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| verilog practice problems with solutions: Verilog: Frequently Asked Questions Shivakumar S. Chonnad, Needamangalam B. Balachander, 2007-05-08 The Verilog Hardware Description Language was first introduced in 1984. Over the 20 year history of Verilog, every Verilog engineer has developed his own personal “bag of tricks” for coding with Verilog. These tricks enable modeling or verifying designs more easily and more accurately. Developing this bag of tricks is often based on years of trial and error. Through experience, engineers learn that one specific coding style works best in some circumstances, while in another situation, a different coding style is best. As with any high-level language, Verilog often provides engineers several ways to accomplish a specific task. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if an engineer first learning Verilog could start with another engineer’s bag of tricks, without having to go through years of trial and error to decide which style is best for which circumstance? That is where this book becomes an invaluable resource. The book presents dozens of Verilog tricks of the trade on how to best use the Verilog HDL for modeling designs at various level of abstraction, and for writing test benches to verify designs. The book not only shows the correct ways of using Verilog for different situations, it also presents alternate styles, and discusses the pros and cons of these styles. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: FPGA Prototyping by Verilog Examples Pong P. Chu, 2011-09-20 FPGA Prototyping Using Verilog Examples will provide you with a hands-on introduction to Verilog synthesis and FPGA programming through a “learn by doing” approach. By following the clear, easy-to-understand templates for code development and the numerous practical examples, you can quickly develop and simulate a sophisticated digital circuit, realize it on a prototyping device, and verify the operation of its physical implementation. This introductory text that will provide you with a solid foundation, instill confidence with rigorous examples for complex systems and prepare you for future development tasks. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: SystemVerilog for Verification Chris Spear, Greg Tumbush, 2012-02-14 Based on the highly successful second edition, this extended edition of SystemVerilog for Verification: A Guide to Learning the Testbench Language Features teaches all verification features of the SystemVerilog language, providing hundreds of examples to clearly explain the concepts and basic fundamentals. It contains materials for both the full-time verification engineer and the student learning this valuable skill. In the third edition, authors Chris Spear and Greg Tumbush start with how to verify a design, and then use that context to demonstrate the language features, including the advantages and disadvantages of different styles, allowing readers to choose between alternatives. This textbook contains end-of-chapter exercises designed to enhance students’ understanding of the material. Other features of this revision include: New sections on static variables, print specifiers, and DPI from the 2009 IEEE language standard Descriptions of UVM features such as factories, the test registry, and the configuration database Expanded code samples and explanations Numerous samples that have been tested on the major SystemVerilog simulators SystemVerilog for Verification: A Guide to Learning the Testbench Language Features, Third Edition is suitable for use in a one-semester SystemVerilog course on SystemVerilog at the undergraduate or graduate level. Many of the improvements to this new edition were compiled through feedback provided from hundreds of readers. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: The Complete Verilog Book Vivek Sagdeo, 2007-05-08 The Verilog hardware description language (HDL) provides the ability to describe digital and analog systems. This ability spans the range from descriptions that express conceptual and architectural design to detailed descriptions of implementations in gates and transistors. Verilog was developed originally at Gateway Design Automation Corporation during the mid-eighties. Tools to verify designs expressed in Verilog were implemented at the same time and marketed. Now Verilog is an open standard of IEEE with the number 1364. Verilog HDL is now used universally for digital designs in ASIC, FPGA, microprocessor, DSP and many other kinds of design-centers and is supported by most of the EDA companies. The research and education that is conducted in many universities is also using Verilog. This book introduces the Verilog hardware description language and describes it in a comprehensive manner. Verilog HDL was originally developed and specified with the intent of use with a simulator. Semantics of the language had not been fully described until now. In this book, each feature of the language is described using semantic introduction, syntax and examples. Chapter 4 leads to the full semantics of the language by providing definitions of terms, and explaining data structures and algorithms. The book is written with the approach that Verilog is not only a simulation or synthesis language, or a formal method of describing design, but a complete language addressing all of these aspects. This book covers many aspects of Verilog HDL that are essential parts of any design process. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: The Verilog® Hardware Description Language Donald Thomas, Philip Moorby, 2008-09-11 XV From the Old to the New xvii Acknowledgments xx| Verilog A Tutorial Introduction Getting Started 2 A Structural Description 2 Simulating the binaryToESeg Driver 4 Creating Ports For the Module 7 Creating a Testbench For a Module 8 Behavioral Modeling of Combinational Circuits 11 Procedural Models 12 Rules for Synthesizing Combinational Circuits 13 Procedural Modeling of Clocked Sequential Circuits 14 Modeling Finite State Machines 15 Rules for Synthesizing Sequential Systems 18 Non-Blocking Assignment ( |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: SystemVerilog For Design Stuart Sutherland, Simon Davidmann, Peter Flake, 2013-12-01 SystemVerilog is a rich set of extensions to the IEEE 1364-2001 Verilog Hardware Description Language (Verilog HDL). These extensions address two major aspects of HDL based design. First, modeling very large designs with concise, accurate, and intuitive code. Second, writing high-level test programs to efficiently and effectively verify these large designs. This book, SystemVerilog for Design, addresses the first aspect of the SystemVerilog extensions to Verilog. Important modeling features are presented, such as two-state data types, enumerated types, user-defined types, structures, unions, and interfaces. Emphasis is placed on the proper usage of these enhancements for simulation and synthesis. A companion to this book, SystemVerilog for Verification, covers the second aspect of SystemVerilog. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Principles of Verifiable RTL Design Lionel Bening, Harry D. Foster, 2007-05-08 System designers, computer scientists and engineers have c- tinuously invented and employed notations for modeling, speci- ing, simulating, documenting, communicating, teaching, verifying and controlling the designs of digital systems. Initially these s- tems were represented via electronic and fabrication details. F- lowing C. E. Shannon’s revelation of 1948, logic diagrams and Boolean equations were used to represent digital systems in a fa- ion that de-emphasized electronic and fabrication detail while revealing logical behavior. A small number of circuits were made available to remove the abstraction of these representations when it was desirable to do so. As system complexity grew, block diagrams, timing charts, sequence charts, and other graphic and symbolic notations were found to be useful in summarizing the gross features of a system and describing how it operated. In addition, it always seemed necessary or appropriate to augment these documents with lengthy verbal descriptions in a natural language. While each notation was, and still is, a perfectly valid means of expressing a design, lack of standardization, conciseness, and f- mal definitions interfered with communication and the understa- ing between groups of people using different notations. This problem was recognized early and formal languages began to evolve in the 1950s when I. S. Reed discovered that flip-flop input equations were equivalent to a register transfer equation, and that xvi tor-like notation. Expanding these concepts Reed developed a no- tion that became known as a Register Transfer Language (RTL). |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Doing Things with Games Lindsay Grace, 2019-07-01 The book provides a contemporary foundation in designing social impact games. It is structured in 3 parts: understanding, application, and implementation. The book serves as a guide to designing social impact games, particularly focused on the needs of, media professionals, indie game designers and college students. It serves as a guide for people looking to create social impact play, informed by heuristics in game design. Key Features Provides contemporary guide on the use of games to create social impact for beginner to intermediate practitioners o Provides design and implementation strategies for social impact games Provides wide ranging case studies in social impact games Provides professional advice from multiple social impact industry practitioners via sidebar interviews, quotes, and postmortems Provides a quick start guide on creating a variety of social impact engagements across a wide variety of subjects and aims |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: VLSI Design Theory and Practice , 2013 |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Verilog HDL Samir Palnitkar, 2003 VERILOG HDL, Second Editionby Samir PalnitkarWith a Foreword by Prabhu GoelWritten forboth experienced and new users, this book gives you broad coverage of VerilogHDL. The book stresses the practical design and verification perspective ofVerilog rather than emphasizing only the language aspects. The informationpresented is fully compliant with the IEEE 1364-2001 Verilog HDL standard. Among its many features, this edition- bull; bull;Describes state-of-the-art verification methodologies bull;Provides full coverage of gate, dataflow (RTL), behavioral and switch modeling bull;Introduces you to the Programming Language Interface (PLI) bull;Describes logic synthesis methodologies bull;Explains timing and delay simulation bull;Discusses user-defined primitives bull;Offers many practical modeling tips Includes over 300 illustrations, examples, and exercises, and a Verilog resource list.Learning objectives and summaries are provided for each chapter. About the CD-ROMThe CD-ROM contains a Verilog simulator with agraphical user interface and the source code for the examples in the book. Whatpeople are saying about Verilog HDL- Mr.Palnitkar illustrates how and why Verilog HDL is used to develop today'smost complex digital designs. This book is valuable to both the novice and theexperienced Verilog user. I highly recommend it to anyone exploring Verilogbased design. -RajeevMadhavan, Chairman and CEO, Magma Design Automation Thisbook is unique in its breadth of information on Verilog and Verilog-relatedtopics. It is fully compliant with the IEEE 1364-2001 standard, contains allthe information that you need on the basics, and devotes several chapters toadvanced topics such as verification, PLI, synthesis and modelingtechniques. -MichaelMcNamara, Chair, IEEE 1364-2001 Verilog Standards Organization Thishas been my favorite Verilog book since I picked it up in college. It is theonly book that covers practical Verilog. A must have for beginners andexperts. -BerendOzceri, Design Engineer, Cisco Systems, Inc. Simple,logical and well-organized material with plenty of illustrations, makes this anideal textbook. -Arun K. Somani, Jerry R. Junkins Chair Professor,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames PRENTICE HALL Professional Technical Reference Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 www.phptr.com ISBN: 0-13-044911-3 |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Handbook of Digital CMOS Technology, Circuits, and Systems Karim Abbas, 2020-01-14 This book provides a comprehensive reference for everything that has to do with digital circuits. The author focuses equally on all levels of abstraction. He tells a bottom-up story from the physics level to the finished product level. The aim is to provide a full account of the experience of designing, fabricating, understanding, and testing a microchip. The content is structured to be very accessible and self-contained, allowing readers with diverse backgrounds to read as much or as little of the book as needed. Beyond a basic foundation of mathematics and physics, the book makes no assumptions about prior knowledge. This allows someone new to the field to read the book from the beginning. It also means that someone using the book as a reference will be able to answer their questions without referring to any external sources. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Introduction to Python and Spice for Electrical and Computer Engineers James C. Squire, Anthony E. English, 2024-10-04 Introduction to Python and Spice for Electrical and Computer Engineers introduces freshman and sophomore engineering students to programming in Python and Spice through engaged, problem-based learning and dedicated Electrical and Computer Engineering content. This book draws its problems and examples specifically from Electrical and Computer Engineering, covering such topics as matrix algebra, complex exponentials and plotting using examples drawn from circuit analysis, signal processing, and filter design. It teaches relevant computation techniques in the context of solving common problems in Electrical and Computer Engineering.This book is unique among Python textbooks for its dual focus on introductory-level learning and discipline-specific content in Electrical and Computer Engineering. No other textbook on the market currently targets this audience with the same attention to discipline-specific content and engaged learning practices. Although it is primarily an introduction to programming in Python, the book also has a chapter on circuit simulation using Spice. It also includes materials helpful for ABET-accreditation, such information on professional development, ethics, and lifelong learning. - Introduces Electrical and Computer Engineering-specific topics, such as phasor analysis and complex exponentials, that are not covered in generic engineering Python texts - Pedagogically appropriate for freshmen and sophomores with little or no prior programming experience - Teaches both scripts and functions but emphasizes the use of functions since scripts with nonscoped variables are less-commonly encountered after introductory courses - Covers graphics before more abstract programming, supporting early student confidence - Introduces Python commands as needed to solve progressively more complex EE/ECE-specific problems, and includes over 100 embedded, in-chapter questions to check comprehension in stages |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Quick Start Guide to Verilog Brock J. LaMeres, 2019-02-28 This textbook provides a starter’s guide to Verilog, to be used in conjunction with a one-semester course in Digital Systems Design, or on its own for readers who only need an introduction to the language. This book is designed to match the way the material is actually taught in the classroom. Topics are presented in a manner which builds foundational knowledge before moving onto advanced topics. The author has designed the presentation with learning goals and assessment at its core. Each section addresses a specific learning outcome that the student should be able to “do” after its completion. The concept checks and exercise problems provide a rich set of assessment tools to measure student performance on each outcome. Written the way the material is taught, enabling a bottom-up approach to learning which culminates with a high-level of learning, with a solid foundation; Emphasizes examples from which students can learn: contains a solved example for nearly every section in the book; Includes more than 200 exercise problems, as well as concept check questions for each section, tied directly to specific learning outcomes. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Digital System Design with SystemVerilog Mark Zwolinski, 2009-10-23 The Definitive, Up-to-Date Guide to Digital Design with SystemVerilog: Concepts, Techniques, and Code To design state-of-the-art digital hardware, engineers first specify functionality in a high-level Hardware Description Language (HDL)—and today’s most powerful, useful HDL is SystemVerilog, now an IEEE standard. Digital System Design with SystemVerilog is the first comprehensive introduction to both SystemVerilog and the contemporary digital hardware design techniques used with it. Building on the proven approach of his bestselling Digital System Design with VHDL, Mark Zwolinski covers everything engineers need to know to automate the entire design process with SystemVerilog—from modeling through functional simulation, synthesis, timing simulation, and verification. Zwolinski teaches through about a hundred and fifty practical examples, each with carefully detailed syntax and enough in-depth information to enable rapid hardware design and verification. All examples are available for download from the book's companion Web site, zwolinski.org. Coverage includes Using electronic design automation tools with programmable logic and ASIC technologies Essential principles of Boolean algebra and combinational logic design, with discussions of timing and hazards Core modeling techniques: combinational building blocks, buffers, decoders, encoders, multiplexers, adders, and parity checkers Sequential building blocks: latches, flip- flops, registers, counters, memory, and sequential multipliers Designing finite state machines: from ASM chart to D flip-flops, next state, and output logic Modeling interfaces and packages with SystemVerilog Designing testbenches: architecture, constrained random test generation, and assertion-based verification Describing RTL and FPGA synthesis models Understanding and implementing Design-for-Test Exploring anomalous behavior in asynchronous sequential circuits Performing Verilog-AMS and mixed-signal modeling Whatever your experience with digital design, older versions of Verilog, or VHDL, this book will help you discover SystemVerilog’s full power and use it to the fullest. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Advanced Chip Design Kishore Mishra, 2013 The book is intended for digital and system design engineers with emphasis on design and system architecture. The book is broadly divided into two sections - chapters 1 through 10, focusing on the digital design aspects and chapters 11 through 20, focusing on the system aspects of chip design. It comes with real-world examples in Verilog and introduction to SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA). |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Writing Testbenches: Functional Verification of HDL Models Janick Bergeron, 2012-12-06 mental improvements during the same period. What is clearly needed in verification techniques and technology is the equivalent of a synthesis productivity breakthrough. In the second edition of Writing Testbenches, Bergeron raises the verification level of abstraction by introducing coverage-driven constrained-random transaction-level self-checking testbenches all made possible through the introduction of hardware verification languages (HVLs), such as e from Verisity and OpenVera from Synopsys. The state-of-art methodologies described in Writing Test benches will contribute greatly to the much-needed equivalent of a synthesis breakthrough in verification productivity. I not only highly recommend this book, but also I think it should be required reading by anyone involved in design and verification of today's ASIC, SoCs and systems. Harry Foster Chief Architect Verplex Systems, Inc. xviii Writing Testbenches: Functional Verification of HDL Models PREFACE If you survey hardware design groups, you will learn that between 60% and 80% of their effort is now dedicated to verification. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Introduction to Logic Circuits & Logic Design with Verilog Brock J. LaMeres, 2019-04-10 This textbook for courses in Digital Systems Design introduces students to the fundamental hardware used in modern computers. Coverage includes both the classical approach to digital system design (i.e., pen and paper) in addition to the modern hardware description language (HDL) design approach (computer-based). Using this textbook enables readers to design digital systems using the modern HDL approach, but they have a broad foundation of knowledge of the underlying hardware and theory of their designs. This book is designed to match the way the material is actually taught in the classroom. Topics are presented in a manner which builds foundational knowledge before moving onto advanced topics. The author has designed the presentation with learning goals and assessment at its core. Each section addresses a specific learning outcome that the student should be able to “do” after its completion. The concept checks and exercise problems provide a rich set of assessment tools to measure student performance on each outcome. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Cracking Digital VLSI Verification Interview Robin Garg, Ramdas Mozhikunnath, 2016-03-13 How should I prepare for a Digital VLSI Verification Interview? What all topics do I need to know before I turn up for an interview? What all concepts do I need to brush up? What all resources do I have at my disposal for preparation? What does an Interviewer expect in an Interview? These are few questions almost all individuals ponder upon before an interview. If you have these questions in your mind, your search ends here as keeping these questions in their minds, authors have written this book that will act as a golden reference for candidates preparing for Digital VLSI Verification Interviews. Aim of this book is to enable the readers practice and grasp important concepts that are applicable to Digital VLSI Verification domain (and Interviews) through Question and Answer approach. To achieve this aim, authors have not restricted themselves just to the answer. While answering the questions in this book, authors have taken utmost care to explain underlying fundamentals and concepts. This book consists of 500+ questions covering wide range of topics that test fundamental concepts through problem statements (a common interview practice which the authors have seen over last several years). These questions and problem statements are spread across nine chapters and each chapter consists of questions to help readers brush-up, test, and hone fundamental concepts that form basis of Digital VLSI Verification. The scope of this book however, goes beyond technical concepts. Behavioral skills also form a critical part of working culture of any company. Hence, this book consists of a section that lists down behavioral interview questions as well. Topics covered in this book:1. Digital Logic Design (Number Systems, Gates, Combinational, Sequential Circuits, State Machines, and other Design problems)2. Computer Architecture (Processor Architecture, Caches, Memory Systems)3. Programming (Basics, OOP, UNIX/Linux, C/C++, Perl)4. Hardware Description Languages (Verilog, SystemVerilog)5. Fundamentals of Verification (Verification Basics, Strategies, and Thinking problems)6. Verification Methodologies (UVM, Formal, Power, Clocking, Coverage, Assertions)7. Version Control Systems (CVS, GIT, SVN)8. Logical Reasoning/Puzzles (Related to Digital Logic, General Reasoning, Lateral Thinking)9. Non Technical and Behavioral Questions (Most commonly asked)In addition to technical and behavioral part, this book touches upon a typical interview process and gives a glimpse of latest interview trends. It also lists some general tips and Best-Known-Methods to enable the readers follow correct preparation approach from day-1 of their preparations. Knowing what an Interviewer looks for in an interviewee is always an icing on the cake as it helps a person prepare accordingly. Hence, authors of this book spoke to few leaders in the semiconductor industry and asked their personal views on What do they look for while Interviewing candidates and how do they usually arrive at a decision if a candidate should be hired?. These leaders have been working in the industry from many-many years now and they have interviewed lots of candidates over past several years. Hear directly from these leaders as to what they look for in candidates before hiring them. Enjoy reading this book. Authors are open to your feedback. Please do provide your valuable comments, ratings, and reviews. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Digital Design (Verilog) Peter J. Ashenden, 2007-10-24 Digital Design: An Embedded Systems Approach Using Verilog provides a foundation in digital design for students in computer engineering, electrical engineering and computer science courses. It takes an up-to-date and modern approach of presenting digital logic design as an activity in a larger systems design context. Rather than focus on aspects of digital design that have little relevance in a realistic design context, this book concentrates on modern and evolving knowledge and design skills. Hardware description language (HDL)-based design and verification is emphasized--Verilog examples are used extensively throughout. By treating digital logic as part of embedded systems design, this book provides an understanding of the hardware needed in the analysis and design of systems comprising both hardware and software components. Includes a Web site with links to vendor tools, labs and tutorials. - Presents digital logic design as an activity in a larger systems design context - Features extensive use of Verilog examples to demonstrate HDL (hardware description language) usage at the abstract behavioural level and register transfer level, as well as for low-level verification and verification environments - Includes worked examples throughout to enhance the reader's understanding and retention of the material - Companion Web site includes links to tools for FPGA design from Synplicity, Mentor Graphics, and Xilinx, Verilog source code for all the examples in the book, lecture slides, laboratory projects, and solutions to exercises |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: BSV by Example Rishiyur S. Nikhil, Kathy R. Czeck, 2010 BSV (Bluespec System Verilog) is a language used in the design of electronic systems (ASIC's, FPGA's and systems) -- P. 13. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: A Practical Guide for SystemVerilog Assertions Srikanth Vijayaraghavan, Meyyappan Ramanathan, 2006-07-04 SystemVerilog language consists of three very specific areas of constructs -- design, assertions and testbench. Assertions add a whole new dimension to the ASIC verification process. Assertions provide a better way to do verification proactively. Traditionally, engineers are used to writing verilog test benches that help simulate their design. Verilog is a procedural language and is very limited in capabilities to handle the complex Asic's built today. SystemVerilog assertions (SVA) are a declarative and temporal language that provides excellent control over time and parallelism. This provides the designers a very strong tool to solve their verification problems. While the language is built solid, the thinking is very different from the user's perspective when compared to standard verilog language. The concept is still very new and there is not enough expertise in the field to adopt this methodology and be successful. While the language has been defined very well, there is no practical guide that shows how to use the language to solve real verification problems. This book will be the practical guide that will help people to understand this new methodology. Today's SoC complexity coupled with time-to-market and first-silicon success pressures make assertion based verification a requirement and this book points the way to effective use of assertions. Satish S. Iyengar, Director, ASIC Engineering, Crimson Microsystems, Inc. This book benefits both the beginner and the more advanced users of SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA). First by introducing the concept of Assertion Based Verification (ABV) in a simple to understand way, then by discussing the myriad of ideas in a broader scope that SVA can accommodate. The many real life examples, provided throughout the book, are especially useful. Irwan Sie, Director, IC Design, ESS Technology, Inc. SystemVerilogAssertions is a new language that can find and isolate bugs early in the design cycle. This book shows how to verify complex protocols and memories using SVA with seeral examples. This book is a good reference guide for both design and verification engineers. Derick Lin, Senior Director, Engineering, Airgo Networks, Inc. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Digital Design and Computer Architecture David Money Harris, Sarah L. Harris, 2013 Provides practical examples of how to interface with peripherals using RS232, SPI, motor control, interrupts, wireless, and analog-to-digital conversion. This book covers the fundamentals of digital logic design and reinforces logic concepts through the design of a MIPS microprocessor. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Professional Practice in Artificial Intelligence John Debenham, 2006-07-27 The Second Symposium on Professional Practice in AI 2006 is a conference within the IFIP World Computer Congress 2006, Santiago, Chile. The Symposium is organised by the IFIP Technical Committee on Artificial Intelligence (Technical Committee 12) and its Working Group 12.5 (Artificial Intelligence Applications). The First Symposium in this series was one of the conferences in the IFIP World Computer Congi-ess 2004, Toulouse France. The conference featured invited talks by Rose Dieng, John Atkinson, John Debenham and Max Bramer. The Symposium was a component of the IFIP AI 2006 conference, organised by Professor Max Bramer. I should like to thank the Symposium General Chair, Professor Bramer for his considerable assistance in making the Symposium happen within a very tight deadline. These proceedings are the result of a considerable amount of hard work. Beginning with the preparation of the submitted papers, the papers were each reviewed by at least two members of the international Program Committee. The authors of accepted papers then revised their manuscripts to produce their final copy. The hard work of the authors, the referees and the Program Committee is gratefully aclaiowledged. The IFIP AI 2006 conference and the Symposium are the latest in a series of conferences organised by IFIP Technical Committee 12 dedicated to the techniques of Aitificial Intelligence and their real-world applications. Further infoirmation about TC12 can be found on our website http;//www.ifiptcI2.org. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Embedded System Design Frank Vahid, Tony D. Givargis, 2001-10-17 This book introduces a modern approach to embedded system design, presenting software design and hardware design in a unified manner. It covers trends and challenges, introduces the design and use of single-purpose processors (hardware) and general-purpose processors (software), describes memories and buses, illustrates hardware/software tradeoffs using a digital camera example, and discusses advanced computation models, controls systems, chip technologies, and modern design tools. For courses found in EE, CS and other engineering departments. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Designing Video Game Hardware in Verilog Steven Hugg, 2018-12-15 This book attempts to capture the spirit of the ''Bronze Age'' of video games, when video games were designed as circuits, not as software. We'll delve into these circuits as they morph from Pong into programmable personal computers and game consoles. Instead of wire-wrap and breadboards, we'll use modern tools to approximate these old designs in a simulated environment from the comfort of our keyboards. At the end of this adventure, you should be well-equipped to begin exploring the world of FPGAs, and maybe even design your own game console. You'll use the 8bitworkshop.com IDE to write Verilog programs that represent digital circuits, and see your code run instantly in the browser. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Hardware Verification with System Verilog Mike Mintz, Robert Ekendahl, 2007-05-03 This is the second of our books designed to help the professional verifier manage complexity. This time, we have responded to a growing interest not only in object-oriented programming but also in SystemVerilog. The writing of this second handbook has been just another step in an ongoing masochistic endeavor to make your professional lives as painfree as possible. The authors are not special people. We have worked in several companies, large and small, made mistakes, and generally muddled through our work. There are many people in the industry who are smarter than we are, and many coworkers who are more experienced. However, we have a strong desire to help. We have been in the lab when we bring up the chips fresh from the fab, with customers and sales breathing down our necks. We’ve been through software 1 bring-up and worked on drivers that had to work around bugs in production chips. What we feel makes us unique is our combined broad experience from both the software and hardware worlds. Mike has over 20 years of experience from the software world that he applies in this book to hardware verification. Robert has over 12 years of experience with hardware verification, with a focus on environments and methodology. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Reuse Methodology Manual Pierre Bricaud, 2012-12-06 Silicon technology now allows us to build chips consisting of tens of millions of transistors. This technology not only promises new levels of system integration onto a single chip, but also presents significant challenges to the chip designer. As a result, many ASIC developers and silicon vendors are re-examining their design methodologies, searching for ways to make effective use of the huge numbers of gates now available. These designers see current design tools and methodologies as inadequate for developing million-gate ASICs from scratch. There is considerable pressure to keep design team size and design schedules constant even as design complexities grow. Tools are not providing the productivity gains required to keep pace with the increasing gate counts available from deep submicron technology. Design reuse - the use of pre-designed and pre-verified cores - is the most promising opportunity to bridge the gap between available gate-count and designer productivity. Reuse Methodology Manual for System-On-A-Chip Designs, Second Edition outlines an effective methodology for creating reusable designs for use in a System-on-a-Chip (SoC) design methodology. Silicon and tool technologies move so quickly that no single methodology can provide a permanent solution to this highly dynamic problem. Instead, this manual is an attempt to capture and incrementally improve on current best practices in the industry, and to give a coherent, integrated view of the design process. Reuse Methodology Manual for System-On-A-Chip Designs, Second Edition will be updated on a regular basis as a result of changing technology and improved insight into the problems of design reuse and its role in producing high-quality SoC designs. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Verilog — 2001 Stuart Sutherland, 2012-12-06 by Phil Moorby The Verilog Hardware Description Language has had an amazing impact on the mod em electronics industry, considering that the essential composition of the language was developed in a surprisingly short period of time, early in 1984. Since its introduc tion, Verilog has changed very little. Over time, users have requested many improve ments to meet new methodology needs. But, it is a complex and time consuming process to add features to a language without ambiguity, and maintaining consistency. A group of Verilog enthusiasts, the IEEE 1364 Verilog committee, have broken the Verilog feature doldrums. These individuals should be applauded. They invested the time and energy, often their personal time, to understand and resolve an extensive wish-list of language enhancements. They took on the task of choosing a feature set that would stand up to the scrutiny of the standardization process. I would like to per sonally thank this group. They have shown that it is possible to evolve Verilog, rather than having to completely start over with some revolutionary new language. The Verilog 1364-2001 standard provides many of the advanced building blocks that users have requested. The enhancements include key components for verification, abstract design, and other new methodology capabilities. As designers tackle advanced issues such as automated verification, system partitioning, etc., the Verilog standard will rise to meet the continuing challenge of electronics design. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: RTL Hardware Design Using VHDL Pong P. Chu, 2006-04-20 The skills and guidance needed to master RTL hardware design This book teaches readers how to systematically design efficient, portable, and scalable Register Transfer Level (RTL) digital circuits using the VHDL hardware description language and synthesis software. Focusing on the module-level design, which is composed of functional units, routing circuit, and storage, the book illustrates the relationship between the VHDL constructs and the underlying hardware components, and shows how to develop codes that faithfully reflect the module-level design and can be synthesized into efficient gate-level implementation. Several unique features distinguish the book: * Coding style that shows a clear relationship between VHDL constructs and hardware components * Conceptual diagrams that illustrate the realization of VHDL codes * Emphasis on the code reuse * Practical examples that demonstrate and reinforce design concepts, procedures, and techniques * Two chapters on realizing sequential algorithms in hardware * Two chapters on scalable and parameterized designs and coding * One chapter covering the synchronization and interface between multiple clock domains Although the focus of the book is RTL synthesis, it also examines the synthesis task from the perspective of the overall development process. Readers learn good design practices and guidelines to ensure that an RTL design can accommodate future simulation, verification, and testing needs, and can be easily incorporated into a larger system or reused. Discussion is independent of technology and can be applied to both ASIC and FPGA devices. With a balanced presentation of fundamentals and practical examples, this is an excellent textbook for upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses in advanced digital logic. Engineers who need to make effective use of today's synthesis software and FPGA devices should also refer to this book. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: The Designer’s Guide to Verilog-AMS Ken Kundert, Olaf Zinke, 2005-12-19 The Verilog Hardware Description Language (Verilog-HDL) has long been the most popular language for describing complex digital hardware. It started life as a prop- etary language but was donated by Cadence Design Systems to the design community to serve as the basis of an open standard. That standard was formalized in 1995 by the IEEE in standard 1364-1995. About that same time a group named Analog Verilog International formed with the intent of proposing extensions to Verilog to support analog and mixed-signal simulation. The first fruits of the labor of that group became available in 1996 when the language definition of Verilog-A was released. Verilog-A was not intended to work directly with Verilog-HDL. Rather it was a language with Similar syntax and related semantics that was intended to model analog systems and be compatible with SPICE-class circuit simulation engines. The first implementation of Verilog-A soon followed: a version from Cadence that ran on their Spectre circuit simulator. As more implementations of Verilog-A became available, the group defining the a- log and mixed-signal extensions to Verilog continued their work, releasing the defi- tion of Verilog-AMS in 2000. Verilog-AMS combines both Verilog-HDL and Verilog-A, and adds additional mixed-signal constructs, providing a hardware description language suitable for analog, digital, and mixed-signal systems. Again, Cadence was first to release an implementation of this new language, in a product named AMS Designer that combines their Verilog and Spectre simulation engines. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Circuit Design with VHDL, third edition Volnei A. Pedroni, 2020-04-14 A completely updated and expanded comprehensive treatment of VHDL and its applications to the design and simulation of real, industry-standard circuits. This comprehensive treatment of VHDL and its applications to the design and simulation of real, industry-standard circuits has been completely updated and expanded for the third edition. New features include all VHDL-2008 constructs, an extensive review of digital circuits, RTL analysis, and an unequaled collection of VHDL examples and exercises. The book focuses on the use of VHDL rather than solely on the language, with an emphasis on design examples and laboratory exercises. The third edition begins with a detailed review of digital circuits (combinatorial, sequential, state machines, and FPGAs), thus providing a self-contained single reference for the teaching of digital circuit design with VHDL. In its coverage of VHDL-2008, it makes a clear distinction between VHDL for synthesis and VHDL for simulation. The text offers complete VHDL codes in examples as well as simulation results and comments. The significantly expanded examples and exercises include many not previously published, with multiple physical demonstrations meant to inspire and motivate students. The book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students in VHDL and digital circuit design, and can be used as a professional reference for VHDL practitioners. It can also serve as a text for digital VLSI in-house or academic courses. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Principles of Verilog Digital Design Wen-Long Chin, 2022-02-27 Covering both the fundamentals and the in-depth topics related to Verilog digital design, both students and experts can benefit from reading this book by gaining a comprehensive understanding of how modern electronic products are designed and implemented. Principles of Verilog Digital Design contains many hands-on examples accompanied by RTL codes that together can bring a beginner into the digital design realm without needing too much background in the subject area. This book has a particular focus on how to transform design concepts into physical implementations using architecture and timing diagrams. Common mistakes a beginner or even an experienced engineer can make are summarized and addressed as well. Beyond the legal details of Verilog codes, the book additionally presents what uses Verilog codes have through some pertinent design principles. Moreover, students reading this book will gain knowledge about system-level design concepts. Several ASIC designs are illustrated in detail as well. In addition to design principles and skills, modern design methodology and how it is carried out in practice today are explored in depth as well. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Digital Design M. Morris Mano, Michael D. Ciletti, 2013 Digital Design, fifth edition is a modern update of the classic authoritative text on digital design. This book teaches the basic concepts of digital design in a clear, accessible manner. The book presents the basic tools for the design of digital circuits and provides procedures suitable for a variety of digital applications. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Hardware Design and Petri Nets Alex Yakovlev, Alexandre Yakovlev, Luis Gomes, Luciano Lavagno, 2000-02-29 Hardware Design and Petri Nets presents a summary of the state of the art in the applications of Petri nets to designing digital systems and circuits. The area of hardware design has traditionally been a fertile field for research in concurrency and Petri nets. Many new ideas about modelling and analysis of concurrent systems, and Petri nets in particular, originated in theory of asynchronous digital circuits. Similarly, the theory and practice of digital circuit design have always recognized Petri nets as a powerful and easy-to-understand modelling tool. The ever-growing demand in the electronic industry for design automation to build various types of computer-based systems creates many opportunities for Petri nets to establish their role of a formal backbone in future tools for constructing systems that are increasingly becoming distributed, concurrent and asynchronous. Petri nets have already proved very effective in supporting algorithms for solving key problems in synthesis of hardware control circuits. However, since the front end to any realistic design flow in the future is likely to rely on more pragmatic Hardware Description Languages (HDLs), such as VHDL and Verilog, it is crucial that Petri nets are well interfaced to such languages. Hardware Design and Petri Nets is divided into five parts, which cover aspects of behavioral modelling, analysis and verification, synthesis from Petri nets and STGs, design environments based on high-level Petri nets and HDLs, and finally performance analysis using Petri nets. Hardware Design and Petri Nets serves as an excellent reference source and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Basic VLSI Design Technology Cherry Bhargava, Gaurav Mani Khanal, 2022-09-01 The current cutting-edge VLSI circuit design technologies provide end-users with many applications, increased processing power and improved cost effectiveness. This trend is accelerating, with significant implications on future VLSI and systems design. VLSI design engineers are always in demand for front-end and back-end design applications.The book aims to give future and current VSLI design engineers a robust understanding of the underlying principles of the subject. It not only focuses on circuit design processes obeying VLSI rules but also on technological aspects of fabrication. The Hardware Description Language (HDL) Verilog is explained along with its modelling style. The book also covers CMOS design from the digital systems level to the circuit level. The book clearly explains fundamental principles and is a guide to good design practices.The book is intended as a reference book for senior undergraduate, first-year post graduate students, researchers as well as academicians in VLSI design, electronics & electrical engineering and materials science. The basics and applications of VLSI design from digital system design to IC fabrication and FPGA Prototyping are each covered in a comprehensive manner. At the end of each unit is a section with technical questions including solutions which will serve as an excellent teaching aid to all readers.Technical topics discussed in the book include: • Digital System Design• Design flow for IC fabrication and FPGA based prototyping • Verilog HDL• IC Fabrication Technology• CMOS VLSI Design• Miscellaneous (It covers basics of Electronics, and Reconfigurable computing, PLDs, Latest technology etc.). |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Digital Logic Design Brian Holdsworth, Clive Woods, 2002-11-01 New, updated and expanded topics in the fourth edition include: EBCDIC, Grey code, practical applications of flip-flops, linear and shaft encoders, memory elements and FPGAs. The section on fault-finding has been expanded. A new chapter is dedicated to the interface between digital components and analog voltages. - A highly accessible, comprehensive and fully up to date digital systems text - A well known and respected text now revamped for current courses - Part of the Newnes suite of texts for HND/1st year modules |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Effective Coding with VHDL Ricardo Jasinski, 2016-05-27 A guide to applying software design principles and coding practices to VHDL to improve the readability, maintainability, and quality of VHDL code. This book addresses an often-neglected aspect of the creation of VHDL designs. A VHDL description is also source code, and VHDL designers can use the best practices of software development to write high-quality code and to organize it in a design. This book presents this unique set of skills, teaching VHDL designers of all experience levels how to apply the best design principles and coding practices from the software world to the world of hardware. The concepts introduced here will help readers write code that is easier to understand and more likely to be correct, with improved readability, maintainability, and overall quality. After a brief review of VHDL, the book presents fundamental design principles for writing code, discussing such topics as design, quality, architecture, modularity, abstraction, and hierarchy. Building on these concepts, the book then introduces and provides recommendations for each basic element of VHDL code, including statements, design units, types, data objects, and subprograms. The book covers naming data objects and functions, commenting the source code, and visually presenting the code on the screen. All recommendations are supported by detailed rationales. Finally, the book explores two uses of VHDL: synthesis and testbenches. It examines the key characteristics of code intended for synthesis (distinguishing it from code meant for simulation) and then demonstrates the design and implementation of testbenches with a series of examples that verify different kinds of models, including combinational, sequential, and FSM code. Examples from the book are also available on a companion website, enabling the reader to experiment with the complete source code. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Advanced HDL Synthesis and SOC Prototyping Vaibbhav Taraate, 2018-12-15 This book describes RTL design using Verilog, synthesis and timing closure for System On Chip (SOC) design blocks. It covers the complex RTL design scenarios and challenges for SOC designs and provides practical information on performance improvements in SOC, as well as Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) designs. Prototyping using modern high density Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) is discussed in this book with the practical examples and case studies. The book discusses SOC design, performance improvement techniques, testing and system level verification, while also describing the modern Intel FPGA/XILINX FPGA architectures and their use in SOC prototyping. Further, the book covers the Synopsys Design Compiler (DC) and Prime Time (PT) commands, and how they can be used to optimize complex ASIC/SOC designs. The contents of this book will be useful to students and professionals alike. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: FPGA Prototyping by VHDL Examples Pong P. Chu, 2011-09-20 This book uses a learn by doing approach to introduce the concepts and techniques of VHDL and FPGA to designers through a series of hands-on experiments. FPGA Prototyping by VHDL Examples provides a collection of clear, easy-to-follow templates for quick code development; a large number of practical examples to illustrate and reinforce the concepts and design techniques; realistic projects that can be implemented and tested on a Xilinx prototyping board; and a thorough exploration of the Xilinx PicoBlaze soft-core microcontroller. |
| verilog practice problems with solutions: Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design Stephen D. Brown, Zvonko G. Vranesic, 2008 |
What is the difference between == and === in Verilog?
Some data types in Verilog, such as reg, are 4-state. This means that each bit can be one of 4 values: 0,1,x,z. This means that each bit can be one of 4 values: 0,1,x,z. With the "case …
What is the difference between = and <= in Verilog?
Feb 16, 2016 · <= is a nonblocking assignment. It is used to describe sequential logic, like in your code example. Refer to IEEE Std 1800-2012, section 10.4.2 "Nonblocking procedural …
verilog - What is `+:` and `-:`? - Stack Overflow
Normal part selects in Verilog require constants. So attempting the above with something like dword[i+7:i] is not allowed. So if you want to select a particular byte using a variable select, you …
<= Assignment Operator in Verilog - Stack Overflow
Aug 22, 2018 · "<=" in Verilog is called non-blocking assignment which brings a whole lot of difference than "=" which is called as blocking assignment because of scheduling events in any …
verilog - What is the difference between single (&) and double ...
Jun 26, 2013 · This isn't quite correct. In Verilog, a vector (or any other) object is 'true' if it is non-zero, and it is known - in other words, it does not contain x/z metavalues. So, it's not 'tested for …
operator in verilog - Stack Overflow
Jul 17, 2013 · i have a verilog code in which there is a line as follows: parameter ADDR_WIDTH = 8 ; parameter RAM_DEPTH = 1 << ADDR_WIDTH; here what will be stored in RAM_DEPTH …
vhdl - Verilog question mark (?) operator - Stack Overflow
Sep 9, 2012 · I'm trying to translate a Verilog program into VHDL and have stumbled across a statement where a question mark (?) operator is used in the Verilog program. The following is …
Verilog ** Notation - Stack Overflow
May 24, 2017 · Double asterisk is a "power" operator introduced in Verilog 2001. It is an arithmetic operator that takes left hand side operand to the power of right hand side operand. In other …
verilog - Order of bits in reg declaration - Stack Overflow
If I need to use 4 8-bit numbers, I would declare the following reg: reg [7:0] numbers [3:0] I'm quite confused about the difference between the first and second declaration ([7:0] and [3:0]).
system verilog - Indexing vectors and arrays with - Stack Overflow
Verilog: Better syntax for many cases in a case structure. 2. Non-constant indexing for a logic statement ...
What is the difference between == and === in Verilog?
Some data types in Verilog, such as reg, are 4-state. This means that each bit can be one of 4 values: 0,1,x,z. This means that each bit can be one of 4 values: 0,1,x,z. With the "case …
What is the difference between = and <= in Verilog?
Feb 16, 2016 · <= is a nonblocking assignment. It is used to describe sequential logic, like in your code example. Refer to IEEE Std 1800-2012, section 10.4.2 "Nonblocking procedural …
verilog - What is `+:` and `-:`? - Stack Overflow
Normal part selects in Verilog require constants. So attempting the above with something like dword[i+7:i] is not allowed. So if you want to select a particular byte using a variable select, …
<= Assignment Operator in Verilog - Stack Overflow
Aug 22, 2018 · "<=" in Verilog is called non-blocking assignment which brings a whole lot of difference than "=" which is called as blocking assignment because of scheduling events in …
verilog - What is the difference between single (&) and double ...
Jun 26, 2013 · This isn't quite correct. In Verilog, a vector (or any other) object is 'true' if it is non-zero, and it is known - in other words, it does not contain x/z metavalues. So, it's not 'tested for …
operator in verilog - Stack Overflow
Jul 17, 2013 · i have a verilog code in which there is a line as follows: parameter ADDR_WIDTH = 8 ; parameter RAM_DEPTH = 1 << ADDR_WIDTH; here what will be stored in RAM_DEPTH …
vhdl - Verilog question mark (?) operator - Stack Overflow
Sep 9, 2012 · I'm trying to translate a Verilog program into VHDL and have stumbled across a statement where a question mark (?) operator is used in the Verilog program. The following is …
Verilog ** Notation - Stack Overflow
May 24, 2017 · Double asterisk is a "power" operator introduced in Verilog 2001. It is an arithmetic operator that takes left hand side operand to the power of right hand side operand. In other …
verilog - Order of bits in reg declaration - Stack Overflow
If I need to use 4 8-bit numbers, I would declare the following reg: reg [7:0] numbers [3:0] I'm quite confused about the difference between the first and second declaration ([7:0] and [3:0]).
system verilog - Indexing vectors and arrays with - Stack Overflow
Verilog: Better syntax for many cases in a case structure. 2. Non-constant indexing for a logic statement ...
