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| system schema physics: Using the System Schema Representational Tool to Promote Student Understanding of Newton's Third Law Brant E. Hinrichs, 2004 The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on student understanding of Newton's Third Law in an introductory calculus-based physics class when a new graphical representational tool called a system schema was used throughout instruction to help visualize objects and interactions between them explicitly. The system schema serves as an intermediate representation between an actual physical scenario and the rather abstract free-body diagram. Two groups of students were compared in terms of their achievement on the four Third Law questions on the Force Concept Inventory (FCI). The FCI was given both before (pre) and after (post) instruction. The pre-test scores were statistically identical for both groups of students. The same instructor taught both groups of students over a period of five years. The first two years the system schema was not used in instruction. The last two years, the system schema was used extensively throughout instruction. Other aspects of instruction on Newton's Third Law were not significantly different during the five year period. Results indicate that the introduction and use of the system schema gave statistically significant improvement in students' (post-test) answers to the four Third Law questions on the FCI. Results show that students might have started to use the system schema as a physics resource when answering physics questions about force and the Third Law. Physics teachers should consider using the system schema in their introductory physics courses, since multiple representations, especially those that mediate between a simple physical scenario and the very abstract free-body diagram can help students to better understand force as an interaction between two objects. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.). |
| system schema physics: Theory and Application of Diagrams Michael Anderson, Peter Cheng, Volker Haarslev, 2003-07-31 Diagrams 2000 is dedicated to the memory of Jon Barwise. Diagrams 2000 was the ?rst event in a new interdisciplinary conference series on the Theory and Application of Diagrams. It was held at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, September 1-3, 2000. Driven by the pervasiveness of diagrams in human communication and by the increasing availability of graphical environments in computerized work, the study of diagrammatic notations is emerging as a research ?eld in its own right. This development has simultaneously taken place in several scienti?c disciplines, including, amongst others: cognitive science, arti?cial intelligence, and computer science. Consequently, a number of di?erent workshop series on this topic have been successfully organized during the last few years: Thinking with Diagrams, Theory of Visual Languages, Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations, and Formalizing Reasoning with Visual and Diagrammatic Representations. Diagrams are simultaneously complex cognitive phenonema and sophis- cated computational artifacts. So, to be successful and relevant the study of diagrams must as a whole be interdisciplinary in nature. Thus, the workshop series mentioned above decided to merge into Diagrams 2000, as the single - terdisciplinary conference for this exciting new ?eld. It is intended that Diagrams 2000 should become the premier international conference series in this area and provide a forum with su?cient breadth of scope to encompass researchers from all academic areas who are studying the nature of diagrammatic representations and their use by humans and in machines. |
| system schema physics: Sociophysics Approach to Epidemics Jun Tanimoto, 2021-03-22 This book presents the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory and applies them to the analysis of epidemics, which is of paramount importance in the aftermath of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this monograph is to deliver a powerful tool to model and analyze the spread of an infectious disease during a pandemic as well as the human decision dynamics. The book employs a variant of the “vaccination game,” in which a mathematical epidemiological model dovetails with evolutionary game theory. From a social physics standpoint, this book introduces an extended concept of the vaccination game starting from the fundamental issues and touching on the newest practical applications. The book first outlines the fundamental basis of evolutionary game theory, in which a two-player and two-strategy game, the so-called 2 × 2 game, and a multi-player game are concisely introduced, and the important issue of how social dilemmas are quantified is highlighted. Subsequently, the book discusses various recent applications of the extended concept of the vaccination game so as to quantitatively evaluate provisions other than vaccination, including practical intermediate protective measures such as mask-wearing, efficiency of quarantine compared with that of isolation policies for suppressing epidemics, efficiency of preemptive versus late vaccination, and optimal subsidy policies for vaccination. |
| system schema physics: Understanding, Explanation, and Scientific Knowledge Kareem Khalifa, 2017-10-05 The first comprehensive exploration of the nature and value of understanding, addressing burgeoning debates in epistemology and philosophy of science. |
| system schema physics: Database and Expert Systems Applications Abdelkader Hameurlain, Stephen W. Liddle, Klaus-Dieter Schewe, Xiaofang Zhou, 2011-08-19 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22 International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA 2011, held in Toulouse, France, August 29 - September 2, 2011. The 52 revised full papers and 40 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 207 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on query processing; database semantics; skyline queries; security and privacy; spatial and temporal data; semantic web search; storage and search; web search; data integration, transactions and optimization; and web applications. |
| system schema physics: Extending Explanation-Based Learning by Generalizing the Structure of Explanations Jude W. Shavlik, 2014-07-10 Extending Explanation-Based Learning by Generalizing the Structure of Explanations presents several fully-implemented computer systems that reflect theories of how to extend an interesting subfield of machine learning called explanation-based learning. This book discusses the need for generalizing explanation structures, relevance to research areas outside machine learning, and schema-based problem solving. The result of standard explanation-based learning, BAGGER generalization algorithm, and empirical analysis of explanation-based learning are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the effect of increased problem complexity, rule access strategies, empirical study of BAGGER2, and related work in similarity-based learning. This publication is suitable for readers interested in machine learning, especially explanation-based learning. |
| system schema physics: Systems Science and Cybernetics - Volume II Francisco Parra-Luna, 2009-10-30 The subject “Systems sciences and cybernetics” is the outcome of the convergence of a number of trends in a larger current of thought devoted to the growing complexity of (primarily social) objects and arising in response to the need for globalized treatment of such objects. This has been magnified by the proliferation and publication of all manner of quantitative scientific data on such objects, advances in the theories on their inter-relations, the enormous computational capacity provided by IT hardware and software and the critical revisiting of subject-object interaction, not to mention the urgent need to control the efficiency of complex systems, where “efficiency” is understood to mean the ability to find a solution to many social problems, including those posed on a planetary scale. The result has been the forging of a new, academically consolidated scientific trend going by the name of Systems Theory and Cybernetics, with a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary focus and therefore apt for understanding realities still regarded to be inescapably chaotic. This subject entry is subdivided into four sections. The first, an introduction to systemic theories, addresses the historic development of the most commonly used systemic approaches, from new concepts such as the so-called “geometry of thinking” or the systemic treatment of “non-systemic identities” to the taxonomic, entropic, axiological and ethical problems deriving from a general “systemic-cybernetic” conceit. Hence, the focus in this section is on the historic and philosophical aspects of the subject. Moreover, it may be asserted today that, beyond a shadow of a doubt, problems, in particular problems deriving from human interaction but in general any problem regardless of its nature, must be posed from a systemic perspective, for otherwise the obstacles to their solution are insurmountable. Reaching such a perspective requires taking at least the following well-known steps: a) statement of the problem from the determinant variables or phenomena; b) adoption of theoretical models showing the interrelationships among such variables; c) use of the maximum amount of – wherever possible quantitative – information available on each; d) placement of the set of variables in an environment that inevitably pre-determines the problem. That epistemology would explain the substantial development of the systemic-cybernetic approach in recent decades. The articles in the second section deal in particular with the different methodological approaches developed when confronting real problems, from issues that affect humanity as a whole to minor but specific questions arising in human organizations. Certain sub-themes are discussed by the various authors – always from a didactic vantage –, including: problem discovery and diagnosis and development of the respective critical theory; the design of ad hoc strategies and methodologies; the implementation of both qualitative (soft system methodologies) and formal and quantitative (such as the “General System Problem Solver” or the “axiological-operational” perspective) approaches; cross-disciplinary integration; and suitable methods for broaching psychological, cultural and socio-political dynamisms. The third section is devoted to cybernetics in the present dual meaning of the term: on the one hand, control of the effectiveness of communication and actions, and on the other, the processes of self-production of knowledge through reflection and the relationship between the observing subject and the observed object when the latter is also observer and the former observed. Known as “second order cybernetics”, this provides an avenue for rethinking the validity of knowledge, such as for instance when viewed through what is known as “bipolar feedback”: processes through which interactions create novelty, complexity and diversity. Finally, the fourth section centres around artificial and computational intelligence, addressing sub-themes such as “neural networks”, the “simulated annealing” that ranges from statistical thermodynamics to combinatory problem-solving, such as in the explanation of the role of adaptive systems, or when discussing the relationship between biological and computational intelligence. |
| system schema physics: Database Systems in Science and Engineering J.R Rumble, F.J Smith, 1990-01-01 Computerized databases provide a powerful everyday tool for data handling by scientists and engineers. However, the unique nature of many technical tasks requires a specialized approach to make use of the many powerful commercial database tools now available. Using these tools has proved difficult because database technology is often shrouded in layers of jargon. An essential guide for scientists and engineers who use computers to avoid drowning in a flood of data, Database Systems in Science and Engineering dispels the myths associated with database design and breaks the barriers to successful databases. Using the language of scientists and engineers, this book explains concepts and problems, offers practical steps and solutions, and provides new ideas for better data handling. The first part of the book presents an overview of technical databases using examples taken from real applications and the current state of technical databases. The second part covers the computer implementation of technical databases, including examples and the necessary computer science theory to form a sound background. The authors confront the many difficulties that arise in the design and implementation of a realistic database and offer solutions to these challenges. Before beginning any database project, scientists and engineers should read this book to understand how to make every database project successful through careful planning, good design, and efficient use of database tools. |
| system schema physics: Human Behavior Social Environment Ralph E. Anderson, 1990 |
| system schema physics: Theme , 2014 |
| system schema physics: Formal Ontology in Information Systems Nicola Guarino, 1998 Research on ontology is becoming increasingly widespread in the computer science community. While this term has been rather confined to the philosophical sphere in the past, it is now gaining a specific role in areas such as Artificial Intelligence, Computational Linguistics, and Databases. Its importance has been recognized in fields as diverse as knowledge engineering, knowledge representation, qualitative modeling, language engineering, database design, information integration, object-oriented analysis, information retrieval and extraction, knowledge management and organization, agent-based systems design. Current applications areas are disparate, including enterprise integration, natural language translation, medicine, mechanical engineering, electronic commerce, geographic information systems, legal information systems, and biological information systems. Various workshops addressing the engineering aspects of ontology have been held in the recent years. However, ontology by 'its very nature' ought to be a unifying discipline. Insights in this field have potential impact on the whole area of information systems (taking this term in its broadest sense), as testified by the interest recently shown by international standards organizations. In order to provide a solid general foundation for this work, it is therefore important to focus on the common scientific principles and open problems arising from current tools, methodologies, and applications of ontology. |
| system schema physics: Database Systems for Advanced Applications Jayant R. Haritsa, Ramamohanarao Kotagiri, Vikram Pudi, 2008-04-03 Coverage in this proceedings includes XML schemas, data mining, spatial data, indexes and cubes, data streams, P2P and transactions, complex pattern processing, IR techniques, queries and transactions, XML databases, data warehouses, and distributed data. |
| system schema physics: Image Schema Theory and Mathematical Cognition Marcel Danesi, 2025-04-10 This book uses blending theory in math cognition, and assesses the main aspect of this theory, called image schema theory. Applied work in math pedagogy has used this theory, but no work has assessed its validity. This book provides an overall assessment of the theory with regard to its validity in the study of math cognition. Overall, this book presents image schema theory as it has evolved today to mathematicians, cognitive scientists, and math educators, deriving from it any concrete implications for modeling math in computer science and, on the other side, for making math pedagogy more effective. |
| system schema physics: Information and Knowledge Management Timothy W. Finin, Charles K. Nicholas, 1993-11-10 This volume contains expanded and updated versions of papers presented at CIKM 92, the First International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, held in Baltimore, Maryland, in November 1992. The conference participants came from the fields of database management, information retrieval, and artificial intelligence. A major theme in the volume is how these fields are merging and enriching each other. Theeight papers discuss: discovering context in a conceptual schema; a system for face information retrieval; queries in OODB systems; consistency checking in OODBs; integrity constraints representation in OODBs; a framework for temporal object databases; inductive dependencies and approximate databases; OODB design methodologies. |
| system schema physics: Handbook of Research on Text and Web Mining Technologies Song, Min, Brook Wu, Yi-Fang, 2008-09-30 Examines recent advances and surveys of applications in text and web mining which should be of interest to researchers and end-users alike. |
| system schema physics: eBook: Database Systems Concepts 6e SILBERSCHATZ, 2010-06-16 eBook: Database Systems Concepts 6e |
| system schema physics: Readings in Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems Daniel S. Weld, Johan De Kleer, 2013-09-17 Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems describes the automated reasoning about the physical world using qualitative representations. This text is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on some aspect of qualitative physics. The first chapter deal with qualitative physics, which is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The succeeding chapter discusses the qualitative calculus and its role in constructing an envisionment that includes behavior over both mythical time and elapsed time. These topics are followed by reviews of the mathematical aspects of qualitative reasoning, history-based simulation and temporal reasoning, as well as the intelligence in scientific computing. The final chapters are devoted to automated modeling for qualitative reasoning and causal explanations of behavior. These chapters also examine the qualitative kinematics of reasoning about shape and space. This book will prove useful to psychologists and psychiatrists. |
| system schema physics: Understanding Principles of Politics and the State John Schrems, 2004-08 Throughout this book, Jack Schrems unlocks the secrets of the familiar political world. At all times the author reinforces the political science of recent decades with reemerging traditional principles. Principles are explained with clear concrete examples. |
| system schema physics: Visual Database Systems 3 Stefano Spaccapietra, Ramesh Jain, 1995-09-30 Both the way we look at data, through a DBMS, and the nature of data we ask a DBMS to manage have drastically evolved over the last decade, moving from text to images (and to sound to a lesser extent). Visual representations are used extensively within new user interfaces. Powerful visual approaches are being experimented for data manipulation, including the investigation of three dimensional display techniques. Similarly, sophisticated data visualization techniques are dramatically improving the understanding of the information extracted from a database. On the other hand, more and more applications use images as basic data or to enhance the quality and richness of data manipulation services. Image management has opened a wide area of new research topics in image understanding and analysis. The IFIP 2.6 Working Group on Databases strongly believes that a significant mutual enrichment is possible by confronting ideas, concepts and techniques supporting the work of researcher and practitioners in the two areas of visual interfaces to DBMS and DBMS management of visual data. For this reason, IFIP 2.6 has launched a series of conferences on Visual Database Systems. The first one has been held in Tokyo, 1989. VDB-2 was held in Budapest, 1991. This conference is the third in the series. As the preceding editions, the conference addresses researchers and practitioners active or interested in user interfaces, human-computer communication, knowledge representation and management, image processing and understanding, multimedia database techniques and computer vision. |
| system schema physics: The Significance of the Lvov-Warsaw School in the European Culture Anna Brożek, Friedrich Stadler, Jan Woleński, 2017-07-24 This volume is a result of the international symposium “The Tradition of the Lvov-Warsaw School in European Culture,” which took place in Warsaw, Poland, September 2015. It collects almost all the papers presented at the symposium as well as some additional ones. The contributors include scholars from Austria, the Netherlands, Ireland, and Poland. The papers are devoted to the history and reception of the Lvov-Warsaw School, a Polish branch of analytic philosophy. They present the School’s achievements as well as its connections to other analytic groups. The contributors also show how the tradition of the School is developed contemporarily. The title will appeal to historians of analytic philosophy as well as historians of philosophy in Central Europe. |
| system schema physics: Fiat Socialism Carlos García Hernández, 2023-09-11 Fiat socialism could also be called flexible socialism, as it frees socialism from the rigidities imposed by historical law. This socialism will take different forms in different places, it accepts that socialist organizations are not exempt from making mistakes, it will involve different levels of participation by the private sector, as well as different levels in the gross operating surpluses, and it is open to processes of improvement in order to mobilize real resources in the best possible way to achieve the goals of socialism. Only one rigidity is established: monetary sovereignty. Modern monetary theory is only valid in monetary systems where the state is the sovereign issuer of its currency and where there is an appropriate coordination between the Central Bank and the Treasury. If Archimedes in ancient Greece said give me a point of support and I will move the world, a socialist Archimedes would say give me monetary sovereignty and I will build you socialism. Euro delendus est |
| system schema physics: Database and Expert Systems Applications Heinrich C. Mayr, Jiri Lazansky, Gerald Quirchmayr, Pavel Vogel, 2003-06-29 th DEXA 2001, the 12 International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications was held on September 3–5, 2001, at the Technical University of Munich, Germany. The rapidly growing spectrum of database applications has led to the establishment of more specialized discussion platforms (DaWaK conference, EC Web conference, and DEXA workshop), which were all held in parallel with the DEXA conference in Munich. In your hands are the results of much effort, beginning with the preparation of the submitted papers. The papers then passed through the reviewing process, and the accepted papers were revised to final versions by their authors and arranged with the conference program. All this culminated in the conference itself. A total of 175 papers were submitted to this conference, and I would like to thank all the authors. They are the real base of the conference. The program committee and the supporting reviewers produced altogether 497 referee reports, on average of 2.84 reports per paper, and selected 93 papers for presentation. Comparing the weight or more precisely the number of papers devoted to particular topics at several recent DEXA conferences, an increase can be recognized in the areas of XMS databases, active databases, and multi and hypermedia efforts. The space devoted to the more classical topics such as information retrieval, distribution and Web aspects, and transaction, indexing and query aspects has remained more or less unchanged. Some decrease is visible for object orientation. |
| system schema physics: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports , 1994-07 |
| system schema physics: The Communicative Mind Line Brandt, 2013-11-04 Integrating research in linguistics, philosophy, semiotics, neurophenomenology, and literary studies, The Communicative Mind presents a thought-provoking and multifaceted investigation into linguistic meaning construction. It explores the various ways in which the intersubjectivity of communicating interactants manifests itself in language structure and use and argues for the indispensability of dialogue as a semantic resource in cognition. The view of the mind as highly conditioned by the domain of interpersonal communication is supported by an extensive range of empirical linguistic data from fiction, poetry and written and spoken everyday language, including rhetorically “creative” metaphors and metonymies. The author introduces Cognitive Linguistics to the notion of enunciation, which refers to the situated act of language use, and demonstrates the centrality of subjectivity and turn-taking interaction in natural semantics. The theoretical framework presented takes contextual relevance, viewpoint shifts, dynamicity, and the introduction into discourse of elements with no real-world counterparts (subjective motion, fictivity and other forms of non-actuality) to be vital components in the construction of meaning. The book engages the reader in critical discussions of cognitive-linguistic approaches to semantic construal and addresses the philosophical implications of the identified strengths and limitations. Among the theoretical advances in what Brandt refers to as the cognitive humanities is Fauconnier and Turner’s theory of conceptual integration of “mental spaces” which has proved widely influential in Cognitive Poetics and Linguistics, offering a philosophy of language bridging the gap between pragmatics and semantics. With its constructive criticism of the “general mechanism” hypothesis, according to which “blending” can explain everything from the origin of language to binding in perception, Brandt’s book brings the scope and applicability of Conceptual Integration Theory into the arena of scientific debate. The book contains five main chapters entitled Enunciation: Aspects of Subjectivity in Meaning Construction, The Subjective Conceptualizer: Non-actuality in Construal, Conceptual Integration in Semiotic Meaning Construction, Meaning Construction in Literary Text, and Effects of Poetic Enunciation: Seven Types of Iconicity. |
| system schema physics: XML Databases and the Semantic Web Bhavani Thuraisingham, 2002-03-27 Efficient access to data, sharing data, extracting information from data, and making use of the information have become urgent needs for today's corporations. With so much data on the Web, managing it with conventional tools is becoming almost impossible. New tools and techniques are necessary to provide interoperability as well as warehousing betw |
| system schema physics: Entanglements Crispin Sartwell, 2017-03-01 A work of maximally ambitious scope with a foundation in humility, Entanglements sets out a philosophical system of the sort rarely seen over the past century. In a discipline marked by greater and greater specialization and the narrowing of increasingly insular traditions and approaches, Crispin Sartwell has spent his career engaging widely across philosophical topics and texts. Here he brings together his philosophical positions in a unified system that is coherent across the issues and subdisciplines in the field. In addition to presenting his own theories of truth, knowledge, free will, beauty, and the political state, Sartwell's criticisms of other figures and movements provide an overview of the history of philosophy. The project of presenting an overarching philosophical system is a resolutely old-fashioned one, and in undertaking it, Sartwell is not only encapsulating an extraordinarily unique and productive career but also nudging philosophy back to its broader aims of explaining the world and our place in it. |
| system schema physics: Europhysics Conference on Control Systems for Experimental Physics, Villars-sur-Ollon, Switzerland, 28 September-2 October 1987 , 1987 |
| system schema physics: Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing James L. McClelland, David E. Rumelhart, 1989 Accompanies Parallel distributed processing. Vols.1-2/James L. McClelland, David E.Rumelhart; and the PDP Research Group. |
| system schema physics: The Philosophy of Science of A. S. Eddington John W. Yolton, F. Gonseth, 2012-12-06 Examines A.S. Eddington’s thoughts on the philosophical implications of modern science techniques. |
| system schema physics: Open Semantic Technologies for Intelligent System Vladimir Golenkov, Victor Krasnoproshin, Vladimir Golovko, Elias Azarov, 2020-10-24 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Open Semantic Technologies for Intelligent System, OSTIS 2020, held in Minsk, Belarus, in February 2020. The 14 revised full papers and 2 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The papers mainly focus on standardization of intelligent systems and cover wide research fields including knowledge representation and reasoning, semantic networks, natural language processing, temporal reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, multi-agent systems, intelligent agents. |
| system schema physics: Relativity and the Critical Philosophy ... Frank Kassel, 1926 |
| system schema physics: Technological Concepts and Mathematical Models in the Evolution of Modern Engineering Systems Mario Lucertini, Ana Millàn Gasca, Fernando Nicolò, 2012-12-06 M. LUCERTINI, A. MILLAN GASCA, AND F. NICOLO 1 Technology as Knowledge: The Case of Modern Engineering Systems In recent years scholars coming from the fields of history and philosophy of sci ence and technology have devoted much attention to the problem of technology as knowledge and to the emergence of an autonomous engineering science in the Industrial Agel. This interest echoes a growing awareness among engineers of the independence of their conceptual approach with respect to other forms of knowl edge, linked to the consolidation of autonomous academic engineering research in th the 20 century. A careful examination of the nature of technological knowledge appears particularly valuable in view of the pervasive presence of technology in contemporary life and culture, not only as a result of its impressive achievements, but through the less obvious influence of its concepts and viewpoints as well. The activity of engineers and technicians has been traditionally based on the practical ability to cope with specific situations and to attain the corresponding specific goal by means of the design and realization of an artifact or structure, on the basis of past experience handed down by tradition and applied by means of trial-and-error and rule-of-thumb procedures. But the existence of a theoreti cal background and of principles underpinning this activity can be traced back to classical antiquity. |
| system schema physics: The Nature of Thought P. W. Jusczyk, R. M. Klein, 2014-05-22 First published in 1980. This is a collection of lectures around Professor Emeritus Don O.Hebb of Dalhousie University on the major trends in cognitive psychology. It includes essays on Hebb's ideas and impact on current psychological theorizing; his 'structure of thought', and a collection under the section of 'Information-Processing Analysis'. |
| system schema physics: The Development of the Synodical Polity of the Lutheran Church in America, to 1829 Frank Kassel, Harry A. Alsentzer (Jr.), Martin Allen Brumbaugh, Paul Sidney Christ, Raymond Sears Patterson, Robert Fortenbaugh, 1926 |
| system schema physics: Technoromanticism Richard Coyne, 1999 The author explores the spectrum of romantic narrative that pervades the digital age, from McLuhan's utopian vision of social reintegration by electronic communications to the claims of cyberspace to offer new realities. Populating these narratives are cyborgs, computerized agents, avatars and characters that have putative digital identities. |
| system schema physics: Kant and the Systematicity of the Sciences Gabriele Gava, Thomas Sturm, Achim Vesper, 2025-04-29 This book provides the first comprehensive discussion regarding the role that Kant ascribes to systematicity in the sciences. It considers not only what Kant has to say on systematicity in general, but also how the systematicity requirement for science is specified in different fields of knowledge. The chapters are divided into three thematic sections. Part I is devoted to historical context. The chapters explore precursors of Kant’s account of the systematicity of the sciences. Part II addresses the application of systematicity to the special sciences – cosmology, physics, chemistry, logic, mathematics, the life sciences, and history. Finally, Part III explores the systematicity of philosophy. Kant and the Systematicity of the Sciences will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working on Kant and the history and philosophy of science. |
| system schema physics: Francisci de Verulamio Novum Organum ... Edited, with notes, by J. S. Brewer King's College London, 1856 |
| system schema physics: Formal Ontology in Information Systems Antony Galton, Riichiro Mizoguchi, 2010 Ontology began life in ancient times as a fundamental part of philosophical enquiry concerned with the analysis and categorisation of what exists. In recent years, the subject has taken a practical turn with the advent of complex computerised information systems which are reliant on robust and coherent representations of their subject matter. The systematisation and elaboration of such representations and their associated reasoning techniques constitute the modern discipline of formal ontology, which is now being applied to such diverse domains as artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, bioinformatics, GIS, knowledge engineering, information retrieval and the Semantic Web. Researchers in all these areas are becoming increasingly aware of the need for serious engagement with ontology, understood as a general theory of the types of entities and relations making up their respective domains of enquiry, to provide a solid foundation for their work. The conference series Formal Ontology in Information Systems (FOIS) provides a meeting point for researchers from these and other disciplines with an interest in formal ontology, where both theoretical issues and concrete applications can be explored in a spirit of genuine interdisciplinarity. This volume contains the proceedings of the sixth FOIS conference, held in Toronto, Canada, during 11-14 May 2010, including invited talks by Francis Jeffry Pelletier, John Bateman, and Alan Rector and the 28 peer-reviewed submissions selected for presentation at the conference, ranging from foundational issues to more application-oriented topics. IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences |
| system schema physics: Interactive Granular Computations in Networks and Systems Engineering: A Practical Perspective Andrzej Jankowski, 2017-06-25 The book outlines selected projects conducted under the supervision of the author. Moreover, it discusses significant relations between Interactive Granular Computing (IGrC) and numerous dynamically developing scientific domains worldwide, along with features characteristic of the author’s approach to IGrC. The results presented are a continuation and elaboration of various aspects of Wisdom Technology, initiated and developed in cooperation with Professor Andrzej Skowron. Based on the empirical findings from these projects, the author explores the following areas: (a) understanding the causes of the theory and practice gap problem (TPGP) in complex systems engineering (CSE); (b) generalizing computing models of complex adaptive systems (CAS) (in particular, natural computing models) by constructing an interactive granular computing (IGrC) model of networks of interrelated interacting complex granules (c-granules), belonging to a single agent and/or to a group of agents; (c) developing methodologies based on the IGrC model to minimize the negative consequences of the TPGP. The book introduces approaches to the above issues, using the proposed IGrC model. In particular, the IGrC model refers to the key mechanisms used to control the processes related to the implementation of CSE projects. One of the main aims was to develop a mechanism of IGrC control over computations that model a project’s implementation processes to maximize the chances of its success, while at the same time minimizing the emerging risks. In this regard, the IGrC control is usually performed by means of properly selected and enforced (among project participants) project principles. These principles constitute examples of c-granules, expressed by complex vague concepts (represented by c-granules too). The c-granules evolve with time (in particular, the meaning of the concepts is also subject of change). This methodology is illustrated using project principles applied by the author during the implementation of the POLTAX, AlgoTradix, Merix, and Excavio projects outlined in the book. |
| system schema physics: Metadecisions John P. van Gigch, 2012-12-06 Metadecisions: Rehabilitating Epistemology constitutes an epistemological inquiry about the foundations of knowledge of a scientific discipline. This text warns contemporary scientific disciplines that neglecting epistemological issues threatens the viability of their pronouncements and designs. It shows that the processes by which complex artefacts are created require a pluralistic approach to artefact design. It argues that viable solutions to fundamental problems in each discipline require cooperation, creativity and respect for contributions from all walks of life, all levels of logic and all standards of rigor - be they in the natural sciences, the social sciences, engineering sciences, management, the law or political sciences. Several true cases, obtained from different walks of life are used to illustrate logic levels in problems and how the application of the process of modeling/metamodeling helps to conceptualize problem dysfunctions and to convert decisions into metadecisions. Ten cases spanning subjects like Doctor Assisted Suicides (DASs), Advising Women on The Risks of Mammograms, a Deregulation Crusade, The Crash of TWA Flight 800, The Control of The World Wide Web, The Creation of the US Department of Homeland Security, among others, are used to illustrate the application of the metasystem framework to increase knowledge and meaning of fundamental problems. The design of any human activity requires the intervention of several inquiring systems where the manager, the engineer, the scientist, the lawyer, the epistemologist, the ethicist and even the artist contribute to shape how problems in the real-world are formulated, how decisions/metadecisions to solve problems are taken, and finally, how actions are implemented. |
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