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| unequal city carla shedd: Ghosts in the Schoolyard Eve L. Ewing, 2020-04-10 “Failing schools. Underprivileged schools. Just plain bad schools.” That’s how Eve L. Ewing opens Ghosts in the Schoolyard: describing Chicago Public Schools from the outside. The way politicians and pundits and parents of kids who attend other schools talk about them, with a mix of pity and contempt. But Ewing knows Chicago Public Schools from the inside: as a student, then a teacher, and now a scholar who studies them. And that perspective has shown her that public schools are not buildings full of failures—they’re an integral part of their neighborhoods, at the heart of their communities, storehouses of history and memory that bring people together. Never was that role more apparent than in 2013 when Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced an unprecedented wave of school closings. Pitched simultaneously as a solution to a budget problem, a response to declining enrollments, and a chance to purge bad schools that were dragging down the whole system, the plan was met with a roar of protest from parents, students, and teachers. But if these schools were so bad, why did people care so much about keeping them open, to the point that some would even go on a hunger strike? Ewing’s answer begins with a story of systemic racism, inequality, bad faith, and distrust that stretches deep into Chicago history. Rooting her exploration in the historic African American neighborhood of Bronzeville, Ewing reveals that this issue is about much more than just schools. Black communities see the closing of their schools—schools that are certainly less than perfect but that are theirs—as one more in a long line of racist policies. The fight to keep them open is yet another front in the ongoing struggle of black people in America to build successful lives and achieve true self-determination. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Green Gentrification Kenneth Gould, Tammy Lewis, 2016-07-15 Green Gentrification looks at the social consequences of urban greening from an environmental justice and sustainable development perspective. Through a comparative examination of five cases of urban greening in Brooklyn, New York, it demonstrates that such initiatives, while positive for the environment, tend to increase inequality and thus undermine the social pillar of sustainable development. Although greening is ostensibly intended to improve environmental conditions in neighborhoods, it generates green gentrification that pushes out the working-class, and people of color, and attracts white, wealthier in-migrants. Simply put, urban greening richens and whitens, remaking the city for the sustainability class. Without equity-oriented public policy intervention, urban greening is negatively redistributive in global cities. This book argues that environmental injustice outcomes are not inevitable. Early public policy interventions aimed at neighborhood stabilization can create more just sustainability outcomes. It highlights the negative social consequences of green growth coalition efforts to green the global city, and suggests policy choices to address them. The book applies the lessons learned from green gentrification in Brooklyn to urban greening initiatives globally. It offers comparison with other greening global cities. This is a timely and original book for all those studying environmental justice, urban planning, environmental sociology, and sustainable development as well as urban environmental activists, city planners and policy makers interested in issues of urban greening and gentrification. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Black Boys Apart Freeden Blume Oeur, 2018-08-07 How neoliberalism and the politics of respectability are transforming African American manhood While single-sex public schools face much criticism, many Black communities see in them a great promise: that they can remedy a crisis for their young men. Black Boys Apart reveals triumphs, hope, and heartbreak at two all-male schools, a public high school and a charter high school, drawing on Freeden Blume Oeur’s ethnographic work. We meet young men who felt their schools empowered and emasculated them, parents who were frustrated with co-ed schools, teachers who helped pave the road to college, and administrators who saw in Black male academies the advantages of privatizing education. While the two schools have distinctive histories and ultimately charted different paths, they were both shaped by the convergence of neoliberal ideologies and a politics of Black respectability. As Blume Oeur reveals, all-boys education is less a school reform initiative and instead joins a legacy of efforts to reform Black manhood during periods of stark racial inequality. Black male academies join long-standing attempts to achieve racial uplift in Black communities, but in ways that elevate exceptional young men and aggravate divisions within those communities. Black Boys Apart shows all-boys schools to be an odd mix of democratic empowerment and market imperatives, racial segregation and intentional sex separation, strict discipline and loving care. Challenging narratives that endorse these schools for nurturing individual resilience in young Black men, this perceptive and penetrating ethnography argues for a holistic approach in which Black communities and their allies promote a collective resilience. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Academic Apartheid Sean J. Drake, 2022-03-22 Introduction : segregated schools and disadvantaged students in an affluent neighborhood -- If you're not in AP classes, then who are you?: how pinnacle's institutional culture stratified the student body -- The symbolic criminalization of failure -- the segregation of teaching and learning -- The institutionalization of ethnic capital -- We've failed these kids : missed opportunities and signs of hope -- Conclusion -- Methodological postscript. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Making Sense of Research Elaine K. McEwan, Patrick J. McEwan, 2003-03-14 This book is for practitioners at all levels, from teachers making site-specific decisions to administrators making schoolwide and policy decisions. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Latina Teachers Glenda M. Flores, 2017-06-13 1. From Americanization to Latinization 2. I Just Fell into It: Pathways into the Teaching Profession 3. Cultural Guardians: The Professional Missions of Latina Teachers 4. Co-ethnic Cultural Guardianship: Space, Race and Region 5. Bicultural Myths, Rifts and Shifts 6. Standardized Tests and Workplace Tensions. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Criminal Justice Contact and Inequality Kristin Turney, Sara Wakefield, 2019-02-18 Policymakers and the public are increasingly aware of the dire consequences of mass incarceration for millions of individuals and families. However, incarceration is only one component of the larger criminal justice system. Many more individuals have contact with the criminal justice system through arrests, misdemeanor convictions, and the accumulation of fines and fees, without spending time behind bars. In this issue of RSF, editors sociologist Kristin Turney and criminologist Sara Wakefield and a multi-disciplinary group of authors analyze how the range of criminal justice contact create, maintain, and exacerbate inequalities. Contributors show that the vast scope of the criminal justice system disproportionately targets low-income and minority populations, with serious consequences across the life course. Several articles explore the ramifications of ongoing surveillance. Amanda Geller and Jeffrey Fagan survey adolescents who come into contact with law enforcement and find that intrusive police stops contribute to heightened cynicism toward the legal system, suggesting that aggressive policing weakens youths' deference to law and legal authorities. Robert Vargas and coauthors study police-dispatcher radio communications and show that data breaches where the dispatcher reveals confidential identifying information about individuals reporting criminal activity are more common in predominantly black and Latino neighborhoods. Because police scanners are accessible by the public, these breaches make residents more vulnerable to criminals, gangs, or predatory businesses. Other contributors explore the effects of criminal justice contact on family life. Frank Edwards examines how families' interactions with the child welfare system differ by race and shows that black and Native American families living in counties with high arrest rates are more likely to be investigated for child abuse and neglect than similar families in counties with low arrest rates. For whites, by contrast, poverty--rather than arrests--is the strongest predictor for contact with the child welfare system. In an ethnographic study of bail bond agents, Joshua Page and coauthors find that this industry uses predatory methods to extract bail from the female relatives and partners of incarcerated individuals, increasing financial hardship particularly among low-income women of color. The criminal justice system is an institution of social stratification in the United States. By documenting how regimes of punishment and surveillance extend far beyond prison, this issue advances our understanding of how social inequalities are perpetuated by a supposedly impartial system. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Whither Opportunity? Greg J. Duncan, Richard J. Murnane, 2011-09-01 As the incomes of affluent and poor families have diverged over the past three decades, so too has the educational performance of their children. But how exactly do the forces of rising inequality affect the educational attainment and life chances of low-income children? In Whither Opportunity? a distinguished team of economists, sociologists, and experts in social and education policy examines the corrosive effects of unequal family resources, disadvantaged neighborhoods, insecure labor markets, and worsening school conditions on K-12 education. This groundbreaking book illuminates the ways rising inequality is undermining one of the most important goals of public education—the ability of schools to provide children with an equal chance at academic and economic success. The most ambitious study of educational inequality to date, Whither Opportunity? analyzes how social and economic conditions surrounding schools affect school performance and children’s educational achievement. The book shows that from earliest childhood, parental investments in children’s learning affect reading, math, and other attainments later in life. Contributor Meredith Phillip finds that between birth and age six, wealthier children will have spent as many as 1,300 more hours than poor children on child enrichment activities such as music lessons, travel, and summer camp. Greg Duncan, George Farkas, and Katherine Magnuson demonstrate that a child from a poor family is two to four times as likely as a child from an affluent family to have classmates with low skills and behavior problems – attributes which have a negative effect on the learning of their fellow students. As a result of such disparities, contributor Sean Reardon finds that the gap between rich and poor children’s math and reading achievement scores is now much larger than it was fifty years ago. And such income-based gaps persist across the school years, as Martha Bailey and Sue Dynarski document in their chapter on the growing income-based gap in college completion. Whither Opportunity? also reveals the profound impact of environmental factors on children’s educational progress and schools’ functioning. Elizabeth Ananat, Anna Gassman-Pines, and Christina Gibson-Davis show that local job losses such as those caused by plant closings can lower the test scores of students with low socioeconomic status, even students whose parents have not lost their jobs. They find that community-wide stress is most likely the culprit. Analyzing the math achievement of elementary school children, Stephen Raudenbush, Marshall Jean, and Emily Art find that students learn less if they attend schools with high student turnover during the school year – a common occurrence in poor schools. And David Kirk and Robert Sampson show that teacher commitment, parental involvement, and student achievement in schools in high-crime neighborhoods all tend to be low. For generations of Americans, public education provided the springboard to upward mobility. This pioneering volume casts a stark light on the ways rising inequality may now be compromising schools’ functioning, and with it the promise of equal opportunity in America. |
| unequal city carla shedd: The Long Shadow Karl Alexander, Doris Entwisle, Linda Olson, 2014-05-31 A volume in the American Sociological Association's Rose Series in Sociology West Baltimore stands out in the popular imagination as the quintessential “inner city”—gritty, run-down, and marred by drugs and gang violence. Indeed, with the collapse of manufacturing jobs in the 1970s, the area experienced a rapid onset of poverty and high unemployment, with few public resources available to alleviate economic distress. But in stark contrast to the image of a perpetual “urban underclass” depicted in television by shows like The Wire, sociologists Karl Alexander, Doris Entwisle, and Linda Olson present a more nuanced portrait of Baltimore’s inner city residents that employs important new research on the significance of early-life opportunities available to low-income populations. The Long Shadow focuses on children who grew up in west Baltimore neighborhoods and others like them throughout the city, tracing how their early lives in the inner city have affected their long-term well-being. Although research for this book was conducted in Baltimore, that city’s struggles with deindustrialization, white flight, and concentrated poverty were characteristic of most East Coast and Midwest manufacturing cities. The experience of Baltimore’s children who came of age during this era is mirrored in the experiences of urban children across the nation. For 25 years, the authors of The Long Shadow tracked the life progress of a group of almost 800 predominantly low-income Baltimore school children through the Beginning School Study Youth Panel (BSSYP). The study monitored the children’s transitions to young adulthood with special attention to how opportunities available to them as early as first grade shaped their socioeconomic status as adults. The authors’ fine-grained analysis confirms that the children who lived in more cohesive neighborhoods, had stronger families, and attended better schools tended to maintain a higher economic status later in life. As young adults, they held higher-income jobs and had achieved more personal milestones (such as marriage) than their lower-status counterparts. Differences in race and gender further stratified life opportunities for the Baltimore children. As one of the first studies to closely examine the outcomes of inner-city whites in addition to African Americans, data from the BSSYP shows that by adulthood, white men of lower status family background, despite attaining less education on average, were more likely to be employed than any other group in part due to family connections and long-standing racial biases in Baltimore’s industrial economy. Gender imbalances were also evident: the women, who were more likely to be working in low-wage service and clerical jobs, earned less than men. African American women were doubly disadvantaged insofar as they were less likely to be in a stable relationship than white women, and therefore less likely to benefit from a second income. Combining original interviews with Baltimore families, teachers, and other community members with the empirical data gathered from the authors’ groundbreaking research, The Long Shadow unravels the complex connections between socioeconomic origins and socioeconomic destinations to reveal a startling and much-needed examination of who succeeds and why. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Freedom or death Emmeline Pankhurst, 2022-05-29 In Freedom or Death, Emmeline Pankhurst delivers a powerful call to action for women's suffrage, articulating the struggles of the early 20th-century feminist movement in Britain. With a passionate and evocative prose style, Pankhurst interweaves personal anecdotes and political rhetoric, highlighting the moral imperative of women's rights. The text serves not only as a historical document but also as a timeless manifesto that challenges societal norms, underscoring the urgent need for equality and justice in a world defined by patriarchy. The book's context, emerging from a backdrop of political unrest and the rise of radical activism, provides a profound lens through which to view the fight for suffrage as not just a women's issue, but a broader human rights struggle. Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928) was a pioneering suffragette whose activism was shaped by her upbringing in a politically conscious household and her subsequent experiences in the women's movement. Her experiences, including imprisonment for her beliefs and her leadership of the Women's Social and Political Union, shaped her resolute stance on militancy as a necessary strategy for change. Pankhurst's unwavering determination is a testament to her character, making her a formidable figure in the history of social justice. Freedom or Death is not merely a historical account; it is an impassioned appeal that resonates with contemporary audiences. Scholars, activists, and anyone interested in social justice will find Pankhurst's insights invaluable. This book is a reminder of the sacrifices made for progress and serves as a guide for those who continue to fight for equality today. |
| unequal city carla shedd: How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America: Problems in Race, Political Economy and Society Manning Marable, 2000-04 An updated edition of Manning Marable's classic--considered one of the best studies of race and class. |
| unequal city carla shedd: A Theory of African American Offending James D. Unnever, Shaun L. Gabbidon, 2011-03-01 A little more than a century ago, the famous social scientist W.E.B. Du Bois asserted that a true understanding of African American offending must be grounded in the real conditions of what it means to be black living in a racial stratified society. Today and according to official statistics, African American men – about six percent of the population of the United States – account for nearly sixty percent of the robbery arrests in the United States. To the authors of this book, this and many other glaring racial disparities in offending centered on African Americans is clearly related to their unique history and to their past and present racial subordination. Inexplicably, however, no criminological theory exists that fully articulates the nuances of the African American experience and how they relate to their offending. In readable fashion for undergraduate students, the general public, and criminologists alike, this book for the first time presents the foundations for the development of an African American theory of offending. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Learning Science in Informal Environments National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Center for Education, Board on Science Education, Committee on Learning Science in Informal Environments, 2009-05-27 Informal science is a burgeoning field that operates across a broad range of venues and envisages learning outcomes for individuals, schools, families, and society. The evidence base that describes informal science, its promise, and effects is informed by a range of disciplines and perspectives, including field-based research, visitor studies, and psychological and anthropological studies of learning. Learning Science in Informal Environments draws together disparate literatures, synthesizes the state of knowledge, and articulates a common framework for the next generation of research on learning science in informal environments across a life span. Contributors include recognized experts in a range of disciplines-research and evaluation, exhibit designers, program developers, and educators. They also have experience in a range of settings-museums, after-school programs, science and technology centers, media enterprises, aquariums, zoos, state parks, and botanical gardens. Learning Science in Informal Environments is an invaluable guide for program and exhibit designers, evaluators, staff of science-rich informal learning institutions and community-based organizations, scientists interested in educational outreach, federal science agency education staff, and K-12 science educators. |
| unequal city carla shedd: The Real School Safety Problem Aaron Kupchik, 2016-07-12 Schools across the U.S. look very different today than they did a generation ago. Police officers, drug-sniffing dogs, surveillance cameras, and high suspension rates have become commonplace. The Real School Safety Problem uncovers the unintended but far-reaching effects of harsh school discipline climates. Evidence shows that current school security practices may do more harm than good by broadly affecting the entire family, encouraging less civic participation in adulthood, and garnering future financial costs in the form of high rates of arrests, incarceration, and unemployment. This text presents a blueprint for reform that emphasizes problem-solving and accountability while encouraging the need to implement smarter school policies.Ê |
| unequal city carla shedd: Integration Interrupted Karolyn Tyson, 2011-02-21 An all-too-popular explanation for why black students aren't doing better in school is their own use of the acting white slur to ridicule fellow blacks for taking advanced classes, doing schoolwork, and striving to earn high grades. Carefully reconsidering how and why black students have come to equate school success with whiteness, Integration Interrupted argues that when students understand race to be connected with achievement, it is a powerful lesson conveyed by schools, not their peers. Drawing on over ten years of ethnographic research, Karolyn Tyson shows how equating school success with acting white arose in the aftermath of Brown v. Board of Education through the practice of curriculum tracking, which separates students for instruction, ostensibly by ability and prior achievement. Only in very specific circumstances, when black students are drastically underrepresented in advanced and gifted classes, do anxieties about the burden of acting white emerge. Racialized tracking continues to define the typical American secondary school, but it goes unremarked, except by the young people who experience its costs and consequences daily. The rich narratives in Integration Interrupted throw light on the complex relationships underlying school behaviors and convincingly demonstrate that the problem lies not with students, but instead with how we organize our schools. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Unequal City Carla Shedd, 2015-10-20 Chicago has long struggled with racial residential segregation, high rates of poverty, and deepening class stratification, and it can be a challenging place for adolescents to grow up. Unequal City examines the ways in which Chicago’s most vulnerable residents navigate their neighborhoods, life opportunities, and encounters with the law. In this pioneering analysis of the intersection of race, place, and opportunity, sociologist and criminal justice expert Carla Shedd illuminates how schools either reinforce or ameliorate the social inequalities that shape the worlds of these adolescents. Shedd draws from an array of data and in-depth interviews with Chicago youth to offer new insight into this understudied group. Focusing on four public high schools with differing student bodies, Shedd reveals how the predominantly low-income African American students at one school encounter obstacles their more affluent, white counterparts on the other side of the city do not face. Teens often travel long distances to attend school which, due to Chicago’s segregated and highly unequal neighborhoods, can involve crossing class, race, and gang lines. As Shedd explains, the disadvantaged teens who traverse these boundaries daily develop a keen “perception of injustice,” or the recognition that their economic and educational opportunities are restricted by their place in the social hierarchy. Adolescents’ worldviews are also influenced by encounters with law enforcement while traveling to school and during school hours. Shedd tracks the rise of metal detectors, surveillance cameras, and pat-downs at certain Chicago schools. Along with police procedures like stop-and-frisk, these prison-like practices lead to distrust of authority and feelings of powerlessness among the adolescents who experience mistreatment either firsthand or vicariously. Shedd finds that the racial composition of the student body profoundly shapes students’ perceptions of injustice. The more diverse a school is, the more likely its students of color will recognize whether they are subject to discriminatory treatment. By contrast, African American and Hispanic youth whose schools and neighborhoods are both highly segregated and highly policed are less likely to understand their individual and group disadvantage due to their lack of exposure to youth of differing backgrounds. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Just Medicine Dayna Bowen Matthew, 2016-10-25 An innovative plan to eliminate inequalities in American health care—and save the lives they endanger: “Highly engaging and worthwhile reading.” ―Health Affairs Over 84,000 black and brown lives are needlessly lost each year due to health disparities: the unjust and avoidable differences between the quality and quantity of health care provided to Americans who are members of racial and ethnic minorities and care provided to whites. Health disparities have remained stubbornly entrenched in the American system—and in Just Medicine Dayna Bowen Matthew finds that they principally arise from unconscious racial and ethnic biases held by physicians, institutional providers, and their patients. Implicit bias is the single most important determinant of health and health care disparities. Because we have missed this fact, the money we spend on training providers to become culturally competent, expanding wellness education programs and community health centers, and even expanding access to health insurance will have only a modest effect on reducing health disparities. We will continue to utterly fail in the effort to eradicate these disparities unless we enact strong, evidence-based legal remedies that accurately address implicit and unintentional forms of discrimination, to replace the weak, tepid, and largely irrelevant legal remedies currently available. Our continued failure to purge the effects of implicit bias from American health care, Matthew argues, is morally untenable. In this book, she unites medical, neuroscience, psychology, and sociology research on implicit bias and health disparities with her own expertise in civil rights and constitutional law to confront the issues keeping the health care system from providing equal treatment to all. “Necessary reading for all who envision a society in which health equity is a moral imperative. I would place Matthew’s contributions on the scale of Michelle Alexander’s transformational book, The New Jim Crow.” ―Political Science Quarterly |
| unequal city carla shedd: The School-to-Prison Pipeline Catherine Y. Kim, Daniel J. Losen, Damon T. Hewitt, 2010-10-15 An in-depth analysis of the legal entry points and remedies in the school-to-prison pipeline The “school-to-prison pipeline” is an emerging trend that pushes large numbers of at-risk youth—particularly children of color—out of classrooms and into the juvenile justice system. The policies and practices that contribute to this trend can be seen as a pipeline with many entry points, from under-resourced K-12 public schools, to the over-use of zero-tolerance suspensions and expulsions and to the explosion of policing and arrests in public schools. The confluence of these practices threatens to prepare an entire generation of children for a future of incarceration. In this comprehensive study of the relationship between American law and the school-to-prison pipeline, co-authors Catherine Y. Kim, Daniel J. Losen, and Damon T. Hewitt analyze the current state of the law for each entry point on the pipeline and propose legal theories and remedies to challenge them. Using specific state-based examples and case studies, the authors assert that law can be an effective weapon in the struggle to reduce the number of children caught in the pipeline, address the devastating consequences of the pipeline on families and communities, and ensure that our public schools and juvenile justice system further the goals for which they were created: to provide meaningful, safe opportunities for all the nation’s children. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Making the Unequal Metropolis Ansley T. Erickson, 2016-04 List of Oral History and Interview Participants -- Notes -- Index |
| unequal city carla shedd: After Genocide Nicole Fox, 2021-07-27 Nicole Fox investigates the ways memorials can shape the experiences of survivors decades after massacres have ended. She examines how memorializations can both heal and hurt, especially when they fail to represent all genders, ethnicities, and classes of those afflicted. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Colored Travelers Elizabeth Stordeur Pryor, 2016 Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Chapter One. Nigger and Home: An Etymology -- Chapter Two. Becoming Mobile in the Age of Segregation -- Chapter Three. Activist Respectability and the Birth of the Jim Crow Car--Chapter Four. Documenting Citizenship: Colored Travelers and the Passport -- Chapter Five. The Atlantic Voyage and Black Radicalism -- Epilogue. Abroad: Sensing Freedom -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z |
| unequal city carla shedd: Deadly Injustice Devon Johnson, Patricia Y. Warren, Amy Farrell, 2015-12-11 Uses the Trayvon Martin case as a springboard to examine race, crime, and justice in our criminal justice system. Contributors explores how race and racism inform how Americans think about criminality; how crimes are investigated and prosecuted; and how highly publicized criminal cases go on to shape public views about offenders and the criminal process-- |
| unequal city carla shedd: Nashville in the New Millennium Jamie Winders, 2013-04-01 Beginning in the 1990s, the geography of Latino migration to and within the United States started to shift. Immigrants from Central and South America increasingly bypassed the traditional gateway cities to settle in small cities, towns, and rural areas throughout the nation, particularly in the South. One popular new destination—Nashville, Tennessee—saw its Hispanic population increase by over 400 percent between 1990 and 2000. Nashville, like many other such new immigrant destinations, had little to no history of incorporating immigrants into local life. How did Nashville, as a city and society, respond to immigrant settlement? How did Latino immigrants come to understand their place in Nashville in the midst of this remarkable demographic change? In Nashville in the New Millennium, geographer Jamie Winders offers one of the first extended studies of the cultural, racial, and institutional politics of immigrant incorporation in a new urban destination. Moving from schools to neighborhoods to Nashville’s wider civic institutions, Nashville in the New Millennium details how Nashville’s long-term residents and its new immigrants experienced daily life as it transformed into a multicultural city with a new cosmopolitanism. Using an impressive array of methods, including archival work, interviews, and participant observation, Winders offers a fine-grained analysis of the importance of historical context, collective memories and shared social spaces in the process of immigrant incorporation. Lacking a shared memory of immigrant settlement, Nashville’s long-term residents turned to local history to explain and interpret a new Latino presence. A site where Latino day laborers gathered, for example, became a flashpoint in Nashville’s politics of immigration in part because the area had once been a popular gathering place for area teenagers in the 1960s and 1970s. Teachers also drew from local historical memories, particularly the busing era, to make sense of their newly multicultural student body. They struggled, however, to help immigrant students relate to the region’s complicated racial past, especially during history lessons on the Jim Crow era and the Civil Rights movement. When Winders turns to life in Nashville’s neighborhoods, she finds that many Latino immigrants opted to be quiet in public, partly in response to negative stereotypes of Hispanics across Nashville. Long-term residents, however, viewed this silence as evidence of a failure to adapt to local norms of being neighborly. Filled with voices from both long-term residents and Latino immigrants, Nashville in the New Millennium offers an intimate portrait of the changing geography of immigrant settlement in America. It provides a comprehensive picture of Latino migration’s impact on race relations in the country and is an especially valuable contribution to the study of race and ethnicity in the South. |
| unequal city carla shedd: The Social Reality of Crime Richard Quinney, |
| unequal city carla shedd: Police Use of Force Joseph B. Kuhns, Johannes Knutsson, 2010-04-09 A team of expert contributors provides an in-depth exploration of police use of force, firearms, and less-than-lethal weapons from a dozen countries across five continents. Police Use of Force: A Global Perspective is a fascinating, international exploration of police use of force, firearms, and less-than-lethal weapons in nations around the world. The book is comprised of three sections: the first focuses on the use of force generally, the second explores firearms and deadly force, and the final section considers less-than-lethal weapons, including pepper spray, TASERs, and other emerging technologies currently on the horizon. The essays gathered here will provide readers with an understanding of the vast differences in how police use force in various countries, as well as why police use force differently under different forms of government. Topics covered include use-of-force definitions, training procedures, policy issues, abuse of police authority, use of force during interrogations, and the use of firearms by armed and unarmed police forces. Finally, there is an essay focusing on how shooting and killing a suspect impacts an officer in the months and years that follow. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Culturally Responsive School Leadership Muhammad A. Khalifa, 2018 Culturally Responsive School Leadership focuses on how school leaders can effectively serve minoritized students--those who have been historically marginalized in school and society. The book demonstrates how leaders can engage students, parents, teachers, and communities to promote learning by honoring indigenous heritages and local cultural practices. Based on an ethnography of a school principal who exemplifies the practices and principles of culturally responsive school leadership, Muhammad Khalifa provides educators with the pedagogical tools and strategies for immediate implementation in today's urban classrooms. Not only does Khalifa challenge us to understand our own implicit biases, but he provides practical solutions for change. Culturally Responsive School Leadership couples real-world examples of systemic marginalization with specific strategies for how leaders can truly learn to interrupt systems that work only for some. --Christine Osorio, superintendent, North St. Paul-Maplewood-Oakdale, MN Khalifa draws on his own experience as an educator in Detroit to provide others who choose to take on this difficult but important work with insights that are invaluable and not typically learned in graduate school. For educational leaders who genuinely seek to make a difference this book will be an invaluable resource. --Pedro A. Noguera, distinguished professor of education, Graduate School of Education and Information Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles Muhammad Khalifa is the Robert H. Beck Professor of Ideas in Education in the Department of Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development at the University of Minnesota. Lisa Delpit is the Felton G. Clark Distinguished Professor of Education at Southern University and A&M College. H. Richard Milner IV is the Cornelius Vanderbilt Endowed Chair of Education at Vanderbilt University. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Juvenile Justice Francine Sherman, Francine Jacobs, 2011-10-04 The lessons in this book remind us that we can and that we must do better, for the sake of our children, their futures, and the sake of our nation. . . . This volume is a call to action, and I encourage everyone who reads it to take steps to ensure that all America's children are given an equal chance to succeed. We must all work together to replace the cradle-to-prison pipeline with a pipeline to responsible, productive adulthood. From the Foreword by Marian Wright Edelman, JD, President and founder, Children's Defense Fund, Washington, DC Juvenile Justice: Advancing Research, Policy, and Practice appears at a critical time, when promising juvenile justice reforms are underway in so many jurisdictions across the United States. Sherman and Jacobs, and their impressive array of expert authors, fill a significant gap in the literature, making the current body of juvenile justice research and experience accessible to policy makers, researchers, and funders, and doing so through a practical and positive lens. Patrick McCarthy, President and Chief Executive Officer, Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD Most people have narrow views of what it means to be a delinquent youth. In Juvenile Justice: Advancing Research, Policy, and Practice, Sherman and Jacobs have diligently collected essays from the top experts in the juvenile justice field who tell an empirically based and powerful narrative of who is really in the delinquency system. As this book makes clear, until we ask and answer the right questions, we will remain unable to help the youth most in need. Alexander Busansky, President, The National Council on Crime and Delinquency, Oakland, CA A comprehensive reference presenting a rehabilitative, youth- and community-centered vision of juvenile justice Juvenile Justice: Advancing Research, Policy, and Practice brings together experts in juvenile justice, child development, and public health to explore the intersections between juvenile justice and needed development of programs and policies that look out for the health and well-being of the youth who enter this system. This timely book provides a usable framework for imagining juvenile justice systems that emphasize the welfare of juveniles, achieved primarily through connections within their communities. A must-read for professionals working in juvenile courts and within juvenile justice agencies, Juvenile Justice: Advancing Research, Policy, and Practice reflects both the considerable advances and the challenges currently evident in the juvenile justice system, with an emphasis on the development and implementation of policies that can succeed in building a new generation of educated young people able to embrace their potential and build successful futures. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Minority Status, Oppositional Culture, & Schooling John U. Ogbu, 2008-06-30 This book is the definitive and final presentation of John Ogbu’s cultural ecological model and the many debates that his work has sparked during the past decade. Organized as a dialogue between John Ogbu and the scholarly community, Minority Status, Oppositional Culture, and Schooling is essential reading for anyone interested in the study of the academic achievement gap |
| unequal city carla shedd: Learning While Black Janice E. Hale, 2001-12-04 In Learning While Black Janice Hale argues that educators must look beyond the cliches of urban poverty and teacher training to explain the failures of public education with regard to black students. Why, Hale asks simply, are black students not being educated as well as white students? Hale goes beyond finger pointing to search for solutions. Closing the achievement gap of African American children, she writes, does not involve better teacher training or more parental involvement. The solution lies in the classroom, in the nature of the interaction between the teacher and the child. And the key, she argues, is the instructional vision and leadership provided by principals. To meet the needs of diverse learners, the school must become the heart and soul of a broad effort, the coordinator of tutoring and support services provided by churches, service clubs, fraternal organizations, parents, and concerned citizens. Calling for the creation of the beloved community envisioned by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Hale outlines strategies for redefining the school as the Family, and the broader community as the Village, in which each child is too precious to be left behind. In this book, I am calling for the school to improve traditional instructional practices and create culturally salient instruction that connects African American children to academic achievement. The instruction should be so delightful that the children love coming to school and find learning to be fun and exciting.—Janice Hale |
| unequal city carla shedd: Coming of Age in the Other America Stefanie DeLuca, Susan Clampet-Lundquist, Kathryn Edin, 2016-04-19 Weak labor markets and subpar postsecondary educational institutions, including exploitative for-profit trade schools and under-funded community colleges, saddle some young adults with debt and trap them in low-wage jobs. A third of the youth surveyed--particularly those who had not developed identity projects--were neither employed nor in school. To address these barriers to success, the authors recommend initiatives that help transform poor neighborhoods and provide institutional support for the identity projects that motivate youth to stay in school. They propose increased regulation of for-profit schools and increased college resources for low-income high school students. Coming of Age in the Other America presents a sensitive, nuanced account of how a generation of ambitious but underprivileged young Baltimoreans has struggled to succeed. |
| unequal city carla shedd: The Negro Motorist Green Book Victor H. Green, The Negro Motorist Green Book was a groundbreaking guide that provided African American travelers with crucial information on safe places to stay, eat, and visit during the era of segregation in the United States. This essential resource, originally published from 1936 to 1966, offered a lifeline to black motorists navigating a deeply divided nation, helping them avoid the dangers and indignities of racism on the road. More than just a travel guide, The Negro Motorist Green Book stands as a powerful symbol of resilience and resistance in the face of oppression, offering a poignant glimpse into the challenges and triumphs of the African American experience in the 20th century. |
| unequal city carla shedd: On Intersectionality Kimberle Crenshaw, 2019-09-03 A major publishing event, the collected writings of the groundbreaking scholar who first coined intersectionality as a political framework (Salon) For more than twenty years, scholars, activists, educators, and lawyers--inside and outside of the United States--have employed the concept of intersectionality both to describe problems of inequality and to fashion concrete solutions. In particular, as the Washington Post reported recently, the term has been used by social activists as both a rallying cry for more expansive progressive movements and a chastisement for their limitations. Drawing on black feminist and critical legal theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw developed the concept of intersectionality, a term she coined to speak to the multiple social forces, social identities, and ideological instruments through which power and disadvantage are expressed and legitimized. In this comprehensive and accessible introduction to Crenshaw's work, readers will find key essays and articles that have defined the concept of intersectionality, collected together for the first time. The book includes a sweeping new introduction by Crenshaw as well as prefaces that contextualize each of the chapters. For anyone interested in movement politics and advocacy, or in racial justice and gender equity, On Intersectionality will be compulsory reading from one of the most brilliant theorists of our time. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Reimagining Equality Nancy E. Dowd, 2018-06-26 2018 Outstanding Academic Title, given by Choice Magazine A comprehensive examination of developmental inequality among children Developmental equality–whether every child has an equal opportunity to reach their fullest potential–is essential for children’s future growth and access to opportunity. In the United States, however, children of color are disproportionately affected by poverty, poor educational outcomes, and structural discrimination, limiting their potential. In Reimagining Equality, Nancy E. Dowd sets out to examine the roots of these inequalities by tracing the life course of black boys from birth to age 18 in an effort to create an affirmative system of rights and support for all children. Drawing on interdisciplinary research, the book demonstrates that black boys encounter challenges and barriers that funnel them toward failure rather than developmental success. Their example exposes a broader reality of hierarchies among children, linked to government policies, practices, structures, and institutions. Dowd argues for a new legal model of developmental equality, grounded in the real challenges that children face on the basis of race, gender, and class. Concluding with a “New Deal” for all children, Reimagining Equality provides a comprehensive set of policies that enables our political and legal systems to dismantle what harms and discriminates children, and maximize their development. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Racial Attitudes in the 1990s Jack Martin, Steven A. Tuch, 1997-10-28 More than half a century has passed since the publication of An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy, Gunnar Myrdal's agonizing portrait of the pervasiveness of racially prejudiced attitudes and discriminatory practices in American life. Central to Myrdal's work was the paradox posed by the coexistence of race-based social, economic, and political inequality on the one hand, and the cherished American cultural values of freedom and equality on the other. In the five decades since the publication of this work, there has been a dramatic decline in white Americans' overt expressions of anti-black and anti-integrationist sentiments and in many of the inequalities Myrdal highlighted in his monumental work. Yet the persistence of racial antipathy is evidence of the continuing dilemma of race in American society. This collection of original essays by leading race relations experts focuses on the recent history and current state of racial attitudes in the United States. It addresses key issues and debates in the literature, and it includes chapters on the racial attitudes of African-Americans as well as whites. The volume will be of great importance to students and scholars concerned with the sociology and politics of contemporary American race relations. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Keepin' It Real Prudence L. Carter, 2007-03-29 Keepin' It Real refutes the common wisdom about teenage behavior and racial difference, and shows how intercultural communication, rather than assimilation, can help close the black-white achievement gap. |
| unequal city carla shedd: The Palgrave Handbook of Institutional Ethnography Paul C. Luken, Suzanne Vaughan, 2020-12-15 A comprehensive guide to the alternative sociology originating in the work of Dorothy E. Smith, this Handbook not only explores the basic, founding principles of institutional ethnography (IE), but also captures current developments, approaches, and debates. Now widely known as a “sociology for people,” IE offers the tools to uncover the social relations shaping the everyday world in which we live and is utilized by scholars and social activists in sociology and beyond, including such fields as education, nursing, social work, linguistics, health and medical care, environmental studies, and other social-service related fields. Covering the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of IE, recent developments, and current areas of research and application that have yet to appear in the literature, The Palgrave Handbook of Institutional Ethnography is suitable for both experienced practitioners of institutional ethnography and those who are exploring this approach for the first time. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Creating Research-Practice Partnerships in Education William R. Penuel, Daniel J. Gallagher (Writer on education), 2017 This is a guide for researchers and district leaders to help them form and sustain long-terms partnerships to study and solve practical problems in education together.-- |
| unequal city carla shedd: Captivating Technology Ruha Benjamin, 2019-06-07 The contributors to Captivating Technology examine how carceral technologies such as electronic ankle monitors and predictive-policing algorithms are being deployed to classify and coerce specific populations and whether these innovations can be appropriated and reimagined for more liberatory ends. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Black Geographies and the Politics of Place Katherine McKittrick, Clyde Adrian Woods, 2007 Black Geographies is an interdisciplinary collection of essays in black geographic theory. Fourteen authors address specific geographic sites and develop their geopolitical relevance with regards to race, uneven geographies, and resistance. Multi-faceted and erudite, Black Geographies brings into focus the politics of place that black subjects, communities, and philosophers inhabit. Highlights include essays on the African diaspora and its interaction with citizenship and nationalism, critical readings of the blues and hip-hop, and thorough deconstructions of Nova Scotian and British Columbian black topography. Drawing on historical, contemporary, and theoretical black geographies from the USA, the Caribbean, and Canada, these essays provide an exploration of past and present black spatial theories and experiences. Katherine McKittrick lives in Toronto, Ontario, and teaches gender studies, critical race studies, and indigenous studies at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. She is the author of Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle, and is also researching the writings of Sylvia Wynter. Clyde Woods lives in Santa Barbara, California, and teaches in the Department of Black Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Woods is the author of Development Arrested: The Blues and Plantation Power in the Mississippi Delta. |
| unequal city carla shedd: Performing Antiracist Pedagogy in Rhetoric, Writing, and Communication Frankie Condon, Vershawn Ashanti Young, 2017 The authors address the current racial tensions in North America as a result of public outcries and antiracist activism both on the streets and in schools. To create a willingness among teachers and students in writing, rhetoric, and communication courses to address matters of race and racism--Provided by publisher. |
UNEQUAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of UNEQUAL is not of the same measurement, quantity, or number as another. How to use unequal in a sentence.
UNEQUAL | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
UNEQUAL meaning: 1. different in size, level, amount, etc.: 2. not treating everyone the same; unfair: 3. to not…. Learn more.
UNEQUAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Unequal means being different in size, strength, or amount. The Egyptians probably measured their day in twenty-four hours of unequal length.
UNEQUAL Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Unequal definition: not equal; not of the same quantity, quality, value, rank, ability, etc... See examples of UNEQUAL used in a sentence.
Unequal - definition of unequal by The Free Dictionary
Define unequal. unequal synonyms, unequal pronunciation, unequal translation, English dictionary definition of unequal. adj. 1. Not the same in any measurable aspect, such as extent or …
unequal - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jan 2, 2025 · unequal (comparative more unequal, superlative most unequal) Not the same. Synonyms: see Thesaurus: unequal Out of balance. (comparable) Inadequate; insufficiently …
What does unequal mean? - Definitions.net
Unequal is an adjective that refers to something that is not the same in size, quantity, value, rank, or degree as something else. It often denotes a lack of fairness, balance, or equality.
Unequal Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
UNEQUAL meaning: 1 : not the same in a way that is unfair giving more advantages, power, etc., to some people and less to other people for unfair reasons; 2 : different in number, degree, …
Unequal review: A book exploring mathematical “equality” helps …
Jun 4, 2025 · Unequal Eugenia Cheng (Profile Books (UK, on sale) Basic Books (US, 2 September)) Things are either equal or they aren’t – mathematically speaking, at least, right? …
UNEQUAL - Definition & Translations | Collins English Dictionary
'unequal' - Complete English Word Guide Definitions of 'unequal' 1. An unequal system or situation is unfair because it gives more power or privileges to one person or group of people …
UNEQUAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of UNEQUAL is not of the same measurement, quantity, or number as another. How to use unequal in a sentence.
UNEQUAL | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
UNEQUAL meaning: 1. different in size, level, amount, etc.: 2. not treating everyone the same; unfair: 3. to not…. Learn more.
UNEQUAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Unequal means being different in size, strength, or amount. The Egyptians probably measured their day in twenty-four hours of unequal length.
UNEQUAL Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Unequal definition: not equal; not of the same quantity, quality, value, rank, ability, etc... See examples of UNEQUAL used in a sentence.
Unequal - definition of unequal by The Free Dictionary
Define unequal. unequal synonyms, unequal pronunciation, unequal translation, English dictionary definition of unequal. adj. 1. Not the same in any measurable aspect, such as extent …
unequal - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jan 2, 2025 · unequal (comparative more unequal, superlative most unequal) Not the same. Synonyms: see Thesaurus: unequal Out of balance. (comparable) Inadequate; insufficiently …
What does unequal mean? - Definitions.net
Unequal is an adjective that refers to something that is not the same in size, quantity, value, rank, or degree as something else. It often denotes a lack of fairness, balance, or equality.
Unequal Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
UNEQUAL meaning: 1 : not the same in a way that is unfair giving more advantages, power, etc., to some people and less to other people for unfair reasons; 2 : different in number, degree, …
Unequal review: A book exploring mathematical “equality” helps …
Jun 4, 2025 · Unequal Eugenia Cheng (Profile Books (UK, on sale) Basic Books (US, 2 September)) Things are either equal or they aren’t – mathematically speaking, at least, right? …
UNEQUAL - Definition & Translations | Collins English Dictionary
'unequal' - Complete English Word Guide Definitions of 'unequal' 1. An unequal system or situation is unfair because it gives more power or privileges to one person or group of people …
