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| towards the decolonization of african literature: Toward the Decolonization of African Literature Chinweizu, Onwuchekwa Jemie, Ihechukwu Madubuike, 1985 This is an interesting and original book which is a stinging critique of some of the dominant trends in contemporary African literature and literary criticism. The authors present their own views on African literature and on the African writer's responsibility to African society. They concretize their critique by highlighting the aims and techniques of such pan-African writers as Achebe, Senghar, Sembene, pBitek, Mazisi Kunena, Tutuola, Maran, Langston Hughes and Ngugi wa Thiong'o.--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Toward the Decolonization of African Literature Chinweizu, Onwuchekwa Jemie, Ihechukwu Madubuike, 1980 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Toward the Decolonization of African Literature Chinweizu, Onwuchekwa Jemie, Ihechukwu Madubuike, 1980 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Towards the Decolonization of African Literature Chinweizu, O. Jemie, I. Madubuike, 1989 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Rise of the African Novel Mukoma Wa Ngugi, 2018-03-27 Engaging questions of language, identity, and reception to restore South African and diaspora writing to the African literary tradition |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Britain, France and the Decolonization of Africa Andrew W.M. Smith, Chris Jeppesen, 2017-03-01 Looking at decolonization in the conditional tense, this volume teases out the complex and uncertain ends of British and French empire in Africa during the period of ‘late colonial shift’ after 1945. Rather than view decolonization as an inevitable process, the contributors together explore the crucial historical moments in which change was negotiated, compromises were made, and debates were staged. Three core themes guide the analysis: development, contingency and entanglement. The chapters consider the ways in which decolonization was governed and moderated by concerns about development and profit. A complementary focus on contingency allows deeper consideration of how colonial powers planned for ‘colonial futures’, and how divergent voices greeted the end of empire. Thinking about entanglements likewise stresses both the connections that existed between the British and French empires in Africa, and those that endured beyond the formal transfer of power. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: A Twentieth-century Literature Reader Suman Gupta, David Johnson, 2005 This critical Reader is the essential companion to any course in twentieth-century literature. Drawing upon the work of a wide range of key writers and critics, the selected extracts provide: a literary-historical overview of the twentieth century insight into theoretical discussions around the purpose, value and form of literature which dominated the century closer examination of representative texts from the period, around which key critical issues might be debated. Clearly conveying the excitement generated by twentieth-century literary texts and by the provocative critical ideas and arguments that surrounded them, this reader can be used alongside the two volumes of Debating Twentieth-Century Literature or as a core text for any module on the literature of the last century. Texts examined in detail include: Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard, Mansfield's Short Stories, poetry of the 1930s, Gibbon's Sunset Song, Eliot's Prufrock, Brecht's Galileo, Woolf's Orlando, Okigbo's Selected Poems, du Maurier's Rebecca, poetry by Ginsburg and O'Hara, Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, Puig's Kiss of the Spiderwoman, Beckett's Waiting for Godot, Heaney's New Selected Poems 1966-1987, Gurnah's Paradise and Barker's The Ghost Road. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonising the African Mind Chinweizu, 1987 In this sequel to The West and the Rest of Us, Chinweizu examines the colonial mentality, in its various manifestations, and how it has obstructed African economic development and cultural renaissance since political decolonisation was achieved. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Form of Ideology and the Ideology of Form Francesca Orsini, Neelam Srivastava, Laetitia Zecchini, 2022-02-23 This timely volume focuses on the period of decolonization and the Cold War as the backdrop to the emergence of new and diverse literary aesthetics that accompanied anti-imperialist commitments and Afro-Asian solidarity. Competing internationalist frameworks produced a flurry of writings that made Asian, African and other world literatures visible to each other for the first time. The book’s essays examine a host of print culture formats (magazines, newspapers, manifestos, conference proceedings, ephemera, etc.) and modes of cultural mediation and transnational exchange that enabled the construction of a variously inflected Third-World culture which played a determining role throughout the Cold War. The essays in this collection focus on locations as diverse as Morocco, Tunisia, South Asia, China, Spain, and Italy, and on texts in Arabic, English, French, Hindi, Italian, and Spanish. In doing so, they highlight the combination of local debates and struggles, and internationalist networks and aspirations that found expression in essays, novels, travelogues, translations, reviews, reportages and other literary forms. With its comparative study of print cultures with a focus on decolonization and the Cold War, the volume makes a major contribution both to studies of postcolonial literary and print cultures, and to cultural Cold War studies in multilingual and non-Western contexts, and will be of interest to historians and literary scholars alike. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Cold War Assemblages Bhakti Shringarpure, 2019-03-29 This book bridges the gap between the simultaneously unfolding histories of postcoloniality and the forty-five-year ideological and geopolitical rivalry between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. Not only did the superpowers rely upon the decolonizing world to further imperial agendas, but the postcolony itself was shaped, epistemologically and materially, by Cold War discourses, policies, narratives, and paradigms. Ruptures and appropriated trajectories in the postcolonial world can be attributed to the ways in which the Cold War became the afterlife of European colonialism. Through a speculative assemblage, this book connects the dots, deftly taking the reader from Frantz Fanon to Aaron Swartz, and from assassinations in the Third World to American multiculturalism. Whether the Cold War subverted the dream of decolonization or created a compromised cultural sphere, this book makes those rich palimpsests visible. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Africa's Quest for a Philosophy of Decolonization Messay Kebede, 2004 Preliminary Material -- Western Discourses on Africa -- Between Evolutionism and Pluralism: Tempels's Path to HumanSameness -- The Holy Grail of Otherness -- Sameness Versus Otherness -- Particularism Versus Otherness -- The Future as Forward Movement into the Past: The ConstructednessOf Identity -- Colonization Without Colonizers:The Phenomenon of African Elitism -- Ethnicity and State Formation: The Mystical Root of Nationhood -- Harnessing Myth to Rationality -- Notes -- Bibliography -- About the Author -- Index -- Value Inquiry Book Series. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: African Intellectuals and Decolonization Nicholas M. Creary, 2012-10-04 Decades after independence for most African states, the struggle for decolonization is still incomplete, as demonstrated by the fact that Africa remains associated in many Western minds with chaos, illness, and disorder. African and non-African scholars alike still struggle to establish the idea of African humanity, in all its diversity, and to move Africa beyond its historical role as the foil to the West. As this book shows, Africa’s decolonization is an ongoing process across a range of fronts, and intellectuals—both African and non-African—have significant roles to play in that process. The essays collected here examine issues such as representation and retrospection; the roles of intellectuals in the public sphere; and the fundamental question of how to decolonize African knowledges. African Intellectuals and Decolonization outlines ways in which intellectual practice can serve to de-link Africa from its global representation as a debased, subordinated, deviant, and inferior entity. Contributors Lesley Cowling, University of the Witwatersrand Nicholas M. Creary, University at Albany Marlene De La Cruz, Ohio University Carolyn Hamilton, University of Cape Town George Hartley, Ohio University Janet Hess, Sonoma State University T. Spreelin McDonald, Ohio University Ebenezer Adebisi Olawuyi, University of Ibadan Steve Odero Ouma, University of Nairobi Oyeronke Oyewumi, State University of New York at Stony Brook Tsenay Serequeberhan, Morgan State University |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: African Voices of the Global Past Trevor R. Getz, 2018-04-17 This book focuses on retelling many of the important episodes in the global past (c.1500–present) from African points of view. It discusses the events and trends of global significance: the Atlantic slave system, the industrial revolution, World Wars I and II, and decolonization. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Approaches to the African Novel Charles E. Nnolim, 2010 This Third Edition of Approaches to the African Novel is a child of necessity. Because of the unfortunate death of the publisher of Saros International who issued the First Edition and high demand this third, enlarged edition has become imperative. Three new essays (all previously published) are added, two expectedly on Achebe (the father of the African novel) and one on Mongp Betiís Mission to Kala which was partially anthologised in Contemporary Literary Criticism (Volume 27, 1984). Achebeís Things Fall Apart as an Igbo national epic has evoked a spate of reactions from critics of African literature especially the troika Chinweizu et al. in Toward the Decolonization of African Literature. It was also anthologised in Modern Black Literature edited by S. Okechukwu Menu (1971). The essay on Arrow of God whose structure and meaning has been largely avoided by other critics is included here for further airing. For gender balance, as the previous volume contained no essays on women writers, an essay on Flora Nwapa has been added. Since the novels discussed in this volume exclusively are on the African literature south of the Sahara, the last essay on Peter Abrahams comes in to round out this collection of essays with a study of a south African writer, for geographical balance. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Worldmaking After Empire Adom Getachew, 2020-04-28 Decolonization revolutionized the international order during the twentieth century. Yet standard histories that present the end of colonialism as an inevitable transition from a world of empires to one of nations—a world in which self-determination was synonymous with nation-building—obscure just how radical this change was. Drawing on the political thought of anticolonial intellectuals and statesmen such as Nnamdi Azikiwe, W.E.B Du Bois, George Padmore, Kwame Nkrumah, Eric Williams, Michael Manley, and Julius Nyerere, this important new account of decolonization reveals the full extent of their unprecedented ambition to remake not only nations but the world. Adom Getachew shows that African, African American, and Caribbean anticolonial nationalists were not solely or even primarily nation-builders. Responding to the experience of racialized sovereign inequality, dramatized by interwar Ethiopia and Liberia, Black Atlantic thinkers and politicians challenged international racial hierarchy and articulated alternative visions of worldmaking. Seeking to create an egalitarian postimperial world, they attempted to transcend legal, political, and economic hierarchies by securing a right to self-determination within the newly founded United Nations, constituting regional federations in Africa and the Caribbean, and creating the New International Economic Order. Using archival sources from Barbados, Trinidad, Ghana, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, Worldmaking after Empire recasts the history of decolonization, reconsiders the failure of anticolonial nationalism, and offers a new perspective on debates about today’s international order. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Towards a Sociology of African Literature Chidi Amuta, 1986 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Companion to African Literatures G. D. Killam, Ruth Rowe, 2000 Refreshing... -- African Sudies Review The entries are knowledgeable, thorough, and clearly written.... Highly recommended... --Choice ...an ambitious reference guide to works on African literature. - African Studies Review This comprehensive compendium will be a handy companion for anyone working on African literatures. The entries are authoritative and up-to-date, providing reliable information on the hundreds of authors and texts that have contributed to a whole continent's literary flowering. --Bernth Lindfors A comprehensive introduction and guide to African-authored works, with over 1,000 cross-referenced entries covering classics in African writing, literary genres and movements, biographical details of authors, and wider themes linking African, Afro-Caribbean and Afro-American literatures. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Decolonization Of Africa David Birmingham, 2008-02-20 This bold, popularizing synthesis presents a readily accessible introduction to one of the major themes of the twentieth-century world history. Between 1922, when self-government was restored to Egypt, and 1994, when non-racial democracy was achieved in South Africa, no less than 54 new nations were established in Africa. Written within the parameters of African history, as opposed to imperial history, this study charts the process of nationalism, liberation and independence that recast the political map of Africa in these years. Ranging from Algeria in the North, where a French colonial government used armed force to combat the Algerian aspirations of home rule, to the final overthrow of apartheid in the South, this is an authoritative survey that will be welcomed by all students tackling this complex and challenging topic. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Modern Criticism Christopher Rollason, Rajeshwar Mittapalli, 2002 This Anthology Assembles Sixteen Essays On Different Aspects Of Modern Criticism, By Some Of The Best Scholars From Six Countries And Four Continents. The Essays, Variously, Examine A Range Of Theoretical Perspectives, Point Up Key Issues In The Area Of Postcolonial Literary Studies, Or Open Up New Interdisciplinary Perspectives For The Future Of Criticism.Among The Critical Schools And Approaches Expounded By The Distinguished Contributors Are Postmodernism, Reader-Response Theory, Postcolonial Theory, Psychoanalytic Criticism, Feminist Criticism And Marxist Criticism. The Concluding Essays Bring The Critical Debate Right Up-To-Date By Suggesting New Critical Paths For The Internet Age.The Contributors Included Such Reputed Experts, From India And Abroad, As T. Ravichandran, Nouri Gana, Prakash Chandra Pradhan, N. Raveendran, Gangadhar Gadgil, Anthonia Kalu, Mala Pandurang, Subhendu Mund, Dámaso Javier Vicente Blanco, And Virgílio Augusto Fernandes Almeida. This Rich And Diverse Volume Will Prove An Invaluable Source Of Reference And Stimulus For Further Thought, For Students And Scholars Alike. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: African Literature and the CIA Caroline Davis, 2021-01-31 During the period of decolonisation in Africa, the CIA subsidised a number of African authors, editors and publishers as part of its anti-communist covert propaganda strategy. Managed by two front organisations, the Congress of Cultural Freedom and the Farfield Foundation, its Africa programme stretched across the continent, with hubs in Ibadan, Kampala, Nairobi, Cape Town and Johannesburg. This Element unravels the hidden networks and associations underpinning African literary publishing in the 1960s; it investigates the success of the CIA in disrupting and infiltrating African literary magazines and publishing firms, and determines the extent to which new circuits of cultural and literary power emerged. Based on new archival evidence relating to the Transcription Centre, The Classic and The New African, it includes case studies of Wole Soyinka, Nat Nakasa and Bessie Head, which assess how their literary careers were influenced by these transnational literary institutions, and their response to these interventions. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonizing African Studies Toyin Falola, 2022 Introduction: The Decolonial Moments -- Epistemologies and Methodologies -- Decoloniality and Decolonizing Knowledge -- Eurocentrism and Intellectual Imperialism -- Epistemologies of Intellectual Liberation -- Decolonizing Knowledge in Africa -- Decolonizing Research Methodology -- Oral Tradition: Cultural Analysis and Epistemic Value -- Agencies and Voices -- Voices of Decolonization -- Voices of Decoloniality -- Decoloniality: A Critique -- Women's Voices on Decolonization -- Empowering Marginal Voices: LGBTQ and African Studies -- Intellectual Spaces -- Decolonizing the African Academy -- Decolonizing Knowledge Through Language -- Decolonizing of African Literature -- Identity and the African Feminist Writers -- Decolonizing African Aesthetics -- Decolonizing African History -- Decolonizing Africa Religion -- Decolonizing African Philosophy -- African Futurism. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Moving the Centre Ngũgĩ wa Thiongʼo, 1992 In this collection Ngugi is concerned with moving the centre in two senses - between nations and within nations - in order to contribute to the freeing of world cultures from the restrictive walls of nationalism, class, race and gender. Between nations the need is to move the centre from its assumed location in the West to a multiplicity of spheres in all the cultures of the world. Within nations the move should be away from all minority class establishments to the real creative centre among working people in conditions of racial, religious and gender equality. -- Back cover. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonization and Afro-feminism Sylvia Tamale, 2020 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonizing Heritage Ferdinand De Jong, 2022-03-17 Senegal features prominently on the UNESCO World Heritage List. As many of its cultural heritage sites are remnants of the French empire, how does an independent nation care for the heritage of colonialism? How does it reinterpret slave barracks, colonial museums, and monuments to empire to imagine its own national future? This book examines Senegal's decolonization of its cultural heritage. Revealing how Léopold Sédar Senghor's philosophy of Négritude inflects the interpretation of its colonial heritage, Ferdinand de Jong demonstrates how Senegal's reinterpretation of heritage sites enables it to overcome the legacies of the slave trade, colonialism, and empire. Remembering and reclaiming a Pan-African future, De Jong shows how World Heritage sites are conceived as the archive of an Afrotopia to come, and, in a move towards decolonization, how they repair colonial time. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Translation Imperatives Ruth Bush, 2022-06-02 This Element explores the politics of literary translation via case studies from the Heinemann African Writers Series and the work of twenty-first-century literary translators in Cameroon. It intervenes in debates concerning multilingualism, race and decolonization, as well as methodological discussion in African literary studies, world literature, comparative literature and translation studies. The task of translating African literary texts has developed according to political and socio-economic contexts. It has contributed to the consecration of a canon of African classics and fuelled polemics around African languages. Yet retranslation remains rare and early translations are frequently criticised. This Element's primary focus on the labour rather than craft or art of translation emphasises the material basis that underpins who gets to translate and how that embodied labour occurs within the process of book production and reception. The arguments draw on close readings, fresh archival material, interviews, and co-production and observation of literary translation workshops. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Ordeal of the African Writer Charles Larson, 2001-08 This book demonstrates how only a small number of African writers--like Chinua Achebe, Ben Okri, Nuruddin Farah, and Wole Soyinka--have become known outside of their own continent. It also details the enormous obstacles they face within Africa to get their work published, let alone to support themselves financially from their writing. Charles R. Larson combines writers' own testimony, pen portraits of their lives, and factual investigation to explore the full dimensions of this problem. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Out of the Dark Night Achille Mbembe, 2021-01-19 Achille Mbembe is one of the world’s most profound critics of colonialism and its consequences, a major figure in the emergence of a new wave of French critical theory. His writings examine the complexities of decolonization for African subjectivities and the possibilities emerging in its wake. In Out of the Dark Night, he offers a rich analysis of the paradoxes of the postcolonial moment that points toward new liberatory models of community, humanity, and planetarity. In a nuanced consideration of the African experience, Mbembe makes sweeping interventions into debates about citizenship, identity, democracy, and modernity. He eruditely ranges across European and African thought to provide a powerful assessment of common ways of writing and thinking about the world. Mbembe criticizes the blinders of European intellectuals, analyzing France’s failure to heed postcolonial critiques of ongoing exclusions masked by pretenses of universalism. He develops a new reading of African modernity that further develops the notion of Afropolitanism, a novel way of being in the world that has arisen in decolonized Africa in the midst of both destruction and the birth of new societies. Out of the Dark Night reconstructs critical theory’s historical and philosophical framework for understanding colonial and postcolonial events and expands our sense of the futures made possible by decolonization. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Theory of African Literature Chidi Amuta, 1989 A classic work that overturns conventional assessments of African literature, offering a unique contribution to literary criticism. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonization, Development and Knowledge in Africa Sabelo J Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2020-05-26 This provocative book is anchored on the insurgent and resurgent spirit of decolonization of the twenty-first century. The author calls upon Africa to turn over a new leaf in the domains of politics, economy, and knowledge as it frees itself from imperial global designs and global coloniality. With a focus on Africa and its Diaspora, the author calls for a radical turning over of a new leaf, predicated on decolonial turn and epistemic freedom. The key themes subjected to decolonial analysis include: (1) decolonization/decoloniality - articulating the meaning and contribution of the decolonial turn; (2) subjectivity/identity - examining the problem of Blackness (identity) as external and internal invention; (3) the Bandung spirit of decolonization as an embodiment of resistance and possibilities, development and self-improvement; (4) development and self-improvement - of African political economy, as entangled in the colonial matrix of power, and the African Renaissance, as weakened by undecolonized political and economic thought; and (5) knowledge - the role of African humanities in the struggle for epistemic freedom. This groundbreaking volume opens the intellectual canvas on the challenges and possibilities of African futures. It will be of great interest to students and scholars of Politics and International Relations, Development, Sociology, African Studies, Black Studies, Education, History Postcolonial Studies, and the emerging field of Decolonial Studies. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Decolonization Jan C. Jansen, Jürgen Osterhammel, 2019-06-11 The end of colonial rule in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean was one of the most important and dramatic developments of the twentieth century. In the decades after World War II, dozens of new states emerged as actors in global politics. Long-established imperial regimes collapsed, some more or less peacefully, others amid mass violence. This book takes an incisive look at decolonization and its long-term consequences, revealing it to be a coherent yet multidimensional process at the heart of modern history. Jan Jansen and Jürgen Osterhammel trace the decline of European, American, and Japanese colonial supremacy from World War I to the 1990s. Providing a comparative perspective on the decolonization process, they shed light on its key aspects while taking into account the unique regional and imperial contexts in which it unfolded. Jansen and Osterhammel show how the seeds of decolonization were sown during the interwar period and argue that the geopolitical restructuring of the world was intrinsically connected to a sea change in the global normative order. They examine the economic repercussions of decolonization and its impact on international power structures, its consequences for envisioning world order, and the long shadow it continues to cast over new states and former colonial powers alike. Concise and authoritative, Decolonization is the essential introduction to this momentous chapter in history, the aftershocks of which are still being felt today. -- |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Discourse on Colonialism Aimé Césaire, 2001-01-01 Césaire's essay stands as an important document in the development of third world consciousness--a process in which [he] played a prominent role. --Library Journal This classic work, first published in France in 1955, profoundly influenced the generation of scholars and activists at the forefront of liberation struggles in Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Nearly twenty years later, when published for the first time in English, Discourse on Colonialism inspired a new generation engaged in the Civil Rights, Black Power, and anti-war movements and has sold more than 75,000 copies to date. Aimé Césaire eloquently describes the brutal impact of capitalism and colonialism on both the colonizer and colonized, exposing the contradictions and hypocrisy implicit in western notions of progress and civilization upon encountering the savage, uncultured, or primitive. Here, Césaire reaffirms African values, identity, and culture, and their relevance, reminding us that the relationship between consciousness and reality are extremely complex. . . . It is equally necessary to decolonize our minds, our inner life, at the same time that we decolonize society. An interview with Césaire by the poet René Depestre is also included. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Pasifika Black Quito Swan, 2024-12-03 ASALH 2023 Book Prize Winner A lively living history of anti-colonialist movements across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria’s Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific’s Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa’s Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP’s Roy Wilkins, West Papua’s Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia’s Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will ‘Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: African Catholic Elizabeth A. Foster, 2019-03-04 Winner of the John Gilmary Shea Prize A groundbreaking history of how Africans in the French Empire embraced both African independence and their Catholic faith during the upheaval of decolonization, leading to a fundamental reorientation of the Catholic Church. African Catholic examines how French imperialists and the Africans they ruled imagined the religious future of French sub-Saharan Africa in the years just before and after decolonization. The story encompasses the political transition to independence, Catholic contributions to black intellectual currents, and efforts to alter the church hierarchy to create an authentically “African” church. Elizabeth Foster recreates a Franco-African world forged by conquest, colonization, missions, and conversions—one that still exists today. We meet missionaries in Africa and their superiors in France, African Catholic students abroad destined to become leaders in their home countries, African Catholic intellectuals and young clergymen, along with French and African lay activists. All of these men and women were preoccupied with the future of France’s colonies, the place of Catholicism in a postcolonial Africa, and the struggle over their personal loyalties to the Vatican, France, and the new African states. Having served as the nuncio to France and the Vatican’s liaison to UNESCO in the 1950s, Pope John XXIII understood as few others did the central questions that arose in the postwar Franco-African Catholic world. Was the church truly universal? Was Catholicism a conservative pillar of order or a force to liberate subjugated and exploited peoples? Could the church change with the times? He was thinking of Africa on the eve of Vatican II, declaring in a radio address shortly before the council opened, “Vis-à-vis the underdeveloped countries, the church presents itself as it is and as it wants to be: the church of all.” |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Marxism and African Literature Georg M. Gugelberger, 1986 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: The Oxford Handbook of the Ends of Empire Martin Thomas, Andrew Thompson, 2018-12-06 The Oxford Handbook of the Ends of Empire offers the most comprehensive treatment of the causes, course, and consequences of the ends of empire in the twentieth century. The volume's contributors convey the global reach of decolonization, with chapters analysing the empires of Western Europe, Eastern Europe, China and Japan. The Handbook combines broad, regional treatments of decolonization with chapter contributions constructed around particular themes or social issues. It considers how the history of decolonization is being rethought as a result of the rise of the 'new' imperial history, and its emphasis on race, gender, and culture, as well as the more recent growth of interest in histories of globalization, transnational history, and histories of migration and diaspora, humanitarianism and development, and human rights. The Handbook, in other words, seeks to identify the processes and commonalities of experience that make decolonization a unique historical phenomenon with a lasting resonance. In light of decades of historical and social scientific scholarship on modernization, dependency, neo-colonialism, 'failed state' architectures and post-colonial conflict, the obvious question that begs itself is 'when did empires actually end?' In seeking to unravel this most basic dilemma the Handbook explores the relationship between the study of decolonization and the study of globalization. It connects histories of the late-colonial and post-colonial worlds, and considers the legacies of empire in European and formerly colonised societies. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: French Colonialism Unmasked Ruth Ginio, 2006-12-01 Before the Vichy regime, there was ostensibly only one France and one form of colonialism for French West Africa (FWA). World War II and the division of France into two ideological camps, each asking for legitimacy from the colonized, opened for Africans numerous unprecedented options. French Colonialism Unmasked analyzes three dramatic years in the history of FWA, from 1940 to 1943, in which the Vichy regime tried to impose the ideology of the National Revolution in the region. Ruth Ginio shows how this was a watershed period in the history of the region by providing an in-depth examination of the Vichy colonial visions and practices in fwa. She describes the intriguing encounters between the colonial regime and African society along with the responses of different sectors in the African population to the Vichy policy. Although French Colonialism Unmasked focuses on one region within the French Empire, it has relevance to French colonial history in general by providing one of the missing pieces in research on Vichy colonialism. Ruth Ginio is a research fellow at the Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is the author of articles in International Journal of African Historical Studies, Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, Cahiers d'etudes africaines, and several other journals. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe, 1994-09-01 “A true classic of world literature . . . A masterpiece that has inspired generations of writers in Nigeria, across Africa, and around the world.” —Barack Obama “African literature is incomplete and unthinkable without the works of Chinua Achebe.” —Toni Morrison Nominated as one of America’s best-loved novels by PBS’s The Great American Read Things Fall Apart is the first of three novels in Chinua Achebe's critically acclaimed African Trilogy. It is a classic narrative about Africa's cataclysmic encounter with Europe as it establishes a colonial presence on the continent. Told through the fictional experiences of Okonkwo, a wealthy and fearless Igbo warrior of Umuofia in the late 1800s, Things Fall Apart explores one man's futile resistance to the devaluing of his Igbo traditions by British political andreligious forces and his despair as his community capitulates to the powerful new order. With more than 20 million copies sold and translated into fifty-seven languages, Things Fall Apart provides one of the most illuminating and permanent monuments to African experience. Achebe does not only capture life in a pre-colonial African village, he conveys the tragedy of the loss of that world while broadening our understanding of our contemporary realities. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Africa Wo/Man Palava Chikwenye Okonjo Ogunyemi, 1996-04-15 Ogunyemi uses the novels to trace a Nigerian women's literary tradition that reflects an ideology centered on children and community. Of prime importance is the paradoxical Mammywata figure, the independent, childless mother, who serves as a basis for the postcolonial woman in the novels and in society at large. Ogunyemi tracks this figure through many permutations, from matriarch to writer, her multiple personalities reflecting competing loyalties. This sustained critical study counters prevailing masculinist theories of black literature in a powerful narrative of the Nigerian world. |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: African Literatures in the Eighties Dieter Riemenschneider, Frank Schulze-Engler, 1993 |
| towards the decolonization of african literature: Issues in African Literature Charles E. Nnolim, 2010 The multitudinous nature of African literature has always been an issue but really not a problem, although its oral base has been used by expatriate critics to accuse African literature of thin plots, superficial characterisation, and narrative structures. African literature also, it is observed, is a mixed grill: it is oral; it is written in vernacular or tribal tongues; written in foreign tongues English, French, Portuguese and within the foreign language in which it is written, pidgin and creole further bend the already bent language giving African literature a further taint of linguistic impurity. African literature further suffers from the nature of its newness and this created problems for the critic. Because it is new, and because its critics are in simultaneous existence with its writers, we confront the problem of instant analysis. Issues in African Literature continues the debate and tries to clarify contemporary burning issues in African literature, by focussing on particular areas where the debate has been most concerned or around which it has hovered and been persistent. |
Toward or towards? - Merriam-Webster
Both toward and towards are two forms of the same word. They've been used interchangeably since their inception in the 9th century. Toward is more common in the US and in Canada, …
Toward vs. Towards – What’s the Difference? - GRAMMARIST
In grammar, both toward and towards are correct spellings for the preposition that means in the direction of. The only variance between the two words is that one has an s in the end, while …
Toward or Towards - Grammarly
Toward and towards are two acceptable ways of spelling the same preposition. Toward is the preferred spelling in the United States and Canada. Towards is the preferred spelling in the …
TOWARDS | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
TOWARDS definition: 1. in the direction of, or closer to someone or something: 2. in relation to something or someone…. Learn more.
"Toward" vs. "Towards": Is There A Difference? - Thesaurus.com
Jan 20, 2021 · Do you move toward something or towards something? It turns out, you can do both, though some contexts favor one over the other. Is toward or towards correct? Both of the …
Toward vs. Towards: What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained
Toward (without the –s) is the preferred choice in American English. If you find yourself writing to an American audience in an American newspaper or magazine, toward is the best spelling to …
Toward vs. Towards: What’s the Difference? - Two Minute English
Mar 28, 2024 · As prepositions that convey movement or direction, the terms toward and towards are interchangeable. Both of these words indicate the trajectory toward a point, object, or goal, …
Toward vs. Towards: Clear Up the Confusion! - 7ESL
Sep 22, 2024 · “Toward” and “towards” are both correct and mean the same thing, but their usage depends on regional preferences. Toward: Use: Preferred in American English. “She walked …
Toward vs. Towards: Ending the Confusion - YourDictionary
Oct 27, 2021 · English speakers in North America tend to prefer toward, while countries that use British spelling prefer towards. It just depends on what sounds most correct to the speaker or …
TOWARD Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of TOWARD is in the direction of. How to use toward in a sentence.
Toward or towards? - Merriam-Webster
Both toward and towards are two forms of the same word. They've been used interchangeably since their inception in the 9th century. Toward is more common in the US and in Canada, …
Toward vs. Towards – What’s the Difference? - GRAMMARIST
In grammar, both toward and towards are correct spellings for the preposition that means in the direction of. The only variance between the two words is that one has an s in the end, while …
Toward or Towards - Grammarly
Toward and towards are two acceptable ways of spelling the same preposition. Toward is the preferred spelling in the United States and Canada. Towards is the preferred spelling in the …
TOWARDS | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
TOWARDS definition: 1. in the direction of, or closer to someone or something: 2. in relation to something or someone…. Learn more.
"Toward" vs. "Towards": Is There A Difference? - Thesaurus.com
Jan 20, 2021 · Do you move toward something or towards something? It turns out, you can do both, though some contexts favor one over the other. Is toward or towards correct? Both of the …
Toward vs. Towards: What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained
Toward (without the –s) is the preferred choice in American English. If you find yourself writing to an American audience in an American newspaper or magazine, toward is the best spelling to …
Toward vs. Towards: What’s the Difference? - Two Minute English
Mar 28, 2024 · As prepositions that convey movement or direction, the terms toward and towards are interchangeable. Both of these words indicate the trajectory toward a point, object, or goal, …
Toward vs. Towards: Clear Up the Confusion! - 7ESL
Sep 22, 2024 · “Toward” and “towards” are both correct and mean the same thing, but their usage depends on regional preferences. Toward: Use: Preferred in American English. “She walked …
Toward vs. Towards: Ending the Confusion - YourDictionary
Oct 27, 2021 · English speakers in North America tend to prefer toward, while countries that use British spelling prefer towards. It just depends on what sounds most correct to the speaker or …
TOWARD Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of TOWARD is in the direction of. How to use toward in a sentence.
