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| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Two Powers in Heaven Segal, 1977-12 In this study of the rabbinic heretics who believed in Two Powers in Heaven, Alan Segal explores some relationships between rabbinic Judaism, Merkabah mysticism, and early Christianity. Two Powers in Heaven was a very early category of heresy. It was one of the basic categories by which the rabbis perceived the new phenomenon of Christianity and one of the central issues over which Judaism and Christianity separated. Segal reconstructs the development of the heresy through prudent dating of the stages of the rabbinic traditions. The basic heresy involved interpreting scripture to say that a principal angelic or hypostatic manifestation in heaven was equivalent to God. The earliest heretics believed in two complementary powers in heaven, while later heretics believed in two opposing powers in heaven. Segal stresses the importance of perceiving the relevance of rabbinic material for solving traditional problems of New Testament and gnostic scholarship, and at the same time maintains the necessity of reading those literatures for dating rabbinic material. Please note that Two Powers in Heaven was previously published by Brill in hardback, ISBN 90 04 05453 7 (no longer available). |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Who Did Jesus Think He Was? Estate of J.C. O'Neill, 2021-08-30 This book questions the lives of Jesus that say he did not think of himself as Messiah. It argues that Jews held that the Messiah would at first come to suffer and even to die. The Messiah could not say who he was; he would act as Messiah, waiting for God the Father to announce him king. The sayings of Jesus claiming or hinting that he was the Messiah are inauthentic in those respects, yet Jesus knew he was the Messiah. He knew he could be wrong, being fully human and fully divine, so he could be tempted. He died willingly for the sins of the world. He and other Jews believed in the Trinity. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Reversing Hermon Michael S. Heiser, 2017-03-15 Reversing Hermon is a groundbreaking work. It unveils what most in the modern Church have never heard regarding how the story of the sin of the Watchers in 1 Enoch 6-16 helped frame the mission of Jesus, the messiah. Jews of the first century expected the messiah to reverse the impact of the Watchers' transgression. For Jews of Jesus' day, the Watchers were part of the explanation for why the world was so profoundly depraved. The messiah would not just revoke the claim of Satan on human souls and estrangement from God, solving the predicament of the Fall. He would also not only bring the nations back into relationship with the true God by defeating the principalities and powers that governed them. Jews also believed that the messiah would rescue humanity from self-destruction, the catalyst for which was the sin of the Watchers and the influence of what they had taught humankind. The role of Enoch's retelling of Genesis 6:1-4 in how New Testament writers wrote of Jesus and the cross has been largely lost to a modern audience. Reversing Hermon rectifies that situation. Topics include:* How the ancient Mesopotamian story of the apkallu aligns with Gen 6:1-4, was preserved in 1 Enoch, and sets the stage for the theme of reversing the evil of the Watchers* How the theme of reversing the transgression of the Watchers colors the gospel accounts of the birth of Jesus, his genealogy, and his ministry.* How the writings of Peter and Paul allude to the sin of the Watchers and present Jesus as overturning the disastrous effects of their sins against humanity.* How the descriptions of the antichrist, the end-times Day of the Lord, and the final judgment connect to Genesis 6 and the nephilim.Though every topic addressed in Reversing Hermon can be found in scholarly academic literature, Reversing Hermon is the first book to gather this information and make it accessible to Bible students everywhere. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Supernatural Heiser, Michael S., 2015-11-10 Dr. Michael S. Heiser presents fifteen years of research on what the Bible really says about the unseen world of the supernatural, unfiltered by tradition or by theological presuppositions. Who were the sons of God? Who were the Nephilim? Where do angels fit into the supernatural hierarchy? What relation does Jesus bear to the rest of the supernatural world? Heiser tackles these questions and many more as he shines a light on the ancient context of Scripture. After reading this book, you may never read your Bible the same way again. In Supernatural, Heiser takes the core message from his recent best-seller, The Unseen Realm, and presents it for the person in the pew. He offers the same approach to reading and understanding Scripture, but without all the extra footnotes and supporting information needed for the scholarly treatment. “We can’t believe what we don’t understand. In Supernatural, Michael Heiser helps us to do both. It may open your eyes to the scripture in a new way.” —John Ortberg, author of If You Want to Walk on Water, You’ve Got to Get Out of the Boat |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Demons Michael S. Heiser, 2020-04-29 The truth about demons is far stranger—and even more fascinating—than what's commonly believed. Are demons real? Are they red creatures with goatees holding pitchforks and sitting on people's shoulders while whispering bad things? Did a third of the angels really rebel with Satan? Are demons and principalities and powers just terms for the same entities, or are they different members of the kingdom of darkness? Is the world a chaotic mess because of what happened in Eden, or is there more to the story of evil? What people believed about evil spiritual forces in ancient biblical times is often very different than what people have been led to believe about them today. And this ancient worldview is missing from most attempts to treat the topic. In Demons, Michael Heiser debunks popular presuppositions about the very real powers of darkness. Rather than traditions, stories, speculations, or myths, Demons is grounded in what ancient people of both the Old and New Testament eras believed about evil spiritual forces and in what the Bible actually says. You'll come away with a sound, biblical understanding of demons, supernatural rebellion, evil spirits, and spiritual warfare. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Two Gods in Heaven Peter Schäfer, 2020-03-03 In this book Peter Schäfer casts light on the common assumption that Judaism from its earliest formulations was strictly monotheistic. Over and over again in the Hebrew Bible the biblical writers insist upon the idea that there is one and only one God. But the biblical text is multifarious and contains many sources that subvert from within the strong monotheistic thesis. Old Canaanite deities such as Baal and El, although pushed to the edges, prove stubbornly persistent. They come to the forefront in, for example, the famous Son of Man of chapter 7 of the Book of Daniel. In sum, Schäfer argues that monotheism was an ideal in ancient Judaism that was consistently aspired to, but never fully achieved. Through close textual analysis of the Bible and certain key post-biblical sources, Schäfer tracks the long history of a second, younger, subordinate God next to the senior Jewish God YHWH. One might expect that with early Christianity's embrace of this idea (in the form of Jesus Christ), Judaism would have abandoned it utterly. But the opposite was the case. Even after Christianity usurps the original Jewish notion of a second, younger God, certain post-biblical Jewish circles-in particular early Jewish mystical circles-maintained and revived it with the archangel Metatron, a controversial figure whose very existence is questioned and fiercely debated by the rabbis of the Babylonian Talmud. This book was originally published in Germany by C.H. Beck Verlag in 2016-- |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Bible Unfiltered Michael S. Heiser, 2017-10-04 The Bible is mysterious, surprising—and often deeply misunderstood. Dr. Michael Heiser, an expert in the ancient near east and author of the best selling The Unseen Realm, explores the most unusual, interesting, and least understood parts of the Bible and offers insights that will inspire, inform, and surprise you on every page. Dr. Heiser has helped to remind the church of the supernatural worldview of the Bible. In The Bible Unfiltered, you will see his methods and expertise applied to dozens of specific passages and topics. Gleaned from his years working as Faithlife's scholar-in-residence, this is some of the very best of Dr. Heiser's work. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Angels Michael S. Heiser, 2018-09-19 What does the Bible really tell us about the heavenly host? Everyone knows that angels have wings, usually carry harps, and that each of us has our own personal guardian angel, right? We all have some preconceptions about angels from movies, television shows, and other media, but you might be surprised to know that a lot of those notions aren't based on anything from the Bible. If you read Luke 1:26-38 and imagine the angel Gabriel standing before Mary with neatly folded white wings, you're not getting that picture from anything the Bible itself says. What the Bible really says about angels is overlooked or filtered through popular myths. This book was written to help change that. It's a book about the loyal members of God's heavenly host, and while most people associate them with the word angel, that's just one of many terms the Bible uses for supernatural beings. In The Unseen Realm, Michael Heiser opened the eyes of thousands to seeing the Bible through the supernatural worldview of the ancient world it was written in. In his latest book, Angels, Dr. Heiser reveals what the Bible really says about God's supernatural servants. Heiser focuses on loyal, holy heavenly beings because the Bible has a lot more to say about them than most people suspect. Most people presume all there is to know about angels is what has been passed on in Christian tradition, but in reality, that tradition is quite incomplete and often inaccurate. Angels is not guided by traditions, stories, speculations, or myths about angels. Heiser's study is grounded in the terms the Bible itself uses to describe members of God's heavenly host; he examines the terms in their biblical context while drawing on insights from the wider context of the ancient Near Eastern world. The Bible's view on heavenly beings begins with Old Testament terms but then moves into literature from the Second Temple period--Jewish writings from around the 5th century BC to the 1st century AD. This literature from the time between the Old Testament and the New Testament influenced the New Testament writers in significant ways. With that important background established, the book focuses on what the New Testament tells us about God's holy ones. Finally, the book reflects on common misconceptions about angels and addresses why the topic is still important and relevant for Christians today. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Portent Michael S. Heiser, 2014-08-27 Ancient conspiracy. Relentless evil. The hunt for answers continues. The climactic ending of The Façade left Brian Scott and Melissa Kelley with only each other--and the terrible secrets they carry. The Portent finds them living under new identities, their future clouded by constant fear of being exposed. By the time Brian and Melissa learn they're being watched, their carefully constructed lives will be over. Follow Brian and Melissa into the center of an unthinkably vast, centuries-old conspiracy, conceived to turn the faith of millions against itself. Revelations from ancient tombs, long-forgotten Nazi experiments, UFOs, occult mythologies, biblical theology, and godlike technologies converge in answer to a terrifying question: Now that they are here, what do they want? |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Powers of Darkness Clinton E. Arnold, 2025-09-02 Satan worship. Witches. New Age channelers. The last two decades of the twentieth century witnessed a vast upsurge in occult activity. Scores of popular books have warned Christians of the dangers and urged them to do battle against these spiritual forces. Few books, however, have developed a careful biblical theology on demons, principalities and powers. Clinton Arnold seeks to fill this gap, providing an in-depth look at Paul's letters and what they teach on the subject. For perspective, he examines first-century Greek, Roman and Jewish beliefs as well as Jesus' teaching about magic, sorcery, and divination. Arguing against many recent interpretations that have seen principalities and powers as impersonal social, economic and political structures, Arnold contends that the New Testament view is that such forces are organized, personal beings which Jesus defeated at the cross and will bring into full subjection at his return. In his concluding section, Arnold suggests practical ways in which Christians today can contend with the forces of evil. Powers of Darkness is a thoughtful, biblical look at an urgent challenge facing the church. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Crucible of Faith Philip Jenkins, 2017-09-19 One of America's foremost scholars of religion examines the tumultuous era that gave birth to the modern Judeo-Christian tradition In The Crucible of Faith, Philip Jenkins argues that much of the Judeo-Christian tradition we know today was born between 250-50 BCE, during a turbulent Crucible Era. It was during these years that Judaism grappled with Hellenizing forces and produced new religious ideas that reflected and responded to their changing world. By the time of the fall of the Temple in 70 CE, concepts that might once have seemed bizarre became normalized-and thus passed on to Christianity and later Islam. Drawing widely on contemporary sources from outside the canonical Old and New Testaments, Jenkins reveals an era of political violence and social upheaval that ultimately gave birth to entirely new ideas about religion, the afterlife, Creation and the Fall, and the nature of God and Satan. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Disobedient Spirits and Christian Baptism Bo Reicke, 2005-02-21 Bo Ivar Reicke (1914-1987) was born and schooled in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1933 he matriculated in the Faculty of Arts of the University of Stockholm, transferring, however, in 1935 to the University of Uppsala, where in 1937 he received his degree in the areas of the history of religions and classical Greek and philosophy. From 1938 he continued his studies in the Faculty of Theology of the same university. Graduating in 1941, he became ordained in December of the same year as a minister of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Sweden. He immediately continued with doctoral studies, choosing the exegesis of the Old and New Testaments as his field of research. In May 1946 he presented in print and publicly defended his dissertation, The Disobedient Spirits and Christian Baptism: A Study of 1 Pet. III.19 and Its Context, [Acta Seminarii Neotestamentici Upsaliensis Edenda Curavit A. Fridrichsen, 13] (Lund 1946). In the official statement to the university, his New Testament teacher, Professor A. Fridrichsen, describes the dissertation as a weighty contribution to the solution of an old exegetical problem and goes on to recommend the author for a position on the Uppsala Faculty. In the following years, Reicke taught New Testament exegesis as assistant professor in his home faculty. In September of 1953 he received the call of the Faculty of Theology of the University of Basel, Switzerland, to fill the chair in New Testament. Moving to Basel with his family, Reicke served there for thirty years until his retirement in 1984. In addition to lecturing around the world and training about forty doctoral students, he was the author of a number of books (see below). Still actively writing and lecturing, Bo Reicke died in Basel in May of 1987. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Synoptic Problem Mark Goodacre, 2004-06-15 A lively, readable and up-to-date guide to the Synoptic Problem, ideal for undergraduate students, and the general reader. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: I Dare You Not to Bore Me with the Bible Heiser, Michael S., 2014-01-20 The Bible is filled with passages that are so baffling we tend to ignore them. Yet the passages that seem weird might be the most important. This collection of essays from Bible Study Magazine will shock you, intrigue you, and completely change the way you view the Bible. Dr. Michael S. Heiser visits some of the Bible's most obscure passages, unveiling their ancient context to help you interpret them today. Read this book, and you'll never be bored by the Bible again. Part One: Old Testament The Ancient's Guide to the Galaxy Walk Like an Israelite Even the Bible Needed Upgrading Spellchecking the Bible Why Circumcision? The Abandoned Child and the Basket Case A Tale of Courage We Never Teach Counting the Ten Commandments Is There Really a Sin Offering? There's a Devil in the Details Love Potion: Numbers 5 Is My Bible Right? The Most Horrific Bible Story Righting a Wrong When Giants Walked the Earth The Divine Arrow Promise Undelivered? Sanctified Dirt 1003 BC Census: Who Authorized It-God or Satan? Cookin' the Books Slaying the Sea Monster Does God Need a Co-Signer? The Witness in the Clouds Who Wrote the Book of Proverbs? Immanuel's Mother: Virgin or Not? Standing in the Council Jeremiah: Double Vision? Why the Ark of the Covenant Will Never Be Found He, Him, Me, Myself, and I Bizarre Visions for the Worst of Times Do the Dead Sea Scrolls Answer the Canon Question? Part Two: New Testament Burying Hell My Guardian Angel The New Testament Misquotes the Old Testament? I Saw Satan Fall like Lightning: When? The Healing Serpent Who Took Verse 4 out of My Bible? What Walking on Water Really Means Born Again ... and Again and Again? Dumbledore Meets Philip & Peter Paul's Lost Letters Destiny & Destination A Female Apostle Signed, Sealed, and Delivered-to Satan? Treason & Translation Charlton Heston Had Company When Abraham Met Jesus How Many Times Is Jesus Coming Back? What's Jesus Waiting For? God's Right-Hand Woman? Wisdom in Hebrews Baptism as Spiritual Warfare Jesus Is God: Jude and Peter Tell Me So When Angels Do Time Tough Love Jesus, God, a.k.a., The Name 666: What Theories Add Up? Perspective Changes Everything Constantine, Conspiracy, and the Canon |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Façade Michael S. Heiser, 2012-11-19 Sci-fi meets historical fact in this thrilling novel by ancient-language scholar Michael S. Heiser. Haunted by his parents' death and his career failures, Dr. Brian Scott has begun to settle for the life he's been given. Until he's kidnapped by military insiders known as The Group. Disappearances. Visitations. Murder. Brian and a team of world-class scholars are given a confidential mission: To prepare humanity for a new reality. They are here. But as the government's involvement with extraterrestrials is revealed, strange things begin to happen. Something isn't right. Unpeeling layer after layer of deception and counter-deception, Brian moves toward a shocking revelation that will forever alter how humanity sees itself. Every document cited in The Façade actually exists. Every ancient text discussed in The Façade is authentic. Every historical figure referred to or quoted in The Façade is real. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Angel of the Lord Douglas Van Dorn, Matt Foreman, 2022-02-04 |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Michael and Christ Darrell D. Hannah, 1999 In recent years a number of New Testament scholars have argued that Jewish beliefs and traditions about the principal angel hold the key to understanding why early Christians came to make such exalted claims about Jesus of Nazareth. Jewish and early Christian traditions about the archangel Michael provide a ready test for this thesis. For Michael is very often the principal figure in Jewish and early Christian angelology. Darrell D. Hannah examines Michael traditions from the Old Testament, Jewish apocalyptic, Qumran, Philo, the Rabbis, Merkabah mysticism, the New Testament, Christian apocalyptic, the New Testament Apocrypha, and the Fathers of the second century. From this mass of literature three forms of angelic Christology are evidenced. First, some early 'orthodox' Christians developed an 'theophanic angel Christology'. That is, they interpreted Old Testament passages about the 'angel of the Lord' as 'pre-incarnate manifestations' of Christ. Secondly, some 'heretical' forms of Jewish Christianity identified Christ as an incarnation of the highest archangel. Finally, some Christians found in Jewish speculations about the Principal Angel (Michael, Metatron, Yahoel, etc.) a conceptual framework within which to place a second divine figure. Principal angel traditions, particularly those about the archangel Michael, were useful for elucidating the significance of Christ. However, 'orthodox' Christians who made use of these traditions were very careful to avoid any implication that Christ possessed an angelic nature. 'Orthodox' Christians never regarded Christ merely as an angel, not even as the angel. The Shepherd of Hermas identified Christ with Michael, but would seem to have been unique in this. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Origin of Evil Spirits Archie T. Wright, 2013-11-26 How do we account for the explosion of demonic activity in the New Testament? Archie T. Wright examines the trajectory of the origin of evil spirits in early Jewish literature. His work traces the development of the concept of evil spirits from the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 6) through post-biblical Jewish literature. I would in fact recommend this book, not because of the answers it gives, but the questions it raises. -- Philip R. Davies in Journal of Semitic Studies 55 (2010) This work is marked by several strengths. First, Wright shows an impressive command of the primary and secondary literature. Second, this writer appreciates Wright's tendency to express cautious conclusions regarding historical and source-critical matters. These qualities are especially helpful in a work dealing with the reception history of a given text. Third, Wright has an extremely helpful discussion of the identity of the nephilim of Gen. 6:4 (80-83). -- Mark D. Owens in Faith & Mission 24 (2007), pp. 68-70 |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Genealogical Adam and Eve S. Joshua Swamidass, 2019-12-10 What if the biblical creation account is true, with the origins of Adam and Eve taking place alongside evolution? Building on well-established but overlooked science, S. Joshua Swamidass explains how it's possible for Adam and Eve to be rightly identified as the ancestors of everyone, opening up new possibilities for understanding Adam and Eve consistent both with current scientific consensus and with traditional readings of Scripture. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: 2300 Days of Hell Joseph F. Dumond, 2014-09-16 |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Evangelical Universalist Gregory MacDonald, 2012-11-15 Can an orthodox Christian, committed to the historic faith of the Church and the authority of the Bible, be a universalist? Is it possible to believe that salvation is found only by grace, through faith in Christ, and yet to maintain that in the end all people will be saved? Can one believe passionately in mission if one does not think that anyone will be lost forever? Could universalism be consistent with the teachings of the Bible? This book argues that the answer is 'yes' to all of these questions. Weaving together philosophical, theological and biblical considerations, the author shows that being a universalist is consistent with the central teachings of the Bible and of historic Christian theology. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Jewish Gospels Daniel Boyarin, 2013 In 2008, The New York Times reported on the discovery of a Hebrew tablet, dating from before the birth of Christ, which predicted a Messiah who would rise from the dead after three days. Famed religious scholar Daniel Boyarin stated that 'some Christians will find it shocking - a challenge to the uniqueness of their theology.' In The Jewish Gospels, Boyarin makes a radical argument that conventional wisdom on the origins of Christianity is wrong. Possessing the credentials to back up his argument, Boyarin is certain to open people's minds to new assumptions about Christian ideology. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Jewish Trinity Yoel Natan, 2003 Conventional wisdom states that the Hebrew Scriptures only hint that there are persons of Yahveh. This book shows that Moses and other Bible writers wrote strikingly and often, both about the Trinity and the deity of the Messiah. The Old Testament is as explicit about the Trinity and the deity of the Messiah as is the New Testament. The reader of this book will come to know the Trinitarianism in the Hebrew Scriptures that Yahvists knew. The reader of this book will come to read the Bible the same way the inspired writers intended it to be read-as Trinitarian |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Great Angel , 1992-01-01 In this groundbreaking book, Barker claims that pre-Christian Judaism was not monotheistic and that the roots of Christian Trinitarian theology lie in a pre-Christian Palestinian belief about angels derived from the ancient religion of Israel. Barker's beliefs are based on canonical and deutero-canonical works and literature from Qumran and rabbinic sources. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Deuteronomistic History and the Name Theology Sandra L. Richter, 2002 This monograph is a comparative, socio-linguistic reassessment of the Deuteronomic idiom, leshakken shemo sham, and its synonymous biblical reflexes in the Deuteronomistic History, lashum shemo sham, and lihyot shemo sham. These particular formulae have long been understood as evidence of the Name Theology - the evolution in Israelite religion toward a more abstracted mode of divine presence in the temple. Utilizing epigraphic material gathered from Mesopotamian and Levantine contexts, this study demonstrates that leshakken shemo sham and lashum shemo sham are loan-adaptations of Akkadian shuma shakanu, an idiom common to the royal monumental tradition of Mesopotamia. The resulting retranslation and reinterpretation of the biblical idiom profoundly impacts the classic formulation of the Name Theology. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Bodies of God and the World of Ancient Israel Benjamin D. Sommer, 2009-06-29 Sommer utilizes a lost ancient Near Eastern perception of divinity according to which a god has more than one body and fluid, unbounded selves. Though the dominant strains of biblical religion rejected it, a monotheistic version of this theological intuition is found in some biblical texts. Later Jewish and Christian thinkers inherited this ancient way of thinking; ideas such as the sefirot in Kabbalah and the trinity in Christianity represent a late version of this theology. This book forces us to rethink the distinction between monotheism and polytheism, as this notion of divine fluidity is found in both polytheistic cultures (Babylonia, Assyria, Canaan) and monotheistic ones (biblical religion, Jewish mysticism, Christianity), whereas it is absent in some polytheistic cultures (classical Greece). The Bodies of God and the World of Ancient Israel has important repercussions not only for biblical scholarship and comparative religion but for Jewish-Christian dialogue. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Angelomorphic Christology Gieschen, 2018-07-17 This study demonstrates that angel and angel-related traditions, especially those growing from the so-called Angel of the Lord in the Hebrew Bible, had a significant impact on the origins and early development of Christology to the point that an Angelomorphic Christology is discernable in several first century texts. Significant effort is given to tracing the antecedents of this Christology in the angels and divine hypostases of the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple Jewish literature. The primary content of this volume is the presentation of pre-150 CE textual evidence of Angelomorphic Christology. This religio-historical study does not spawn a new Christology among the many scholarly Christologies already extant. Instead, it shows the interrelationship of various Christological trajectories and their adaptation from Jewish angelomorphic traditions. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Divorce and Remarriage in the Bible David Instone-Brewer, 2002-06-07 To many, the New Testament's teaching on divorce and remarriage seems to be both impractical and unfair. The plain meaning of the texts allows for divorce only in cases of adultery or desertion, and it does not permit remarriage until the death of one's former spouse. But are these proscriptions the final word for Christians today? Are we correctly reading the scriptures that address these issues? By looking closely at the biblical texts on divorce and remarriage in light of the first-century Jewish and Greco-Roman world, this book shows that the original audience of the New Testament heard these teachings differently. Through a careful exploration of the background literature of the Old Testament, the ancient Near East, and especially ancient Judaism, David Instone-Brewer constructs a biblical view of divorce and remarriage that is wider in scope than present-day readings. Among the important findings of the book are that both Jesus and Paul condemned divorce without valid grounds and discouraged divorce even for valid grounds; that both Jesus and Paul affirmed the Old Testament grounds for divorce; that the Old Testament allowed divorce for adultery and for neglect or abuse; and that both Jesus and Paul condemned remarriage after an invalid divorce but not after a valid divorce. Instone-Brewer shows that these principles are not only different from the traditional church interpretation of the New Testament but also directly relevant to modern relationships. Enhanced with pastoral advice on how to apply the biblical teaching in today's context, this volume will be a valuable resource for anyone seeking serious answers about married life. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The Message of the Psalter David C. Mitchell, 1997-01-01 This intriguing work argues that the book of Psalms has been redacted to reflect a programme of eschatological events like that of Zechariah 9-14. These events include the ingathering of exiled Israel by a bridegroom-king; his establishment of a kingdom, followed by his violent death; the scattering of Israel in the wilderness, and their subsequent regathering and further imperilment; their rescue by a king from the sky, who establishes his kingdom from Zion, brings peace and prosperity to the earth and receives the homage of the nations. There is an appendix of apocalyptic midrashim, translated into English for the first time. www.mornstar.co.uk/ |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: An Old Testament Theology Bruce K. Waltke, Charles Yu, 2011 The Old Testament is more than a religious history of the nation of Israel. It is more than a portrait gallery of heroes of the faith. It is even more than a theological and prophetic backdrop to the New Testament. Beyond these, the Old Testament is inspired revelation of the very nature, character, and works of God. As renowned Old Testament scholar Bruce Waltke writes in the preface of this book, the Old Testaments every sentence is fraught with theology, worthy of reflection. This book is the result of decades of reflection informed by an extensive knowledge of the Hebrew language, the best of critical scholarship, a deep understanding of both the content and spirit of the Old Testament, and a thoroughly evangelical conviction. Taking a narrative, chronological approach to the text, Waltke employs rhetorical criticism to illuminate the theologies of the biblical narrators. Through careful study, he shows that the unifying theme of the Old Testament is the breaking in of the kingdom of God. This theme helps the reader better understand not only the Old Testament, but also the New Testament, the continuity of the entire Bible, and ultimately, God himself. - Publisher. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: How on Earth Did Jesus Become a God? Larry W. Hurtado, 2005-11-02 In How on Earth Did Jesus Become a God? Larry Hurtado investigates the intense devotion to Jesus that emerged with surprising speed after his death. Reverence for Jesus among early Christians, notes Hurtado, included both grand claims about Jesus' significance and a pattern of devotional practices that effectively treated him as divine. This book argues that whatever one makes of such devotion to Jesus, the subject deserves serious historical consideration. Mapping out the lively current debate about Jesus, Hurtado explains the evidence, issues, and positions at stake. He goes on to treat the opposition to -- and severe costs of -- worshiping Jesus, the history of incorporating such devotion into Jewish monotheism, and the role of religious experience in Christianity's development out of Judaism. The follow-up to Hurtado's award-winningLord Jesus Christ (2003), this book provides compelling answers to queries about the development of the church's belief in the divinity of Jesus. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Reading Moses, Seeing Jesus Seth Postell, Eitan Bar, Erez Soref, 2019-07-24 This book addresses the questions about the believer's relationship to the Torah (the five Books of Moses, or the Pentateuch) and its commandments (the Law): Since Jesus kept the Law, are believers (Jewish and Gentile) also obliged to keep the Law, or at least some portions of it (Sabbath, the food laws, etc.)? What about the Oral Law (rabbinic traditions)? How does the Torah point to the Messiah? How do we apply the Law of Moses today? Though this book is based on more than a decade of academic research, it is written with the non-academic reader in mind and provides easy-to-understand answers to the questions related to the Torah and does so in a manner thoroughly rooted in a careful reading of the biblical text. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: One Big Family Sue Knefley, Laurel Roth, 2019-06-25 |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: The World Turned Upside Down Michael S. Heiser, 2019 The paranormal television series Stranger Things taps into the mysterious elements that have fueled spiritual questions for millennia. The otherworldly manifestations in Hawkins, Indiana offer compelling portrayals of important spiritual truths--and many of these truths are echoed in the supernatural worldview of the Bible. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: God Crucified Richard Bauckham, 1998-01 Recent discussion of the interpretation of New Testament Christology has been closely linked with debate about the nature of Jewish monotheism in the period. This book argues that once Judaism's perception of the uniqueness of God is correctly understood, it becomes clear that the first Christians simply included Jesus in the unique identity of the God of Israel. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: One God, One Lord Larry W. Hurtado, 1998 The classic and ground-breaking work in Christology, with extensive new introduction, evaluating the most recent developments in current scholarship. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Let Us Attend Lawrence R. Farley, 2007 Let Us Attend! A Journey Through the Orthodox Christian Liturgy is a guide to understanding the Divine Liturgy, and a vibrant reminder of the centrality of the Eucharist in living the Christian life. Every Sunday morning we are literally taken on a journey into the Kingdom of God. Fr. Lawrence guides everyday believers in a devotional and historical walk through the Orthodox liturgy. Examining the Liturgy section by section, he proves both historical explanations of how the liturgy evolved, and devotional insights aimed at helping us pray the liturgy in the way the Fathers intended. In better understanding the depth of the Liturgy's meaning and purpose, we can pray it properly. If you would like a deeper understanding of your Sunday morning experience so that you can draw closer to God, then this book is for you. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Jesus Before Bethlehem Rob Phillips, 2020-04-13 What was Jesus doing prior to his conception in Mary's womb? While we see the Father and the Holy Spirit actively engaged in human affairs across the pages of the Old Testament, the other member of the Trinity is foreshadowed in messianic prophecies but otherwise absent from the earth. Or is he? Jesus Before Bethlehem explores dozens of Old Testament appearances by a figure often called the angel of the LORD. He not only speaks for God; he speaks as God. He appears as a man, a voice from heaven, a flame within a thorn bush, and a divine presence in a pillar of cloud and fire - all of which come to us as Christophanies, or appearances of the preincarnate Christ. Written for pastors and laypersons alike, this study is designed to show how the eternal Son of God has always taken a personal interest in those he created to be his imagers on earth. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: John's Use of the Old Testament in the Book of Revelation Michael Heiser, 2021-12-06 New Testament scholars know the writer of the book of Revelation frequently makes use of the Old Testament. However, despite hundreds of links back into the Old Testament on the part of John, the author of Revelation, none of the links are direct, word-for-word complete citations. Often, the citations are more allusions than quotations, and John frequently combines them so that their meaning in his mind is not intuitive to today's reader. Scholars specializing in this field have devised various approaches to understand John's use of the Old Testament, a crucial requirement to comprehending the book's meaning and theology. The goal of this book, utilizing the scholarly sources employed in the Naked Bible Podcast series on the topic, is to provide readers with a solid Scripture-based grasp of this enigmatic New Testament book. |
| two powers in heaven michael heiser: Middle Knowledge William Hasker, David Basinger, E. Dekker, 2000 «God only knows what I'd be without you», sang the Beach Boys in 1966. A certain item of knowledge is here attributed to God - knowledge, so it is said, that no-one else possesses. Some say that this knowledge behaves like that of a super-psychologist, while others say that it is «middle knowledge» - God knows what would have become of the singer in a non-actual world, given certain free decisions of others. This book collects all major contributions to the question whether middle knowledge is possible at all, and if so, what help it would be in spelling out, for example, the doctrine of divine providence. |
2 - Wikipedia
2 (two) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 1 and preceding 3. It is the smallest and the only even prime number. Because it forms the basis of a duality, it has …
2 (number) - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
2 (Two; / ˈtuː / (listen)) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the number after 1 (one) and the number before 3 (three). In Roman numerals, it is II. Two has many meanings in math. For …
TWO Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of TWO is being one more than one in number. How to use two in a sentence.
TWO definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
something representing, represented by, or consisting of two units, such as a playing card with two symbols on it
Two - definition of two by The Free Dictionary
Define two. two synonyms, two pronunciation, two translation, English dictionary definition of two. a number: Take two; they’re small. Not to be confused with: to – toward, on, against, upon too …
TWO | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
What is the pronunciation of two? （數字）2… （数字）2… dos… dois, dois/duas… Need a translator? Get a quick, free translation! TWO definition: 1. the number 2: 2. the number 2: 3. …
Two: Definition, Meaning, and Examples - US Dictionary
Jul 15, 2024 · Two (noun): symbol or word representing the number after one and before three in the decimal system. The term "two" is widely recognized and used across various contexts, …
What does two mean? - Definitions.net
Two is the numerical value representing the quantity or amount that is one more than one or twice as much as one. It is the second cardinal number in the natural number sequence and is …
Two Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
Any two people or things; pair; couple. A two-dollar bill. Totaling one more than one. A prefix meaning "two" or "double", same as bi-. Two-edged, two-faced, two-headed, two-tongued, two …
Two - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Two is a whole number that's greater than one, but less than three. If you found one fuzzy mitten and then your friend gave you another one, you would have two mittens — perfect for your two …
2 - Wikipedia
2 (two) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 1 and preceding 3. It is the smallest and the only even prime number. Because it forms the basis of a duality, it has …
2 (number) - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
2 (Two; / ˈtuː / (listen)) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the number after 1 (one) and the number before 3 (three). In Roman numerals, it is II. Two has many meanings in math. For …
TWO Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of TWO is being one more than one in number. How to use two in a sentence.
TWO definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
something representing, represented by, or consisting of two units, such as a playing card with two symbols on it
Two - definition of two by The Free Dictionary
Define two. two synonyms, two pronunciation, two translation, English dictionary definition of two. a number: Take two; they’re small. Not to be confused with: to – toward, on, against, upon too …
TWO | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
What is the pronunciation of two? （數字）2… （数字）2… dos… dois, dois/duas… Need a translator? Get a quick, free translation! TWO definition: 1. the number 2: 2. the number 2: 3. …
Two: Definition, Meaning, and Examples - US Dictionary
Jul 15, 2024 · Two (noun): symbol or word representing the number after one and before three in the decimal system. The term "two" is widely recognized and used across various contexts, …
What does two mean? - Definitions.net
Two is the numerical value representing the quantity or amount that is one more than one or twice as much as one. It is the second cardinal number in the natural number sequence and is …
Two Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
Any two people or things; pair; couple. A two-dollar bill. Totaling one more than one. A prefix meaning "two" or "double", same as bi-. Two-edged, two-faced, two-headed, two-tongued, two …
Two - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Two is a whole number that's greater than one, but less than three. If you found one fuzzy mitten and then your friend gave you another one, you would have two mittens — perfect for your two …
