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| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Method and Related Writings Rene Descartes, 2000-03-01 It is not enough to have a good mind; it is more important to use it well René Descartes was a central figure in the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century. In his Discourse on Method he outlined the contrast between mathematics and experimental sciences, and the extent to which each one can achieve certainty. Drawing on his own work in geometry, optics, astronomy and physiology, Descartes developed the hypothetical method that characterizes modern science, and this soon came to replace the traditional techniques derived from Aristotle. Many of Descartes’ most radical ideas—such as the disparity between our perceptions and the realities that cause them—have been highly influential in the development of modern philosophy. This edition sets the Discourse on Method in the wider context of Descartes’ work, with the Rules for Guiding One’s Intelligence in Searching for the Truth (1628), extracts from The World (1633) and selected letters from 1636-9. A companion volume, Meditations and Other Metaphysical Writings, is also published in Penguin Classics. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on the Method and the Meditations Rene Descartes, 2008-12-01 I perceived it to be possible to arrive at knowledge highly useful in life; and in room of the Speculative Philosophy usually taught in the Schools, to discover a Practical, by means of which, knowing the force and action of fire, water, air, the stars, the heavens, and all the other bodies that surround us, as distinctly as we know the various crafts of our artizans, we might also apply them in the same way to all the uses to which they are adapted, and thus render ourselves the lords and possessors of nature. from Part VI of Discourse on the Method Sometimes called the father of modern philosophy, French mathematician, scientist, and writer RENE DESCARTES (15961650) continues to have a deeply profound impact on our modern world. His thinking on how the mind works and what is it capable of has profoundly impacted our understanding of ourselveshe summed up his philosophy with the phrase I think, therefore I am, which still thrills usand his influence extends to our own experiments with modern computing and artificial intelligence. Here, in one volume, are two of the great thinkers most significant works: [ Discourse on the Method was written in French and first published in 1637 under the full title Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason, and Seeking Truth in the Sciencesits treatise on the value of doubt and skepticism when studying the natural world laid the foundation for the modern scientific method as we still employ it today. [ Meditations, originally subtitled In which the existence of God and the immortality of the soul are demonstrated, was written in Latin and first published in 1641here, Descartes considers that nature of the human mind, how we can know whatwe know, and the essence of material things. Essential reading for understanding both todays science and todays philosophy, these foundational works are here presented in the 1901 edition of the 1850 English translations by Scottish poet, philosopher, and historian JOHN VEITCH (18291894). |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Method and Meditations René Descartes, 2012-03-06 Is it possible to be certain of anything? If so, how? The father of modern philosophy and the founder of rational method in philosophical thought, René Descartes (1596–1650) sought the answers to these questions and in doing so, addressed the most important of methods of thinking and understanding truth. In Discourse on Method, he applies a scientific approach to philosophy that comprises four principles: to accept only what reason recognizes as clear and distinct; to analyze complex ideas by dividing them into smaller elements; to reconstruct the ideas; and to make accurate and complete enumerations of the data. His Meditations proceed according to this method, exploring the mind/body distinction, the nature of truth and error, the existence of God, and the essence of material things. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Method René Descartes, 2012-07-01 This is an English translation of Descartes' seminal discourse, with an original essay by Richard Kennington. This text is designed to provide the student with a close translation, notes, and a glossary of key terms, facilitating access to ideas as they originally were presented and helping to make the translator's work transparent. Focus Philosophical Library translations are close to and are non-interpretative of the original text, with the notes and a glossary intending to provide the reader with some sense of the terms and the concepts as they were understood by Decartes' immediate audience. The Focus Philosophical Library publishes clear, faithful editions enabling access for modern students to the essential ideas and wisdom of the world’s greatest thinkers. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Socrates Meets Descartes Peter Kreeft, 2007-01-01 This is the 5th volume in the series of popular volumes by Peter Kreeft, in which the Father of Philosophy, Socrates, cross-examines various other important philosophers and thinkers (in previous books he examined Marx, Sarte, Machiavelli, and Socrates himself.) Kreeft states that Socrates and Descartes are perhaps the two most important philosophers who have ever lived, because they are the two who made the most difference to all philosophy after them. These two fathers of philosophy stand at the beginning of the two basic philosophical options: the classical and the modern. Kreeft focuses on seven features that unite these two major philosophers and distinguish them from all others. So this dialog between Socrates and Descartes is a dialog between the fundamental stages in the history of philosophy, the history of consciousness, and the history of Western culture. Like his other works in this popular series, this book is profound and witty reading that makes for an entertaining and insightful exploration of modern philosophy. It will appeal to both the common reader as well as to those more philosophically inclined. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Meditations of First Philosophy René Descartes, 1987 |
| who wrote discourse on method: Meditations and Other Metaphysical Writings René Descartes, 2003-08-28 Of all the works of the man claimed by many as the father of modern philosophy, the MEDITATIONS, first published in 1641, must surely be Rene Descartes' masterpiece. This volume consists of not only a new translation of the original Latin text and the expanded objections and replies, but also includes selected correspondence and other metaphysical writings from the period 1641-49. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Descartes' Bones Russell Shorto, 2009-08-25 Sixteen years after René Descartes' death in Stockholm in 1650, a pious French ambassador exhumed the remains of the controversial philosopher to transport them back to Paris. Thus began a 350-year saga that saw Descartes' bones traverse a continent, passing between kings, philosophers, poets, and painters. But as Russell Shorto shows in this deeply engaging book, Descartes' bones also played a role in some of the most momentous episodes in history, which are also part of the philosopher's metaphorical remains: the birth of science, the rise of democracy, and the earliest debates between reason and faith. Descartes' Bones is a flesh-and-blood story about the battle between religion and rationalism that rages to this day. A New York Times Notable Book |
| who wrote discourse on method: A Discourse on the Method René Descartes, 2006-01-12 'I concluded that I was a substance whose whole essence or nature resides only in thinking, and which, in order to exist, has no need of place and is not dependent on any material thing.' Descartes's A Discourse on the Method of Correctly Conducting One's Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences marks a watershed in European thought; in it, the author provides an informal intellectual autobiography in the vernacular for a non-specialist readership, sweeps away all previous philosophical traditions, and sets out in brief his radical new philosophy, which begins with a proof of the existence of the self (the famous 'cogito ergo sum'), next deduces from it the existence and nature of God, and ends by offering a radical new account of the physical world and of human and animal nature. This new translation is accompanied by a substantial introductory essay which draws on Descartes's correspondence to examine his motivation and the impact of his great work on his contemporaries. Detailed notes explain his philosophical terminology and ideas. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Method (Third Edition) René Descartes, Donald A. Cress, 1998-03-13 By far the most widely used translation in North American college classrooms, Donald A. Cress's translation from the French of the Adam and Tannery critical edition is prized for its accuracy, elegance, and economy. The translation featured in the Third Edition has been thoroughly revised from the 1979 First Edition and includes pages references to the critical edition for ease of comparison. |
| who wrote discourse on method: A Discourse on the Method René Descartes, 2006-01-12 Descartes's A Discourse on the Method of Correctly Conducting One's Reason and Seeking the Truth in the Sciences marks a watershed in European thought; in it, the author provides an informal intellectual autobiography in the vernacular for a non-specialist readership, sweeps away all previous philosophical traditions, and sets out in brief his radical new philosophy. - ;'I concluded that I was a substance whose whole essence or nature resides only in thinking, and which, in order to exist, has no need of place and is not dependent on any material thing.' Descartes's A Discourse on the Method of Correctly Conducting One's Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences marks a watershed in European thought; in it, the author provides an informal intellectual autobiography in the vernacular for a non-specialist readership, sweeps away all previous philosophical traditions, and sets out in brief his radical new philosophy, which begins with a proof of the existence of the self (the famous 'cogito ergo sum'), next deduces from it the existence and nature of God, and ends by offering a radical new account of the physical world and of human and animal nature. This new translation is accompanied by a substantial introductory essay which draws on Descartes's correspondence to examine his motivation and the impact of his great work on his contemporaries. Detailed notes explain his philosophical terminology and ideas. - ;...what sets this edition apart is its substantial introduction...its copious explanatory notes...The translation is clean and clear. Overall the work is to be recommended. - Roger Ariew, Modern Languages Review, vol 102, part 1;'The care and accuracy of Ian Maclean's new translation are immediately apparentThis edition is remarkable for the ample introductory material which will be of great use to beginners and specialists alike[it] displays impeccable erudition and exemplary clarity.' s - ;The challenge for any translator, as Maclean acknowledges, is to make it accessible to a new generation of readers, without anachronism if possible. This objective is achieved admirably in this edition by informed and confident choices in English...and the addition of explanatory notes when necessary. - French Studies |
| who wrote discourse on method: Passions of the Soul René Descartes, 1989-12-15 TABLE OF CONTENTS: Translator's Introduction Introduction by Genevieve Rodis-Lewis The Passions of the Soul: Preface PART I: About the Passions in General, and Incidentally about the Entire Nature of Man PART II: About the Number and Order of the Passions, and the Explanation of the Six Primitives PART III: About the Particular Passions Lexicon: Index to Lexicon Bibliography Index Index Locorum |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on the Method and Meditations on First Philosophy René Descartes, 2024-12-07 DISCOURSE ON THE METHOD AND MEDITATIONS ON FIRST PHILOSOPHY TOGETHER IN ONE VOLUME Discourse on the Method is a philosophical and autobiographical treatise published by René Descartes in 1637. Discourse on the Method is one of the most influential works in the history of modern philosophy, and important to the development of natural sciences. Meditations on First Philosophy is a philosophical treatise by René Descartes first published in 1641. The book is made up of six meditations, in which Descartes first discards all belief in things that are not absolutely certain, and then tries to establish what can be known for sure. He wrote the meditations as if he had meditated for six days: each meditation refers to the last one as yesterday. (In fact, Descartes began work on the Meditations in 1639.) One of the most influential philosophical texts ever written, it is widely read to this day. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Metaphysics Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von Leibniz, 1902 I flatter myself that I have learned something by following in the tracks of Plato and others, and have reached, in one way at least, the serene temples erected by the teachings of the wise. These temples are built on a foundation of general truths which do not depend on facts and yet, as I see it, form the key to the knowledge which passes judgment on facts...I have always striven to uncover the truth that lies buried under and dispersed among the various philosophical schools, and to bring it into harmony with itself. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon Lawrence Nolan, 2015-01-01 The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon is the definitive reference source on René Descartes, 'the father of modern philosophy' and arguably among the most important philosophers of all time. Examining the full range of Descartes' achievements and legacy, it includes 256 in-depth entries that explain key concepts relating to his thought. Cumulatively they uncover interpretative disputes, trace his influences, and explain how his work was received by critics and developed by followers. There are entries on topics such as certainty, cogito ergo sum, doubt, dualism, free will, God, geometry, happiness, human being, knowledge, Meditations on First Philosophy, mind, passion, physics, and virtue, which are written by the largest and most distinguished team of Cartesian scholars ever assembled for a collaborative research project - 92 contributors from ten countries. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Rules for the Direction of the Mind René Descartes, 2024-05-09 Descartes is rightly considered the father of modern philosophy - Schopenhauer A modern translation of Descartes' famous work Rules for the Direction of the Mind. This edition contains a timeline of Descartes' life and works, a glossary of Cartesian terminology, and Afterword by the translator that explains the significance of Descartes' contributions to modern philosophy and science, particularly his method of skepticism and rationalism. This scholarly apparatus nests this work into Descartes' larger body of work and the place of his philosophy into the broader history of western ideology. Descartes' focus on clear, logical reasoning is a hallmark of his philosophy, and his influence on fields such as mathematics and physics is profound, with his work laying the foundation for later scientific advances. Here, Descartes lays out a method for approaching problems and seeking knowledge. The importance of this work lies in the fact that it established the scientific method as a way of investigating the world, and had a significant influence on the development of modern science. This work is one of the foundational texts of Western Philosophy according to Nietzsche and Schopenhauer. Rules for the Direction of the Mind, Regulae ad directionem ingenii (sometimes translated Cartesian Discipline), represents Descartes' ambitious attempt to establish a universal method for attaining truth, though he never completed the planned 36 rules, stopping at 21. Written during his formative years in the Netherlands, this unfinished work lays out his vision for a unified scientific method based on mathematical reasoning, marking a decisive break from the Scholastic tradition that dominated European universities. The text articulates several key principles that would become foundational to Cartesian philosophy: the need to accept only clear and distinct ideas as true, the importance of breaking complex problems into simpler components, and the power of mathematical reasoning as a model for all rational inquiry. His emphasis on systematic doubt and methodical analysis emerges clearly here, though in a less radical form than in his later works. What makes the Regulae particularly fascinating is how it reveals Descartes wrestling with fundamental questions about human knowledge and understanding. Unlike his later works, which often begin with metaphysical foundations, the Regulae approaches epistemology through practical methodology - how can we reliably distinguish truth from falsehood? Here we see Descartes developing his characteristic focus on method over content, arguing that the right way of thinking matters more than accumulated knowledge. The text's unfinished state offers unique insights into his evolving thought, showing him working through problems that would later crystallize in the Discourse on Method and Meditations. The work remained unpublished during his lifetime, first appearing in a Dutch translation in 1684, but its influence can be traced through his subsequent writings. Written around 1628 but unpublished during his lifetime, this work outlines his approach to knowledge and scientific inquiry. In this treatise, Descartes presents 21 rules designed to guide the mind toward truth through a structured method of reasoning. Although incomplete, it laid the groundwork for his later development of the Cartesian method, which emphasized clarity, logical deduction, and the importance of starting with self-evident truths. The work was heavily influenced by mathematics, which Descartes admired for its certainty and precision. His central goal was to find a method that could apply the same level of rigor to all areas of human knowledge, not just mathematics. The Rules also highlight Descartes' break with scholasticism and his desire to reject traditional methods of inquiry based on authority and ancient texts. He advocates the direct use of reason and intuition, urging the thinker to discard unnecessary complexity and focus on simple, clear ideas that can be built upon. This work is significant because it marks the early development of Descartes' methodological skepticism, which he would later refine into his famous cogito, ergo sum (I think, therefore I am) in his Meditations. The Rules represent a transitional phase in Descartes' thought, bridging the gap between Renaissance humanism and the systematic, analytical philosophy he would pioneer in the modern era. |
| who wrote discourse on method: An Introduction to Discourse Analysis James Paul Gee, 2014-02-03 Discourse analysis considers how language, both spoken and written, enacts social and cultural perspectives and identities. Assuming no prior knowledge of linguistics, An Introduction to Discourse Analysis examines the field and presents James Paul Gee’s unique integrated approach which incorporates both a theory of language-in-use and a method of research. An Introduction to Discourse Analysis can be used as a stand-alone textbook or ideally used in conjunction with the practical companion title How to do Discourse Analysis: A Toolkit. Together they provide the complete resource for students studying discourse analysis. Updated throughout, the fourth edition of this seminal textbook also includes two new chapters: ‘What is Discourse?’ to further understanding of the topic, as well as a new concluding section. A new companion website www.routledge.com/cw/gee features a frequently asked questions section, additional tasks to support understanding, a glossary and free access to journal articles by James Paul Gee. Clearly structured and written in a highly accessible style, An Introduction to Discourse Analysis includes perspectives from a variety of approaches and disciplines, including applied linguistics, education, psychology, anthropology and communication to help students and scholars from a range of backgrounds to formulate their own views on discourse and engage in their own discourse analysis. This is an essential textbook for all advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of discourse analysis. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Cambridge Companion to Descartes John Cottingham, 1992-09-25 Descartes occupies a position of pivotal importance as one of the founding fathers of modern philosophy; he is, perhaps the most widely studied of all philosophers. In this authoritative collection an international team of leading scholars in Cartesian studies present the full range of Descartes' extraordinary philosophical achievement. His life and the development of his thought, as well as the intellectual background to and reception of his work, are treated at length. At the core of the volume are a group of chapters on his metaphysics: the celebrated 'Cogito' argument, the proofs of God's existence, the 'Cartesian circle' and the dualistic theory of the mind and its relation to his theological and scientific views. Other chapters cover the philosophical implications of his work in algebra, his place in the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, the structure of his physics, and his work on physiology and psychology. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Cambridge Foucault Lexicon Leonard Lawlor, John Nale, 2014-04-21 The Cambridge Foucault Lexicon is a reference tool that provides clear and incisive definitions and descriptions of all of Foucault's major terms and influences, including history, knowledge, language, philosophy, and power. It also includes entries on philosophers about whom Foucault wrote and who influenced Foucault's thinking, such as Deleuze, Heidegger, Nietzsche, and Canguilhem. The entries are written by scholars of Foucault from a variety of disciplines such as philosophy, gender studies, political science, and history. Together, they shed light on concepts key to Foucault and to ongoing discussions of his work today. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Method, Meditations and Philosophy of Descartes René Descartes, 1937 |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Principles of Philosophy Rene Descartes, 2016-07-31 inished as to lead me to expect that the work will be more generally read in French than in Latin, and better understood. The only apprehension I entertain is lest the title should deter some who have not been brought up to letters, or with whom philosophy is in bad repute, because the kind they were taught has proved unsatisfactory; and this makes me think that it will be useful to add a preface to it for the purpose of showing what the MATTER of the work is, what END I had in view in writing it, and what UTILITY may be derived from it. But although it might be my part to write a preface of this nature, seeing I ought to know those particulars better than any other person, I cannot nevertheless prevail upon myself to do anything more than merely to give a summary of the chief points that fall, as I think, to be discussed in it: and I leave it to your discretion to present to the public such part of them as you shall judge proper. I should have desired, in the first place, to explain in it what philoso |
| who wrote discourse on method: 10 Books that Screwed Up the World Benjamin Wiker, 2008-05-06 You’ve heard of the Great Books? These are their evil opposites. From Machiavelli's The Prince to Alfred Kinsey’s Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, from Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto to Margaret Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa, these influential books have led to war, genocide, totalitarian oppression, the breakdown of the family, and disastrous social experiments. And yet the toxic ideas peddled in these books are more popular and pervasive than ever. In fact, they might influence your own thinking without your realizing it. Fortunately, Professor Benjamin Wiker is ready with an antidote, exposing the beguiling errors in each of these evil books. Witty, learned, and provocative, 10 Books That Screwed Up the World provides a quick education in the worst ideas in human history and explains how we can avoid them in the future. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Meditations, Objections, and Replies René Descartes, 2006-03-30 This edition features reliable, accessible translations; useful editorial materials; and a straightforward presentation of the Objections and Replies, including the objections from Caterus, Arnauld, and Hobbes, accompanied by Descartes' replies, in their entirety. The letter serving as a reply to Gassendi--in which several of Descartes' associates present Gassendi's best arguments and Descartes' replies--conveys the highlights and important issues of their notoriously extended exchange. Roger Ariew's illuminating Introduction discusses the Meditations and the intellectual environment surrounding its reception. |
| who wrote discourse on method: An Introduction to Discourse Analysis James Paul Gee, 2005 Assuming no prior knowledge of linguistics, the author presents both a theory of language in-use & a method of research. This new edition has been completely revised with substantial new material & fully updated references. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Tyranny of Science Paul K. Feyerabend, 2011-05-06 Paul Feyerabend is one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century and his book Against Method is an international bestseller. In this new book he masterfully weaves together the main elements of his mature philosophy into a gripping tale: the story of the rise of rationalism in Ancient Greece that eventually led to the entrenchment of a mythical ‘scientific worldview’. In this wide-ranging and accessible book Feyerabend challenges some modern myths about science, including the myth that ‘science is successful’. He argues that some very basic assumptions about science are simply false and that substantial parts of scientific ideology were created on the basis of superficial generalizations that led to absurd misconceptions about the nature of human life. Far from solving the pressing problems of our age, such as war and poverty, scientific theorizing glorifies ephemeral generalities, at the cost of confronting the real particulars that make life meaningful. Objectivity and generality are based on abstraction, and as such, they come at a high price. For abstraction drives a wedge between our thoughts and our experience, resulting in the degeneration of both. Theoreticians, as opposed to practitioners, tend to impose a tyranny on the concepts they use, abstracting away from the subjective experience that makes life meaningful. Feyerabend concludes by arguing that practical experience is a better guide to reality than any theory, by itself, ever could be, and he stresses that there is no tyranny that cannot be resisted, even if it is exerted with the best possible intentions. Provocative and iconoclastic, The Tyranny of Science is one of Feyerabend’s last books and one of his best. It will be widely read by everyone interested in the role that science has played, and continues to play, in the shaping of the modern world. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on the Method René Descartes, 2024-05-09 Descartes was the first to bring to light the idea of a transcendental science, which is to contain a system of knowledge of the conditions of possibility of all knowledge. - Kant A modern translation of Descartes' famous work Discourse on Method. The full original title of this work was Discourse on Method to lead one's reason well and to seek the truth in sciences plus Dioptric, Meteors and Geometry. This edition contains a timeline of Descartes' life and works, a glossary of Cartesian terminology, and Afterword by the translator that explains the significance of Descartes' contributions to modern philosophy and science, particularly his method of skepticism and rationalism. This scholarly apparatus nests this work into Descartes' larger body of work and the place of his philosophy into the broader history of western ideology. Descartes' focus on clear, logical reasoning is a hallmark of his philosophy, and his influence on fields such as mathematics and physics is profound, with his work laying the foundation for later scientific advances. René Descartes' Cartesian Method is of great historical importance because it laid the foundation for modern scientific and philosophical inquiry. Written in the early 17th century, these rules represent a turning point in Western thought, moving away from scholasticism, which relied heavily on Aristotelian traditions and church doctrines, and toward a method of inquiry based on reason and evidence. Descartes' approach emphasized systematic doubt and the use of methodical reasoning to uncover fundamental truths. This was revolutionary at a time when philosophical inquiry was often intertwined with religious and metaphysical assumptions. Written as an intellectual autobiography, the text charts his journey from skepticism to certainty through the development of a new philosophical method based on systematic doubt. Here Descartes first presents his famous cogito argument - I think, therefore I am - as an unshakeable foundation for knowledge, though in a less formal manner than his later Meditations. The work's accessibility masks its radical nature: by grounding certainty in individual reason rather than traditional authority, Descartes effectively undermines the entire edifice of medieval scholasticism while providing a new foundation for scientific knowledge. These rules were crucial to the development of the scientific method and influenced the way future generations of thinkers approached problems in both philosophy and science. By emphasizing clarity, order, and the use of simple, self-evident truths as the basis for more complex reasoning, Descartes provided a model for empirical investigation and rational inquiry that would later inform the work of thinkers such as Isaac Newton and Immanuel Kant. Moreover, the focus on doubt and questioning as a means of arriving at certainty set the stage for modern skepticism and analytic philosophy. Overall, Descartes' rules helped usher in the Age of Enlightenment by fostering a spirit of inquiry that challenged dogma and expanded the boundaries of human knowledge. The Discourse served as an introduction to three scientific essays (Dioptrics, Meteors, and Geometry), positioning itself as both philosophical manifesto and practical demonstration of his method. In describing how he arrived at his method, Descartes presents a carefully constructed narrative of intellectual development that simultaneously validates his approach while protecting himself from theological controversy. His four rules of method - accept only clear and distinct ideas, divide problems into manageable parts, proceed from simple to complex, and review thoroughly - appear deceptively simple but represent a fundamental shift in how knowledge could be pursued and validated. The work's influence extends far beyond philosophy, helping establish both the scientific method and the modern notion of the autonomous rational subject. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Keats's Odes Anahid Nersessian, 2022-11-08 When I say this book is a love story, I mean it is about things that cannot be gotten over-like this world, and some of the people in it. In 1819, the poet John Keats wrote six poems that would become known as the Great Odes. Some of them-Ode to a Nightingale, To Autumn-are among the most celebrated poems in the English language. Anahid Nersessian here collects and elucidates each of the odes and offers a meditative, personal essay in response to each, revealing why these poems still have so much to say to us, especially in a time of ongoing political crisis. Her Keats is an unflinching antagonist of modern life-of capitalism, of the British Empire, of the destruction of the planet-as well as a passionate idealist for whom every poem is a love poem. The book emerges from Nersessian's lifelong attachment to Keats's poetry; but more, it is a love story: between me and Keats, and not just Keats. Drawing on experiences from her own life, Nersessian celebrates Keats even as she grieves him and counts her own losses-and Nersessian, like Keats, has a passionate awareness of the reality of human suffering, but also a willingness to explore the possibility that the world, at least, could still be saved. Intimate and speculative, this brilliant mix of the poetic and the personal will find its home among the numerous fans of Keats's enduring work. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on Free Will Desiderius Erasmus, Martin Luther, 2013-06-27 Desiderius Eramsus (1466/9-1536) was the most renowned scholar of his age, a celebrated humanist and Classicist, and the first teacher of Greek at Cambridge. An influential figure in the Protestant Reformation, though without ever breaking from the Church himself, he satirised both human folly and the corruption of the Church. Martin Luther (1483-1546) was the founder of the German Reformation. His 95 Theses became a manifesto for reform of the Catholic Church and led to his being tried for heresy. He remained in Germany, Professor of Biblical Exegesis at the University of Wittenburg, until his death, publishing a large number of works, including three major treatises and a translation of the New Testament into German. Comprising Erasmus's The Free Will and Luther's The Bondage of the Will, Discourse on Free Will is a landmark text in the history of Protestantism. Encapsulating the perspective on free will of two of the most important figures in the history of Christianity, it remains to this day a powerful, thought-provoking and timely work. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Being and Time Martin Heidegger, 2008-07-22 What is the meaning of being? This is the central question of Martin Heidegger's profoundly important work, in which the great philosopher seeks to explain the basic problems of existence. A central influence on later philosophy, literature, art, and criticism—as well as existentialism and much of postmodern thought—Being and Time forever changed the intellectual map of the modern world. As Richard Rorty wrote in the New York Times Book Review, You cannot read most of the important thinkers of recent times without taking Heidegger's thought into account. This first paperback edition of John Macquarrie and Edward Robinson's definitive translation also features a new foreword by Heidegger scholar Taylor Carman. |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Discourses of Epictetus Epictetus, 2021-10-19 The Discourses of Epictetus Epictetus - The books did not have a formal title in ancient times. Although Simplicius called them Diatribai other writers gave them titles such as Dialexis , and Homiliai . The modern name comes from the titles given in the earliest medieval manuscript: Arrian's Diatribai of Epictetus . The Greek word Diatribai literally means informal talks.As to the date, it is generally agreed that the Discourses were composed sometime in the years around 108 AD. Epictetus himself refers to the coins of Trajan, which shows he was teaching during that reign. Arrian was suffect consul in around 130, and since forty-two was the standard age for that position, he would have been at the right age of around twenty in 108. Furthermore the commissioner of the free cities to whom Discourse iii. 7 is addressed is thought to be the same man Pliny the Younger addresses his Letter viii. 24a letter which has been dated to around 108. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Daoist Meditation Wu Jyh Cherng, 2014-09-21 This translation of Discourse on Sitting and Forgetting, an 8th century classic Chinese text on meditation, is accompanied by an explanatory introduction and commentary. Master Cherng explains the text in a way that can be fully understood by the Western reader and explains how to practice the Purification of the Heart method of meditation. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Discourse on the Origin of Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2023-11-16 In Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, Jean-Jacques Rousseau presents a profound philosophical examination of the social constructs that give rise to inequality among men. Written in 1755, the work adopts a strikingly eloquent and often provocative style, blending historical analysis with a speculative account of human development. Rousseau delineates two forms of inequality: natural and moral, critiquing the ways in which societal structures distort human equality and freedoms. His inquiry situates itself within the broader intellectual currents of the Enlightenment, contrasting starkly with the prevailing notions of progress and civilization that justified social hierarchies. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a pivotal figure in Enlightenment thought, drew from his own experiences of social alienation and his belief in the inherent goodness of man to write this influential text. His formative years in Geneva, coupled with his passion for music, education, and political philosophy, fueled a desire to question the status quo and grapple with the moral implications of contemporary society. These influences culminate in a work that challenges readers to reconsider the moral foundation of their political structures and societal norms. Discourse on the Origin of Inequality is essential reading for anyone interested in political philosophy, social justice, or the foundational principles of modern democratic thought. Rousseau's ability to articulate the paradoxes of human society invites deep reflection and critical engagement, making this discourse not only historically significant but also strikingly relevant in contemporary discussions about inequality. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Edison's Eve Gaby Wood, 2003-07-08 During the eighteenth century, the inventor Jacques de Vaucanson created a mechanical duck that seemingly could digest and excrete its food. A few decades later, Europeans fell in love with “the Turk,” a celebrated chess-playing machine built in 1769. Thomas Edison was obsessed for years with making a talking mechanical doll, one of his few failures as an inventor. In our own time, scientists at MIT are trying to build a robot with emotions of its own. What lies behind our age-old pursuit to create mechanical life? What does this pursuit tell us about human nature? In Edison’s Eve Gaby Wood traces the history of robotics, from its most brilliant inventions to its most ingenious hoaxes. Joining lively anecdote with literary, cultural, and philosophical insights, Wood offers a captivating and learned work of science and history. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Logic; Or, The Art of Thinking Antoine Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, 1850 |
| who wrote discourse on method: Descartes' Meditations, Bro Tommy Maranges, 2015-10-01 |
| who wrote discourse on method: Descartes's Theory of Mind Desmond M. Clarke, 2005 Descartes is possibly the most famous of all writers on the mind, but his theory of mind has been almost universally misunderstood, because his philosophy has not been seen in the context of his scientific work. Desmond Clarke offers a radical and convincing rereading, undoing the received perception of Descartes as the chief defender of mind/body dualism. For Clarke, the key is to interpret his philosophical efforts as an attempt to reconcile his scientific pursuits with the theologically orthodox views of his time. |
| who wrote discourse on method: Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot Jean Le Rond d' Alembert, Walter E. Rex, 2012-07-01 |
| who wrote discourse on method: Meditations of First Philosophy René Descartes, 2006-10 One of the most outstanding books ever written on philosophy. It touches the questions regarding God and the human soul and seeks truth in science. The reader passes through stages of meditation with the assistance of a unique narrator. It provokes deep thoughts amongst the readers. Magnificent and incredible!... |
| who wrote discourse on method: The Philosophical Writings of Descartes: Volume 1 René Descartes, 1985 A completely new translation of the works of Descartes is intended to replace the Haldane and Ross edition, first published in 1911. All material from that edition is translated here, with a number of other texts crucial for understanding Cartesian philosophy. |
| who wrote discourse on method: An Idiot’s Fugitive Essays on Science C. Truesdell, 2012-12-06 When, after the agreeable fatigues of solicitation, Mrs Millamant set out a long bill of conditions subject to which she might by degrees dwindle into a wife, Mirabell offered in return the condition that he might not thereby be beyond measure enlarged into a husband. With age and experience in research come the twin dangers of dwindling into a philosopher of science while being enlarged into a dotard. The philosophy of science, I believe, should not be the preserve of senile scientists and of teachers of philosophy who have themselves never so much as understood the contents of a textbook of theoretical physics, let alone done a bit of mathematical research or even enjoyed the confidence of a creating scientist. On the latter count I run no risk: Any reader will see that I am untrained (though not altogether unread) in classroom philosophy. Of no ignorance of mine do I boast, indeed I regret it, but neither do I find this one ignorance fatal here, for few indeed of the great philosophers to explicate whose works hodiernal professors of phil osophy destroy forests of pulp were themselves so broadly and specially trained as are their scholiasts. In attempt to palliate the former count I have chosen to collect works written over the past thirty years, some of them not published before, and I include only a few very recent essays. |
WROTE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of WROTE is to form (characters, symbols, etc.) on a surface with an instrument (such as a pen). How to use wrote in a sentence.
Wrote or Written: Which Is Correct? (With Examples) - Two Minute …
Mar 28, 2024 · “Wrote” is used alone, while “written” is part of the perfect tenses and must be accompanied by an auxiliary verb. So, when to use wrote or when to use written? …
WROTE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
He wrote prolifically, publishing his ideas in books, pamphlets, magazines and newspapers. From the Cambridge English Corpus Moreover, not all government correspondents wrote for official …
Wrote or Written: Which Is Correct? (Helpful Examples)
“Wrote” is correct when we use it to talk about “writing” in the past. It’s the simple past tense of the verb “to write.” “Written” is never correct on its own because it’s the past participle of “to …
WROTE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
See examples of WROTE used in a sentence.
When to Use Written vs. Wrote - YourDictionary
Feb 26, 2020 · Wrote is the simple past tense of "to write." Written is the past participle of "to write." So, what do simple past tense and past participle mean? That is where you'll find the …
Wrote - definition of wrote by The Free Dictionary
1. to trace or form (characters, letters, words, etc.), esp. on paper, with a pen, pencil, or other instrument or means: Write your name on each page. 2. to express or communicate in writing: …
WROTE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
She wrote a letter to a friend of Joao Ribeiro's, a mathematics professor at Cambridge called Louis Greig. → the past tense of write.... Click for English pronunciations, examples sentences, …
wrote verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes ...
Definition of wrote verb in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
What’s the Past Tense of Write? Wrote or Written?
Jun 6, 2025 · The post explains that “wrote” is the simple past tense of “write”. It’s used for completed actions in the past and stands alone without a helper verb, as shown in “She wrote …
WROTE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of WROTE is to form (characters, symbols, etc.) on a surface with an instrument (such as a pen). How to use wrote in a sentence.
Wrote or Written: Which Is Correct? (With Examples) - Two …
Mar 28, 2024 · “Wrote” is used alone, while “written” is part of the perfect tenses and must be accompanied by an auxiliary verb. So, when to use wrote or when to use written? …
WROTE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
He wrote prolifically, publishing his ideas in books, pamphlets, magazines and newspapers. From the Cambridge English Corpus Moreover, not all government correspondents wrote for official …
Wrote or Written: Which Is Correct? (Helpful Examples)
“Wrote” is correct when we use it to talk about “writing” in the past. It’s the simple past tense of the verb “to write.” “Written” is never correct on its own because it’s the past participle of “to write.” …
WROTE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
See examples of WROTE used in a sentence.
When to Use Written vs. Wrote - YourDictionary
Feb 26, 2020 · Wrote is the simple past tense of "to write." Written is the past participle of "to write." So, what do simple past tense and past participle mean? That is where you'll find the …
Wrote - definition of wrote by The Free Dictionary
1. to trace or form (characters, letters, words, etc.), esp. on paper, with a pen, pencil, or other instrument or means: Write your name on each page. 2. to express or communicate in writing: …
WROTE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
She wrote a letter to a friend of Joao Ribeiro's, a mathematics professor at Cambridge called Louis Greig. → the past tense of write.... Click for English pronunciations, examples …
wrote verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes ...
Definition of wrote verb in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
What’s the Past Tense of Write? Wrote or Written?
Jun 6, 2025 · The post explains that “wrote” is the simple past tense of “write”. It’s used for completed actions in the past and stands alone without a helper verb, as shown in “She wrote …
