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| surface structure in civil engineering: Tensile Surface Structures Michael Seidel, 2009-08-11 Tensile surface structures are the visual expression of an intensive rethinking of the topic of building envelopes by designers. Advances in design methods, materials, construction elements and assembly and erection planning in the field of lightweight construction are enabling ever more exacting applications of tensile structures with envelope and structural functions, especially in roofing over large clear spans without internal support. However, the particular mechanical characteristics of the materials used in the construction of textile structures demand consideration of the question of buildability. This book provides answers by discussing the fundamental influence of material manufacture and assembly in deciding the most suitable type of building or structure and its detailing in the design process. The fundamentals of material composition, manufacturing process, patterning and the behaviour of flexible structural systems are all explained here, as well as their use as structural and connection elements, and special attention is given to the erection of wide-span lightweight structures. The erection equipment is described, as well as the lifting and tensioning process and the construction methods used to erect the characteristic types of tensile structures, illustrated with a selection of example projects. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Fibrous and Composite Materials for Civil Engineering Applications R Fangueiro, 2011-04-19 The use of fibrous materials in civil engineering, both as structural reinforcement and in non-structural applications such as geotextiles, is an important and interesting development. Fibrous and composite materials for civil engineering applications analyses the types and properties of fibrous textile and structures and their applications in reinforcement and civil engineering.Part one introduces different types of fibrous textiles and structures. Chapters cover the properties of natural and man-made fibres and of yarns, as well as an overview of textile structures. Part two focuses on fibrous material use in concrete reinforcement, with chapters on the properties and applications of steel fibre reinforced concrete, natural fibre reinforced concrete and the role of fibre reinforcement in mitigating shrinkage cracks. In part three, the applications of fibrous material-based composites in civil engineering are covered. Chapters concentrate on production techniques and applications such as reinforcement of internal structures, structural health monitoring and textile materials in architectural membranes.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Fibrous and composite materials for civil engineering applications is a standard reference for fabric and composite manufacturers, civil engineers and professionals, as well as academics with a research interest in this field. - Explores the development of fibrous materials in civil engineering, both as structural reinforcement and in non-structural applications such as geotextiles - Key topics include short fibre reinforced concrete, natural fibre reinforced concrete and high performance fibre reinforced cementitious composites - A standard reference for fabric and composite manufacturers, civil engineers and professionals, as well as academics with a research interest in this field |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Perspectives in Civil Engineering Jeffrey S. Russell, 2003-01-01 This report contains 27 papers that serve as a testament to the state-of-the-art of civil engineering at the outset of the 21st century, as well as to commemorate the ASCE's Sesquicentennial. Written by the leading practitioners, educators, and researchers of civil engineering, each of these peer-reviewed papers explores a particular aspect of civil engineering knowledge and practice. Each paper explores the development of a particular civil engineering specialty, including milestones and future barriers, constraints, and opportunities. The papers celebrate the history, heritage, and accomplishments of the profession in all facets of practice, including construction facilities, special structures, engineering mechanics, surveying and mapping, irrigation and water quality, forensics, computing, materials, geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering, and transportation engineering. While each paper is unique, collectively they provide a snapshot of the profession while offering thoughtful predictions of likely developments in the years to come. Together the papers illuminate the mounting complexity facing civil engineering stemming from rapid growth in scientific knowledge, technological development, and human populations, especially in the last 50 years. An overarching theme is the need for systems-level approaches and consideration from undergraduate education through advanced engineering materials, processes, technologies, and design methods and tools. These papers speak to the need for civil engineers of all specialties to recognize and embrace the growing interconnectedness of the global infrastructure, economy, society, and the need to work for more sustainable, life-cycle-oriented solutions. While embracing the past and the present, the papers collected here clearly have an eye on the future needs of ASCE and the civil engineering profession. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Organic Materials in Civil Engineering Yves Mouton, 2013-03-01 This book provides an inventory of organic materials and products, the major components of all civil engineering projects, in terms of their scientific and technical background, including the regulations that cover their use and their predicted useful life. Such materials include: bitumen on the roads; geotextiles for retaining walls; membranes for bridges; tunnel and reservoir waterproofing; paint binders to protect metallic and concrete structures or to create road markings; injection resins; gluing products; concrete admixtures; and composite materials. The presentation is based on a physicochemical approach, which is essential if these products are to be considered as part of sustainable development: as such, those studying or working in these fields will find this an invaluable source of information. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Advances in Civil Engineering and Building Materials Shuenn-Yih Chang, Suad Khalid Al Bahar, Jingying Zhao, 2012-10-31 Advances in Civil Engineering and Building Materials presents the state-of-the-art development in: - Structural Engineering - Road & Bridge Engineering - Geotechnical Engineering - Architecture & Urban Planning - Transportation Engineering - Hydraulic Engineering - Engineering Management - Computational Mechanics - Construction Technology - Building Materials - Environmental Engineering - Computer Simulation - CAD/CAE Emphasis was given to basic methodologies, scientific development and engineering applications. Advances in Civil Engineering and Building Materials will be useful to professionals, academics, and Ph.D. students interested in the above mentioned areas. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Navy Civil Engineer , 1976 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering Tung Nguyen-Xuan, Thanh Nguyen-Viet, Thanh Bui-Tien, Tuan Nguyen-Quang, Guido De Roeck, 2023-08-12 This book contains the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering, ICSCE 2022, held on November 25–27, 2022, in Hanoi, Vietnam. It presents the expertise of scientists and engineers in academia and industry in the field of bridge and highway engineering, construction materials, environmental engineering, engineering in Industry 4.0, geotechnical engineering, structural damage detection and health monitoring, structural engineering, geographic information system engineering, traffic, transportation and logistics engineering, and water resources, estuary, and coastal engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology VIII Mijia Yang, Pijush Samui, João C.G. Lanzinha, Jianhui Hu, 2023-12-15 All of us are dependent on a built environment constructed and maintained by civil and hydraulic engineers, and for those working in these fields, keeping up to date with the latest technological developments is vital for the safe and efficient design and operation of this infrastructure. This book presents the proceedings of HCET 2023, the 8th International Technical Conference on Frontiers of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology, held from 25-27 September 2023 in Wuhan, China. HCET is an international conference which aims to enhance the development of hydraulic and civil engineering in China, with a focus on high-end, intelligent and green technologies. It seeks to do this by consolidating global wisdom and achievements and providing scientific support. HCET also offers an excellent opportunity for scientists, researchers and engineers from around the world to exchange their findings and discuss developments, establishing a basis for national and international collaboration. A total of 316 contributions were received for the 2023 edition, of which 187 were ultimately accepted after a rigorous review process and checks for quality and plagiarism. Topics covered include the research and development of concrete structure design and analysis; structural mechanics and structural engineering; building and future materials; hydraulic engineering; geological exploration and earthquake engineering; building technology; urban planning; road, bridge and traffic engineering; energy infrastructure; environmental engineering and advanced engineering technologies, and interdisciplinary sciences and applications. Covering a wide range of subjects related to hydraulic engineering and civil engineering technology and associated transdisciplinary sciences, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Construction in the Landscape T.G. Carpenter, 2012-06-25 Construction in the Landscape describes the impact of construction on the land and landscape where it takes place. Geographical coverage is necessarily global to reflect the great variation both in people‘s economic and social needs and in the shortage or abundance of natural resources. Part I introduces both land resources, whether used for agriculture, human settlement or mineral extraction or conserved as scenery, wildlife habitat or for the undefined needs of future generations; and construction, its products, skills, processes and impacts on land resources. Part II describes specific forms of civil engineering - from landform adaptation, through dams and river control works, coastal construction and transport infrastructure to particular types of structure such as bridges, towers and power stations, or the layout of complete settlements. Part III deals with regional planning of construction and land use in different geographical circumstances - from fine scenery, through rural countryside to city and suburban development - and to the sort of land arrangements that may be sustainable for an increased but hopefully more civilized human population a century hence. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Rock Characterization John A. Hudson, 1992 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Finite Elements in Civil Engineering Applications Max.A.N. Hendriks, J.A. Rots, 2021-06-23 These proceedings present high-level research in structural engineering, concrete mechanics and quasi-brittle materials, including the prime concern of durability requirements and earthquake resistance of structures. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Two Volume Set Sarah Springman, Jan Laue, Linda Seward, 2010-06-17 This book results from the 7th ICPMG meeting in Zurich 2010 and covers a broad range of aspects of physical modelling in geotechnics, linking across to other modelling techniques to consider the entire spectrum required in providing innovative geotechnical engineering solutions. Topics presented at the conference: Soil – Structure – Interaction; Natural Hazards; Earthquake Engineering: Soft Soil Engineering; New Geotechnical Physical; Modelling Facilities; Advanced Experimental Techniques; Comparisons between Physical and Numerical Modelling Specific Topics: Offshore Engineering; Ground Improvement and Foundations; Tunnelling, Excavations and Retaining Structures; Dams and slopes; Process Modelling; Goenvironmental Modelling; Education |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Proceedings of the 2nd International Civil Engineering and Architecture Conference Marco Casini, 2022-07-12 This book collects the scientific proceedings presented during the “2022 The 2nd International Civil Engineering and Architecture Conference” held in Singapore in March 2022 with the aim of showing the latest advancements in theoretical and applied research in the architecture, engineering, and construction sector (AEC). The book is organized into 4 main parts, namely (1) Sustainable Urban Planning and Architecture; (2) Architectural and Environmental Design; (3) Built Environment Materials and Construction Technology; and (4) Civil Engineering and Construction Management. The goal of the book is to provide readers with an overview of the ongoing transformation of the AEC industry presenting a thorough investigation of the emerging trends in the fields of green building design, construction, and operation. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Advanced Timber Structures Yves Weinand, 2016-12-19 Wood is usually perceived as a traditional material. However, the properties of this material have now for some time made it possible to design free shapes and highly complex structures. Today, the wood laboratory of the EPF Lausanne, which was originally founded by Julius Natterer, is testing the production of origami structures, ribbed shells, fabric structures and curved panels under the guidance of Professor Weinand using digital calculation and computer-aided processing methods. The research results are tested in prototypes, which demonstrate the potential applications in large-scale timber buildings. By exploring the hitherto unused potential of wood as a construction material, this book provides an exciting and inspiring outlook on a new generation of timber buildings. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Environmental Noise Pollution Enda Murphy, Eoin A King, 2014-04-21 Environmental Noise Pollution: Noise Mapping, Public Health and Policy addresses the key debates surrounding environmental noise pollution with a particular focus on the European Union. Environmental noise pollution is an emerging public policy and environmental concern and is considered to be one of the most important environmental stressors affecting public health throughout the world. This book examines environmental noise pollution, its health implications, the role of strategic noise mapping for problem assessment, major sources of environmental noise pollution, noise mitigation approaches, and related procedural and policy implications. Drawing on the authors' considerable research expertise in the area, the book is the first coherent work on this major environmental stressor, a new benchmark reference across disciplinary, policy and national boundaries. - Highlights recent developments in the policy arena with particular focus on developments in the EU within the context of the European Noise Directive - Explores the lessons emerging from nations within the EU and other jurisdictions attempting to legislate and mitigate against the harmful effects of noise pollution - Covers the core theoretical concepts and principles surrounding the mechanics of noise pollution as well as the evidence-base linking noise with public health concerns |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Recent Advances in Civil Engineering Pala Gireesh Kumar, Kolluru V. L. Subramaniam, S. Moses Santhakumar, Neelima Satyam D., 2022-05-13 The book presents the select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Construction Technologies and Advancements in Civil Engineering (ScTACE 2021). This book discusses the latest developments and contributions towards sustainable construction technologies and advances in civil engineering. Various topics covered in this book are construction technologies, geotechnical engineering, transportation and traffic engineering, structural engineering, environmental engineering, remote sensing and GIS, geo-environmental engineering, water resources engineering and earthquake engineering. This book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of civil engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Passive Defense United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1957 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Engineering Challenges for Sustainable Future Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi, 2016-12-01 Engineering Challenges for Sustainable Future contains the papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Civil, Offshore & Environmental Engineering (ICCOEE2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 15-17 August 2016), under the banner of World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress (ESTCON2016). The ICCOEE series of conferences started in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2012, and the second event of the series took place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2014. This conference series deals with the civil, offshore & environmental engineering field, addressing the following topics: • Environmental and Water Resources Engineering • Coastal and Offshore Engineering • Structures and Materials • Construction and Project Management • Highway, Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering and Geo-informatics This book is an essential reading for academic, engineers and all professionals involved in the area of civil, offshore and environmental engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering Thanh Bui-Tien, Long Nguyen Ngoc, Guido De Roeck, 2021-04-27 This book contains the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainability in Civil Engineering, ICSCE 2020, held on 26–27 November 2020, in Hanoi, Vietnam. It presents the expertise of scientists and engineers in academia and industry in the field of bridge and highway engineering, construction materials, environmental engineering, engineering in industry 4.0, geotechnical engineering, structural damage detection and health monitoring, structural engineering, geographic information system engineering, traffic, transportation and logistics engineering, water resources, estuary and coastal engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground Giulia Viggiani, 2012-09-05 Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground comprises a collection of 118 papers, four reports on symposium themes, and four invited lectures presented at the seventh International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, held in Rome, Italy, 16-18 May 2011.The symposium was organized by the |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX, Volume 2 António Cardoso, José Borges, Pedro Costa, António Gomes, José Marques, Castorina Vieira, 2018-06-27 Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX contains 204 technical and scientific papers presented at the 9th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE2018, Porto, Portugal, 25—27 June 2018). The papers cover a wide range of topics in the field of computational geotechnics, providing an overview of recent developments on scientific achievements, innovations and engineering applications related to or employing numerical methods. They deal with subjects from emerging research to engineering practice, and are grouped under the following themes: Constitutive modelling and numerical implementation Finite element, discrete element and other numerical methods. Coupling of diverse methods Reliability and probability analysis Large deformation – large strain analysis Artificial intelligence and neural networks Ground flow, thermal and coupled analysis Earthquake engineering, soil dynamics and soil-structure interactions Rock mechanics Application of numerical methods in the context of the Eurocodes Shallow and deep foundations Slopes and cuts Supported excavations and retaining walls Embankments and dams Tunnels and caverns (and pipelines) Ground improvement and reinforcement Offshore geotechnical engineering Propagation of vibrations Following the objectives of previous eight thematic conferences, (1986 Stuttgart, Germany; 1990 Santander, Spain; 1994 Manchester, United Kingdom; 1998 Udine, Italy; 2002 Paris, France; 2006 Graz, Austria; 2010 Trondheim, Norway; 2014 Delft, The Netherlands), Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX updates the state-of-the-art regarding the application of numerical methods in geotechnics, both in a scientific perspective and in what concerns its application for solving practical boundary value problems. The book will be much of interest to engineers, academics and professionals involved or interested in Geotechnical Engineering. This is volume 2 of the NUMGE 2018 set. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Frontiers in Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Volume 2 Mohamed A. Ismail, Hazem Samih Mohamed, 2023-03-23 Frontiers in Civil and Hydraulic Engineering focuses on the research of architecture and hydraulic engineering in civil engineering. The proceedings feature the most cutting-edge research directions and achievements related to civil and hydraulic engineering. Subjects in the proceedings including: Engineering Structure Intelligent Building Structural Seismic Resistance Monitoring and Testing Hydraulic Engineering Engineering Facility The works of this proceedings can promote development of civil and hydraulic engineering, resource sharing, flexibility and high efficiency. Thereby, promote scientific information interchange between scholars from the top universities, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX António Cardoso, José Borges, Pedro Costa, António Gomes, José Marques, Castorina Vieira, 2018-06-19 Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX contains 204 technical and scientific papers presented at the 9th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE2018, Porto, Portugal, 25—27 June 2018). The papers cover a wide range of topics in the field of computational geotechnics, providing an overview of recent developments on scientific achievements, innovations and engineering applications related to or employing numerical methods. They deal with subjects from emerging research to engineering practice, and are grouped under the following themes: Constitutive modelling and numerical implementation Finite element, discrete element and other numerical methods. Coupling of diverse methods Reliability and probability analysis Large deformation – large strain analysis Artificial intelligence and neural networks Ground flow, thermal and coupled analysis Earthquake engineering, soil dynamics and soil-structure interactions Rock mechanics Application of numerical methods in the context of the Eurocodes Shallow and deep foundations Slopes and cuts Supported excavations and retaining walls Embankments and dams Tunnels and caverns (and pipelines) Ground improvement and reinforcement Offshore geotechnical engineering Propagation of vibrations Following the objectives of previous eight thematic conferences, (1986 Stuttgart, Germany; 1990 Santander, Spain; 1994 Manchester, United Kingdom; 1998 Udine, Italy; 2002 Paris, France; 2006 Graz, Austria; 2010 Trondheim, Norway; 2014 Delft, The Netherlands), Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX updates the state-of-the-art regarding the application of numerical methods in geotechnics, both in a scientific perspective and in what concerns its application for solving practical boundary value problems. The book will be much of interest to engineers, academics and professionals involved or interested in Geotechnical Engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Introduction to Statistical Physics, Second Edition Kerson Huang, 2009-09-21 Written by a world-renowned theoretical physicist, Introduction to Statistical Physics, Second Edition clarifies the properties of matter collectively in terms of the physical laws governing atomic motion. This second edition expands upon the original to include many additional exercises and more pedagogically oriented discussions that fully explain the concepts and applications. The book first covers the classical ensembles of statistical mechanics and stochastic processes, including Brownian motion, probability theory, and the Fokker–Planck and Langevin equations. To illustrate the use of statistical methods beyond the theory of matter, the author discusses entropy in information theory, Brownian motion in the stock market, and the Monte Carlo method in computer simulations. The next several chapters emphasize the difference between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics—the quantum phase. Applications covered include Fermi statistics and semiconductors and Bose statistics and Bose–Einstein condensation. The book concludes with advanced topics, focusing on the Ginsburg–Landau theory of the order parameter and the special kind of quantum order found in superfluidity and superconductivity. Assuming some background knowledge of classical and quantum physics, this textbook thoroughly familiarizes advanced undergraduate students with the different aspects of statistical physics. This updated edition continues to provide the tools needed to understand and work with random processes. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Engineering and Contracting , 1923 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground Arsenio Negro, Marlísio Cecílio Jr., 2017-11-23 Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground comprises the second Fujita lecture, three keynote lectures and the regular papers presented at the Ninth International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground (IS - Sao Paulo 2017, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 4-6 April 2017). The Symposium was organized by the Brazilian Tunnelling Committee (CBT) of the Brazilian Geotechnical Society (ABMS), under the auspices of the Technical Committee TC204 of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE). The contributions cover a wide range of topics: - Deep Excavations - Interaction with Adjacent Structures - Mechanized Excavations - Sequential Excavations - Physical Modelling and Field Tests - Case Histories Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground is particularly aimed at academics and professionals interested or involved in geotechnical and underground engineering. Similarly to previous editions, the contributions are a valuable source of reference on the current practice on the analysis, design and construction of tunnels, deep excavations and large underground structures, with particular emphasis on the development, effects and control of ground movements, their interaction with existing structures, mitigation measures and risk management. IS - Sao Paulo 2017 is the latest in a series of ISSMGE’s TC204 symposia, which began in New Delhi (1993), followed by symposia in London (1996), Tokyo (1999), Toulouse (2002), Amsterdam (2005), Shanghai (2008), Rome (2011) and Seoul (2014). |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Advanced Research on Nanotechnology for Civil Engineering Applications Khitab, Anwar, Anwar, Waqas, 2016-05-16 A recent initiative within the civil engineering field is the use of nanotechnology and materials within the construction industry. While there has been great success in the adoption of various nanomaterials, there is still room for development and improvement. Advanced Research on Nanotechnology for Civil Engineering Applications highlights emergent research and theoretical concepts in the implementation of nanotechnology within the construction, geotechnical, and transportation engineering fields. Examining the application of nanomaterials, current trends within the topic area, and the potential health impacts of material usage on the environment, this book is a pivotal reference for professionals, engineers, students, and researchers. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Water Conservancy and Civil Construction Volume 2 Saheed Adeyinka Oke, Fauziah Ahmad, 2023-08-17 Water Conservancy and Civil Construction gathers the most cutting-edge research on: Water Conservancy Projects Civil Engineering Construction Technology and Process The book is aimed at academics and engineers in water and civil engineering. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Mining and its Impact on the Environment Fred G. Bell, Laurance J. Donnelly, 2006-04-20 Winner of the 2007 E.B. Burwell, Jr. Award of the Geological Society of AmericaMining activity has left a legacy of hazards to the environment, such as waste, unstable ground and contamination, which can be problematic when redeveloping land.This book highlights the effects of past mining and provides information on the types of problems it may cau |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Influences of Road Surface Characteristics on Scattering Mechanisms in Automotive Radar Vera Maria Kurz, In dieser Arbeit wird der Einfluss von Straßenoberflächen und -materialien auf die Radar Streuung im automotiven Frequenzband von 77GHz untersucht. Sie umfasst alle üblicherweise auf deutschen Autobahnen verbauten Asphalt und Betontypen und unterscheidet zwischen spiegelnder und diffuser Reflektion, deren Übergang durch das Rayleigh Kriterium und dem resultierenden kritischen Winkel definiert wird. Hierfür werden verschiedene Messmethoden angewendet. Diese sind die Sandfleckmethode, die Focus beam Methode, ein Messaubau mit Radar mit synthetischer Apertur (SAR) und Freiraum FMCW Radar Messungen, die einen Radarspiegel nutzen. Für eine mathematische Beschreibung werden einerseits Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktionen (PDF) der Reflexion mit Normalverteilung und Rayleigh Verteilung ermittelt. Um andererseits die Freiraummessungen zu verarbeiten, werden Radargleichung und Fresnels Gleichungen genutzt, wodurch Werte für die relative Permittivität und die dazugehörige Rauigkeit berechnet werden, welche in der frei zugängigen Datenbank OpenMATERIAL zu Verfügung stehen. Zur Validierung dienen Referenzobjekte und Messungen mit unterschiedlichen Polarisationen der Radarsensoren. In this work, the influence of different road surfaces and materials, or more precisely of different asphalt and concrete surfaces, is analyzed for the automotive 77GHz band. It comprises all roads commonly found on German highways and distinguishes in specular reflection and diffuse scattering behavior. The changeover from one to the other behavior is determined by the Rayleigh criterion resulting in corresponding critical angles. For these measurements the area of sands method, the focus beam method, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) setup as well as a openspace FMCW radar setup with a corner reflector are applied. The characterization includes probability density functions (PDF) of the reflectance of these dielectric surfaces using normal distribution as well as Rayleigh distribution. For the evaluation of the openspace measurements, the radar equation and Fresnel’s equations are used, resulting in relative permittivity and roughness values, which are provided as well in an open source material library named OpenMATERIAL. For validation purposes reference samples and measurements with different polarization of the radar sensor are used. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions: Anamnesis, Diagnosis, Therapy, Controls Koen Van Balen, Els Verstrynge, 2016-11-03 Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. Anamnesis, diagnosis, therapy, controls contains the papers presented at the 10th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (SAHC2016, Leuven, Belgium, 13-15 September 2016). The main theme of the book is “Anamnesis, Diagnosis, Therapy, Controls”, which emphasizes the importance of all steps of a restoration process in order to obtain a thorough understanding of the structural behaviour of built cultural heritage. The contributions cover every aspect of the structural analysis of historical constructions, such as material characterization, structural modelling, static and dynamic monitoring, non-destructive techniques for on-site investigation, seismic behaviour, rehabilitation, traditional and innovative repair techniques, and case studies. The knowledge, insights and ideas in Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. Anamnesis, diagnosis, therapy, controls make this book of abstracts and the corresponding, digital full-colour conference proceedings containing the full papers must-have literature for researchers and practitioners involved in the structural analysis of historical constructions. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Optimization and Decision Support Systems in Civil Engineering A. B. Templeman, 1991 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program , 1995 |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Construction Manual for Polymers + Membranes Jan Knippers, Jan Cremers, Markus Gabler, Julian Lienhard, 2012-12-17 Whether it be as translucent sheets, broadly stretched membranes, and inflated foil cushions or in graceful, organic curves, architecture today is utilizing plastics in the most disparate forms and for a wide variety of purposes. Innovative technical developments are constantly improving its material properties; at the same time, there is a growing new awareness of its potential as a construction material. While plastics used to be employed primarily as an inexpensive variant on traditional building materials, they are increasingly regarded in the construction world today as a serious and viable alternative, be it as supporting structures, roofs, facades, or elements of interior design and decoration. Thanks in large part to this inherent self-sufficiency, plastics are currently enjoying an unprecedented surge in popularity, even among the international architectural avant-garde – as multiwall sheets or corrugated, fiber-reinforced panels, or as filling between glass panes. And the new generation of ecological bioplastics also pays tribute to the debate on sustainability, ridding plastics of their lingering reputation as environmental offenders. From the history of plastics and membranes in architecture to their material properties and requirements in construction and design, the Plastics and Membranes Construction Manual cuts to the chase, providing the kind of solid and comprehensive overview of the subject that readers have come to expect from the Im DETAIL series. Selected project examples round off the reference work and make it indispensable for the day-to-day life of the professional planner and for every architecture library. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: The Observational Method in Civil Engineering Alan Powderham, Anthony O'Brien, 2020-09-28 The Observational Method (OM) is a natural and powerful technique that maximises economy while assuring safety. Its key features are highlighted in The Observational Method in Civil Engineering through twelve case histories from major infrastructure projects. They cover protection of adjacent structures including buildings and railway systems, bored and jacked tunnels, shafts and cofferdams, retaining walls, embankments, deep foundations, ground improvement and groundwater control. They illustrate how the OM can achieve more effective collaboration between the client and the design and construction teams, as well as how it can enhance the industry’s ability to learn from experience, thus improving future practice and stimulating innovation. Despite these advantages, the OM is significantly underused. The book demonstrates how the full potential of the OM can overcome a wide range of concerns and constraints. Other chapters address the advantages and limitations of the OM, the key role of progressive modification, the art of achieving agreement and the commercial and contractual environment. The book will appeal to a range of construction professionals, including civil, structural and geotechnical engineers, contractors and owners. It will also be of interest to students and researchers. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Structures and Architecture Paulo J. Cruz, 2013-06-27 Although the disciplines of architecture and structural engineering have both experienced their own historical development, their interaction has resulted in many fascinating and delightful structures. To take this interaction to a higher level, there is a need to stimulate the inventive and creative design of architectural structures and to persua |
| surface structure in civil engineering: International Conference on Architecture, Materials and Construction (9th ICAMC) and Civil Engineering and Materials Science (8th ICCEMS) Nuno Dinis Costa Areias Cortiços, Zongjin Li, 2024-01-15 Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 2023 8th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Materials Science (ICCEMS 2023) and 2023 9th International Conference on Architecture, Materials and Construction (ICAMC 2023) |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Materials Science Zongjin Li, Paulo Mendonça, 2025-03-12 This book includes the selected contributions from the 9th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Materials Science (ICCEMS 2024), held in Singapore from July 3–5, 2024.This book showcases the latest research and developments in the field, presenting a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, and students alike. ICCEMS 2024 selected contributions featured in this book cover a wide range of topics, including structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, materials science and engineering, sustainable infrastructure, and other related scopes. Whether readers are researchers seeking the latest advancements, professionals looking for practical insights, or students eager to explore the frontiers of the discipline, this book is an indispensable resource that will enrich readers understanding and contribute to the advancement of the field. |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Underground Space - The 4th Dimension of Metropolises, Three Volume Set +CD-ROM Jiri Bartak, Ivan Hrdina, Georgij Romancov, Jaromir Zlamal, 2007-05-11 The so-called fourth dimension of a metropolis is the underground space beneath a city which typically includes structures such as tunnels, which facilitate transport and provide gas, water and other supplies. Underground space may also be utilised for living, working and recreational facilities and industrial storage. These volumes focus on underg |
| surface structure in civil engineering: Seismic Ambient Noise Nori Nakata, Lucia Gualtieri, Andreas Fichtner, 2019-03-21 A comprehensive overview of seismic ambient noise, covering observations, physical origins, modelling, processing methods and applications in imaging and monitoring. |
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May 28, 2021 · We are excited to announce that soon, the Microsoft Surface forum will be available exclusively Microsoft Q&A. This change will help us provide a more streamlined and …
how do i find the age of my computer or purchase date? Serial …
Feb 13, 2024 · I appreciate you raising this concern to us, and I understand the need to know the purchase date of your Surface. Please visit this link: Check Warranty Page - ROBO SelfServe …
How to install Surface updates and firmware automatically
In this video tutorial, you'll learn the steps to prepare your Surface before updating, how to automatically update Windows 10, Windows 11, and Surface drivers and firmware …
How to boot into safe mode - Microsoft Community
Dec 5, 2024 · Turn off your Surface by pressing and holding the Power button for 10 seconds. Press and hold the Power button until the Surface logo appears, then release it. Repeat this …
Brightness won't change ** SOLVED ** - Microsoft Community
4 days ago · Run Surface Diagnostic Toolkit and check for Windows Update. Restart the Surface after installing updates. Update drivers and firmware. Check what is the current OS Build of …
HOW DO I TURN ON BACKLIGHT ON MY SURFACE PRO KEYBOARD
Aug 15, 2020 · Surface forum moving to Microsoft Q&A We are excited to announce that soon, the Microsoft Surface forum will be available exclusively Microsoft Q&A . This change will help …
Surface touchpad not working, no cursor at times, or freezes
Jun 18, 2020 · We are excited to announce that soon, the Microsoft Surface forum will be available exclusively Microsoft Q&A. This change will help us provide a more streamlined and …
Microsoft Surface Pro with Model-Number 1796
Jun 30, 2020 · Surface forum moving to Microsoft Q&A We are excited to announce that soon, the Microsoft Surface forum will be available exclusively Microsoft Q&A . This change will help us …
How do I connect the surface Bluetooth only keyboard that does …
Sep 20, 2023 · To connect a Surface Bluetooth keyboard that does not have a pairing button, please follow these steps: 1. Turn on your Surface device and go to Settings. 2. Select …
Surface Pro - What Model do I have? - Microsoft Community
4 days ago · There are a few ways to tell, for any Surface Device: Use the Surface app. That will tell you. If you don't have this installed, you can get it from the Microsoft Store. Visit the …
entering recovery mode - Microsoft Community
May 28, 2021 · We are excited to announce that soon, the Microsoft Surface forum will be available exclusively Microsoft Q&A. This change will help us provide a more streamlined and …
how do i find the age of my computer or purchase date? Serial …
Feb 13, 2024 · I appreciate you raising this concern to us, and I understand the need to know the purchase date of your Surface. Please visit this link: Check Warranty Page - ROBO SelfServe …
