Spinoza And Leibniz

  spinoza and leibniz: The Courtier and the Heretic: Leibniz, Spinoza, and the Fate of God in the Modern World Matthew Stewart, 2007-01-17 Exhilarating…Stewart has achieved a near impossibility, creating a page-turner about jousting metaphysical ideas, casting thinkers as warriors. —Liesl Schillinger, New York Times Book Review Once upon a time, philosophy was a dangerous business—and for no one more so than for Baruch Spinoza, the seventeenth-century philosopher vilified by theologians and political authorities everywhere as “the atheist Jew.” As his inflammatory manuscripts circulated underground, Spinoza lived a humble existence in The Hague, grinding optical lenses to make ends meet. Meanwhile, in the glittering salons of Paris, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was climbing the ladder of courtly success. In between trips to the opera and groundbreaking work in mathematics, philosophy, and jurisprudence, he took every opportunity to denounce Spinoza, relishing his self-appointed role as “God’s attorney.” In this exquisitely written philosophical romance of attraction and repulsion, greed and virtue, religion and heresy, Matthew Stewart gives narrative form to an epic contest of ideas that shook the seventeenth century—and continues today.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Rationalists Pauline Phemister, 2006-09-14 Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz stand out as the great 17th century rationalist philosophers who sought to construct a philosophical system in which theological and philosophical foundations serve to explain the physical, mental and moral universe. In her new book Pauline Phemister explores their contribution to the development of modern philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Rationalists Renè Descartes, Benedict De Spinoza, Freiherr Von Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, 2011-07-01 Translated By John Veitch, R. H. M. Elwes, And George Montgomery With Revisions By Albert R. Chandler.
  spinoza and leibniz: Leibniz, God and Necessity Michael V. Griffin, 2013 This book presents a necessitarian interpretation of Leibniz which grounds modal concepts in theology.
  spinoza and leibniz: Kant's Critique of Spinoza Omri Boehm, 2014-05-01 Contemporary philosophers frequently assume that Kant never seriously engaged with Spinoza or Spinozism-certainly not before the break of Der Pantheismusstreit, or within the Critique of Pure Reason. Offering an alternative reading of key pre-critical texts and to some of the Critique's most central chapters, Omri Boehm challenges this common assumption. He argues that Kant not only is committed to Spinozism in early essays such as The One Possible Basis and New Elucidation, but also takes up Spinozist metaphysics as Transcendental Realism's most consistent form in the Critique of Pure Reason. The success -- or failure -- of Kant's critical projects must be evaluated in this light. Boehm here examines The Antinomies alongside Spinoza's Substance Monism and his theory of freedom. Similarly, he analyzes the refutation of the Ontological Argument in parallel with Spinoza's Causa-sui. More generally, Boehm places the Critique of Pure Reason's separation of Thought from Being and Is from Ought in dialogue with the Ethics' collapse of Being, Is and Ought into Thought.
  spinoza and leibniz: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz Roger Woolhouse, 2002-09-11 This book introduces student to the three major figures of modern philosophy known as the rationalists. It is not for complete beginners, but it is an accessible account of their thought. By concerning itself with metaphysics, and in particular substance, the book relates an important historical debate largely neglected by the contemporary debates in the once again popular area of traditional metaphysics. in philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: A Refutation Recently Discovered of Spinoza by Leibnitz Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von Leibniz, 1855
  spinoza and leibniz: Betraying Spinoza Rebecca Goldstein, 2009-01-16 Part of the Jewish Encounter series In 1656, Amsterdam’s Jewish community excommunicated Baruch Spinoza, and, at the age of twenty–three, he became the most famous heretic in Judaism. He was already germinating a secularist challenge to religion that would be as radical as it was original. He went on to produce one of the most ambitious systems in the history of Western philosophy, so ahead of its time that scientists today, from string theorists to neurobiologists, count themselves among Spinoza’s progeny. In Betraying Spinoza, Rebecca Goldstein sets out to rediscover the flesh-and-blood man often hidden beneath the veneer of rigorous rationality, and to crack the mystery of the breach between the philosopher and his Jewish past. Goldstein argues that the trauma of the Inquisition’ s persecution of its forced Jewish converts plays itself out in Spinoza’s philosophy. The excommunicated Spinoza, no less than his excommunicators, was responding to Europe’ s first experiment with racial anti-Semitism. Here is a Spinoza both hauntingly emblematic and deeply human, both heretic and hero—a surprisingly contemporary figure ripe for our own uncertain age. From the Hardcover edition.
  spinoza and leibniz: Spinoza's Geometry of Power Valtteri Viljanen, 2011-09-29 This work examines the unique way in which Benedict de Spinoza (1632–77) combines two significant philosophical principles: that real existence requires causal power and that geometrical objects display exceptionally clearly how things have properties in virtue of their essences. Valtteri Viljanen argues that underlying Spinoza's psychology and ethics is a compelling metaphysical theory according to which each and every genuine thing is an entity of power endowed with an internal structure akin to that of geometrical objects. This allows Spinoza to offer a theory of existence and of action - human and non-human alike - as dynamic striving that takes place with the same kind of necessity and intelligibility that pertain to geometry. Viljanen's fresh and original study will interest a wide range of readers in Spinoza studies and early modern philosophy more generally.
  spinoza and leibniz: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz Roger Woolhouse, 2002-09-11 This book introduces student to the three major figures of modern philosophy known as the rationalists. It is not for complete beginners, but it is an accessible account of their thought. By concerning itself with metaphysics, and in particular substance, the book relates an important historical debate largely neglected by the contemporary debates in the once again popular area of traditional metaphysics. in philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza Benedictus de Spinoza, 1912
  spinoza and leibniz: Enfoldment and Infinity Laura U. Marks, 2010-08-13 Tracing the connections—both visual and philosophical—between new media art and classical Islamic art. In both classical Islamic art and contemporary new media art, one point can unfold to reveal an entire universe. A fourteenth-century dome decorated with geometric complexity and a new media work that shapes a dome from programmed beams of light: both can inspire feelings of immersion and transcendence. In Enfoldment and Infinity, Laura Marks traces the strong similarities, visual and philosophical, between these two kinds of art. Her argument is more than metaphorical; she shows that the “Islamic” quality of modern and new media art is a latent, deeply enfolded, historical inheritance from Islamic art and thought. Marks proposes an aesthetics of unfolding and enfolding in which image, information, and the infinite interact: image is an interface to information, and information (such as computer code or the words of the Qur'an) is an interface to the infinite. After demonstrating historically how Islamic aesthetics traveled into Western art, Marks draws explicit parallels between works of classical Islamic art and new media art, describing texts that burst into image, lines that multiply to form fractal spaces, “nonorganic life” in carpets and algorithms, and other shared concepts and images. Islamic philosophy, she suggests, can offer fruitful ways of understanding contemporary art.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Rationalists Rene Descartes, Benedict de Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz, 2011-04-13 Founded in the mid-17th century, Rationalism was philosophy's first step into the modern era. This volume contains the essential statements of Rationalism's three greatest figures: Descartes, who began it; Spinoza, who epitomized it; and Leibniz, who gave it its last serious expression.
  spinoza and leibniz: Affects, Actions and Passions in Spinoza Chantal Jaquet, 2019-08-07 A new analysis of the mind/body relationship based on the philosophy of Spinoza It is widely recognised that Spinoza put an end to the Cartesian dualism of body and mind by thinking through the possibility of their unity. Revisiting this generally accepted notion of psychophysical parallelism in Spinoza, Chantal Jaquet offers a new analysis of the relation between body and mind. Using an original methodology, she analyses their unity in action through the affects that bring together a body's affection and the idea of this affection. Looking at a range of Spinoza's texts, Jaquet reveals that understanding affects, actions and passions provides the key to how the mind and body are the same individual expressed in two different ways. She presents the Spinozist model in all its complexity, illuminating its potentialities for contemporary debates on the nature of the mind-body problem.
  spinoza and leibniz: Being and Reason Martin Lin, 2019 In Spinoza's metaphysics there is only one substance, God or nature. Martin Lin offers a new interpretation, arguing against idealist readings where the metaphysical is grounded in something epistemic, logical, or psychological. In Lin's realist interpretation, finite natural creatures stand to God or nature as waves stand to an ocean.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Young Spinoza Yitzhak Y. Melamed, 2015 This volume attempts to trace the philosophical development of one of the greatest philosophers of all times. It is the first attempt of its kind in English and its timely appearance coincides with the recent increase of interest in Spinoza's philosophy in Anglo-American philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: Imaginary Philosophical Dialogues Kenneth Binmore, 2020-12-23 How would Plato have responded if his student Aristotle had ever challenged his idea that our senses perceive nothing more than the shadows cast upon a wall by a true world of perfect ideals? What would Charles Darwin have said to Karl Marx about his claim that dialectical materialism is a scientific theory of evolution? How would Jean-Paul Sartre have reacted to Simone de Beauvoir’s claim that the Marquis de Sade was a philosopher worthy of serious attention? This light-hearted book proposes answers to such questions by imagining dialogues between thirty-three pairs of philosophical sages who were alive at the same time. Sometime famous sages get a much rougher handling than usual, as when Adam Smith beards Immanuel Kant in his Konigsberg den. Sometimes neglected or maligned sages get a chance to say what they really believed, as when Epicurus explains that he wasn’t epicurean. Sometimes the dialogues are about the origins of modern concepts, as when Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat discuss their invention of probability, or when John Nash and John von Neumann discuss the creation of game theory. Even in these scientific cases, the intention is that the protagonists come across as fallible human beings like the rest of us, rather than the intellectual paragons of philosophical textbooks.
  spinoza and leibniz: Living Mirrors Ohad Nachtomy, 2019-03-29 In Living Mirrors, Ohad Nachtomy examines Leibniz's attempt to re-enchant the natural world-that is, to infuse life, purpose, and value into the very foundations of nature, a nature that Leibniz saw as disenchanted by Descartes' and Spinoza's more naturalistic and mechanistic theories. Nachtomy sees Leibniz's nuanced view of infinity- how it differs in the divine as well as human spheres, and its relationship to numerical and metaphysical unity-as key in this effort. Leibniz defined living beings by means of an infinite nested structure particular to what he called natural machines-and for him, an intermediate kind of infinity is the defining feature of living beings. Using a metaphor of a living mirror, Leibniz put forth infinity as crucial to explaining the unity of a living being as well as the harmony between the infinitely small and the infinitely large; in this way, employing infinity and unity, we can better understand life itself, both as a metaphysical principle and as an empirical fact. Nachtomy's sophisticated and novel treatment of the essential themes in Leibniz's work will not only interest Leibniz scholars, but scholars of early modern philosophy and students of the history of philosophy and science as well.
  spinoza and leibniz: Spinoza: Ethics / Leibniz: The Monadology. / Berkeley: Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous (Annotated) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, George Berkeley, 2018-10-17 Regarding Bertrand Russell (Nobel Laureate, 1950) in The Problems of Philosophy (1912), Bibliographical Note:The student who wishes to acquire an elementary knowledge of philosophy will find it both easier and more profitable to read some of the works of the great philosophers than to attempt to derive an all-round view from handbooks. The following are specially recommended: Plato: Republic, especially Books VI and VII. Descartes: Meditations. Spinoza: Ethics. Leibniz: The Monadology. Berkeley: Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous. Hume: Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. Kant: Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics.About the Series Elementary Knowledge of Philosophy:Volume 1: PLATO: THE REPUBLIC / THE MEDITATIONS OF DESCARTES. Annotated by: THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY by Bertrand Russell.Chapter I. APPEARANCE AND REALITY Chapter II. THE EXISTENCE OR MATTER Chapter III. THE NATURE OF MATTER Chapter IV. IDEALISM Chapter V. KNOWLEDGE BY ACQUAINTANCE AND KNOWLEDGE BY DESCRIPTION Volume 2: SPINOZA: ETHICS / LEIBNIZ: THE MONADOLOGY. / BERKELEY: THREE DIALOGUES BETWEEN HYLAS AND PHILONOUS. Annotated by: THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY by Bertrand Russell.Chapter VI.ON INDUCTION Chapter VII.ON OUR KNOWLEDGE OF GENERAL PRINCIPLES Chapter VIII.HOW A PRIORI KNOWLEDGE IS POSSIBLE Chapter IX.THE WORLD OF UNIVERSALS Chapter X.ON OUR KNOWLEDGE OF UNIVERSALS Volume. 3: HUME: ENQUIRY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING./ KANT: PROLEGOMENA TO ANY FUTURE METAPHYSICS. Annotated by: THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY by Bertrand Russell.Chapter XI.ON INTUITIVE KNOWLEDGE Chapter XII.TRUTH AND FALSEHOOD Chapter XIII.KNOWLEDGE, ERROR, AND PROBABLE OPINION Chapter XIV.THE LIMITS OF PHILOSOPHICAL KNOWLEDGE Chapter XV.THE VALUE OF PHILOSOPHY Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (Latin: Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata), usually known as the Ethics, is a philosophical treatise written in Latin by Benedict de Spinoza. It was written between 1664 and 1665 and was first published posthumously in 1677. The book is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply the method of Euclid in philosophy. Spinoza puts forward a small number of definitions and axioms from which he attempts to derive hundreds of propositions and corollaries, such as When the Mind imagines its own lack of power, it is saddened by it, A free man thinks of nothing less than of death, and The human Mind cannot be absolutely destroyed with the Body, but something of it remains which is eternal. The Monadology is one of Gottfried Leibniz's best known works representing his later philosophy. It is a short text which sketches in some 90 paragraphs a metaphysics of simple substances, or monads.The monad, the word and the idea, belongs to the Western philosophical tradition and has been used by various authors. Leibniz, who was exceptionally well read, could not have ignored this, but he did not use it himself until mid-1696 when he was sending for print his New System. Apparently he found with it a convenient way to expose his own philosophy as it was elaborated in this period. What he proposed can be seen as a modification of occasionalism developed by latter-day Cartesians. Leibniz surmised that there are indefinitely many substances individually 'programmed' to act in a predetermined way, each substance being coordinated with all the others. This is the pre-established harmony which solved the mind-body problem, but at the cost of declaring any interaction between substances a mere appearance.Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous, or simply Three Dialogues, is a 1713 book on metaphysics and idealism written by George Berkeley. Taking the form of a dialogue, the book was written as a response to the criticism Berkeley experienced after publishing A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge.
  spinoza and leibniz: Leibniz's Metaphysics Catherine Wilson, 2015-12-08 This study of the metaphysics of G. W. Leibniz gives a clear picture of his philosophical development within the general scheme of seventeenth-century natural philosophy. Catherine Wilson examines the shifts in Leibniz's thinking as he confronted the major philosophical problems of his era. Beginning with his interest in artificial languages and calculi for proof and discovery, the author proceeds to an examination of Leibniz’s early theories of matter and motion, to the phenomenalistic turn in his theory of substance and his subsequent de-emphasis of logical determinism, and finally to his doctrines of harmony and optimization. Specific attention is given to Leibniz’s understanding of Descartes and his successors, Malebranche and Spinoza, and the English philosophers Newton, Cudworth, and Locke. Wilson analyzes Leibniz’s complex response to the new mechanical philosophy, his discontent with the foundations on which it rested, and his return to the past to locate the resources for reconstructing it. She argues that the continuum-problem is the key to an understanding not only of Leibniz’s monadology but also of his views on the substantiality of the self and the impossibility of external causal influence. A final chapter considers the problem of Leibniz-reception in the post-Kantian era, and the difficulty of coming to terms with a metaphysics that is not only philosophically critical but, at the same time, “compensatory.” Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Rationalists Rene Descartes, Benedict de Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz, 1960-08-23 Founded in the mid-17th century, Rationalism was philosophy's first step into the modern era. This volume contains the essential statements of Rationalism's three greatest figures: Descartes, who began it; Spinoza, who epitomized it; and Leibniz, who gave it its last serious expression.
  spinoza and leibniz: Readings in Modern Philosophy, Vol. 1 Roger Ariew, Eric Watkins, 2000-01-01 This anthology offers the key works of Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz in their entirety or in substantial selections, along with a rich selection of associated texts by other leading thinkers of the period.
  spinoza and leibniz: The Oxford Handbook of Descartes and Cartesianism Steven M. Nadler, Tad M. Schmaltz, Delphine Antoine-Mahut, 2019 An illustrious team of scholars offer a rich survey of the thought of Rene Descartes; of the development of his ideas by those who followed in his footsteps; and of the reaction against Cartesianism. Epistemology, method, metaphysics, physics, mathematics, moral philosophy, political thought, medical thought, and aesthetics are all covered.
  spinoza and leibniz: Leibniz , 1972
  spinoza and leibniz: The Minds of the Moderns Janice Thomas, 2009-01-01
  spinoza and leibniz: The Cambridge Companion to Bach John Butt, 1997-06-26 The Cambridge Companion to Bach, first published in 1997, goes beyond a basic life-and-works study to provide a late twentieth-century perspective on J. S. Bach the man and composer. The book is divided into three parts. Part One is concerned with the historical context, the society, beliefs and the world-view of Bach's age. The second part discusses the music and Bach's compositional style, while Part Three considers Bach's influence and the performance and reception of his music through the succeeding generations. This Companion benefits from the insights and research of some of the most distinguished Bach scholars, and from it the reader will gain a notion of the diversity of current thought on this great composer.
  spinoza and leibniz: A Book Forged in Hell Steven Nadler, 2011-10-09 When it appeared in 1670, Baruch Spinoza's Theological-Political Treatise was denounced as the most dangerous book ever published. Religious and secular authorities saw it as a threat to faith, social and political harmony, and everyday morality, and its author was almost universally regarded as a religious subversive and political radical who sought to spread atheism throughout Europe. Steven Nadler tells the story of this book: its radical claims and their background in the philosophical, religious, and political tensions of the Dutch Golden Age, as well as the vitriolic reaction these ideas inspired. A vivid story of incendiary ideas and vicious backlash, A Book Forged in Hell will interest anyone who is curious about the origin of some of our most cherished modern beliefs--Jacket p. [2].
  spinoza and leibniz: Classical Arabic Philosophy , 2007-03-15 This volume introduces the major classical Arabic philosophers through substantial selections from the key works (many of which appear in translation for the first time here) in each of the fields--including logic, philosophy of science, natural philosophy, metaphysics, ethics, and politics--to which they made significant contributions. An extensive Introduction situating the works within their historical, cultural, and philosophical contexts offers support to students approaching the subject for the first time, as well as to instructors with little or no formal training in Arabic thought. A glossary, select bibliography, and index are also included.
  spinoza and leibniz: Interpreting Spinoza Charlie Huenemann, 2010-02-11 The philosophy of Spinoza is increasingly recognised as holding a position of crucial importance and influence in early modern thought, and in previous years has been the focus of a rich and growing body of scholarship. In this volume of essays, leading experts in the field offer penetrating analyses of his views about God, necessity, imagination, the mind, knowledge, history, society, and politics. The essays treat questions of perennial importance in Spinoza scholarship but also constitute critical examinations of his worldview. Scholars of modern philosophy will value this volume as a collection of some of the very best work done on Spinoza's philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: Kant and Spinozism B. Lord, 2010-11-30 Beth Lord looks at Kant's philosophy in relation to four thinkers who attempted to fuse transcendental idealism with Spinoza's doctrine of immanence. Examining Jacobi, Herder, Maimon and Deleuze, Lord argues that Spinozism is central to the development of Kant's thought, and opens new avenues for understanding Kant's relation to Deleuze.
  spinoza and leibniz: Looking for Spinoza Antonio R. Damasio, 2003 Publisher Description
  spinoza and leibniz: Leibniz's Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra, 2014 Examines the place and role of the identity of indisernibles, which rules out numerically distinct but perfectly similar things, in Leibniz's philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: Affirming Divergence Alex Tissandier, 2018-05-15 Traces Victorian self-harm through an engagement with literary fiction.
  spinoza and leibniz: Leibniz Nicholas Jolley, 2005 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was hailed as one of the supreme intellects of all time. A towering figure in seventeenth-century philosophy, his complex thought has been championed and satirized in equal measure, most famously in Voltaire's Candide. Jolley introduces Leibniz's theories of mind, knowledge, and innate ideas, showing how Leibniz anticipated the distinction between conscious and unconscious states, before examining his theory of free will and the problem of evil. An important feature of the book is its introduction to Leibniz's moral and political philosophy.
  spinoza and leibniz: Substance and Attribute Christian Kanzian, Muhammad Legenhausen, 2013-05-02 The aim of this volume is to investigate the topic of Substance and Attribute. The way leading to this aim is a dialogue between Islamic and Western Philosophy. Our project is motivated by the observation that the historical roots of Islamic and of Western Philosophy are very similar. Thus some of the articles in this volume are dedicated to the history of philosophy, in Islamic thinking as well as in Western traditions. But the dialogue between Islamic and Western Philosophy is not only an historical issue, it also has systematic relevance for actual philosophical questions. The topic Substance and Attribute particularly has an important history in both traditions; and it has systematic relevance for the actual ontological debate. The volume includes contributions (among others) by Hans Burkhardt, Hans Kraml, Muhammad Legenhausen, Michal Loux, Pedro Schmechtig, Muhammad Shomali, Erwin Tegtmeier, and Daniel von Wachter.
  spinoza and leibniz: Discourse on Metaphysics , 2021-09-09
  spinoza and leibniz: Logic and Existence Jean Hyppolite, 1997-07-31 Logic and Existence, which originally appeared in 1952, completes the project Hyppolite began with Genesis and Structure of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit. Taking up successively the role of language, reflection, and categories in Hegel's Science of Logic, Hyppolite illuminates Hegelianism's most obscure dialectical synthesis: the relation between the phenomenology and the logic. His interpretation of the relation between the phenomenology and the logic has the result of marking a rupture in French thought. Not only does Logic and Existence effectively end the humanistic reading of Hegel popularized by Koje`ve in France before World War II, but also it initiates the great anti-Hegelianism of French philosophy in the sixties. Hyppolite's work displays the originality of Hegel's thought in a new way, and sets up the means by which to escape from it. If the phrase the philosophy of difference defines French anti-Hegelianism, then we have to say that there would be no philosophy of difference without Logic and Existence. Derrida's notion of differance, Deleuze's logic of sense, and Foucault's reconception of history all stem from this book. This first English translation of the virtually unknown Logic and Existence is essential for the understanding of the development of French thought in this century.
  spinoza and leibniz: Reconceiving Spinoza Samuel Newlands, 2018 Samuel Newlands presents a sweeping new interpretation of Spinoza's metaphysical system and the way in which his metaphysics shapes, and is shaped by, his moral program. Engaging with contemporary metaphysics and ethics, Newlands reveals just how exciting and vibrant Spinoza's philosophical outlook remains for philosophers today.
Baruch Spinoza - Wikipedia
Baruch (de) Spinoza [b] (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a …

Baruch Spinoza - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Jun 29, 2001 · Any adequate analysis of Spinoza’s identification of God and Nature will show clearly that Spinoza cannot be a pantheist in the second, …

Benedict de Spinoza | Biography, Ethics, & Facts | B…
May 23, 2025 · Benedict de Spinoza, Dutch Jewish philosopher, one of the foremost exponents of 17th-century Rationalism and one of the early and …

Summary of Spinoza’s Philosophy - Reason and Mea…
Dec 13, 2019 · Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) is best known for identifying God with Nature. He does not see God as the transcendent creator of the …

Baruch Spinoza and the Art of Thinking in Dangerous Times
Feb 5, 2024 · Although Spinoza, then in his late thirties, had previously published only one book, a guide to the fashionable philosophy of René …

Baruch Spinoza - Wikipedia
Baruch (de) Spinoza [b] (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin, who was …

Baruch Spinoza - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Jun 29, 2001 · Any adequate analysis of Spinoza’s identification of God and Nature will show clearly that Spinoza cannot be a pantheist in the second, immanentist sense. For Spinoza, …

Benedict de Spinoza | Biography, Ethics, & Facts | Britannica
May 23, 2025 · Benedict de Spinoza, Dutch Jewish philosopher, one of the foremost exponents of 17th-century Rationalism and one of the early and seminal figures of the Enlightenment. His …

Summary of Spinoza’s Philosophy - Reason and Meaning
Dec 13, 2019 · Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) is best known for identifying God with Nature. He does not see God as the transcendent creator of the world. Rather, he views him as the same …

Baruch Spinoza and the Art of Thinking in Dangerous Times
Feb 5, 2024 · Although Spinoza, then in his late thirties, had previously published only one book, a guide to the fashionable philosophy of René Descartes, he was one of Amsterdam’s most …

Spinoza, Benedict De - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Among philosophers, Spinoza is best known for his Ethics, a monumental work that presents an ethical vision unfolding out of a monistic metaphysics in which God and Nature are identified.

Baruch Spinoza - World History Encyclopedia
Jan 29, 2024 · Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch philosopher who combined rationalism and metaphysics to create a unique system of thought.

Spinoza on Free Will and Freedom - Internet Encyclopedia of …
Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch Jewish rationalist philosopher who is most famous for his Ethics and Theological-Political Treatise.

Spinoza’s Life, Works, and Philosophy - The Spinoza Web
The Spinoza Web is a website that seeks to make the Dutch philosopher Benedictus de Spinoza (1632-1677) accessible to a wide range of users from interested novices to advanced scholars, …

Baruch Spinoza’s Philosophy - philosophiesoflife.org
Baruch Spinoza, born on November 24, 1632, in Amsterdam, is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures of early modern philosophy. Spinoza's life and work unfolded during a …