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| white captives of the comanche: Empire of the Summer Moon S. C. Gwynne, 2010-05-25 *Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Award* *A New York Times Notable Book* *Winner of the Texas Book Award and the Oklahoma Book Award* This New York Times bestseller and stunning historical account of the forty-year battle between Comanche Indians and white settlers for control of the American West “is nothing short of a revelation…will leave dust and blood on your jeans” (The New York Times Book Review). Empire of the Summer Moon spans two astonishing stories. The first traces the rise and fall of the Comanches, the most powerful Indian tribe in American history. The second entails one of the most remarkable narratives ever to come out of the Old West: the epic saga of the pioneer woman Cynthia Ann Parker and her mixed-blood son Quanah, who became the last and greatest chief of the Comanches. Although readers may be more familiar with the tribal names Apache and Sioux, it was in fact the legendary fighting ability of the Comanches that determined when the American West opened up. Comanche boys became adept bareback riders by age six; full Comanche braves were considered the best horsemen who ever rode. They were so masterful at war and so skillful with their arrows and lances that they stopped the northern drive of colonial Spain from Mexico and halted the French expansion westward from Louisiana. White settlers arriving in Texas from the eastern United States were surprised to find the frontier being rolled backward by Comanches incensed by the invasion of their tribal lands. The war with the Comanches lasted four decades, in effect holding up the development of the new American nation. Gwynne’s exhilarating account delivers a sweeping narrative that encompasses Spanish colonialism, the Civil War, the destruction of the buffalo herds, and the arrival of the railroads, and the amazing story of Cynthia Ann Parker and her son Quanah—a historical feast for anyone interested in how the United States came into being. Hailed by critics, S. C. Gwynne’s account of these events is meticulously researched, intellectually provocative, and, above all, thrillingly told. Empire of the Summer Moon announces him as a major new writer of American history. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Captured Scott Zesch, 2007-04-01 On New Year's Day in 1870, ten-year-old Adolph Korn was kidnapped by an Apache raiding party. Traded to Comaches, he thrived in the rough, nomadic existence, quickly becoming one of the tribe's fiercest warriors. Forcibly returned to his parents after three years, Korn never adjusted to life in white society. He spent his last years in a cave, all but forgotten by his family. That is, until Scott Zesch stumbled over his own great-great-great uncle's grave. Determined to understand how such a good boy could have become Indianized so completely, Zesch travels across the west, digging through archives, speaking with Comanche elders, and tracking eight other child captives from the region with hauntingly similar experiences. With a historians rigor and a novelists eye, Zesch's The Captured paints a vivid portrait of life on the Texas frontier, offering a rare account of captivity. A carefully written, well-researched contribution to Western history -- and to a promising new genre: the anthropology of the stolen. - Kirkus Reviews |
| white captives of the comanche: Comanche and Kiowa Captives in Oklahoma and Texas Hugh D. Corwin, 2012-08-01 |
| white captives of the comanche: Nine Years Among the Indians, 1870-1879 Herman Lehmann, 1927 |
| white captives of the comanche: Comanche Captive D. László Conhaim, 2017 Synopsis:A mother's determination, a stranger's help, a child's fate Scott Renald is an Indian agent searching for white captives. Laura Little is a former captive seeking her Comanche-born son. They meet unexpectedly on the high plains. Touched by her story, Renald leads Laura's search for her son while hostile tribesmen pursue them. Word of their predicament reaches Fort Sill, and agents are dispatched to grab her and recall him. Meanwhile, the army prepares for war with the Comanche. Circumstances propel all into a bloody conflict of competing loyalties and surprising discoveries against the scorched backdrop of the Staked Plain. When does a captive stop being a captive? Is rescue and return at some point a crueler form of abduction? Comanche Captive depicts what happens after the taken has been found--in Laura's case, forced separation from her child, unwanted psychiatric care, and finally the deadly consequences of her quest for her lost son. An adventure novel of depth and contemporary resonance, equal parts poignant drama and playful homage, Comanche Captive offers a cast of vivid characters faced with the challenges of a divided and yet increasingly blended world |
| white captives of the comanche: Indian Captive Lois Lenski, 2011-12-27 A Newbery Honor book inspired by the true story of a girl captured by a Shawnee war party in Colonial America and traded to a Seneca tribe. When twelve-year-old Mary Jemison and her family are captured by Shawnee raiders, she’s sure they’ll all be killed. Instead, Mary is separated from her siblings and traded to two Seneca sisters, who adopt her and make her one of their own. Mary misses her home, but the tribe is kind to her. She learns to plant crops, make clay pots, and sew moccasins, just as the other members do. Slowly, Mary realizes that the Indians are not the monsters she believed them to be. When Mary is given the chance to return to her world, will she want to leave the tribe that has become her family? This Newbery Honor book is based on the true story of Mary Jemison, the pioneer known as the “White Woman of the Genesee.” This ebook features an illustrated biography of Lois Lenski including rare images and never-before-seen documents from the author’s estate. |
| white captives of the comanche: A Fate Worse Than Death Gregory Michno, Susan Michno, 2007 Captivity narratives have been a standard genre of writings about Indians of the East for several centuries.a Until now, the West has been almost entirely neglected.a Now Gregory and Susan Michno have rectified that with this painstakenly researched collection of vivid and often brutal accounts of what happened to those men and women and children that were captured by marauding Indians during the settlement of the West. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Comanche Empire Pekka Hamalainen, 2008-10-01 A groundbreaking history of the rise and decline of the vast and imposing Native American empire. In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, a Native American empire rose to dominate the fiercely contested lands of the American Southwest, the southern Great Plains, and northern Mexico. This powerful empire, built by the Comanche Indians, eclipsed its various European rivals in military prowess, political prestige, economic power, commercial reach, and cultural influence. Yet, until now, the Comanche empire has gone unrecognized in American history. This compelling and original book uncovers the lost story of the Comanches. It is a story that challenges the idea of indigenous peoples as victims of European expansion and offers a new model for the history of colonial expansion, colonial frontiers, and Native-European relations in North America and elsewhere. Pekka Hämäläinen shows in vivid detail how the Comanches built their unique empire and resisted European colonization, and why they fell to defeat in 1875. With extensive knowledge and deep insight, the author brings into clear relief the Comanches’ remarkable impact on the trajectory of history. 2009 Winner of the Bancroft Prize in American History “Cutting-edge revisionist western history…. Immensely informative, particularly about activities in the eighteenth century.”—Larry McMurtry, The New York Review of Books “Exhilarating…a pleasure to read…. It is a nuanced account of the complex social, cultural, and biological interactions that the acquisition of the horse unleashed in North America, and a brilliant analysis of a Comanche social formation that dominated the Southern Plains.”—Richard White, author of The Middle Ground: Indians, Empires, and Republics in the Great Lakes Region, 1650-1815 |
| white captives of the comanche: The Conquest of Texas Gary Clayton Anderson, 2019-02-14 This is not your grandfather’s history of Texas. Portraying nineteenth-century Texas as a cauldron of racist violence, Gary Clayton Anderson shows that the ethnic warfare dominating the Texas frontier can best be described as ethnic cleansing. The Conquest of Texas is the story of the struggle between Anglos and Indians for land. Anderson tells how Scotch-Irish settlers clashed with farming tribes and then challenged the Comanches and Kiowas for their hunting grounds. Next, the decade-long conflict with Mexico merged with war against Indians. For fifty years Texas remained in a virtual state of war. Piercing the very heart of Lone Star mythology, Anderson tells how the Texas government encouraged the Texas Rangers to annihilate Indian villages, including women and children. This policy of terror succeeded: by the 1870s, Indians had been driven from central and western Texas. By confronting head-on the romanticized version of Texas history that made heroes out of Houston, Lamar, and Baylor, Anderson helps us understand that the history of the Lone Star state is darker and more complex than the mythmakers allowed. |
| white captives of the comanche: Chevato William Chebahtah, Nancy McGown Minor, 2007-01-01 Here is the oral history of the Apache warrior Chevato, who captured eleven-year-old Herman Lehmann from his Texas homestead in May 1870. Lehmann called him ?Bill Chiwat? and referred to him as both his captor and his friend. Chevato provides a Native American point of view on both the Apache and Comanche capture of children and specifics regarding the captivity of Lehmann known only to the Apache participants. Yet the capture of Lehmann was only one episode in Chevato?s life. ø Born in Mexico, Chevato was a Lipan Apache whose parents had been killed in a massacre by Mexican troops. He and his siblings fled across the Rio Grande and were taken in by the Mescalero Apaches of New Mexico. Chevato became a shaman and was responsible for introducing the Lipan form of the peyote ritual to both the Mescalero Apaches and later to the Comanches and the Kiowas. He went on to become one of the founders of the Native American Church in Oklahoma. ø The story of Chevato reveals important details regarding Lipan Apache shamanism and the origin and spread of the type of peyote rituals practiced today in the Native American community. This book also provides a rare glimpse into Lipan and Mescalero Apache life in the late nineteenth century, when the Lipans faced annihilation and the Mescaleros faced the reservation. |
| white captives of the comanche: Three Years Among the Camanches Nelson Lee, 1859 |
| white captives of the comanche: Women's Indian Captivity Narratives Various, 1998-11-01 Enthralling generations of readers, the narrative of capture by Native Americans is arguably the first American literary form dominated by the experiences of women. The ten selections in this anthology span the early history of this country (1682-1892) and range in literary style from fact-based narrations to largely fictional, spellbinding adventure stories. The women are variously victimized, triumphant, or, in the case of Mary Jemison, permantently transculturated. This collection includes well known pieces such as Mary Rowlandson's A True History (1682), Cotton Mather's version of Hannah Dunstan's infamous captivity and escape (after scalping her captors!), and the Panther Captivity, as well as lesser known texts. As Derounian-Stodola demonstrates in the introduction, the stories also raise questions about the motives of their (often male) narrators and promoters, who in many cases embellish melodrama to heighten anti-British and anti-Indian propaganda, shape the tales for ecclesiastical purposes, or romanticize them to exploit the growing popularity of sentimental fiction in order to boost sales. For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators. |
| white captives of the comanche: Seven and Nine Years Among the Camanches and Apaches Edwin Eastman, 1874 |
| white captives of the comanche: Comanches T.R. Fehrenbach, 2003-04-08 Authoritative and immediate, this is the classic account of the most powerful of the American Indian tribes. T.R. Fehrenbach traces the Comanches’ rise to power, from their prehistoric origins to their domination of the high plains for more than a century until their demise in the face of Anglo-American expansion. Master horseback riders who lived in teepees and hunted bison, the Comanches were stunning orators, disciplined warriors, and the finest makers of arrows. They lived by a strict legal code and worshipped within a cosmology of magic. As he portrays the Comanche lifestyle, Fehrenbach re-creates their doomed battle against European encroachment. While they destroyed the Spanish dream of colonizing North America and blocked the French advance into the Southwest, the Comanches ultimately fell before the Texas Rangers and the U.S. Army in the great raids and battles of the mid-nineteenth century. This is a classic American story, vividly and poignantly told. |
| white captives of the comanche: Frontier Blood Jo Ella Powell Exley, 2001 A must read for anyone with an interest in the far Southwest or Native American history. |
| white captives of the comanche: In the Bosom of the Comanches Theodore Adolphus Babb, 1912 Mr. Babb, a descendant of resolute venturesome pioneer stock, entered upon an eventful boyhood in the untamed wilds of the western border of Texas in a locality and period when the mounted Indian marauder with his panoply of war and death was often seen silhouetted against the distant horizon, at a time when the spectre of tragedy and desolation, of atrocious massacre, mutilation, captivity, and torture, cast its terrifying shadow athwart the fireside of every pioneer home; when, unheralded, cunning monsters of vindictive savage hate, here and there among the settlers, in unguarded repose or fancied security, sprang from stealthy ambush, from the wood-land's dark border, the sheltering hillside and gulch, or the shadowy lustre of an unwelcome fateful full moon, amid and unheeding the shrieks of horror and frenzied slaughter, mingled with the cries of anguish and prayers of women and children kneeling before their doom, they struck with the fangs of the most vicious, merciless, and unreasoning beast, and in their unrestrained and unresisted madness and ferocity, they left in the crimson wake a sickening chapter of ghastly human wreckage of whole families exterminated, in either a fiendish butchery or revolting captivity without a counter part in all the annals of every race and age since the hour of the dawn of Christendom, if not since the world began. |
| white captives of the comanche: Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians (Illustrated Edition) James Mooney, 2022-11-13 In 'Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians', James Mooney meticulously documents the traditional methods of timekeeping and seasonal ceremonies of the Kiowa tribe, providing a valuable insight into Native American cultural practices. Mooney employs an ethnographic approach, presenting detailed accounts of Kiowa lunar rituals and interpretations of celestial events. The book also includes illustrations to aid in understanding the complex calendar system utilized by the Kiowa people, making it an indispensable resource for scholars of Native American studies. Additionally, Mooney's writing style is both informative and engaging, offering a blend of anthropological analysis and historical narrative. This work serves as a unique contribution to the field of Indigenous studies, shedding light on the rich spiritual traditions of the Kiowa tribe. James Mooney, a renowned ethnographer and scholar of Native American culture, demonstrates a deep respect for the Kiowa people in his comprehensive study. His background in anthropology and fieldwork experience allowed him to accurately portray the intricacies of Kiowa calendar traditions. Mooney's dedication to preserving Indigenous knowledge through written records underscores his commitment to cultural preservation. I highly recommend 'Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians' to readers interested in exploring Native American cosmology and time-reckoning systems. This illustrated edition not only provides valuable insights into Kiowa culture but also offers a bridge to understanding the broader significance of Indigenous calendars in the study of world civilizations. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Boy Captives Clinton Lafayette Smith, 1927 A true narrative of the only known brothers to survive the hardships of captivity by hostile Indians in Texas. One brother was eventually adopted by a Comanche chief, the other sold to the notorious Geronimo. |
| white captives of the comanche: Narrative of My Captivity Among the Sioux Indians Fanny Kelly, 1873 |
| white captives of the comanche: Captured by the Indians Frederick Drimmer, 2012-04-27 Astounding eyewitness accounts of Indian captivity by people who lived to tell the tale. Fifteen true adventures recount suffering and torture, bloody massacres, relentless pursuits, miraculous escapes, and adoption into Indian tribes. |
| white captives of the comanche: Cynthia Ann Parker Grace Jackson, 2019-11-22 Cynthia Ann Parker, first published in 1959, is a fascinating account of the life of a girl of European descent, who at the age of about ten, was captured (along with her brother) in Texas by raiding Comanche. Cynthia would then grow up with her captors and live among the Comanche for the next 24 years. Parker was recaptured during the Battle of Pease River in 1860 and would spend the remaining 11 years with various members of her birth family. During her time with the Comanche, she married Peta Nocona, a chieftain, and had three children with him, including Quanah Parker, the last free Comanche chief. Cynthia Ann Parker never adjusted to the ways of the white man, and made at least one attempt to escape and return to her tribe. Included are 13 pages of photographs and a number of pen and ink drawings. |
| white captives of the comanche: Captives and Cousins James F. Brooks, 2011-04-25 This sweeping, richly evocative study examines the origins and legacies of a flourishing captive exchange economy within and among native American and Euramerican communities throughout the Southwest Borderlands from the Spanish colonial era to the end of the nineteenth century. Indigenous and colonial traditions of capture, servitude, and kinship met and meshed in the borderlands, forming a slave system in which victims symbolized social wealth, performed services for their masters, and produced material goods under the threat of violence. Slave and livestock raiding and trading among Apaches, Comanches, Kiowas, Navajos, Utes, and Spaniards provided labor resources, redistributed wealth, and fostered kin connections that integrated disparate and antagonistic groups even as these practices renewed cycles of violence and warfare. Always attentive to the corrosive effects of the slave trade on Indian and colonial societies, the book also explores slavery's centrality in intercultural trade, alliances, and communities of interest among groups often antagonistic to Spanish, Mexican, and American modernizing strategies. The extension of the moral and military campaigns of the American Civil War to the Southwest in a regional war against slavery brought differing forms of social stability but cost local communities much of their economic vitality and cultural flexibility. |
| white captives of the comanche: In the Bosom of the Comanches Theodore Adolphus Babb, 2018 |
| white captives of the comanche: Girl Captives of the Cheyennes Grace E. Meredith, 2012-10 |
| white captives of the comanche: Lakota America Pekka Hamalainen, 2019-10-22 The first comprehensive history of the Lakota Indians and their profound role in shaping America's history Named One of the New York Times Critics' Top Books of 2019 - Named One of the 10 Best History Books of 2019 by Smithsonian Magazine - Winner of the MPIBA Reading the West Book Award for narrative nonfiction Turned many of the stories I thought I knew about our nation inside out.--Cornelia Channing, Paris Review, Favorite Books of 2019 My favorite non-fiction book of this year.--Tyler Cowen, Bloomberg Opinion A briliant, bold, gripping history.--Simon Sebag Montefiore, London Evening Standard, Best Books of 2019 All nations deserve to have their stories told with this degree of attentiveness--Parul Sehgal, New York Times This first complete account of the Lakota Indians traces their rich and often surprising history from the early sixteenth to the early twenty-first century. Pekka Hämäläinen explores the Lakotas' roots as marginal hunter-gatherers and reveals how they reinvented themselves twice: first as a river people who dominated the Missouri Valley, America's great commercial artery, and then--in what was America's first sweeping westward expansion--as a horse people who ruled supreme on the vast high plains. The Lakotas are imprinted in American historical memory. Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull are iconic figures in the American imagination, but in this groundbreaking book they emerge as something different: the architects of Lakota America, an expansive and enduring Indigenous regime that commanded human fates in the North American interior for generations. Hämäläinen's deeply researched and engagingly written history places the Lakotas at the center of American history, and the results are revelatory. |
| white captives of the comanche: Life Among the Texas Indians David La Vere, 1998 Stories in the book are by or about the Indians of Texas after they settled in Indian Territory. |
| white captives of the comanche: Indian Depredations in Texas John Wesley Wilbarger, 1967 In 1889, when this book was first published, the depredations of the Indians upon the Texas settlements were still of recent memory, and the accounts still possess freshness and occasional ironic humor, despite the passage of over a century. |
| white captives of the comanche: The boy captives John Marvin Hunter, Clinton Lafayette Smith, Jefferson Davis Smith, 1986 |
| white captives of the comanche: Cynthia Ann Parker James T. DeShields, 1886 Author James T. DeShields' 1886 account of nine-year-old Cynthia Ann's abduction by the Comanches in the bloody raid on Fort Parker in 1836 is a compelling read and the record of a dark past in the Lone Star State's history. DeShield recounts Parker's life as a Comanche, her recapture a quarter-century later by Texas Rangers, and her last sad years forcefully separated from those who had become her people. Her story is profoundly enveloped in more pathos than perhaps any other of the soul-stirring episodes in America's pioneering past. |
| white captives of the comanche: Big Wonderful Thing Stephen Harrigan, 2019 The story of Texas is the story of struggle and triumph in a land of extremes. It is a story of drought and flood, invasion and war, boom and bust, and the myriad peoples who, over centuries of conflict, gave rise to a place that has helped shape the identity of the United States and the destiny of the world. |
| white captives of the comanche: Sanapia, Comanche Medicine Woman David E. Jones, 1972 An intimate portrait of the last surviving Comanche Eagle doctor! Life histories are an excellent means of crosscultural understanding. In detailing the life of a Comanche medicine woman who wanted her methods recorded, Jones demonstrated such an intense interest in her training and experiences as a shaman that Sanapia not only accepted him as a valued biographer but also adopted him as a son. Readers will enjoy this intimate portrait of the last surviving Comanche Eagle doctor, revealed in descriptive accounts of her ritual behavior, her attitude toward the profession, the paraphernalia she employed, and her function in Comanche society. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Comanche Willard H. Rollings, Ada Elizabeth Deer, 2009 Examines the culture, history, and changing fortunes of the Comanche Indians. |
| white captives of the comanche: Comanches T. R. Fehrenbach, 1994-08-21 Absolutely authoritative and immediate, this is the story of the most powerful of American Indian tribes, the Comanches (they called themselves the “true human beings”), who rode into modern history in a headlong collision with western civilization. T. R. Fehrenbach here recreates their rise to power, from their first harsh struggles for survival in the Eastern Rockies through uncounted generations who desperately resisted privation and suffering until they encountered and mastered the horse (first introduced by Spanish settlers). This is how, on horseback, the Comanches conquered and controlled the plains for more than a hundred years: destroying the ancient dreams of Spanish empire in North America, blocking the French advance into the Southwest, and becoming for more than sixty years the single greatest obstacle to Anglo-American expansion. Fehrenbach's history also tells how, at last, the Comanches themselves were conquered, falling before the Texas Rangers and the U.S. Army in the great raids and battles of the mid-nineteenth century—until, after the Civil War, only random clumps of tipis stood where once encampments had stretched for miles. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Comanches Thomas W. Kavanagh, 1999-01-01 This is the first in-depth historical study of Comanche social and political groups. Using the ethnohistorical method, Thomas W. Kavanagh traces the changes and continuities in Comanche politics from their earliest interactions with Europeans to their settlement on a reservation in present-day Oklahoma. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Earth is Weeping Peter Cozzens, 2016-10-25 Sunday Times' Best History Books of 2017 Winner of the Gilder Lehrman Prize for Military History Winner of the 2017 Caroline Bancroft History Prize Shortlisted for the Military History Magazine Book of the Year Award NOMINATED FOR THE 2017 PEN HESSELL-TILTMAN 'Extraordinary... Cozzens has stripped the myth from these stories, but he is such a superb writer that what remains is exquisite' The Times In a sweeping narrative, Peter Cozzens tells the gripping story of the wars that destroyed native ways of life as the American nation continued its expansion onto tribal lands after the Civil War, setting off a conflict that would last nearly three decades. By using original research and first-hand sources from both sides, Cozzens illuminates the encroachment experienced by the tribes and the tribal conflicts over whether to fight or make peace, and explores the squalid lives of soldiers posted to the frontier and the ethical quandaries faced by generals who often sympathized with their native enemies. Bringing together a cast of fascinating characters, including Custer, Sherman, Grant and a host of other military and political figures, as well as great native leaders such as Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, Geronimo and Red Cloud, The Earth is Weeping is the fullest account to date of how the West was won... and lost. |
| white captives of the comanche: The Handbook of Texas Walter Prescott Webb, Eldon Stephen Branda, 1952 Vol. 3: A supplement, edited by Eldon Stephen Branda. Includes bibliographical references. |
| white captives of the comanche: Comanche Woman (Large Print) Joan Johnston, 2003 Born to a white father and his Indian bride, Long Quiet believed his destiny lay with his Comanche brothers. But his heart secretly belonged to Bayleigh Stewart, daughter of the richest cotton planter in Texas, who'd been abducted by a marauding brave and sold to the highest bidder. |
| white captives of the comanche: Cinematic Comanches Dustin Tahmahkera, 2022 Cinematic Comanches engages in a description and critical appraisal of Indigenous hype, visual representation, and audience reception of Comanche culture and history through the 2013 Disney film The Lone Ranger. |
| white captives of the comanche: Battles of Texas Joseph P. Regan LTC USAR (ret), 2023-08-01 My book is an anthology of various battles fought in Texas from the year 1758 to 1874. The manuscript is directed at readers who have an interest in Texas or military history. I chose those battles I believe had the most dramatic impact on the course of Texas history. As a military historian, I focused on critical decisions by individual commanders. As much as possible, I tried to use the Battle Analysis System developed by the US Army Command and General Staff College to look at all aspects of a military engagement (strategy, leadership, weather and terrain, etc.) and how these influenced the battle. |
| white captives of the comanche: Hollywood's Frontier Captives Barbara A. Mortimer, 2018-10-24 The captivity narrative, the earliest genre of American popular literature, continues to be of cultural significance in late 20th-century Hollywood. Many popular films of the last four decades incorporate the most common elements of the captivity narrative tradition, including a politically contested frontier setting and a plot involving innocent, family-oriented white Americans held captive by hostile, culturally alien natives. At the same time, these films offer something new to the narrative tradition: they focus on the captive who resists rescue and the challenge this resistance poses to American cultural self-confidence. By focusing on the lost captive, these films, beginning with The Searchers (1956), deal with questions about American identity raised by a white American's cultural and potentially political transformation. Films as diverse as Little Big Man, Taxi Driver, and The Deer Hunter adapted the captivity narrative's conventions to criticize aspects of contemporary American society and reject outworn models of male heroism; at the same time, however, they retained the genre's traditional assumption of white superiority and its fear of female sexuality. Bibliography. Index. |
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