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| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Prediction Instrument for Young Children (SPI) Glyndon D. Riley, 1981-01-01 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Severity Instrument Glyndon D. Riley, Klaas Bakker, 2009-01-01 SSI-4: stuttering Severity instrument - Fourth Edition is a reliable and valid norm-referenced stuttering assessment that can be used for both clinical and search purposes. It measures stuttering severity in both children and adults in the four areas of speech behavior: (1) frequency, (2) duration, (3) physical concomitants, and (4) naturalness of the individual's speech. Frequency is expressed in percent syllables stuttered and converted to scale scores of 2-18. Duration is timed to the nearest one tenth of a second and converted to scale scores of 2-18. The four types of Physical Concomitants are and converted to scale scores of 0-20. The SSI-4 can also be used in conjunction with the stuttering prediction instruments for Young Children (SPI). SSI-4 was normed on a sample of 72 preschool-aged children, 139 school-aged children, and 60 adults. It has four components, each of which is used to assess and monitor the stuttering severity in both children and adults for clinical and research use: (1) Examiner's Manual and Picture Plates, (2) Test Record and Frequency Computation Forms, (3) Subjective stuttering Scales, and (4) Computerized Scoring of stuttering Severity (Software Version 2.0). The Computerized Scoring of the stuttering Severity (Version 2; CSSS-2.0) software is provided to facilitate the calculation of frequency and duration. The CSSS-2.0 automatically produces a record of the percentage of syllables stuttered (frequency) and the duration of the three longest stuttering events. Minimum System Requirements: IBM PC or compatible Windows 2000(SP4)/2003/XP/Vista Processor: 600 MHz Pentium III;equivalent or higher 1.45 MB hard disk space External mouse and keyboard recommended (for scoring accuracy) CD-ROM drive Complete SSI-4 (c2009) Kit Includes: Examiner's Manual and Picture Plates 50 Test Record and Frequency Computation Forms CSSS 2.0 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Clinical Management of Childhood Stuttering Meryl J. Wall, Florence L. Myers, 1995 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: A Guide to Clinical Assessment and Professional Report Writing in Speech-Language Pathology Cyndi Stein-Rubin, Renee Fabus, 2024-06-01 Learning to assess speech and language disorders and write diagnostic reports may be an overwhelming experience, especially when most texts don’t cover both topics at once. With that in mind, A Guide to Clinical Assessment and Professional Report Writing in Speech-Language Pathology, Second Edition combines the latest assessment protocols and diagnostic techniques with vital diagnostic report writing tools into a single definitive guide. Cyndi Stein-Rubin, Renee Fabus, and their contributors recognize that clinical assessment is inextricably linked to report writing and have updated this Second Edition to synthesize the two. Following the introductory chapters, which discuss the basics of assessment and report writing, each subsequent chapter focuses on a particular disorder, provides in-depth assessment tools, and presents a corresponding sample report. Key Features: An inventory and explanation of formal and informal assessment measures A glossary of key vocabulary Sample case histories with assessment tools Relevant and useful interview questions Each disorder’s background and characteristics Assessment parameters A differential diagnosis section A model report The accessible format of A Guide to Clinical Assessment and Professional Report Writing in Speech-Language Pathology, Second Edition will help students learn how to assess and document speech and language disorders and will also make for a perfect reference for them as clinicians for years to come. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Cluttering Yvonne van Zaalen & Isabella Reichel, 2015 Drs. Van Zaalen and Reichel, internationally renowned experts about cluttering, have drawn on their extensive experience in working with people who clutter to prepare a comprehensive guide that covers everything a clinician needs to know about cluttering, from theory to diagnosis to treatment and beyond. The book includes personalized explanations that help readers truly understand the complicated disorder known as cluttering, along with numerous therapy activities and exercises that can be directly incorporated into treatment for people who clutter. Potentially confusing topics are presented with clarity, controversies are explained in accessible terms, and the varied presentations of the condition are sorted so clinicians can approach their clients in an orderly and organized fashion. Examples of the types of information presented include: defining cluttering (including historical perspectives), differential diagnosis between cluttering and stuttering (as well as numerous other conditions), public awareness and perceptions of cluttering, a wide range of key symptoms for clinicians to evaluate, detailed diagnostic procedures that examine more than just overt speech behaviors, and a careful consideration of therapy development and planning. It should be comforting for clinicians to recognize that they can receive such comprehensive guidance from these expert clinician/researchers, and I am confident that all who work with people who clutter will appreciate having access to this important new resource. -J. Scott Yaruss, PhD, CCC-SLP, ASHA Fellow Board-Recognized Specialist in Fluency Disorders, Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh, Co-Author, School-Age Stuttering: A Practical Guide and Minimizing Bullying for Children Who Stutter |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Early Childhood Stuttering for Clinicians by Clinicians Ehud Yairi, Nicoline Grinager Ambrose, 2005 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Assessment in Speech and Language Therapy John R. Beech, Leonora Harding, 2018-10-31 What assessment tests are available to speech therapists? How are they best used? Originally published in 1993, Assessment in Speech and Language Therapy was designed to guide speech therapists in choosing the most appropriate assessments for evaluation, monitoring and intervention at the time. By providing guidance on defining the issues in assessment, it shows how to make sure that the process will produce a result relevant to the therapist’s own needs and those of his or her clients. The major issues involved are discussed in detail, in particular how to make sure that assessments are relevant to individual needs. This title will be invaluable to all speech therapists and clinical psychologists working in this area. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Psychology Library Editions: Speech and Language Disorders Various, 2019-03-14 Psychology Library Editions: Speech and Language Disorders (8 Volume set) presents titles, originally published between 1942 and 1993, covering a variety of areas from auditory processing difficulties to stuttering. The titles show the progression of knowledge and treatment through the twentieth century. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Manual of Stuttering Intervention Patricia M. Zebrowski, Ellen M. Kelly, 2002 Therapy Manual for Stuttering presents a comprehensive, eclectic approach to stuttering intervention beginning with a multifactorial model and clear guidelines for assessment of the problem. Easy to use outline format deals with stuttering therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Offers an eclectic approach to assessment and treatment with decision-making guidelines for best practices. Outline format enhances understanding of content and its use in clinical settings. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering and Other Fluency Disorders Franklin H. Silverman, 2004 The author, who himself has stuttered since early childhood, brings more than 40 years of clinical expertise to this expanded and updated third edition. The book examines both contemporary and historical theories of the etiology of stuttering, cluttering, neurogenic acquired stuttering, and psychogenic acquired stuttering. Readers will find indispensable information on the symptomatology, etiology, development, evaluation, and management of these disorders, including new information on the prevention of stuttering as an impairment, a disability, a handicap, and an overlay. Because the abnormal behaviors exhibited by all children and adults who have a particular fluency disorder are not the same, this comprehensive volume also offers important information for evaluating/describing behaviors that define stuttering problems and for differentiating stuttering from normal disfluency and other fluency disorders. In addition, readers will learn how to establish therapy! goals and develop intervention strategies for achieving them. Included among many outstanding features of this fine text are guidelines for meeting the requirement of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Knowledge and Skills Acquisition (KASA) initiative and a list of organizations and Internet resources to use in networking as well as in accessing any specific, clinically relevant information about fluency disorders and help in coping with them.--Publisher's description. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: American Journal of Speech-language Pathology , 1991 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Working with People who Stutter Ellen M. Bennett, 2006 For courses in Communication Sciences and Disorders, Stuttering and Fluency. Working with People Who Stutter: A Lifespan Approach offers a comprehensive overview of the nature and treatment of stuttering across the lifespan. Written for clinicians, speech language pathologists, and students who want a balanced understanding about the complexities of stuttering, readers will learn about the characteristics and theoretical information about people who are afflicted by this condition. This fresh, new text provides information on each age group (preschool, school-age, adolescent, and adult) and is categorized according to the affective, behavioral, and cognitive components of the disorder. The process of assessment and diagnosis is facilitated by coverage of multiple methods and a useful diagnostic checklist. Treatment chapters include multiple examples of current approaches, as well as practical therapy examples focusing on the 'how-to' of fluency therapy. Providing an 'applied emphasis' to the treatment of stuttering, this new contribution to the field should increase the competency, confidence, and enjoyment of clinicians working with people who stutter. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Edward G. Conture, 2001 This highly readable, clinically oriented book combines theory and therapy and examines all facets of stuttering, from possible etiologies through assessment to treatment. While considerable uncertainty still exists regarding the precise cause(s) of stuttering, Conture provides the reader with an even-handed coverage of fundamental knowledge, methodology, and procedures for effectively dealing with stuttering in children, teenagers, and adults. The book goes beyond a how to manual. Rather, Conture's clinical handbook provides both students and clinicians a source for principle-based procedures and strategies for the management of stuttering. Focusing on people who stutter as people first and people who stutter second, the material covers assessment and management of stuttering within the realities of everyday living, concomitant speech and language problems and clinical practice. For those in the fields of communication science and disorders and speech pathology. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Quick Reference to Speech-language Pathology Sally G. Pore, Kathlyn L. Reed, 1999 -- Comprehensive, yet highly efficient coverage of the latest speech language diagnoses -- Organized by a classification of syndromes and medical conditions -- Enables quick comparison between diagnoses and related information -- Provides information on nearly 100 different conditions |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests Taddy Maddox, 2008 Contains information on testing programs and packages, including hundreds of such instruments, commercial and otherwise. Instruments include those for psychology (including such topics as attention deficit disorder, families, illness, intelligence, pain, pathologies, personality and wellness), education (including aptitude, assistive technologies, behavior, English learning, fine arts, foreign language, guidance, academic topics, and speech and language) and business (including skills, attitudes, emotional intelligence, and team skills). Each entry gives the intended population, purpose, scoring methods and cost, along with a brief description of how to administer the test and use its results. The editor provides indexes of test publishers, test authors, and titles. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Therapy of Stuttering Richard Ham, 1990 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: We Have Never Been Modern Bruno Latour, 2012-10-01 With the rise of science, we moderns believe, the world changed irrevocably, separating us forever from our primitive, premodern ancestors. But if we were to let go of this fond conviction, Bruno Latour asks, what would the world look like? His book, an anthropology of science, shows us how much of modernity is actually a matter of faith. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests in Print Oscar Krisen Buros, 2006 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests Richard C. Sweetland, 1991 Revises the information in the second edition and presents over 700 new or revised tests. The Psychology section contains 20 subsections, Education has 54 subsections, and Business has 13 subsections. Does not contain reliability, validity, and normative data. Use the complementary Test Critiques series for this information. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Journal of Speech and Hearing Research , 1958 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Joseph S. Kalinowski, Tim Saltuklaroglu, 2005-11 This textbook presents a new paradigm for understanding the nature and treatment of stuttering based on recent discoveries in neuroscience. The authors illustrate how visible stuttering manifestations are actually a solution to a central problem, acting as a compensatory mechanism for a central involuntary block, rather than a problem in themselves. This book features methods that reduce stuttering by inhibiting this central block, through the use of sensory and motor tools, notably mirror neurons, and shows readers that stuttering is not a condition that can be effortlessly trained out of the system or eliminated via simple speech retraining. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Libidinal Economy Jean-François Lyotard, 1993 This is a philosophical development of the Freudian concept of 'libidinal economy' and one of Lyotard's most important works. In part a response to Deleuze and Guattari's Anti-Oedipus, it can also be seen as culminating a line of modern thought ranging from de Sade, Nietzsche and Bataille, to Deleuze, Klossowski, Irigaray and Cixous. It is thus important in the context of modern French philosophy, and also in its relevance to contemporary thinking on a broad range of questions, including sexual politics, semiotics and literary studies.--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Therapy Richard Culatta, Stanley A. Goldberg, 1994 *HA18, Stuttering Therapy: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Practice, Richard Culatta(Appalachain State University), Stanley Goldberg(San Francisco State University), U1647-9, 480 pp., 7 1/4 x 9 1/4, 0-023-26311-3, casebound, 1995, $39.00nk, October*/This book provides a comprehensive look at defining, measuring, and treating stuttering. It discusses basic concepts on which therapy is based and examines the process of diagnosis. The main portion of the book is devoted to therapy. Intervention programs are summarized and compared through the use of a unique methodology that clearly identifies attitudes and behaviors to be treated. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Stuttering Therapy Hugo H. Gregory, 2003 This book provides the reader explicit descriptions of therapy procedures and the necessary rationale for these procedures based on research and clinical experience. This comprehensive book begins with basic background information about speech fluency and the nature of stuttering. It is unique among books on stuttering therapy in that it includes a chapter providing analyses of eight areas of research, followed immediately by the implications of these findings for evaluation and treatment. Five chapters on assessment and treatment of all age groups carry out a main theme of relating research knowledge to clinical procedures. A final chapter focuses on a reframing of the processes of counseling and stuttering therapy. Speech language pathologists and anyone interested in communication disorders. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests in Print IV Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, 1999 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests in Print VI Linda L. Murphy, 2002 Consists of descriptive listings of commercially published tests. It serves as a comprehensive index to all the Mental Measurement Yearbooks published to date. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests in Print Linda L. Murphy, 1999 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Progress in the Treatment of Fluency Disorders Lena Rustin, Harry Purser, David Rowley, 1987 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: The ETS Test Collection Catalog Educational Testing Service, 1989 The major source of infornmation on the availability of standardized tests. -- Wilson Library BulletinCovers commercially available standardized tests and hard-to-locate research instruments. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Evaluation of the Oregon Medicaid Proposal United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment, 1992 As part of an eventual statewide set of health insurance reform measures, the State of Oregon has proposed implementing a demonstration program, with Federal cofunding, that would change the State's existing Medicaid program in three fundamental ways. It would: 1) expand coverage to include all persons with incomes up to 100 percent of the Federal poverty level; 2) enroll all covered persons in some form of managed care, such as with a health maintenance organization or a gatekeeperprimary care physician; and 3) determine acute and primary health care benefits according to a ranked list of services, with actual benefits dependent on the level of program funding. [Foreword, p. III] |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Postsecondary Student Terminology John Fay Putnam, 1981 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Liquid Life Rachel Armstrong, 2019 If we lived in a liquid world, the concept of a machine would make no sense. Liquid life is metaphor and apparatus that discusses the consequences of thinking, working, and living through liquids. It is an irreducible, paradoxical, parallel, planetary-scale material condition, unevenly distributed spatially, but temporally continuous. It is what remains when logical explanations can no longer account for the experiences that we recognize as part of being alive.Liquid Life references a third-millennial understanding of matter that seeks to restore the agency of the liquid soul for an ecological era, which has been banished by reductionist, brute materialist discourses and mechanical models of life. Offering an alternative worldview of the living realm through a new materialist and liquid study of matter, Armstrong conjures forth examples of creatures that do not obey mechanistic concepts like predictability, efficiency, and rationality. With the advent of molecular science, an increasingly persuasive ontology of liquid technologies can be identified. Through the lens of lifelike dynamic droplets, the agency for these systems exists at the interfaces between different fields of matter/energy that respond to highly local effects, with no need for a central organizing system.Liquid Life seeks an alternative partnership between humanity and the natural world. It provokes a re-invention of the languages of the living realm to open up alternative spaces for exploration, including contributor Rolf Hughes' angelology of language, which explores the transformative invocations of prose poetry, and Simone Ferracina's graphical notations that help shape our concepts of metabolism, upcycling, and designing with fluids. A conceptual and practical toolset for thinking and designing, liquid life reunites us with the irreducible soul substance of living things, which will neither be simply solved, nor go away. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Essence of Pediatrics M. R. Khan, 2011-08-10 From their vast knowledge and experience, authors bring the essence of the subject pediatrics in the form of this text book, which will serve the purpose for students (both undergraduate and postgraduates), teachers and practicing pediatricians. Covers all common pediatric problems prevailing in the Indian sub-continent in lucid and easy-to-understand language. Concise, contains the recent updates, more community oriented, edited more frequently, less voluminous. Written by well-experienced eminent authors, who are serving as Professors and Consultants, facing day-to-day challenges of the subject. Designed as a textbook for both undergraduate and postgraduate students and as a guide to the teachers of pediatrics and practicing pediatricians. Chapters like Neonatology, Infant Feeding, Growth and Development, Neurology, Oncology, Connective Tissue Diseases, and Immunization have been revised completely; and topics like Nephrotic Syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus, Newer Vaccines, Infectious Diseases, Genetic Disorders, Neurometabolic and Seizure Disorders have been updated extensively. New chapter, 'Drug Therapy', has been added; all critical emergency information, including shock, resuscitation, and life-threatening conditions are discussed duly. Management of common pediatric problems has been written following most recent WHO guidelines. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: New Palauan-English Dictionary Lewis S. Josephs, 2019-03-31 Based on the Palauan-English dictionary by Fr. Edwin G. McManus, S.J. (UH Press, 1977), this revision is designed to be an easily accessible reference for identifying vocabulary items of Palauan, which are often culture bound, semantically rich, and structurally quite complex. Thousands of Palauan entries are new or greatly expanded. Users will benefit from a much wider range of vocabulary, especially in the areas of flora and fauna, Palauan legend, and borrowed words from both English and Japanese. The expanded English-Palauan finder list allows for quick reference to the Palauan equivalents of many English words. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Out With It Katherine Preston, 2014-03-04 A fresh, engaging account of a young woman's journey, first to find a cure for a lifelong struggle with stuttering, and ultimately to embrace the voice that has defined her character. It offers a fresh perspective on the obsession with physical perfection. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Early Childhood Stuttering Reardon-Reeves, J. Scott Yaruss, 2018-11-15 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Tests in Print V: S-Indexes (Tests 2263-2939) Linda L. Murphy, James C. Impara, Barbara S. Plake, 1999 |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: The Special Educator's Comprehensive Guide to 301 Diagnostic Tests Roger Pierangelo, Ph.D., George A. Giuliani, 2006-08-25 This important resource is an update of the best-selling book The Special Educator's Resource Guide to 109 Diagnostic Tests. The greatly expanded second edition contains 301 new and enhanced tests, which are vital to understanding assessment in special education. Designed as an easy-to-use, hands-on resource, the book is filled with practical tools, information, and suggestions. Step-by-step, this practical guide explores the various stages of evaluation, interpretation, diagnosis, prescription, and remediation. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Origin and Mechanisms of Hallucinations Wolfram Keup, 2013-04-17 Hallucinations, a natural phenomenon as old as mankind, have a surprisingly wide range. They appear under the most diversified conditions, in the normal psyche as well as in severe chronic mental derangement. As a symptom, hallucinations are a potential part of a variety of pathological conditions in almost all kinds of psychotic behavior. In addition, lately, various psychological and sociological circumstances seem to favor widespread use and abuse of hallucinogens, substances able to produce hallucinations in the normal brain. They not rarely lead to serious psychopatho logy such as toxic, and mobilized or aggravated endogenous psycho ses. While such development adds to our scientific knowledge, it also contributes to our current social troubles. Neurologists and neuro-surgeons, psychiatrists, psychologists and other specialized researchers constantly have been dealing with the phenomenon, its roots and branches, and yet, its primary mechanisms are largely un known. However, investigators of hallucinations now seem to enter common ground on which meaningful discussions and joint approaches become feasible and more promising. We have come a long way from the Latin term hallucinari, meaning to talk nonsense, to be absent-minded, to the modern con cept of hallucinations. While the Latin word was descriptive of what may be due to hallucinations, the modern concept defines hal lucinations as subjective experiences that are consequences of men tal processes, sometimes fulfilling a purpose in the individual's mental life. |
| stuttering prediction instrument for young children spi: Molecular Plant Breeding Yunbi Xu, 2010 Recent advances in plant genomics and molecular biology have revolutionized our understanding of plant genetics, providing new opportunities for more efficient and controllable plant breeding. Successful techniques require a solid understanding of the underlying molecular biology as well as experience in applied plant breeding. Bridging the gap between developments in biotechnology and its applications in plant improvement, Molecular Plant Breeding provides an integrative overview of issues from basic theories to their applications to crop improvement including molecular marker technology, gene mapping, genetic transformation, quantitative genetics, and breeding methodology. |
Stuttering - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Mar 2, 2024 · Stuttering is a speech condition that disrupts the normal flow of speech. Fluency means having an easy and smooth flow and rhythm when speaking. With stuttering, the …
Stuttering - Wikipedia
Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder characterized externally by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words, or phrases as well as …
Stuttering Foundation: A Nonprofit Organization Helping Those …
The Stuttering Foundation. We provide free online resources, services and support to those who stutter and their families, as well as support for research into the causes of stuttering.
What Is Stuttering? Diagnosis & Treatment - NIDCD
Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by repetition of sounds, syllables, or words; prolongation of sounds; and interruptions in speech known as blocks. An individual who …
Stuttering: What It Is, Causes, Treatment & Types - Cleveland Clinic
Dec 14, 2022 · Stuttering is a condition that disrupts control of speaking-related muscles. That affects the flow of your talking. It usually starts in childhood and is treatable.
Stuttering and Cluttering - American Speech-Language-Hearing ...
You may get stuck on certain words or sounds, feel tense or uncomfortable, or even change words to avoid stuttering. Talking can also be hard if you clutter. You may talk fast, use lots of …
Stuttering | Stammer | MedlinePlus
May 5, 2021 · Stuttering is a speech disorder. It involves interruptions in the flow of speech. These interruptions are called disfluencies. They may involve: Sometimes, along with the stuttering, …
Stuttering: Symptoms, Causes, and More - Verywell Health
Jul 15, 2024 · Stuttering, also called childhood-onset fluency disorder or stammering, is a speech disorder that disrupts the fluency of speech (the ability to express yourself). It's estimated that …
Understanding Stuttering | Causes & Support | NSA
Learn about stuttering, its causes, and how to support individuals who stutter. Explore resources for families and educators.
Stuttering: Symptoms, diagnosis, and causes - Medical News Today
Dec 17, 2021 · Stuttering is a speech disruption where a person may have difficulty pronouncing certain syllables or an inability to articulate words despite knowing what they want to say. …
Stuttering - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Mar 2, 2024 · Stuttering is a speech condition that disrupts the normal flow of speech. Fluency means having an easy and smooth flow and rhythm when speaking. With stuttering, the …
Stuttering - Wikipedia
Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder characterized externally by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words, or phrases as well as …
Stuttering Foundation: A Nonprofit Organization Helpi…
The Stuttering Foundation. We provide free online resources, services and support to those who stutter and their families, as well as support for research into the causes of stuttering.
What Is Stuttering? Diagnosis & Treatment - NIDCD
Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by repetition of sounds, syllables, or words; prolongation of sounds; and interruptions in speech known as blocks. An individual who …
Stuttering: What It Is, Causes, Treatment & Types - Clevelan…
Dec 14, 2022 · Stuttering is a condition that disrupts control of speaking-related muscles. That affects the flow of your talking. It usually starts in childhood and is treatable.
