka's The Trial: Somebody must have made a false accusation against Joseph K., for he was arrested one morning without having done anything wrong. Alternatively, it may be hinted at in the first sentences and more internally oriented, as in Dostoevsky's Notes from the Underground: I am a sick man ... I am a spiteful man. No, I am not a pleasant man at all. I believe there is something wrong with my liver. However, I don't know a damn thing about my liver; neither do I know whether there is anything really wrong with me. Tolstoy avoids such dramatic openings and introduces the extraordinary into the ordinary by means of storytelling. Literature, he believes, tells us stories about experiences that take us, temporarily or permanently, out of our comfort zone, off well-trodden paths. The story can be simple or complex, funny or tragic, about a small incident or the shattering of one's world. Using an example from Tolstoy's own What is Art?, the story could be about a boy who encounters a wolf in the forest yet manages to run back to the safety of his home to tell the story to his parents, or to anyone who is willing to listen. In War and Peace, the story is about a series of brutal wars that Russia fought against France between 1805 and 1812, in which the Russian troops were pushed to the brink of defeat but eventually managed to overpower Napoleon's invading army and reestablish peace-- |
| what was the war on poverty apex: New Perspectives on the Nigeria-Biafra War Chima J. Korieh, 2021-10-13 This book analyzes the impact of the Nigeria-Biafra war on the Igbo, the failure of the reconstruction and reconciliation effort in the post-war period, and the politics of exclusion of the memory of the war in public discourse in Nigeria, arguing that the war had lasting consequences for the socio-political developments in the post-war period. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Food Policy Janel Obenchain, Arlene Spark, 2015-08-26 Access to safe, adequate, and nutritionally balanced food is a cornerstone of public health. Food Policy: Looking Forward from the Past examines the influences of grassroots movements, the government, and industry on the US food systems. The authors explore the intersection of food and nutrition and how policy influences this overlap. They illumina |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Beyond Vietnam Robert Surbrug, 2009 History/United States/State & Local/New England |
| what was the war on poverty apex: History in Dispute Dennis E. Showalter, Paul DuQuenoy, 2000 |
| what was the war on poverty apex: Religion Around Bono Chad E. Seales, 2019-10-24 For many, U2’s Bono is an icon of both evangelical spirituality and secular moral activism. In this book, Chad E. Seales examines the religious and spiritual culture that has built up around the rock star over the course of his career and considers how Bono engages with that religion in his music and in his activism. Looking at Bono and his work within a wider critique of white American evangelicalism, Seales traces Bono’s career, from his background in religious groups in the 1970s to his rise to stardom in the 1980s and his relationship with political and economic figures, such as Jeffrey Sachs, Bill Clinton, and Jesse Helms. In doing so, Seales shows us a different Bono, one who uses the spiritual meaning of church tradition to advocate for the promise that free markets and for-profits will bring justice and freedom to the world’s poor. Engaging with scholarship in popular culture, music, religious studies, race, and economic development, Seales makes the compelling case that neoliberal capitalism is a religion and that Bono is its best-known celebrity revivalist. Engagingly written and bitingly critical, Religion Around Bono promises to transform our understanding of the rock star’s career and advocacy. Those interested in the intersection of rock music, religion, and activism will find Seales’s study provocative and enlightening. |
| what was the war on poverty apex: The Best of Intentions Irwin Unger, 1996 This landmark history of the people and politics behind the Great Society's social reforms--from welfare and Medicare and Medicaid to the NEA and Head Start--explores the reasons why these programs inevitably began to go awry, and explains why the current Republican Congress is attempting to overturn and dismantle them. |
War - Wikipedia
War is an armed conflict [a] between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such …
War | History, Causes, Types, Meaning, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
5 days ago · War, in the popular sense, a conflict between political groups involving hostilities of considerable duration and magnitude. Sociologists usually apply the term to such conflicts only if they are initiated and conducted in …
Israel Iran War Live Updates: Israel does not want mediation efforts ...
10 hours ago · Israel Iran War LIVE Updates: Hostilities between Israel and Iran have entered the fifth day after Israel refused any diplomatic overtures from Iran overnight to stop the ongoing conflict. In response, The Islamic Revolutionary …
War - National Geographic Society
Oct 1, 2024 · War is generally defined as violent conflict between states or nations.
War - New World Encyclopedia
By definition, wars are widespread and protracted with few exceptions, and are typified by extreme aggression, social disruption, and usually high mortality. The factors leading to war are often complicated and due to a range of issues.
War - Wikipedia
War is an armed conflict [a] between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity …
War | History, Causes, Types, Meaning, Examples, & Facts
5 days ago · War, in the popular sense, a conflict between political groups involving hostilities of considerable duration and magnitude. Sociologists usually apply the term to such conflicts only if …
Israel Iran War Live Updates: Israel does not want mediation efforts ...
10 hours ago · Israel Iran War LIVE Updates: Hostilities between Israel and Iran have entered the fifth day after Israel refused any diplomatic overtures from Iran overnight to stop the ongoing …
War - National Geographic Society
Oct 1, 2024 · War is generally defined as violent conflict between states or nations.
War - New World Encyclopedia
By definition, wars are widespread and protracted with few exceptions, and are typified by extreme aggression, social disruption, and usually high mortality. The factors leading to war are often …
Causes of War in History - World History Encyclopedia
May 16, 2025 · The origins of the First World War (1914-18) are many and varied, with... Article . The Causes of WWII. The origins of the Second World War (1939-45) may be traced back to...
Institute for the Study of War
Some peace deals lead to peace, others to more war. The Minsk II deal aimed to end Russia’s limited invasion of Ukraine in 2015 but instead laid the groundwork for the full-scale Russian invasion in …
WAR Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of WAR is a state of usually open and declared armed hostile conflict between states or nations. How to use war in a sentence.
With no clear exit strategy in Iran, Israel risks another war ... - CNN
1 day ago · Its ongoing war in Gaza, launched in 2023 after the October 7 attacks, was aimed at destroying Hamas and securing the release of all the hostages being held, but there is still no …
Israel-Iran Conflict LIVE: Israel Expects 'Several Waves' Of Iranian ...
4 days ago · Israel-Iran War News Live Updates: Israel’s latest airstrike on Iran once again showed how the Benjamin Netanyahu-led country uses clever planning and deception to protect itself …
