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| tropical residual soils: Tropical Residual Soils Engineering B.B.K. Huat, See Sew Gue, Faisal Haji Ali, 2004-06-15 Focused on tropical areas and their unique problems and issues, this work examines all aspects of residual soils engineering, including both theoretical and practical aspects. This book gives the practitioner a thorough understanding of the characteristics of these soil types, their formation and their material properties, while guidelines on appli |
| tropical residual soils: Tropical Residual Soils Geological Society of London. Engineering Group. Working Party, 1997 In the tropics, residual soils probably form the largest group with which the engineer has to deal. Being formed in situ, these soils have particular characteristics that distinguish them from material deposited from transported soils. |
| tropical residual soils: Mechanics of Residual Soils, Second Edition Geoffrey E. Blight, Eng Choon Leong, 2012-05-03 Residual soils are found in many parts of the world and are used extensively as construction materials for roads, embankments and dams, and to support the foundations of buildings, bridges and load-bearing pavements. The characteristics and engineering properties of residual soils can differ significantly from those of the more familiar transported soils. The fact that residual soils occur often in areas with tropical and sub-tropical climates and (extensively) in semi-arid climates, adds another dimension to their engineering performance, that of unsaturation. Although there are many books that deal with the mechanics of soils, these are based mainly on the characteristics and behaviour of saturated transported soils. The first edition of this book was the first book to be written specifically about the mechanics of residual soils. The book was prepared by a panel of authors drawn from the Technical Committee on Tropical and Residual Soils of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. It was written as a practical professional guide for geotechnical engineers working with residual soils. The second edition has retained the valuable information contained in the first edition. The present editors and authors have extensively revised and augmented the content to bring it completely up to date, adding significantly to the sections on unsaturated soil mechanics and expanding the range and number of instructive case histories. Furthermore, sections on pedocretes, dispersive soils and karst have been added. |
| tropical residual soils: Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils Laurence D. Wesley, 2009-08-24 Introducing the first integrated coverage of sedimentary and residual soil engineering Despite its prevalence in under-developed parts of the United States and most tropical and sub-tropical countries, residual soil is often characterized as a mere extension of conventional soil mechanics in many textbooks. Now, with the rapid growth of construction in these regions, it is essential to gain a fuller understanding of residual soils and their properties—one that's based on an integrated approach to the study of residual and sedimentary soils. One text puts this understanding well within reach: Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils. The first resource to provide equal treatment of both residual and sedimentary soils and their unique engineering properties, this skill-building guide offers: A concise introduction to basic soil mechanics, stress-strain behavior, testing, and design In-depth coverage that spans the full scope of soil engineering, from bearing capacity and foundation design to the stability of slopes A focus on concepts and principles rather than methods, helping you avoid idealized versions of soil behavior and maintain a design approach that is consistent with real soils of the natural world An abundance of worked problems throughout, demonstrating in some cases that conventional design techniques applicable to sedimentary soils are not valid for residual soils Numerous end-of-chapter exercises supported by an online solutions manual Full chapter-ending references Taken together, Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils is a comprehensive, balanced soil engineering sourcebook that will prove indispensable for practitioners and students in civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, and geology. |
| tropical residual soils: Engineering Geology and Geomorphology of Glaciated and Periglaciated Terrains J.S. Griffiths, C.J. Martin, 2017-10-18 The Engineering Group of the Geological Society Working Party brought together experts in glacial and periglacial geomorphology, Quaternary history, engineering geology and geotechnical engineering to establish best practice when working in former glaciated and periglaciated environments. The Working Party addressed outdated terminology and reviewed the latest academic research to provide an up-to-date understanding of glaciated and periglaciated terrains. This transformative, state-of-the-art volume is the outcome of five years of deliberation and synthesis by the Working Party. This is an essential reference text for practitioners, students and academics working in these challenging ground conditions. The narrative style, and a comprehensive glossary and photo-catalogue of active and relict sediments, structures and landforms make this material relevant and accessible to a wide readership. |
| tropical residual soils: Tropical Residual Soils , 1990 |
| tropical residual soils: Handbook of Tropical Residual Soils Engineering Bujang B. K. Huat, 2012 Residual soils are found in many parts of the world. Like other soils, they are used extensively in construction, either to build upon, or as construction material. They are formed when the rate of rock weathering is more rapid than transportation of the weathered particles by e.g., water, gravity and wind, which results in a large share of the soils formed remaining in place. The soils typically retain many of the characteristics of the parent rock. In a tropical region, residual soil layers can be very thick, sometimes extending to hundreds of meters before reaching un-weathered rock. Unlike. |
| tropical residual soils: Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice Delwyn G. Fredlund, Hendry Rahardjo, Murray D. Fredlund, 2012-07-24 The definitive guide to unsaturated soil— from the world's experts on the subject This book builds upon and substantially updates Fredlund and Rahardjo's publication, Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils, the current standard in the field of unsaturated soils. It provides readers with more thorough coverage of the state of the art of unsaturated soil behavior and better reflects the manner in which practical unsaturated soil engineering problems are solved. Retaining the fundamental physics of unsaturated soil behavior presented in the earlier book, this new publication places greater emphasis on the importance of the soil-water characteristic curve in solving practical engineering problems, as well as the quantification of thermal and moisture boundary conditions based on the use of weather data. Topics covered include: Theory to Practice of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Nature and Phase Properties of Unsaturated Soil State Variables for Unsaturated Soils Measurement and Estimation of State Variables Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Unsaturated Soils Ground Surface Moisture Flux Boundary Conditions Theory of Water Flow through Unsaturated Soils Solving Saturated/Unsaturated Water Flow Problems Air Flow through Unsaturated Soils Heat Flow Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength Applications in Plastic and Limit Equilibrium Stress-Deformation Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Solving Stress-Deformation Problems with Unsaturated Soils Compressibility and Pore Pressure Parameters Consolidation and Swelling Processes in Unsaturated Soils Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice is essential reading for geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, and undergraduate- and graduate-level civil engineering students with a focus on soil mechanics. |
| tropical residual soils: Geotechnical Engineering in Residual Soils Laurence D. Wesley, 2010-08-05 Wiley has long held a pre-eminent position as a publisher of books on geotechnical engineering, with a particular strength in soil behavior and soil mechanics, at both the academic and professional level. This reference will be the first book focused entirely on the unique engineering properties of residual soil. Given the predominance of residual soils in the under-developed parts of the United States and the Southern Hemisphere, and the increasing rate of new construction in these regions, the understanding of residual soils is expected to increase in importance in the coming years. This book will be written for the practicing geotechnical engineer working to any degree with residual soils. It will describe the unique properties of residual soil and provide innovative design techniques for building on it safely.The author will draw on his 30 years of practical experience as a practicing geotechnical engineer, imbuing the work with real world examples and practice problems influenced by his work in South America and Southeast Asia. |
| tropical residual soils: Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics Pedro A. Sanchez, 2019-01-10 Long-awaited second edition of classic textbook, brought completely up to date, for courses on tropical soils, and reference for scientists and professionals. |
| tropical residual soils: Characterisation and Engineering Properties of Natural Soils T. S. Tan, 2003 This first volume of a specialty 2-volume work contains 34 papers pertaining to the natural behaviour of diverse geomaterials found in different parts of the world. Each paper is organized along the outline: location and distribution, engineering geology, composition, state and index properties, structure, engineering properties, quality / reliability of data with reference to methods of sampling and testing, and relation to engineering problems. This extensive body of collated knowledge is integrated by three overview papers covering engineering geology, mechanical behaviour and engineering implications. Topics: Overview papers; Marine clays; Eastuarine Clays; Lacustrine clays; Stiff clays; Sands and other cohesionless soils; Residual and other tropical Soils; Weak rock. |
| tropical residual soils: Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology Peter T. Bobrowsky, Brian Marker, 2018 This book addresses the multi-disciplinary topic of engineering geology and the environment, one of the fastest growing, most relevant and applied fields of research and study within the geosciences. It covers the fundamentals of geology and engineering where the two fields overlap and, in addition, highlights specialized topics that address principles, concepts and paradigms of the discipline, including operational terms, materials, tools, techniques and methods as well as processes, procedures and implications. |
| tropical residual soils: Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Geotechnical Practice Geoffrey E Blight, 2013-07-11 There are other books on unsaturated soil mechanics, but this book is different. Unsaturated soil mechanics is only one aspect of a continuous range of soil mechanics studies that extends from the rheology of high water content soil slurries to the mechanics of soft soils, to stiff saturated soils, to unsaturated soils, and, at the far end of the r |
| tropical residual soils: Advances in Unsaturated Geotechnics Charles D. Shackelford, Sandra L. Houston, Nien-Yin Chang, 2000 GSP 99 contains 38 papers presented at sessions at Geo-Denver 2000, held in Denver, Colorado, August 5-8, 2000. |
| tropical residual soils: Classification of Tropical Residual Soils Arash Zakeri, 2003 |
| tropical residual soils: Physical Geology Karla Panchuk, 2021 Physical Geology - H5P Edition is an interactive, comprehensive introductory text on the physical aspects of geology, including rocks and minerals, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, mass wasting, climate change, planetary geology, and more. It has a strong emphasis on examples from western Canada and includes 200 interactive H5P activities--BCcampus website. |
| tropical residual soils: Laterite Soil Engineering M Gidigasu, 2012-12-02 Laterite Soil Engineering is one of a few books about solving engineering problems with the help of engineering pedology. This book presents the latest information on the laterite soils' geotechnical characteristics and engineering behavior. It shows that laterite soils are different from natural soils and that most laterite soils can be evaluated for engineering purposes using accepted theories and well-known test procedures for temperate-zone soils. This book also shows that modern concepts based on pedological considerations are very useful and take a logical approach to the identification and evaluation of laterite soils for engineering purposes. The first four chapters focus on reviewing information about the processes of tropical weathering and laterization. Chapter five summarizes information about the location, morphology and composition of laterite soils. Chapter six highlights the geotechnical implications of the pedogenic processes of tropical weathering, and it emphasizes the contribution of the results of these pedogenic processes to the deviations of engineering behavior of the problem of laterite soils. In addition, chapter seven discusses the influence of laterite soil genesis on the physic-chemical characteristics based on comparing the properties of three genetic soil groups formed under three different weathering conditions. Chapters eight through nineteen discuss the geotechnical characteristics and evaluation of laterite soils, and the effects of pedogenesis and soil-forming factors on the geotechnical and stabilization characteristics of laterite soils. The last chapter discusses the little information that exists on the application of laterite soils in engineering problems. |
| tropical residual soils: Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Jonathan Michael Anderson, J. S. I. Ingram, 1989 In this handbook methods are given to determine soil characteristics, organic matter compounds, phosphorus in soil, nitrogen fixation, soil solution sampling, plant nutrient uptake and the nitrogen availability |
| tropical residual soils: The Soils of Sri Lanka Ranjith B. Mapa, 2020-05-16 This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the soils of Sri Lanka. Including sections on the soil research history, climate, geology, geomorphology, major soil types, soil maps, soil properties, soil classification, soil fertility, land use and vegetation, soil management, soils and humans, soils and industry, and future soil issues, the book summarizes the current state of knowledge in a concise and highly reader-friendly way. |
| tropical residual soils: Geotechnical Properties of Tropical Residual Soils Godwin Nnadi, 1987 |
| tropical residual soils: Advanced Experimental Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Alessandro Tarantino, E. Romero, Y.J. Cui, 2005-07-14 The field of experimental unsaturated soil mechanics has grown considerably over the last decade. In the laboratory and in the field, innovative techniques have been introduced into mechanical, hydraulic, and geo-environmental testing. Normally, this information is widely dispersed throughout journals and conference proceedings and it is often difficult to identify suitable equipment and instrumentation for research or professional purposes. In this volume, however, the authors bring together the latest research in laboratory and field testing techniques, and the equipment employed, and examine the current state-of-the-art in a forum devoted solely to experimental unsaturated soil mechanics. The papers published in the proceedings were peer-reviewed by internationally-recognized researchers. The topics tackled by the papers include suction measurement, suction control, mechanical and hydraulic laboratory testing, geo-environmental testing, and field-testing. |
| tropical residual soils: Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report , 1990 |
| tropical residual soils: Fundamentals of Soil Behavior James K. Mitchell, 1993 Explains the factors which determine and control the engineering properties of soils--particularly volume change, deformation, strength and permeability. New to this edition: expanded coverage of residual and tropical soils, environmental aspects of soil behavior, material on partly saturated soils, revised treatment of direct or coupled hydraulic, chemical, thermal and electrical flows through soil. |
| tropical residual soils: Genesis and Hardening of Laterite in Soils Lyle Thomas Alexander, John G. Cady, 1962 |
| tropical residual soils: Cone Penetration Testing 2018 Michael A. Hicks, Federico Pisanò, Joek Peuchen, 2018-06-13 Cone Penetration Testing 2018 contains the proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’18, Delft, The Netherlands, 21-22 June 2018), and presents the latest developments relating to the use of cone penetration testing in geotechnical engineering. It focuses on the solution of geotechnical challenges using the cone penetration test (CPT), CPT add-on measurements and companion in-situ penetration tools (such as full flow and free fall penetrometers), with an emphasis on practical experience and application of research findings. The peer-reviewed papers have been authored by academics, researchers and practitioners from many countries worldwide and cover numerous important aspects, ranging from the development of innovative theoretical and numerical methods of interpretation, to real field applications. This is an Open Access ebook, and can be found on www.taylorfrancis.com. |
| tropical residual soils: Essentials of Mineral Exploration and Evaluation S. M. Gandhi, B. C. Sarkar, 2016-05-10 Essentials of Mineral Exploration and Evaluation offers a thorough overview of methods used in mineral exploration campaigns, evaluation, reporting and economic assessment processes. Fully illustrated to cover the state-of-the-art exploration techniques and evaluation of mineral assets being practiced globally, this up-to-date reference offers balanced coverage of the latest knowledge and current global trends in successful mineral exploration and evaluation. From mineral deposits, to remote sensing, to sampling and analysis, Essentials of Mineral Exploration and Evaluation offers an extensive look at this rapidly changing field. - Covers the complete spectrum of all aspects of ore deposits and mining them, providing a one-stop shop for experts and students - Presents the most up-to-date information on developments and methods in all areas of mineral exploration - Includes chapters on application of GIS, statistics, and geostatistics in mineral exploration and evaluation - Includes case studies to enhance practical application of concepts |
| tropical residual soils: Soils of the Humid Tropics National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Tropical Soils, 1972 Research needs; Soil survey; Soil microvariability; Physical properties of soil; Soil nitrogen and organic matter; Soil phosphorus and sulfur; Soil potassium; Soil acidity and liming; Soil micronutrients; Fertilizers; Soil management systems; Soil testing and soil fertility evaluation services. |
| tropical residual soils: Geotechnical Slope Analysis Robin Chowdhury, Phil Flentje, Gautam Bhattacharya, 2009-11-18 Freshly updated and extended version of Slope Analysis (Chowdhury, Elsevier, 1978). This reference book gives a complete overview of the developments in slope engineering in the last 30 years. Its multi-disciplinary, critical approach and the chapters devoted to seismic effects and probabilistic approaches and reliability analyses, reflect the distinctive style of the original. Subjects discussed are: the understanding of slope performance, mechanisms of instability, requirements for modeling and analysis, and new techniques for observation and modeling. Special attention is paid to the relation with the increasing frequency and consequences of natural and man-made hazards. Strategies and methods for assessing landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk are also explored. Moreover, the relevance of geotechnical analysis of slopes in the context of climate change scenarios is discussed. All theory is supported by numerous examples. ''...A wonderful book on Slope Stability....recommended as a refernence book to those who are associated with the geotechnical engineering profession (undergraduates, post graduates and consulting engineers)...'' Prof. Devendra Narain Singh, Indian Inst. of Technology, Mumbai, India ''I have yet to see a book that excels the range and depth of Geotechnical Slope Analysis... I have failed to find a topic which is not covered and that makes the book almost a single window outlet for the whole range of readership from students to experts and from theoreticians to practicing engineers...'' Prof. R.K. Bhandari, New Delhi, India |
| tropical residual soils: Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications Nasser Khalili, Adrian Russell, Arman Khoshghalb, 2014-06-05 Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications contains 247 papers presented at 6th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils (UNSAT2014, Sydney, Australia, 2-4 July 2014). The two volumes provide an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in a wide variety of topics related to unsaturated soil mechanics:- Unsaturated Soil Behavi |
| tropical residual soils: Clay Materials Used in Construction George M. Reeves, Ian Sims, J. C. Cripps, 2006 Concluding the trilogy on geological materials in construction, this authoritative volume reviews many uses of clays, ranging from simple fills to sophisticated products. Comprehensive and international coverage is achieved by an expert team, including geologists, engineers and architects. Packed with information prepared for a wide readership, this unique handbook is also copiously illustrated. The volume is dedicated to the memory of Professor Sir Alec Skempton. Various definitions of 'clay' are explored. Clay mineralogy is described, plus the geological formation of clay deposits and their fundamental materials properties. World and British clay deposits are reviewed and explained. New compositional data are provided for clay formations throughout the stratigraphic column. Investigative techniques and interpretation are considered, ranging from site exploration to laboratory assessment of composition and engineering performance. Major civil engineering applications are addressed, including earthworks, earthmoving and specialized roles utilizing clays. Traditional earthen building is included and shown to dominate construction in places. Clay-based construction materials are detailed, including bricks, ceramics and cements. The volume also includes a comprehensive glossary. |
| tropical residual soils: Microstructure of Smectite Clays and Engineering Performance Roland Pusch, Raymond N. Yong, 2005-11-24 Certain wastes such as nuclear wastes, are so hazardous that their disposal creates a major challenge requiring considerable technical skill and understanding. Their effective isolation in the ground depends on the properties of the surrounding clays. This authoritative book explains the detailed function of clay-based engineered barriers, gives a number of examples of the design and construction of successful sites, and sets out conceptual and theoretical models for the prediction of their performance. It begins by providing a scientific grounding in the relevant aspects of clay science and successively moves onto the practicalities, while retaining the scientific slant. It will be useful for students, and invaluable for research institutes, specialists in environmental protection agencies and consultants in the field of disposal of hazardous waste. |
| tropical residual soils: Weathering as a Predisposing Factor to Slope Movements Domenico Calcaterra, Mario Parise, 2010 This volume is intended to provide an up-to-date overview of the approaches, methodologies and techniques devoted to better understand-ing of the weathering conditions of rock masses on slopes. According to the local conditions, a variety of slope movements may take place and involve weathered rock masses. Shallow and rapid soil slips evolving to debris flows are probably the most common type of slope movement. At the same time, deep-seated, intermittent landslides can also affect large volumes of weathered rocks and soils. Despite the high frequency of landslides in weathered materials, and the damage and casualties they repeatedly cause, little is known about the relationship between weathering and slope move-ments. This book presents worldwide case studies, where a variety of geo-logical and geomorphological settings are discussed. The content is divided into three sections: the first is devoted to broad aspects of the weathering/landslide processes; the second and third sections include papers dealing with igneous/metamorphic and sedimentary weathered rocks, respec-tively. |
| tropical residual soils: The Nile Basin Martin Williams, 2019-01-03 The Nile Basin contains a record of human activities spanning the last million years. However, the interactions between prehistoric humans and environmental changes in this area are complex and often poorly understood. This comprehensive book explains in clear, non-technical terms how prehistoric environments can be reconstructed, with examples drawn from every part of the Nile Basin. Adopting a source-to-sink approach, the book integrates events in the Nile headwaters with the record from marine sediment cores in the Nile Delta and offshore. It provides a detailed record of past environmental changes throughout the Nile Basin and concludes with a review of the causes and consequences of plant and animal domestication in this region and of the various prehistoric migrations out of Africa into Eurasia and beyond. A comprehensive overview, this book is ideal for researchers in geomorphology, climatology and archaeology. |
| tropical residual soils: Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties of Compacted Tropical Residual Soils Godwin N. Nnadi, 1988 |
| tropical residual soils: Soils Randall J. Schaetzl, Sharon Anderson, 2005-05-05 Soils: Genesis and Geomorphology is a comprehensive and accessible textbook on all aspects of soils. The book's introductory chapters on soil morphology, physics, mineralogy and organisms prepare the reader for the more advanced and thorough treatment that follows. Theory and processes of soil genesis and geomorphology form the backbone of the book, rather than the emphasis on soil classification that permeates other less imaginative soils textbooks. This refreshingly readable text takes a truly global perspective, with many examples from around the world sprinkled throughout. Replete with hundreds of high quality figures and a large glossary, this book will be invaluable for anyone studying soils, landforms and landscape change. Soils: Genesis and Geomorphology is an ideal textbook for mid- to upper-level undergraduate and graduate level courses in soils, pedology and geomorphology. It will also be an invaluable reference text for researchers. |
| tropical residual soils: Red & Lateritic Soils J. L. Sehgal, Winfried E. H. Blum, Kothiram Sudam Gajbhiye, 1998 |
| tropical residual soils: Engineering Properties of Soils and Rocks F. G. Bell, 2013-10-22 Engineering Properties of Soils and Rocks, Third Edition serves as a guide to the engineering properties and behavior of soils and rocks. The text also complements other texts on rock and soil mechanics. The book covers topics such as the properties and classification of soils such as tills and other kinds of soils related to cold climates, tropical soils, and organic soils such as peat. The text also includes the engineering behavior and properties, classification and description, discontinuities, and weathering of rocks and rock masses. The monograph is recommended for engineers who would like to know about the properties of soils and rocks and the application of their study in the field of engineering. |
| tropical residual soils: Geotechnical Engineering in the XXI Century: Lessons Learned and Future Challenges N. P. López-Acosta, E. Martínez-Hernández, A. L. Espinosa-Santiago, 2019-11-26 The first Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (PCSMGE) was held in Mexico in 1959. Every 4 years since then, PCSMGE has brought together the geotechnical engineering community from all over the world to discuss the problems, solutions and future challenges facing this engineering sector. Sixty years after the first conference, the 2019 edition returns to Mexico.This book, Geotechnical Engineering in the XXI Century: Lessons learned and future challenges, presents the proceedings of the XVI Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (XVI PCSMGE), held in Cancun, Mexico, from 17 - 20 November 2019. Of the 393 full papers submitted, 335 were accepted for publication after peer review. They are included here organized into 19 technical sessions, and cover a wide range of themes related to geotechnical engineering in the 21st century. Topics covered include: laboratory and in-situ testing; analytical and physical modeling in geotechnics; numerical modeling in geotechnics; unsaturated soils; soft soils; foundations and retaining structures; excavations and tunnels; offshore geotechnics; transportation in geotechnics; natural hazards; embankments and tailings dams; soils dynamics and earthquake engineering; ground improvement; sustainability and geo-environment; preservation of historic sites; forensics engineering; rock mechanics; education; and energy geotechnics.Providing a state-of-the-art overview of research into innovative and challenging applications in the field, the book will be of interest to all those working in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering.In this proceedings, 58% of the contributions are in English, and 42% of the contributions are in Spanish or Portuguese. |
| tropical residual soils: Unsaturated Soils for Asia H. Raharjdo, 2020-09-10 This is a collection of articles from the Asian conference UNSAT-ASIA 2000, covering topics such as: historical developments; numerical modelling; suction measurement techniques; permeability and flow; mass transport; and engineering applications. |
| tropical residual soils: Expansive Clay Soils and Vegetative Influence on Shallow Foundations Cumaraswamy Vipulanandan, Marshall B. Addison, Michael Hasen, 2001 GSP 115 contains 14 papers presented at sessions of the Shallow Foundation and Soil Properties Committee of the Geo-Institute at the ASCE 2001 Civil Engineering Conference, held in Houston, Texas, October 10-13, 2001. |
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