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| the biology of the cycads: Cycad Biology and Conservation Nan Li (Botanist), Dennis William Stevenson, Dennis Wm Stevenson, M. Patrick Griffith, 2018 |
| the biology of the cycads: The Biology of the Cycads Knut Norstog, Trevor J. Nicholls, 1997 Thoroughly referenced and generously illustrated, this book discusses all aspects of cycadology. A small group of ancient palmlike seed plants noted for their beautiful foliage and often brightly colored cones and seeds, cycads are believed to have been among the first seed-bearing plants. Seed bearing was the basis for their worldwide dominance from about 300 million years ago to about 70 million years ago, when today's familiar flowering plants gained ascendancy. In recent years, interest in cycads has increased, partly as a result of the need for a more complete identification of the range of toxic and carcinogenic substances these plants produce and partly because of the recognition that some compounds from cycads may prove valuable in biomedical research. Many cycads have recently been identified as endangered species, including some that seem to have survived virtually unchanged since the Mesozoic era. Cycads have a specific importance, now at risk of being lost forever, for the information they offer on the origins and evolution of seed plants. Knut J. Norstog and Trevor J. Nicholls discuss cycad anatomy, reproduction, physiology, and growth. They also focus on population biology and the fossil cycadophytes, as well as genera and species from both the Old World and the New World. The Biology of the Cycads is illustrated with numerous maps, diagrams, and drawings, as well as more than 350 photographs, in black and white and in color. |
| the biology of the cycads: Australia & Asia Loran M. Whitelock, Duke Benadom, 2015 |
| the biology of the cycads: A Study of the Biology of the Cycad Scale, Furchadaspis Zamiae Mac Gillivray John Carroll, 1928 |
| the biology of the cycads: The Cycad Botanists Roy Osborne, Dennis Wm Stevenson, 2025-03-25 This work provides short biographies of 50 historical figures in cycad biology. It covers those starting in the early 17th century through the 21st century. Each of the biographies covers a career including birth and death, schooling, places of employment, travel in field work, publications, place of their cycad type specimens, list of species described and list of species named for them. The latter two items are illustrated along with any honorific items such as currency, stamps, and so on. Additionally, each entry has a portrait. The purpose of this work is to bring together in one place treatments on the lives, work, publications, illustrations, and type specimens of the historic figures in cycad biology. It will be of interest to researchers in cycads but also to the large, amateur community of cycad enthusiasts and others interested in gymnosperms and the history of botany. The book will be featured at the triennial meetings on cycad biology at New York Botanical Garden. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Biology, Structure, and Systematics of the Cycadales Dennis William Stevenson, 1990 This volume comprises papers presented at the CYCAD 87 Symposium. The symposium's emphasis was on current research trends on the Cycadales. Included in this collection are sections on morphology, reproductive biology & vegetative propagation, cytology, physiology, ecology, & ethnobotany, & systematics & floristics. |
| the biology of the cycads: Cycads of the World David Jones, 2002 With Cycads Of The World, David Jones has achieved that difficult task of writing a scientifically accurate text which is both easy to read and understand. The book covers all 185 living species in their 11 genera. It has over 250 colour photographs, many descriptive maps and 16 fine old colour engravings previously hidden away in antique volumes. The book will appeal to gardeners, landscape architects, horticulturists, botanists, conservationists and curious general readers alike. |
| the biology of the cycads: Conifer Reproductive Biology Claire G. Williams, 2009-05-19 When it comes to reproduction, gymnosperms are deeply weird. Cycads and co- fers have drawn out reproduction: at least 13 genera take over a year from polli- tion to fertilization. Since they don’t apparently have any selection mechanism by which to discriminate among pollen tubes prior to fertilization, it is natural to w- der why such a delay in reproduction is necessary. Claire Williams’ book celebrates such oddities of conifer reproduction. She has written a book that turns the context of many of these reproductive quirks into deeper questions concerning evolution. The origins of some of these questions can be traced back Wilhelm Hofmeister’s 1851 book, which detailed the revolutionary idea of alternation of generations. This alternation between diploid and haploid generations was eventually to become one of the key unifying ideas in plant evolution. Dr. Williams points out that alter- tion of generations in conifers shows strong divergence in the evolution of male and female gametes, as well as in the synchronicity of male and female gamete development. How are these coordinated to achieve fertilization? Books on conifer reproduction are all too rare. The only major work in the last generation was Hardev Singh’s 1978 Embryology of Gymnosperms, a book that summarized the previous century’s work. Being a book primarily about embry- ogy, it stopped short of putting conifer reproduction in a genetic or evolutionary context. |
| the biology of the cycads: Under the Shade of Thipaak Michael D. Carrasco, Angélica Cibrián-Jaramillo, Mark A. Bonta, Joshua D. Englehardt, 2022-08-30 Society for Ethnobotany Daniel F. Austin Award The important cultural role of an ancient, endangered plant Under the Shade of Thipaak is the first book to explore the cultural role of cycads, plants that evolved over 250 million years ago and are now critically endangered, in the ancient and modern Mesoamerican and Caribbean worlds. This volume demonstrates how these ancient plants have figured prominently in regional mythologies, rituals, art, and foodways from the Pleistocene-Holocene transition to the present. Contributors discuss the importance of cycads from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, including biology and population genetics, historical ecology, archaeology, art history, linguistics, and conservation and sustainability. Chapters pay special attention to the enduring conceptual relationships between cycads and maize. This book demonstrates how a close examination of cycad-human relationships can motivate conservation of these threatened plants in ways that engage local communities, as well as promote the significance of ancient and modern practices that unite nature and culture. Contributors: Francisco Barona-Gómez | Emanuel Bojorquez Quintal | Mark A. Bonta | Edder Daniel Bustos-Díaz | Dánae Cabrera-Toledo | Michael Calonje | Michael D. Carrasco | Angélica Cibrián-Jaramillo | Joshua D. Englehardt | Jorge González-Astorga | Naishla M. Gutiérrez-Arroyo | José Saíd Gutiérrez-Ortega | Thomas Hart | Jaime R. Pagán-Jiménez | Francisco Pérez-Zavala | Luis Rojas Abarca | Esteban Sánchez Rodríguez | Dennis William Stevenson | Amber M. VanDerwarker | Luis R. Velázquez Maldonado | Andrew P. Vovides |
| the biology of the cycads: Cyanobacteria in Symbiosis A.N. Rai, B. Bergman, Ulla Rasmussen, 2007-05-08 Cyanobacterial symbioses are no longer regarded as mere oddities but as important components of the biosphere, occurring both in terrestrial and aquatic habitats worldwide. It is becoming apparent that they can enter into symbiosis with a wider variety of organisms than hitherto known, and there are many more still to be discovered, particularly in marine environments. The chapters cover cyanobacterial symbioses with plants (algae, bryophytes, Azolla, cycads, Gunnera), cyanobacterial symbioses in marine environments, lichens, Nostoc-Geosiphon (a fungus closely related to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi) symbiosis, and artificial associations of cyanobacteria with economically important plants. In addition, cyanobiont diversity, sensing-signalling, and evolutionary aspects of the symbiosis are dealt with. Renowned experts actively involved in research on cyanobacterial symbioses deal with ecological, physiological, biochemical, molecular, and applied aspects of all known cyanobacterial symbioses. This volume on cyanobacteria in symbiosis complements the two earlier volumes on cyanobacteria published by Kluwer (Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria, edited by D.A. Bryant and Ecology of Cyanobacteria, edited by B.A. Whitton and M. Potts). Together, the three volumes provide the most comprehensive treatment of cyanobacterial literature as a whole. The book will serve as a valuable reference work and text for teaching and research in the field of plant-microbe interactions and nitrogen fixation. |
| the biology of the cycads: Plants in Mesozoic Time Carole T. Gee, 2010-07-16 Plants in Mesozoic Time showcases the latest research of broad botanical and paleontological interest from the world's experts on Mesozoic plant life. Each chapter covers a special aspect of a particular plant group -- ranging from horsetails to ginkgophytes, from cycads to conifers -- and relates it to key innovations in structure, phylogenetic relationships, the Mesozoic flora, or to animals such as plant-eating dinosaurs. The book's geographic scope ranges from Antarctica and Argentina to the western interior of North America, with studies on the reconstruction of the Late Jurassic vegetation of the Morrison Formation and on fossil angiosperm lianas from Late Cretaceous deposits in Utah and New Mexico. The volume also includes cutting-edge studies on the evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) of Mesozoic forests, the phylogenetic analysis of the still enigmatic bennettitaleans, and the genetic developmental controls of the oldest flowers in the fossil record. |
| the biology of the cycads: Superb Succulents Duke Benadom, 2013-09-25 A selection (predominately) of winning plants from succulent shows that have been potted and staged for perfection |
| the biology of the cycads: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| the biology of the cycads: Reproductive Biology of Plants Kishan Gopal Ramawat, Jean-Michel Merillon, K. R. Shivanna, 2016-04-19 Reproductive biology is the basis of species improvement and a thorough understanding of this is needed for plant improvement, whether by conventional or biotechnological methods. This book presents an up to date and comprehensive description of reproduction in lower plants, gymnosperms and higher plants. It covers general plant biology, pollinatio |
| the biology of the cycads: Using Cones to Identify the Indigenous Cycads of South Africa Cornia Hugo, 2016 |
| the biology of the cycads: Cycads John Sydney Donaldson, 2003 The IUCN/SSC Cycad ACtion Plan brings together the best available information on this ancient and fascinating group of plants. Cycads were a dominant part of the earth's flora during the age of the dinosaurs and many species were common even in more recent times. However, many of the 297 species and subspecies dealt with in the Cycad Action Plan have been badly affected by habitat destruction and plant collecting within the last century. As a result, more than half the known species are now classified as threatened, and the cycads stand out as one of the most threatened groups of plants in this world.The Action Plan provides an overview of all the cycads and the threats to their survival. This is followed by separate assessments for the four broad regions where cycads now occur, namely Africa and the Indian Ocean Islands, Australia, Asia, and the New World. Trade in cycads has had a substantial impact on wild cycad populations and there is a separate chapter on trade and the effectiveness of control measures such as CITES. In addition, with so many species facing extinction in the wild, garden collections have become increasingly important and we have assessed the global status of cycad collections.Finally, the Cycad Action Plan presents a set of objectives and actions to reduce the threat to cycads in the wild and to provide ex situ conservation for those that almost certainly will become extinct in the wild. Wherever possible, we have tried to identify and build on innovative projects, such as community-based nurseries, and to link cycad consideration with other global and local initiatives such as the conservation of biodiversity hotspots. |
| the biology of the cycads: Tropical Rainforests Eldredge Bermingham, Christopher W. Dick, Craig Moritz, 2005-08 Synthesizing theoretical & empirical analyses of the processes that help shape these unique ecosystems, 'Tropical Rainforests' looks at the effects of evolutionary histories, past climate change, & ecological dynamics on the origin & maintenance of tropical rainforest communities. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Principles of Biology Herbert Spencer, 1898 |
| the biology of the cycads: CYCADS OF WORLD 1E JONES DAVID L, 1993-06-17 Cycads superficially resemble palms and are often misidentified as such. However, cycads are actually a unique assemblage of primitive plants that have been around for at least 250 million years. Because of their great antiquity they have been described as living fossils and the coelacanths of the plant world. Cycads were an important source of food for the dinosaurs and, despite their toxicity, they have been prepared for food and valued by many cultures. Today they may be regarded as relicts, still widely distributed but diminished in diversity and persisting only in small disjunct communities. They have become highly sought after for gardens, both private and public, and their present status as endangered plants has engendered an upsurge of interest in their conservation. With Cycads of the World David Jones has achieved that difficult task of writing a scientifically accurate text which is easy both to read and to understand. The book covers all 185 living species in their 11 genera. It has over 250 color photographs, many descriptive line drawings, identification keys, distribution maps, and 16 fine old color engravings previously hidden away in antique volumes. David records the prehistory and history of cycads and their economic importance. He provides detailed information on their cultivation, biology, and propagation. The book will appeal to gardeners, landscape architects, horticulturists, botanists, conservationists, and curious general readers alike.--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved |
| the biology of the cycads: Identification of Indigenous Cycads of South Africa Cornia Hugo, 2012 |
| the biology of the cycads: In Defense of Plants Matt Candeias, 2021-03-16 The Study of Plants in a Whole New Light “Matt Candeias succeeds in evoking the wonder of plants with wit and wisdom.” ―James T. Costa, PhD, executive director, Highlands Biological Station and author of Darwin's Backyard #1 New Release in Nature & Ecology, Plants, Botany, Horticulture, Trees, Biological Sciences, and Nature Writing & Essays In his debut book, internationally-recognized blogger and podcaster Matt Candeias celebrates the nature of plants and the extraordinary world of plant organisms. A botanist’s defense. Since his early days of plant restoration, this amateur plant scientist has been enchanted with flora and the greater environmental ecology of the planet. Now, he looks at the study of plants through the lens of his ever-growing houseplant collection. Using gardening, houseplants, and examples of plants around you, In Defense of Plants changes your relationship with the world from the comfort of your windowsill. The ruthless, horny, and wonderful nature of plants. Understand how plants evolve and live on Earth with a never-before-seen look into their daily drama. Inside, Candeias explores the incredible ways plants live, fight, have sex, and conquer new territory. Whether a blossoming botanist or a professional plant scientist, In Defense of Plants is for anyone who sees plants as more than just static backdrops to more charismatic life forms. In this easily accessible introduction to the incredible world of plants, you’ll find: • Fantastic botanical histories and plant symbolism • Passionate stories of flora diversity and scientific names of plant organisms • Personal tales of plantsman discovery through the study of plants If you enjoyed books like The Botany of Desire, What a Plant Knows, or The Soul of an Octopus, then you’ll love In Defense of Plants. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Biology, Structure, and Systematics of the Cycadales Dennis William Stevenson, 1993 |
| the biology of the cycads: The Biology of Reproduction Giuseppe Fusco, Alessandro Minelli, 2019-09-30 Reproduction is a fundamental feature of life, it is the way life persists across the ages. This book offers new, wider vistas on this fundamental biological phenomenon, exploring how it works through the whole tree of life. It explores facets such as asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis, sex determination and reproductive investment, with a taxonomic coverage extended over all the main groups - animals, plants including 'algae', fungi, protists and bacteria. It collates into one volume perspectives from varied disciplines - including zoology, botany, microbiology, genetics, cell biology, developmental biology, evolutionary biology, animal and plant physiology, and ethology - integrating information into a common language. Crucially, the book aims to identify the commonalties among reproductive phenomena, while demonstrating the diversity even amongst closely related taxa. Its integrated approach makes this a valuable reference book for students and researchers, as well as an effective entry point for deeper study on specific topics. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Biology of Flowering Plants Macgregor Skene, 1924 |
| the biology of the cycads: Palaeobiology II Derek E. G. Briggs, Peter R. Crowther, 2008-04-15 Palaeobiology: A Synthesis was widely acclaimed both for its content and production quality. Ten years on, Derek Briggs and Peter Crowther have once again brought together over 150 leading authorities from around the world to produce Palaeobiology II. Using the same successful formula, the content is arranged as a series of concise articles, taking a thematic approach to the subject, rather than treating the various fossil groups systematically. This entirely new book, with its diversity of new topics and over 100 new contributors, reflects the exciting developments in the field, including accounts of spectacular newly discovered fossils, and embraces data from other disciplines such as astrobiology, geochemistry and genetics. Palaeobiology II will be an invaluable resource, not only for palaeontologists, but also for students and researchers in other branches of the earth and life sciences. Written by an international team of recognised authorities in the field. Content is concise but informative. Demonstrates how palaeobiological studies are at the heart of a range of scientific themes. |
| the biology of the cycads: CRC World Dictionary of Palms Umberto Quattrocchi, 2017-08-03 From the Foreword Umberto Quattrocchi has brought us some amazing and useful works through the various dictionaries that he has compiled. This time it is for two very important plant families the palms and the cycads that are synthesized here in these two volumes. Each entry is fascinating not just for the botany and full nomenclature of the plant species but for all the associated uses, folklore and interactions with other organisms. ...These entries are fascinating glimpses of natural history. ... Botanists, conservationists, ethnobotanists, anthropologists, geographers, bird watchers, naturalists, historians and those of many other disciplines will find these volumes a most valuable and useful resource. It is the sort of book that will be in frequent use in my library. ----- Professor Sir Ghillean Prance FRS, VMH, Former Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Following the same format as Umberto Quattrocchi’s highly praised and well-used previous works, The CRC World Dictionary of Palms: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology brings together the vast and scattered literature on palms and cycads to provide better access to information on these economically important plants. Each genus and species has a detailed morphological description and includes a list of synonyms and vernacular names in many languages. Bibliographies accompany each entry which are comprehensive, up-to-date and multi-lingual. The detailed information for every entry on habitats, economic uses, historical and biographical data, botanical exploration, and linguistics will be useful for any library involved with botany, herbal medicine, pharmacognosy, medicinal and natural product chemistry, ecology, ethnobotany, systematics, general plant science, agriculture or horticulture. Umberto Quattrocchi is the author of the bestselling CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, winner of the prestigious Hanbury Botanical Garden Award. His most recent multi-volume work, CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants, received strong praise as being ... an unparalleled starting place—a tool of first resort for any thoughtful researcher. Quattrocchi and CRC have delivered a dictionary like no other, a learned finger pointing in the right direction. —John de la Parra, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, from Economic Botany, Vol. 68, 2014 |
| the biology of the cycads: Sustainable Uses and Prospects of Medicinal Plants Learnmore Kambizi, Callistus Bvenura, 2023-05-05 Sustainable Uses and Prospects of Medicinal Plants presents information on less known and underexplored medicinal plant species in various regions of the world. The book investigates current advances in medicinal plant science and includes detailed information on the use of green nanotechnology, characterization of plants, conservation, revitalization, propagation, and pharmacological activities of selected plants. A volume in the Exploring Medicinal Plants series, it collects information on less known medicinal plant species in various regions of the world for documentation profiling their ethnobotany, developments in their phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities and provides an in-depth look at some specific herbal medicines of importance, threatened and less known species and addresses sustainable utilization and conservation of medicinal plants to ensure existence and use. Appropriate for plant and biodiversity conservation organisations, community leaders, academicians, researchers, and pharmaceutical industry personnel, the book comprises innovative works with information of what is expected to address sustainability in the future. |
| the biology of the cycads: Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa Richard Primack, Johnny W. Wilson, 2019-09-10 Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa comprehensively explores the challenges and potential solutions to key conservation issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Easy to read, this lucid and accessible textbook includes fifteen chapters that cover a full range of conservation topics, including threats to biodiversity, environmental laws, and protected areas management, as well as related topics such as sustainability, poverty, and human-wildlife conflict. This rich resource also includes a background discussion of what conservation biology is, a wide range of theoretical approaches to the subject, and concrete examples of conservation practice in specific African contexts. Strategies are outlined to protect biodiversity whilst promoting economic development in the region. Boxes covering specific themes written by scientists who live and work throughout the region are included in each chapter, together with recommended readings and suggested discussion topics. Each chapter also includes an extensive bibliography. Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa provides the most up-to-date study in the field. It is an essential resource, available on-line without charge, for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a handy guide for professionals working to stop the rapid loss of biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. |
| the biology of the cycads: Botany Illustrated Janice Glimn-Lacy, Peter B. Kaufman, 2012-12-06 This is a discovery book about plants. It is for students In the first section, introduction to plants, there are sev of botany and botanical illustration and everyone inter eral sources for various types of drawings. Hypotheti ested in plants. Here is an opportunity to browse and cal diagrams show cells, organelles, chromosomes, the choose subjects of personal inter. est, to see and learn plant body indicating tissue systems and experiments about plants as they are described. By adding color to with plants, and flower placentation and reproductive the drawings, plant structures become more apparent structures. For example, there is no average or stan and show how they function in life. The color code dard-looking flower; so to clearly show the parts of a clues tell how to color for definition and an illusion of flower (see 27), a diagram shows a stretched out and depth. For more information, the text explains the illus exaggerated version of a pink (Dianthus) flower (see trations. The size of the drawings in relation to the true 87). A basswood (Tifia) flower is the basis for diagrams size of the structures is indicated by X 1 (the same size) of flower types and ovary positions (see 28). Another to X 3000 (enlargement from true size) and X n/n source for drawings is the use of prepared microscope (reduction from true size). slides of actual plant tissues. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Cabaret of Plants: Forty Thousand Years of Plant Life and the Human Imagination Richard Mabey, 2016-01-11 Highly entertaining…Mabey gets us to look at life from the plants’ point of view. —Constance Casey, New York Times The Cabaret of Plants is a masterful, globe-trotting exploration of the relationship between humans and the kingdom of plants by the renowned naturalist Richard Mabey. A rich, sweeping, and wonderfully readable work of botanical history, The Cabaret of Plants explores dozens of plant species that for millennia have challenged our imaginations, awoken our wonder, and upturned our ideas about history, science, beauty, and belief. Going back to the beginnings of human history, Mabey shows how flowers, trees, and plants have been central to human experience not just as sources of food and medicine but as objects of worship, actors in creation myths, and symbols of war and peace, life and death. Writing in a celebrated style that the Economist calls “delightful and casually learned,” Mabey takes readers from the Himalayas to Madagascar to the Amazon to our own backyards. He ranges through the work of writers, artists, and scientists such as da Vinci, Keats, Darwin, and van Gogh and across nearly 40,000 years of human history: Ice Age images of plant life in ancient cave art and the earliest representations of the Garden of Eden; Newton’s apple and gravity, Priestley’s sprig of mint and photosynthesis, and Wordsworth’s daffodils; the history of cultivated plants such as maize, ginseng, and cotton; and the ways the sturdy oak became the symbol of British nationhood and the giant sequoia came to epitomize the spirit of America. Complemented by dozens of full-color illustrations, The Cabaret of Plants is the magnum opus of a great naturalist and an extraordinary exploration of the deeply interwined history of humans and the natural world. |
| the biology of the cycads: Global Advances in Biogeography Lawrence Stevens, 2012-03-30 Global Advances in Biogeography brings together the work of more than 30 scientific authorities on biogeography from around the world. The book focuses on spatial and temporal variation of biological assemblages in relation to landscape complexity and environmental change. Global Advances embraces four themes: biogeographic theory and tests of concepts, the regional biogeography of individual taxa, the biogeography of complex landscapes, and the deep-time evolutionary biogeography of macrotaxa. In addition, the book provides a trove of new information about unusual landscapes, the natural history of a wide array of poorly known plant and animal species, and global conservation issues. This book is well illustrated with numerous maps, graphics, and photographs, and contains much new basic biogeographical information that is not available elsewhere. It will serve as an invaluable reference for professionals and members of the public interested in global biogeography, evolution, taxonomy, and conservation. |
| the biology of the cycads: The Dawn Angiosperms Xin Wang, 2010-08-12 Angiosperms are the most diversi ed plant group in the world, being represented by ca 300,000 species in about 400 families. Like all of Life, including ourselves, they have had their own history and gone through many evolutionary stages before they arrived at their current forms. The origin of Angiospermae ( owering plants) has been the subject of much dispute because this is a key event in the history of life, and has a far-reaching in uence on our understanding of relationships among seed plants as a whole as well as within the angiosperms. Until recently most of palae- otanists recognized angiosperms only from the Cretaceous and younger strata. This contradicts the results of molecular analyses. I have been working on Mesozoic fossil plants for the past two decades, during which time I have studied a number of fossil plants. Some of these fossil plants have been published as Jurassic angiosperms, and, unsurprisingly, many questions and doubts have been raised about them. These questions need to be addressed se- ously and journal papers do not provide suf cient space to compare and relate these early angiosperms. In this book these pioneer angiosperms are documented in detail, sometimes with new specimens not studied before. Also, I propose a de nition of angiosperms that could be adopted in palaeobotany. My aim is to improve clarity and objectivity of judgment about what constitutes a fossil angiosperm. |
| the biology of the cycads: Microorganisms in Plant Conservation and Biodiversity K. Sivasithamparam, K.W. Dixon, R.L. Barrett, 2007-05-08 Plant conservation is increasingly recognised as an outstanding global priority, yet despite considerable efforts over the last few decades, the number of threatened species continues to rise. The practice of plant conservation has for too long been a rather hit-or-miss mixture of methods. While microorganisms have been recognised as a crucial and essential element in supporting the lifecycles of plant species, there has been limited recognition of the relationships between macro level conservation facilitating ecosystem functioning at the micro level. This book addresses the role of microorganisms in conservation - both their support functions and deleterious roles in ecosystem processes and species survival. Importantly, a number of authors highlight how microbial diversity is, itself, now under threat from the many and pervasive influences of man. What is clear from this volume is that like many contemporary treatments of plant and animal conservation, the solution to mitigate the erosion of biodiversity is not simple. This book represents an attempt to bring to the fore the ecological underwriting provided by microorganisms. |
| the biology of the cycads: Plant Systematics Michael G. Simpson, 2019-11-10 Plant Systematics, Third Edition, has made substantial contributions to plant systematics courses at the upper-undergraduate and first year graduate level, with the first edition winning The New York Botanical Garden's Henry Allan Gleason Award for outstanding recent publication in plant taxonomy, plant ecology or plant geography. This third edition continues to provide the basis for teaching an introduction to the morphology, evolution and classification of land plants. A foundation of the approach, methods, research goals, evidence and terminology of plant systematics are presented, along with the most recent knowledge of evolutionary relationships of plants and practical information vital to the field. In this new edition, the author includes greatly expanded treatments on families of flowering plants, as well as tropical trees (all with full-color plates), and an updated explanation of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference algorithms. Chapters on morphology and plant nomenclature have also been enhanced with new material. - Covers research developments in plant molecular biology - Features clear, detailed cladograms, drawings and photos - Includes major revisions to chapters on phylogenetic systematics and plant morphology |
| the biology of the cycads: Cycads of Australia Kenneth D. Hill, Ken Hill, Roy Osborne, 2001 |
| the biology of the cycads: LANDSCAPE GARDENING AND ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE Mr. Padi Mahesh, Dr. Nasir Hamid Masoodi, Dr. Qazi Altaf , Ms. Dharavath Poojitha, Mr. Vankadavath Nagaraju, 2025-01-17 |
| the biology of the cycads: Fossil Behavior Compendium Arthur J. Boucot, George O. Poinar Jr., 2010-04-12 In this complete and thorough update of Arthur Boucot's seminal work, Evolutionary Paleobiology of Behavior and Coevolution, Boucot is joined by George Poinar, who provides additional expertise and knowledge on protozoans and bacteria as applied to disease. Together, they make the Fossil Behavior Compendium wider in scope, covering all relevant ani |
| the biology of the cycads: Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) IV Rolf Oberprieler, Elwood Zimmerman, 2020-12-01 Australian Weevils: Volume IV covers the 11 smaller tribes of the weevil subfamily Entiminae (broad-nosed weevils), which comprises more than 100 genera and 700 described species in Australia. Around half of this fauna is covered in Volume IV, featuring keys to all the tribes, genera and described species as well as updated concepts and diagnoses of the tribes and summarising accounts of the taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution and known hostplants of all the genera and species. All the introduced species of Entiminae in Australia, most of which are regarded as agricultural or horticultural pests, are included, as are descriptions of 12 new genera and eight new species and identifications of about another 240 undescribed species. The book also includes an overview of the salient characters of the Entiminae, illustrated on 18 colour plates of diagnostic features needed for identifying these weevils, alongside a further 180 colour plates illustrating the habitus and genitalia of all the genera and of several other species and their diagnostic characters. The volume further includes an obituary and full publication list of the late Elwood C. Zimmerman as well as an updated list of recent literature on the Australian Entiminae and other weevils. The book is an essential reference work for researchers and students working with entimine weevils both in Australia and abroad. It is part of the Australian Weevils series. |
| the biology of the cycads: Cycadaceae Family Boris Lariushin, 2013-01-19 All Cycadaceae of the world in several color photos for each 90 species (Cycas genera) described, detailed descriptions, scientific information. Published in one volume. |
| the biology of the cycads: Potential Invasive Pests of Agricultural Crops Jorge E. Peña, 2013 Invasive arthropods cause significant damage in agricultural crops and natural environments across the globe. Potentially threatened regions need to be prepared to prevent new pests from becoming established. Therefore, information on pest identity, host range, geographical distribution, biology, tools for detection and identification are all essential to researchers and regulatory personnel. This book focuses on the most recent invasive pests of agricultural crops in temperate subtropical and tropical areas and on potential invaders, discussing their spread, biology and control. |
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biology_06er. October 15, 2006 at 9:34 pm #56713. sdekivit. Participant. use the law of Boyle: pV ...
sympatric v syntopic a question of scale - Biology Forum
Feb 15, 2006 · Biology Forum; About Us; The content on this website is for information only. It is not intended to provide medical, legal, or any other professional advice. Any information here should …
Species - Biology Forum
Oct 2, 2006 · 1. My biology teacher told us that species is a group of organisms that are able to interbreed with each other. It means like if cats want to be in the 'species' category, they must
Topics Archive - Biology Forum
360 Wiki Writers. General Discussion. 2; 2
pH problem [biochemistry] - Biology Forum
Dec 20, 2006 · I'm studying for my biochemistry final and encountered a pH problem that I don't know how to approach. A compound is known to have a free amino group with a pKa of 8.8, and …
Meniscus? - Biology Forum
Apr 21, 2006 · My biology teacher gave us instructions on how to set up a potometer. According to him the way to measure the rate of transpiration is to measure the distance moved by the …
Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Analogies - Biology Forum
Apr 10, 2005 · Hi. Well I was recently assigned a project to come up with an analogy for either cellular respiration or photosynthesis ans present it to the class in a story, cartoon, or play.
EARTHWORMS HELP!! - Biology Forum
Apr 8, 2007 · hi i need help with these questions 1. explain the process by which earthworms enrich and aerate the soil. 2. describe one way earthworms are poorly adapted (in general) to …
biology questions - Biology Forum
Feb 17, 2011 · ok so i have some questions on my biology study guide that i cant find in my notes 1) which organelles are used in animal cell division, but are absent in plant cell division? 2) …
biology - Biology Forum
Aug 5, 2012 · Hi I was wondering if my answer is correct if not I really need help finding the correct answer Two kinds of cell-transport are used in the process that forms ATP. Name the …
Inhalation/Exhalation - Biology Forum
biology_06er. October 15, 2006 at 9:34 pm #56713. sdekivit. Participant. use the law of Boyle: pV ...
sympatric v syntopic a question of scale - Biology Forum
Feb 15, 2006 · Biology Forum; About Us; The content on this website is for information only. It is not intended to provide medical, legal, or any other professional advice. Any information here …
Species - Biology Forum
Oct 2, 2006 · 1. My biology teacher told us that species is a group of organisms that are able to interbreed with each other. It means like if cats want to be in the 'species' category, they must
Topics Archive - Biology Forum
360 Wiki Writers. General Discussion. 2; 2
pH problem [biochemistry] - Biology Forum
Dec 20, 2006 · I'm studying for my biochemistry final and encountered a pH problem that I don't know how to approach. A compound is known to have a free amino group with a pKa of 8.8, …
