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| the mughal empire: Akbar and the Rise of the Mughal Empire George Bruce Malleson, 1899 |
| the mughal empire: The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui, 2012-08-27 For more than 200 years, the Mughal emperors ruled supreme in northern India. How was it possible that a Muslim, ethnically Turkish, Persian-speaking dynasty established itself in the Indian subcontinent to become one of the largest and most dynamic empires on earth? In this rigorous new interpretation of the period, Munis D. Faruqui explores Mughal state formation through the pivotal role of the Mughal princes. In a challenge to previous scholarship, the book suggests that far from undermining the foundations of empire, the court intrigues and political backbiting that were features of Mughal political life - and that frequently resulted in rebellions and wars of succession - actually helped spread, deepen and mobilise Mughal power through an empire-wide network of friends and allies. This engaging book, which uses a vast archive of European and Persian sources, takes the reader from the founding of the empire under Babur to its decline in the 1700s. |
| the mughal empire: The Formation of the Mughal Empire Douglas E. Streusand, 1989 This history of the Mughal empire examines the rituals of the Mughal court, the process of the empire's expansion, and Akbar's political and administrative initiatives in order to explain the fundamental characteristics of the Mughal polity. Streusand also places Mughal institutions and practices in their political and cultural contexts to explain how the Mughal ruling class coalesced from heterogeneous groups that retained their own identities. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire John F. Richards, 1993 This traces the history of the Mughal empire from its creation in 1526 to its breakup in 1720. It stresses the quality of Mughal territorial expansion, their innovation in land revenue, military organization, and the relationship between the emperors and I |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire at War Andrew de la Garza, 2016-04-28 The Mughal Empire was one of the great powers of the early modern era, ruling almost all of South Asia, a conquest state, dominated by its military elite. Many historians have viewed the Mughal Empire as relatively backward, the Emperor the head of a traditional warband from Central Asia, with tribalism and the traditions of the Islamic world to the fore, and the Empire not remotely comparable to the forward looking Western European states of the period, with their strong innovative armies implementing the “military revolution”. This book argues that, on the contrary, the military establishment built by the Emperor Babur and his successors was highly sophisticated, an effective combination of personnel, expertise, technology and tactics, drawing on precedents from Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and India, and that the resulting combined arms system transformed the conduct of warfare in South Asia. The book traces the development of the Mughal Empire chronologically, examines weapons and technology, tactics and operations, organization, recruitment and training, and logistics and non-combat operations, and concludes by assessing the overall achievements of the Mughal Empire, comparing it to its Western counterparts, and analyzing the reasons for its decline. |
| the mughal empire: A Short History of the Mughal Empire Michael Fisher, 2015-10-01 The Mughal Empire dominated India politically, culturally, socially, economically and environmentally, from its foundation by Babur, a Central Asian adventurer, in 1526 to the final trial and exile of the last emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar at the hands of the British in 1858. Throughout the empire's three centuries of rise, preeminence and decline, it remained a dynamic and complex entity within and against which diverse peoples and interests conflicted. The empire's significance continues to be controversial among scholars and politicians with fresh and exciting new insights, theories and interpretations being put forward in recent years. This book engages students and general readers with a clear, lively and informed narrative of the core political events, the struggles and interactions of key individuals, groups and cultures, and of the contending historiographical arguments surrounding the Mughal Empire. |
| the mughal empire: Mughal Empire Hourly History, 2020-06 Discover the remarkable history of the Mughal Empire...For more than two hundred years, the Mughal Empire dominated the Indian subcontinent. It became one of the largest empires on the planet with an army of almost one million men at arms and an economy that was stronger than any other at the time. The Mughal Empire developed new art and architecture, and some of the things created during this empire are still regarded as iconic representations of India. Although most of its conquests were achieved through the application of military power, this was also a relatively liberal, pluralist empire which successfully assimilated people from varied cultural and religious background into a total population of over one hundred and fifty million. Perhaps that is surprising given that this empire originated with an invasion by nomadic Mongols from the north; the very first Mughal emperor was a direct descendent of both Genghis Khan and Tamerlane. Then, just when the Mughal Empire seemed to have become invincible, it disintegrated in an astonishingly short space of time. This book tells the story of how the Mughal Empire was able to achieve almost unimaginable power and wealth and how within the nature of that success were the elements which eventually tore the empire apart. This is the complex, exciting story of the rapid rise and even more rapid collapse of the mighty, colorful, vibrant, and complex Mughal Empire. Discover a plethora of topics such as The Emergence of Babur The Reign of Akbar the Great Consolidation and Glory Art, Architecture and Science in the Mughal Empire Decline of the Mughal Empire India Falls under British Control And much more! So if you want a concise and informative book on the Mughal Empire, simply scroll up and click the Buy now button for instant access! |
| the mughal empire: The Empire of the Great Mughals Annemarie Schimmel, 2004 Annemarie Schimmel has written extensively on India, Islam and poetry. In this comprehensive study she presents an overview of the cultural, economic, militaristic and artistic attributes of the great Mughal Empire from 1526 to 1857. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal World Abraham Eraly, 2007 It Is Hard To Imagine Anyone Succeeding More Gracefully In Producing A Balanced Overview Than Abraham Eraly William Dalrymple, Sunday Times, London In The Mughal World Abraham Eraly Continues His Fascinating Chronicle Of The Grand Saga Of The Mughal Empire. In Emperors Of The Peacock Throne He Gave Us The Story Of The Lives And Achievements Of The Great Mughal Emperors; In This Book, He Looks Beyond The Momentous Historical Events To Portray, In Precise And Vivid Detail, The Agony And Ecstasy Of Life In Mughal India. Combining Scholarly Objectivity With Artful Storytelling The Author Presents A Lively Panorama Of The Mughal World Emperors And Nobles At Work And Play; Harem Life; The Profligacy And Extravagance Of The Ruling Class Juxtaposed With The Stark Wretchedness Of The Common People. Meticulously Researched And Lucidly Narrated The Mughal World Offers Rare Insights Into The State Of The Empire S Economy, Religious Policies, The Mughal Army And Its Tactics, And The Glories Of Mughal Art, Architecture, Literature And Music. |
| the mughal empire: Emperors of the Peacock Throne Abraham Eraly, 2000 A Stirring Account Of One Of The World S Greatest Empires In December 1525, Zahir-Ud-Din Babur, Descended From Chengiz Khan And Timur Lenk, Crossed The Indus River Into The Punjab With A Modest Army And Some Cannon. At Panipat, Five Months Later, He Fought The Most Important Battle Of His Life And Routed The Mammoth Army Of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, The Afghan Ruler Of Hindustan. Mughal Rule In India Had Begun. It Was To Continue For Over Three Centuries, Shaping India For All Time. In This Definitive Biography Of The Great Mughals, Abraham Eraly Reclaims The Right To Set Down History As A Chronicle Of Flesh-And-Blood People. Bringing To His Task The Objectivity Of A Scholar And The High Imagination Of A Master Storyteller, He Recreates The Lives Of Babur, The Intrepid Pioneer; The Dreamer Humayun; Akbar, The Greatest And Most Enigmatic Of The Mughals; The Aesthetes Jehangir And Shah Jahan; And The Dour And Determined Aurangzeb. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire Anne Davison, 2017-04-21 This book tells the story of the Mughal Empire, which lasted from 1526 to 1857 when it was dissolved by the British following the Indian Uprising. It was a time when the Indian sub-continent was ruled by a Turco-Mongol Islamic dynasty. The early Mughals, who came from Central Asia, introduced many aspects of Persian culture into India, for example literature, painting and architecture. The Taj Mahal is a surviving example of the particular Indo-Islamic style of Mughals architecture. Under the first six Emperors, the Mughals enjoyed expansion and prosperity. The reign of Akbar the Great was unusual for its religious tolerance. Shah Jahan is remembered for the many magnificent buildings he commissioned. The sixth Emperor, Aurangzeb was a conservative Muslim who introduced Sharia Law. Contemporary sources, both biographies and the accounts of European travellers, help to put flesh onto the bones of these Emperors. With the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the Empire went into a steady decline. This was partly due to the affects of Aurangzeb's religious policies that had alienated the majority Hindu population. Another reason was the growing power of the Hindu Marathas. But the greatest factor was the increasing presence and influence of the British East India Company. By the middle of the 19th Century Mughal power was limited to just Delhi and its environs. Relations between the British and local population had deteriorated. A minor incident broke out in the ranks of the Bengal Native Infantry leading to the Indian Uprising. This book is written in an accessible style that should appeal to the non-academic. Maps, family trees, a Who's Who and a Timeline should help the reader navigate through this fascinating story. |
| the mughal empire: From Stone to Paper Chanchal B. Dadlani, 2018-01-01 This groundbreaking volume examines how the Mughal Empire used architecture to refashion its identity and stage authority in the 18th century, as it struggled to maintain political power against both regional challenges and the encroaching British Empire. |
| the mughal empire: An Environmental History of India Michael H. Fisher, 2018-10-18 India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh contain one-fifth of humanity, are home to many biodiversity hotspots, and are among the nations most subject to climatic stresses. By surveying their environmental history, we can gain major insights into the causes and implications of the Indian subcontinent's current conditions. This accessible new survey begins roughly 100 million years ago, when continental drift moved India from the South Pole and across the Indian Ocean, forming the Himalayan Mountains and creating monsoons. Coverage continues to the twenty-first century, taking readers beyond independence from colonial rule. The new nations of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh have produced rising populations and have stretched natural resources, even as they have become increasingly engaged with climate change. To understand the region's current and future pressing issues, Michael H. Fisher argues that we must engage with the long and complex history of interactions among its people, land, climate, flora, and fauna. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire Captivating History, 2020-06-15 The Mughal Empire, also known as the Moghul Empire, lasted for about three centuries, and at its peak, it covered 3.2 million square kilometers, from the outer borders of the Indus Basin in the west to the highlands of Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and from Afghanistan and Kashmir in the north to the Deccan Plateau in the south. |
| the mughal empire: The Economy of the Mughal Empire, C. 1595 Shireen Moosvi, 1987 Can the structure of the 15th-century Indian economy be analyzed on a quantified basis, as can a contemporary economy? Taking advantage of the immense amount of statistical material in the Ain-i Akbari, the great official compilation of the Mughal empire, this book revises the widely held views on a number of economic conditions of the day, and weighs general impressions against a rigorous analysis of properly quantified data. |
| the mughal empire: The Decline of the Mughal Empire Meena Bhargava, 2014 The Mughal Empire is a fascinating mosaic in the history of India. The 'decline' of the Mughal Empire, along with its power, wealth, stability, territoriality, and exquisite and surreal character, has engaged historians for several decades in a complex and contentious debate. This volume explores the divergent views and discussions that surround the withering of this empire and focuses on the different paradigms and assumptions that have shaped the interpretations of this decline. A part of the Debates in Indian History and Society series, this volume tackles questions regarding the Mughal Empire. Was the decline a mere deterioration of power over a period of roughly thirty to fifty years or did the decentralizing tendencies of the empire become more apparent and aggressive during these particular years? Did the decline of the Mughal Empire lead to a 'dark age', or notwithstanding the decline and the political collapse of the centre, did the Indian economy and polity continue to flourish? This book will be of interest to students, teachers, and scholars of medieval and modern Indian history. |
| the mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire Sir Jadunath Sarkar, 1932 |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire John F. Richards, 1993-03-18 The Mughal empire was one of the largest centralized states in the premodern world and this volume traces the history of this magnificent empire from its creation in 1526 to its breakup in 1720. Richards stresses the dynamic quality of Mughal territorial expansion, their institutional innovations in land revenue, coinage and military organization, ideological change and the relationship between the emperors and Islam. He also analyzes institutions particular to the Mughal empire, such as the jagir system, and explores Mughal India's links with the early modern world. |
| the mughal empire: Last Mughal (P/B) William Dalrynple, 2007 Winner Of The Duff Cooper Prize For History 2007 Bahadur Shah Zafar Ii, The Last Mughal Emperor, Was A Mystic, A Talented Poet, And A Skilled Calligrapher, Who, Though Deprived Of Real Political Power By The East India Company, Succeeded In Creating A Court Of Great Brilliance, And Presided Over One Of The Great Cultural Renaissances Of Indian History. In 1857 It Was Zafar S Blessing To A Rebellion Among The Company S Own Indian Troops That Transformed An Army Mutiny Into The Largest Uprising The British Empire Ever Had To Face. The Last Mughal Is A Portrait Of The Dazzling Delhi Zafar Personified, And The Story Of The Last Days Of The Great Mughal Capital And Its Final Destruction In The Catastrophe Of 1857. Shaped From Groundbreaking Material, William Dalrymple S Powerful Retelling Of This Fateful Course Of Events Is An Extraordinary Revisionist Work With Clear Contemporary Echoes. It Is The First Account To Present The Indian Perspective On The Siege, And Has At Its Heart The Stories Of The Forgotten Individuals Tragically Caught Up In One Of The Bloodiest Upheavals In History. |
| the mughal empire: The Great Moghuls Bamber Gascoigne, 1971 This book will appeal to the increasing numb er of people travelling to India each year, detailing perhap s the most interesting period of Indian history, the time of the Great Moghuls. ' |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire from Jahangir to Shah Jahan Ali Anooshahr, 2019-02-28 * The first multi-disciplinary analysis of Shah Jahan and his predecessor Jahangir, this collection of essays focuses on one of the least studied periods of Mughal history, the reign of Shah Jahan* Through subaltern court writing, art, architecture, accounts of foreign traders and poetry, the authors reconstruct the court of the Mughal emperor, whose influence extended even to 19th-century AfghanistanThe reign of Shah Jahan (1628-58) is widely regarded as the golden age of the Mughal empire, yet it is one of the least studied periods of Mughal history. In this volume, 14 eminent scholars with varied historical interests - political, social, economic, legal, cultural, literary and art-historical - present for the first time a multi-disciplinary analysis of Shah Jahan and his predecessor Jahangir (r. 1605-27). Corinne Lefèvre, Anna Kollatz, Ali Anooshahr, Munis Faruqui and Mehreen Chida-Razvi study the various ways in which the events of the transition between the two reigns found textual expression in Jahangir's and Shah Jahan's historiography, in subaltern courtly writing, and in art and architecture. Harit Joshi and Stephan Popp throw light on the emperor's ceremonial interaction with his subjects and Roman Siebertz enumerates the bureaucratic hurdles which foreign visitors had to face when seeking trade concessions from the court. Sunil Sharma analyses the new developments in Persian poetry under Shah Jahan's patronage and Chander Shekhar identifies the Mughal variant of the literary genre of prefaces. Ebba Koch derives from the changing ownership of palaces and gardens insights about the property rights of the Mughal nobility and imperial escheat practices. Susan Stronge discusses floral and figural tile revetments as a new form of architectural decoration and J.P. Losty sheds light on the changes in artistic patronage and taste that transformed Jahangiri painting into Shahjahani. R.D. McChesney shows how Shah Jahan's reign cast such a long shadow that it even reached the late 19th- and early 20th-century rulers of Afghanistan.This imaginatively conceived collection of articles invites us to see in Mughal India of the first half of the 17th century a structural continuity in which the reigns of Jahangir and Shah Jahan emerge as a unit, a creative reconceptualization of the Mughal empire as visualized by Akbar on the basis of what Babur and Humayun had initiated. This age seized the imagination of the contemporaries and, in a world as yet unruptured by an intrusive colonial modernity, Shah Jahan's court was regarded as the paradigm of civility, progress and development. |
| the mughal empire: A History of Bangladesh Willem van Schendel, 2009-02-12 Bangladesh is a new name for an old land whose history is little known to the wider world. A country chiefly famous in the West for media images of poverty, underdevelopment, and natural disasters, Bangladesh did not exist as an independent state until 1971. Willem van Schendel's history reveals the country's vibrant, colourful past and its diverse culture as it navigates the extraordinary twists and turns that have created modern Bangladesh. The story begins with the early geological history of the delta which has decisively shaped Bangladesh society. The narrative then moves chronologically through the era of colonial rule, the partition of Bengal, the war with Pakistan and the birth of Bangladesh as an independent state. In so doing, it reveals the forces that have made Bangladesh what it is today. This is an eloquent introduction to a fascinating country and its resilient and inventive people. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire and Its Decline Andrea Hintze, 1997 The book examines major developments and recent trends in the historiography of the Mughal Empire and post-Mughal state systems. The aim is to integrate the research of the past twenty to thirty years in a theoretical framework in order to achieve a better understanding of the transition period of the late 17th and early 18th century in India. The book outlines organizational structures and power relationships in the Mughal Empire and accounts for the redistribution of power on the Indian subcontinent in the context of long-term stuctural change in the Indian Ocean region. Rather than signalling social stagnation and decay, the decline of the imperial order and the transformation of the political system appear to reflect a process in which the state dynamically adjusted to changes in Indian society and economy. By integrating new social groups and incorporating various new technical means of resources mangagement, the state significantly enhanced its organizational power and its capacity for social control. |
| the mughal empire: Discoveries: India and the Mughal Dynasty Valerie Berinstain, 1998-03-01 In the 16th century the Mughal emperors of India were among the greatest and most magnificent rulers of the East. Their arts of painting and architecture were peerless, their wealth fabulous, their courts renowned for culture and refinement, their jewels incomparable. This book follows the rise of Mughal dynasty in the 16th century, its heyday in the 17th, and its decline in the 19th. Fabled India: here we meet the legendary emperors Babur and Akbar the Great; we enter splendid courts and discover their political schemes and ambitions, ytheir marvelous artists, their lavish ceremonies, their high learning. The Mughal kingdoms comprised both Muslim and Hindu lands and ranged from Kashmir to Afghanistan to Samarkand, Art, science, craftmanship0, political policy, and military strategy: all are here, echoing in the vast spaces of the Taj Mahal and the scented gardens of Shalimar.--book cover. |
| the mughal empire: Writing Self, Writing Empire Rajeev Kinra, 2015-09-17 A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press’s new open access publishing program for monographs. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. Writing Self, Writing Empire examines the life, career, and writings of the Mughal state secretary, or munshi, Chandar Bhan “Brahman” (d. c.1670), one of the great Indo-Persian poets and prose stylists of early modern South Asia. Chandar Bhan’s life spanned the reigns of four different emperors, Akbar (1556-1605), Jahangir (1605-1627), Shah Jahan (1628-1658), and Aurangzeb ‘Alamgir (1658-1707), the last of the “Great Mughals” whose courts dominated the culture and politics of the subcontinent at the height of the empire’s power, territorial reach, and global influence. As a high-caste Hindu who worked for a series of Muslim monarchs and other officials, forming powerful friendships along the way, Chandar Bhan’s experience bears vivid testimony to the pluralistic atmosphere of the Mughal court, particularly during the reign of Shah Jahan, the celebrated builder of the Taj Mahal. But his widely circulated and emulated works also touch on a range of topics central to our understanding of the court’s literary, mystical, administrative, and ethical cultures, while his letters and autobiographical writings provide tantalizing examples of early modern Indo-Persian modes of self-fashioning. Chandar Bhan’s oeuvre is a valuable window onto a crucial, though surprisingly neglected, period of Mughal cultural and political history. |
| the mughal empire: The Emperors' Album Stuart Cary Welch, 1987 Fifty leaves that form the sumptuous Kevorkian Album, one of the world's greatest assemblages of Mughal art. -- Metropolitan Museum of Art website. |
| the mughal empire: Writing the Mughal World Muzaffar Alam, Sanjay Subrahmanyam, 2012 Between the mid-sixteenth and early nineteenth century, the Mughal Empire was an Indo-Islamic dynasty that ruled as far as Bengal in the east and Kabul in the west, as high as Kashmir in the north and the Kaveri basin in the south. The Mughals constructed a sophisticated, complex system of government that facilitated an era of profound artistic and architectural achievement. They promoted the place of Persian culture in Indian society and set the groundwork for South Asia's future development. In this volume, two leading historians of early modern South Asia present nine major joint essays on the Mughal Empire, framed by an essential introductory reflection. Making creative use of materials written in Persian, Indian vernacular languages, and a variety of European languages, their chapters accomplish the most significant innovations in Mughal historiography in decades, intertwining political, cultural, and commercial themes while exploring diplomacy, state-formation, history-writing, religious debate, and political thought. Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam center on confrontations between different source materials that they then reconcile, enabling readers to participate in both the debate and resolution of competing claims. Their introduction discusses the comparative and historiographical approach of their work and its place within the literature on Mughal rule. Interdisciplinary and cutting-edge, this volume richly expands research on the Mughal state, early modern South Asia, and the comparative history of the Mughal, Ottoman, Safavid, and other early modern empires. |
| the mughal empire: Aurangzíb and the Decay of the Mughal Empire Stanley Lane-Poole, 2019-02-21 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| the mughal empire: Mughal Empire in India Shripad Rama Sharma, 1966 |
| the mughal empire: The Great Mughals and their India Dirk Collier, 2016-03-01 A definitive, comprehensive and engrossing chronicle of one of the greatest dynasties of the world – the Mughal – from its founder Babur to Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last of the clan. The magnificent Mughal legacy – the world-famous Taj Mahal being the most prominent among countless other examples – is an inexhaustible source of inspiration to historians, writers, moviemakers, artists and ordinary mortals alike. Mughal history abounds with all the ingredients of classical drama: ambition and frustration, hope and despair, grandeur and decline, love and hate, and loyalty and betrayal. In other words: it is great to read and offers ample food for thought on the human condition. Much more importantly, Mughal history deserves to be widely read and reflected upon, because of its lasting cultural and socio-political relevance to today’s world in general and the Indian subcontinent in particular. The Mughals have left us with a legacy that cannot be erased. With regard to the eventful reigns of Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb and their successors, crucial questions arise: Where did they succeed? Where did they fail? And more importantly, what should we learn from their triumphs and failures? The author believes that history books should be accurate, informative and entertaining. In The Great Mughals and Their India, he has kept these objectives in mind in an attempt to narrate Mughal history from their perspective. At the same time, he does not shy away from dealing with controversial issues. Here is a fascinating and riveting saga that brings alive a spectacular bygone era – authentically and convincingly. |
| the mughal empire: Empress: The Astonishing Reign of Nur Jahan Ruby Lal, 2018-07-03 Finalist for the 2018 Los Angeles Times Book Prize in History A luminous biography. —Rafia Zakaria, Guardian Four centuries ago, a Muslim woman ruled an empire. Nur Jahan, daughter of a Persian noble and widow of a subversive official, became the twentieth and most cherished wife of the Emperor Jahangir. Nur ruled the vast Mughal Empire alongside her husband, leading troops into battle, signing imperial orders, and astutely handling matters of the state. Acclaimed historian Ruby Lal uncovers the rich life and world of Nur Jahan, rescuing this dazzling figure from patriarchal and Orientalist clichés of romance and intrigue, and giving new insight into the lives of women and girls in the Mughal Empire. In Empress, Nur Jahan finally receives her due in a deeply researched and evocative biography that awakens us to a fascinating history. |
| the mughal empire: Daughters of the Sun Ira Mukhoty, 2018 In 1526, when the nomadic Timurid warrior-scholar Babur rode into Hindustan, his wives, sisters, daughters, aunts and distant female relatives travelled with him. These women would help establish a dynasty and empire that would rule India for the next 200 years and become a byword for opulence and grandeur. By the second half of the seventeenth century, the Mughal empire was one of the largest and richest in the world. The Mughal women-unmarried daughters, eccentric sisters, fiery milk mothers and powerful wives-often worked behind the scenes and from within the zenana, but there were some notable exceptions among them who rode into battle with their men, built stunning monuments, engaged in diplomacy, traded with foreigners and minted coins in their own names. Others wrote biographies and patronised the arts. In Daughters of the Sun, we meet remarkable characters like Khanzada Begum who, at sixty-five, rode on horseback through 750 kilometres of icy passes and unforgiving terrain to parley on behalf of her nephew, Humayun; Gulbadan Begum, who gave us the only document written by a woman of the Mughal royal court, a rare glimpse into the harem, as well as a chronicle of the trials and tribulations of three emperors-Babur, Humayun and Akbar-her father, brother and nephew; Akbar's milk mothers or foster-mothers, Jiji Anaga and Maham Anaga, who shielded and guided the thirteen-year-old emperor until he came of age; Noor Jahan, 'Light of the World', a widow and mother who would become Jahangir's last and favourite wife, acquiring an imperial legacy of her own; and the fabulously wealthy Begum Sahib (Princess of Princesses) Jahanara, Shah Jahan's favourite child, owner of the most lucrative port in medieval India and patron of one of its finest cities, Shahjahanabad. The very first attempt to chronicle the women who played a vital role in building the Mughal empire, Daughters of the Sun is an illuminating and gripping history of a little known aspect of the most magnificent dynasty the world has ever known. |
| the mughal empire: Fall Of The Mughal Empire- Vol. I (4Th Edn.) Jadunath Sarkar, 1991 The four volumes together comprise a detailed study of the causes and the result of the events between 1707 1803, that is between the death of Aurangzib and the conquest of Delhi. Dr Sarkar s pioneering work is based on a close examination of contemporary sources and documents. The fourth edition of this book includes extensive footnotes listing the best sources available on the subject, scholarly acknowledgement of other historians views, and detailed identification in present-day India of the villages and towns mentioned in the book. |
| the mughal empire: Culture of Encounters Audrey Truschke, 2016-03-01 Culture of Encounters documents the fascinating exchange between the Persian-speaking Islamic elite of the Mughal Empire and traditional Sanskrit scholars, which engendered a dynamic idea of Mughal rule essential to the empire's survival. This history begins with the invitation of Brahman and Jain intellectuals to King Akbar's court in the 1560s, then details the numerous Mughal-backed texts they and their Mughal interlocutors produced under emperors Akbar, Jahangir (1605–1627), and Shah Jahan (1628–1658). Many works, including Sanskrit epics and historical texts, were translated into Persian, elevating the political position of Brahmans and Jains and cultivating a voracious appetite for Indian writings throughout the Mughal world. The first book to read these Sanskrit and Persian works in tandem, Culture of Encounters recasts the Mughal Empire as a polyglot polity that collaborated with its Indian subjects to envision its sovereignty. The work also reframes the development of Brahman and Jain communities under Mughal rule, which coalesced around carefully selected, politically salient memories of imperial interaction. Along with its groundbreaking findings, Culture of Encounters certifies the critical role of the sociology of empire in building the Mughal polity, which came to irrevocably shape the literary and ruling cultures of early modern India. |
| the mughal empire: Babur, Founder of the Mughal Empire in India Mohibbul Hasan, 1985 |
| the mughal empire: Universal Empire Peter Fibiger Bang, Dariusz Kolodziejczyk, 2012-08-16 The claim by certain rulers to universal empire has a long history stretching as far back as the Assyrian and Achaemenid Empires. This book traces its various manifestations in classical antiquity, the Islamic world, Asia and Central America as well as considering seventeenth- and eighteenth-century European discussions of international order. As such it is an exercise in comparative world history combining a multiplicity of approaches, from ancient history, to literary and philosophical studies, to the history of art and international relations and historical sociology. The notion of universal, imperial rule is presented as an elusive and much coveted prize among monarchs in history, around which developed forms of kingship and political culture. Different facets of the phenomenon are explored under three, broadly conceived, headings: symbolism, ceremony and diplomatic relations; universal or cosmopolitan literary high-cultures; and, finally, the inclination to present universal imperial rule as an expression of cosmic order. |
| the mughal empire: The Mughal Empire at War Andrew De la Garza, 2016 |
| the mughal empire: The Lives of the Mughal Emperors John Reeve, 2012 Through the Mughal's rich legacy of art and architecture, and using many first-hand accounts from the time, this book reveals the lives of the Mughals, exploring how their individual characters differed and how between them they came to build, and lose, a great empire. It tells the remarkable story of the 300-year Mughal dynasty in India. |
Mughal Empire - Wikipedia
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the …
Mughal dynasty | Map, Rulers, Decline, & Facts | Britannica
Jun 11, 2025 · Mughal dynasty, Muslim dynasty of Turkic-Mongol origin that ruled most of northern India from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. The administrative organization of the …
5 legendary Mughal rulers and the facts that made them ...
3 days ago · The Mughal Empire significantly influenced the Indian subcontinent through its administrative systems and iconic monuments. Key emperors like Babur, who established the …
Mughal Empire - New World Encyclopedia
The Mughal Empire, (Persian language: مغل بادشاۿ) was an empire that at its greatest territorial extent ruled parts of Afghanistan, Balochistan and most of the Indian Subcontinent between …
Mughal - Encyclopedia.com
Jun 27, 2018 · Mughal (mōōgŭl´) or Mogul (mō´gəl, mōgŭl´), Muslim empire in India, 1526–1857. The dynasty was founded by Babur [1], a Turkic chieftain who had his base in Afghanistan. …
The Mughal Empire's 300-Year Rule of India - ThoughtCo
Jul 8, 2019 · The Mughal Empire started in 1526 and ruled India for over 300 years. At its height, the Mughal Empire was one of the most powerful empires in the world. The Mughals left …
Mughal Empire, History, Timeline, Rulers List, Map, UPSC Notes
Apr 8, 2025 · The Mughal Empire ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent from the early 16th to mid-19th centuries. Founded in 1526 by Babur, a Timurid prince descended from Turkic …
Mughal Empire - Wikipedia
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the …
Mughal dynasty | Map, Rulers, Decline, & Facts | Britannica
Jun 11, 2025 · Mughal dynasty, Muslim dynasty of Turkic-Mongol origin that ruled most of northern India from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. The administrative organization of …
5 legendary Mughal rulers and the facts that made them ...
3 days ago · The Mughal Empire significantly influenced the Indian subcontinent through its administrative systems and iconic monuments. Key emperors like Babur, who established the …
Mughal Empire - New World Encyclopedia
The Mughal Empire, (Persian language: مغل بادشاۿ) was an empire that at its greatest territorial extent ruled parts of Afghanistan, Balochistan and most of the Indian Subcontinent between …
Mughal - Encyclopedia.com
Jun 27, 2018 · Mughal (mōōgŭl´) or Mogul (mō´gəl, mōgŭl´), Muslim empire in India, 1526–1857. The dynasty was founded by Babur [1], a Turkic chieftain who had his base in Afghanistan. …
The Mughal Empire's 300-Year Rule of India - ThoughtCo
Jul 8, 2019 · The Mughal Empire started in 1526 and ruled India for over 300 years. At its height, the Mughal Empire was one of the most powerful empires in the world. The Mughals left …
Mughal Empire, History, Timeline, Rulers List, Map, UPSC Notes
Apr 8, 2025 · The Mughal Empire ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent from the early 16th to mid-19th centuries. Founded in 1526 by Babur, a Timurid prince descended from Turkic …
