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| steve biko son: The Great African Society Hlumelo Biko, 2013 The ANC, in its rush for political control, chose power over the people instead of power of the people. History will judge them harshly. Historically, societies tend to wait until it is too late before rich people understand that their wealth can only be secured in a more just society. Only a dramatic, imaginatively crafted intervention -- a massive redistribution programme managed by the private sector, far-reaching policy changes in schooling, housing and health, and better, disciplined governance -- will deliver the genuine liberation South Africas still-poor millions expected from the 1994 settlement. Without it, without the real promise of a free, meritocratic society, South Africa will flounder and fail as corruption, crime, social decay, hopelessness and anger engulf society. This is the compelling thesis of Hlumelo Bikos hard-hitting, thoughtful analysis of South Africas past, present and future, a sobering assessment of where we stand today, and where we need to go. At once unnervingly candid and inspiring, The Great African Society demolishes the complacent optimism that underpins much soft thinking about South Africas future and places at the service of public debate practical, achievable objectives for business, government and civil society. South Africas challenge, the book argues, is to act now to avoid the mounting threat of revolt and decline that would devalue every political and economic achievement of the past decade-and-a-half and leave Nelson Mandelas feted rainbow nation staring decrepitude in the face. Biko, the son of two great South Africans, Steve Biko and Mamphela Ramphele, is generous in acknowledging achievements to date, but unsparing in judging the flaws and failures of the ANC-led government, of business, unions and civil society. He offers a comprehensive survey of the profound and continuing devastation visited on the country by its unjust history, and plain, rational proposals for repairing the damage. No debate from here on about the South African future can be taken seriously without weighing Bikos insights and his warnings. This book is vividly moral in its intentions, but sober and unsentimental in examining political and economic imperatives. It is guaranteed to make the reader sit up and take stock afresh. |
| steve biko son: Steve Biko Traci Wyatt, 2020-07-20 During the mid-1960s to the late 1970s, black college students in South Africa became frustrated with apartheid, Bantu education policy, Bantustans, white liberal organizations, and European-branded Christianity. Their anger with white nationalism under apartheid caused them to mobilize, rise up, and fight against systemic oppression for their liberation. The timing was pregnant with purpose for the new generation of leaders to rise since the ANC and PAC were banned, creating an aboveground silence amongst black anti-apartheid revolutionaries. The reader will be lured into the struggle, blood, loss, tears, and victories of blacks fighting against apartheid in South Africa. Readers will learn about the ideology and way of life adopted by black youth known as black consciousness. The book analyzes how students became so devoted in their beliefs and application of the tenets of black consciousness that it was likened to the gospel message. It describes how the teachings of black consciousness were used as psychological weapons of war to liberate the minds of blacks, white liberals, and the white apartheid regime. The primary focus of this book is on the life, message, and journey of BC’s preeminent leader, Steve Biko, who led the radical movement along with his colleagues to empower his people and encourage the nation to seek and possess truer humanity. His message takes center stage while his life takes several unexpected turns as the system hunts him down. However, the most controversial yet surprising component of this work would be the comparison of Biko’s life and death with Jesus’s life and death at Calvary—from the cradle to the grave. Though Biko was not necessarily a professed Christian, his life’s work and message make chilling parallels to the life of Jesus Christ, which are captured here. This book is bound to awaken the soul and mind of the reader as they become raptured in the intersectionality of race, justice, and faith. |
| steve biko son: Black Consciousness Hlumelo Biko, 2021-09-09 'If Steve Biko were alive today, we would have a country that gladly embraces African culture as the dominant driving force for how society is organised ...' In 1968, two young medical students, Steve Biko and Mamphela Ramphele, fell in love while dreaming of a life free from oppression and racial discrimination. Their love story is also the story of the founding of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) by a group of 15 principled and ambitious students at the University of Natal in Durban in the early 1970s. In this deeply personal book, Hlumelo Biko, who was born of Steve and Mamphela's union, movingly recounts his parents' love story and how the BCM's message of black self-love and self-reliance helped to change the course of South African history. Based on interviews with some of the BCM's founding members, Black Consciousness describes the early years of the movement in vivid detail and sets out its guiding principles around a positive black identity, black theology and the practice of Ubuntu through community-based programmes. In spiritual conversation with his father, Hlumelo re-examines what it takes to live a Black Consciousness life in today's South Africa. He also explains why he believes his father – who was brutally murdered by the apartheid police in 1977 – would have supported true radical economic transformation if he were alive today. |
| steve biko son: Conversations with my sons and daughters Mamphela Ramphele, 2012-10-01 Where did we lose our idealism and why and at what cost?' In these conversations with people of a younger generation Mamphela Ramphele responds to the growing despair among young South Africans about the cracks that are appearing in our system of governance and threatening the idealism of the country that reinvented itself with the dawn of democracy in 1994. She shows incisively how successive post-apartheid ANC governments have betrayed the nation for a culture of impunity among those close to the seat of power, where corruption goes unremarked and accountability has been swept aside. Enduring poverty, inequity and a failing public service, most notably in health and education, are the results. At once challenging and encouraging, Ramphele urges young South Africans - our future leaders - to set aside their fears; to take control of their rights and responsibilities as citizens in upholding the values of the constitution; and to confront the growing inequality that is undermining good governance, social justice and stability. |
| steve biko son: Africa Reimagined Hlumelo Biko, 2019-04-15 Africa Reimagined is a passionately argued appeal for a rediscovery of our African identity. Going beyond the problems of a single country, Hlumelo Biko calls for a reorientation of values, on a continental scale, to suit the needs and priorities of Africans. Building on the premise that slavery, colonialism, imperialism and apartheid fundamentally unbalanced the values and indeed the very self-concept of Africans, he offers realistic steps to return to a more balanced Afro-centric identity. Historically, African values were shaped by a sense of abundance, in material and mental terms, and by strong ties of community. The intrusion of religious, economic and legal systems imposed by conquerors, traders and missionaries upset this balance, and the African identity was subsumed by the values of the newcomers. Biko shows how a reimagining of Africa can restore the sense of abundance and possibility, and what a rebirth of the continent on Pan-African lines might look like. This is not about the churn of the news cycle or party politics – although he identifies the political party as one of the most pernicious legacies of colonialism. Instead, drawing on latest research, he offers a practical, pragmatic vision anchored in the here and now. By looking beyond identities and values imposed from outside, and transcending the divisions and frontiers imposed under colonialism, it should be possible for Africans to develop fully their skills, values and ingenuity, to build institutions that reflect African values, and to create wealth for the benefit of the continent as a whole. |
| steve biko son: Sue Williamson Sue Williamson, Nicholas M. Dawes, 2003 A very special and highly respected South Africa artist, Sue has many links to the international art world. She has exhibited in Cuba, Iceland and Greece. |
| steve biko son: Long Shadows Erna Paris, 2015-05-05 One of the most urgent issues facing the world today is how countries shape historical memory in the aftermath of calamity, making decisions that cast long shadows into the future. Combining gripping storytelling with sharp observation, Erna Paris takes us on an extraordinary journey through four continents to explore how nations reinvent themselves after cataclysmic events. She travels through the United States, with its long-buried memory of slavery; to South Africa, where the Truth and Reconciliation Commission struggles to heal the wounds left by apartheid; to Japan, France, and Germany, where the unresolved pain of Hiroshima and the Holocaust still resonate; and to the former Yugoslavia, where she exposes the cynical shaping of historical memory. Through its insightful analysis, Long Shadows compels us to question where we stand as individuals in relation to our own collective histories. Erna Paris is the winner of ten national and international writing awards, three for Long Shadows. She is the author of six critically acclaimed books of literary non-fiction, including The End of Days: A Story of Tolerance, Tyranny and the Expulsion of the Jews from Spain, which won the 1996 Canadian National Jewish Book Award for History. She lives in Toronto. Winner of the Pearson Writers' Trust Non-Fiction Award, the inaugural Shaugnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing, and the Dorothy Shoichet prize for history from the Canadian Jewish Book Awards. 'Long Shadows is magnificent. I would love to see this book taught in every history class in America.' - Iris Chang, author of The Rape of Nanking 'Enlightening...Riveting...Paris raises questions of enormous importance.' - Kirkus 'Paris convincingly demonstrates that memory is not only selective but subject to calculated efforts to serve personal needs and national interests.' - The Christian Science Monitor 'Erna Paris gives us a rich, if p |
| steve biko son: Call Me Woman Ellen Kuzwayo, 2018-08-28 Like millions of black South Africans made strangers in the land of their birth, Ellen Kuzwayo lost a great deal in her lifetime: the farm in the Orange Free State that had belonged to her family for nearly a hundred years; her hopes for a full and peaceful life for her children; and even her freedom, when, at the age of 63, she found herself detained under the so-called Terrorism Act for an offence never specified. But she never lost her courage. This remarkable autobiography refuses to focus only on the author, for it draws on the unrecorded history of a whole people. In telling her own personal and political story over 70 years. Ellen Kuzwayo speaks for, and with, the women among whom she worked and lived. Their courage and dignity remain a source of wonder and inspiration. |
| steve biko son: Biko Xolela Mangcu, 2013-09-20 Steve Biko was an exceptional and inspirational leader, a pivotal figure in South African history. As a leading anti-apartheid activist and thinker, Biko created the Black Consciousness Movement, the grassroots organisation which would mobilise a large proportion of the black urban population. His death in police custody at the age of just 30 robbed South Africa of one of its most gifted leaders. Although the rudimentary facts of his life - and death - are well known, there has until now been no in-depth book on this major political figure and the impact of his life and tragic death. Xolela Mangcu, who knew Biko, provides the first in-depth look at the life of one of the most iconic figures of the anti-apartheid movement, whose legacy is still felt strongly today, both in South Africa, and worldwide in the global struggle for civil rights. |
| steve biko son: Forgiveness and Revenge Trudy Govier, 2011-02-25 Forgiveness and Revenge is a powerful exploration of our attitudes to serious wrongdoings and a careful examination of the values that underlie our thinking about revenge and forgiveness. From adulterous spouses to terrorist factions, we are surrounded by wrongdoing, yet we rarely agree which response is appropriate. The problem of how to respond realistically and sensitively to the wrongs of the past remains a perplexing one. Trudy Govier clarifies our thinking on this subject by examining the moral and practical impact of revenge and forgiveness, both personal and political. Forgiveness and Revenge offers much-needed clarity and reason where emotions often prevail. It is essential reading for anyone interested in the ethics of attitudes to wrongdoing. |
| steve biko son: Selfless Revolutionaries Allan Boesak, 2022-01-28 At this historic moment of global revolutions for social justice inspired by the Black Lives Matter movement, the philosophy of Black Consciousness has reemerged and gripped the imagination of a new generation, and of the merciless exposure by COVD-19 of the devastating, long-existent fault lines in our societies. Frantz Fanon, James Baldwin, and Steve Biko have been rediscovered and reclaimed. In this powerful book Black liberation theologian and activist Allan Boesak explores the deep connections between Black Consciousness, Black theology, and the struggles against racism, domination, and imperial brutality across the world today. In a careful, meticulous, and sometimes surprising rereading of Steve Biko’s classic, I Write What I Like, Boesak re_ects on the astounding relevance of Black Consciousness for the current academic debates on decolonization and coloniality, Africanity and imperialism, as well as for the struggles for freedom, justice, and human dignity in the streets. With passion, forthrightness, and inspiring eloquence Boesak brings his considerable political experience and deep theological insight to bear in his argument for a global ethic of solidarity and resistance in the ongoing struggles against empire. Beginning with Biko’s “Where do we go from here?,” progressing to Baldwin’s “the _re next time,” and ending with Martin Luther King Jr.’s “_ere is no stopping short of victory,” this is a sobering, hopeful, and inspiring book |
| steve biko son: ThirdWay , 1978-10 Monthly current affairs magazine from a Christian perspective with a focus on politics, society, economics and culture. |
| steve biko son: The Birth of Cool Carol Tulloch, 2016-01-28 It is broadly recognized that black style had a clear and profound influence on the history of dress in the twentieth century, with black culture and fashion having long been defined as 'cool'. Yet despite this high profile, in-depth explorations of the culture and history of style and dress in the African diaspora are a relatively recent area of enquiry. The Birth of Cool asserts that 'cool' is seen as an arbiter of presence, and relates how both iconic and 'ordinary' black individuals and groups have marked out their lives through the styling of their bodies. Focusing on counter- and sub-cultural contexts, this book investigates the role of dress in the creation and assertion of black identity. From the gardenia corsage worn by Billie Holiday to the work-wear of female African-Jamaican market traders, through to the home-dressmaking of black Britons in the 1960s, and the meaning of a polo-neck jumper as depicted in a 1934 self-portrait by African-American artist Malvin Gray Johnson, this study looks at the ways in which the diaspora experience is expressed through self-image. Spanning the late nineteenth century to the modern day, the book draws on ready-made and homemade fashion, photographs, paintings and films, published and unpublished biographies and letters from Britain, Jamaica, South Africa, and the United States to consider how personal style statements reflect issues of racial and cultural difference. The Birth of Cool is a powerful exploration of how style and dress both initiate and confirm change, and the ways in which they expresses identity and resistance in black culture. |
| steve biko son: Inside Apartheid Janet Levine, 2015-11-24 In Inside Apartheid, South African-born Janet Levine recounts the horrors and struggles she faced against the minority white government’s brutal system of repression from a rare perspective—that of a white woman who worked within the system even as she fought to transform it. With candor and courage, Levine skillfully interweaves her personal story of a privileged white citizen’s growing awareness of the evils of apartheid with a moving account of the increasing violence in and radical polarization of South Africa. Inside Apartheid brings to life both the unsurpassed physical beauty and the institutionalized brutality of the country Levine loves so deeply. We accompany her on a daring trip to the devastated black township of Soweto immediately following the unrest in 1976. There she visits the home of a “colored” family with no way out of apartheid induced poverty. On a journey through the “black” homelands where Levine discovers firsthand the horrifying evidence of the long-term genocide of three million people. As a student activist, as a journalist, and as an elected member of the Johannesburg City Council, Levine openly attacked the government’s policies in hundreds of speeches and articles, led election campaigns for one of her mentors, member of Parliament Helen Suzman, and was associated with Steve Biko and other less internationally famous but equally important South African figures. Levine was a founding member of the first black taxi co-operative in South Africa, and instrumental in having hundreds of illegally fired black workers reinstated with back pay after the Johannesburg strikes of 1980. We feel Levine’s pain when she finally asks soul-searching questions about the effectiveness of being a white activist. Inside Apartheid, with such honest witness-bearing, may be her most important act of all. |
| steve biko son: The Testimony of Steve Biko Steve Biko, 2017-10-01 What comes first to mind when one thinks of political trials in South Africa are the Rivonia Trial of 1956–61 and the Treason Trial of 1963–64. Rarely, if ever, is the 1976 SASO/BPC trial mentioned in the same breath and yet it was perhaps the most political trial of all. The defendants, all members of the South African Students Organisation, or the Black People’s Convention, were in the dock for having the temerity to think; to have opinions; to envisage a more just and humane society. It was a trial about ideas, but as it unfolded it became a trial of the entire philosophy of Black Consciousness and those who championed its cause. On 2 May 1976, senior counsel for the defence in the trial of nine black activists in Pretoria called to the witness stand Stephen Bantu Biko. Although Biko was known to the authorities, and indeed was serving a banning order, not much about the man was known by anyone outside of his colleagues and the Black Consciousness Movement. That was about to change with his appearance as a witness in the SASO/BPC case. He entered the courtroom known to some, but after his four-day testimony he left as a celebrity known to all. |
| steve biko son: Children and the Politics of Culture Sharon Stephens, 2021-02-09 The bodies and minds of children--and the very space of children--are under assault. This is the message we receive from daily news headlines about violence, sexual abuse, exploitation, and neglect of children, and from a proliferation of books in recent years representing the domain of contemporary childhood as threatened, invaded, polluted, and stolen by adults. Through a series of essays that explore the global dimensions of children at risk, an international group of researchers and policymakers discuss the notion of children's rights, and in particular the claim that every child has a right to a cultural identity. Explorations of children's situations in Japan, Korea, Singapore, South Africa, England, Norway, the United States, Brazil, and Germany reveal how children's everyday lives and futures are often the stakes in contemporary battles that adults wage over definitions of cultural identity and state cultural policies. Throughout this volume, the authors address the complex and often ambiguous implications of the concept of rights. For example, it may be used to defend indigenous children from radically assimilationist or even genocidal state policies; but it may also be used to legitimate racist institutions. A substantive introduction by the editor examines global political economic frameworks for the cultural debates affecting children and traces intriguing, sometimes surprising, threads throughout the papers. In addition to the editor, the contributors are Norma Field, Marilyn Ivy, Mary John, Hae-joang Cho, Saya Shiraishi, Vivienne Wee, Pamela Reynolds, Kathleen Hall, Ruth Mandel, Manuela Carneiro da Cunha, and Njabulo Ndebele. |
| steve biko son: Unfinished Business Terry Bell, Dumisa Buhle Ntsebeza, 2003 This book pulls back the curtain on the 'political miracle' of the new South Africa. |
| steve biko son: Dreams, Betrayal and Hope Mamphela Ramphele, 2017-04-18 The dream of 1994 has been betrayed. A dream that imagined equality, a thriving economy, and a just and prosperous future for all. But poverty has deepened, corruption is rampant, and social tensions are on the rise. The country needs to hope again. In this thoughtful analysis of what’s right and wrong in South Africa, Mamphela Ramphele speaks candidly about her own brief foray into party politics, considers the insights of black consciousness and other ideologies, and looks for solutions to the country’s problems. She argues that the political settlement of the 1990s needs to be accompanied by an ‘emotional settlement’ that will heal the trauma of colonialism and apartheid, and a ‘socio-economic settlement’ to promote social justice and equality for all. She seeks ways of reimagining the country and its future, and suggests innovative ways to solve the education crisis, to renew our cities, and to achieve a just and reconciled South Africa. ‘It is time,’ she says, ‘to reimagine the country and its future. We owe this to our children’s children. We dare not fail.’ |
| steve biko son: Fanonian Practices in South Africa F. Fanon, Nigel Gibson, 2014-11-11 Examines Frantz Fanon's relevance to contemporary South African politics and by extension research on postcolonial Africa and the tragic development of postcolonies. Scholar Nigel C. Gibson offers theoretically informed historical analysis, providing insights into the circumstances that led to the current hegemony of neoliberalism in South Africa. |
| steve biko son: Clothed with the Sun Joyce Hollyday, 1994-01-01 A contributing editor for Sojourners magazine introduces readers to women in the Bible--many of them unfamiliar--in 50 meditations that are grounded in the lives of biblical women. The meditations are designed to be used throughout the year, and questions for group discussion are included. |
| steve biko son: Out of My Mind W. J. de Kock, 2014-03-25 We need a whole new mind to thrive in the twenty-first century, says Daniel Pink. As theologians we cannot escape the transition from the information age to the conceptual age of the twenty-first century. In the information age the theologian could give answers based on the best information, but in the twenty-first century information is on hand. Empathy and understanding however are in scant supply today. In the information age there was no room for doubt; certainty was the hallmark of a successful information worker. But today uncertainty is a certainty, thanks to globalization, the information revolution and even quantum mechanics. Uncertainty has been grafted into our collective consciousness. It therefore cannot be theological business as usual. It cannot be about giving answers; it is more about finding the best questions to be answered. It cannot be about winning theological arguments; it is more about living in God's regenerative story while we find ourselves in the liminal space of uncertainty. It cannot be about holding strong opinions; it is more about creating space for life, to allow God's generosity to flow through us. Out of My Mind tells the story of such a transition. |
| steve biko son: Biko , 2007 Thirty years ago, on 12 September 1977, Bantu Stephen Biko, one of South Africa's greatest leaders and philosophers, was murdered in detention by the apartheid regime. The Apartheid Museum, in partnership with the Department of Education and the Steve Biko Foundation, seeks to honour Biko's memory by staging this major exhibition to commemorate his contribution to lifting the veil of oppression in our country. Unlike Biko, many others who died in detention for their opposition to apartheid have sunk into obscurity. This book pays tribute to all 115 people who died in South African prisons from 1963 to 1990 in their quest for a better world. |
| steve biko son: No One to Blame? George Bizos, 1998 The Author sought to uncover the states role in eliminating its opponents during the apartheid era in South Africa. |
| steve biko son: Across Boundaries Mamphela Ramphele, 1999 A memoir of loss and triumph by one of South Africa's most powerful women--now in paperback. |
| steve biko son: New Dictionary of South African Biography E. J. Verwey, 1995 This series of publications aims to fill the gaps in our history, highlighting in particular the significant roles played by black leaders form all walks of life. |
| steve biko son: Negative Emotions and Transitional Justice Mihaela Mihai, 2016-03-22 Vehement resentment and indignation are pervasive in societies emerging from dictatorship or civil conflict. How can institutions channel these emotions without undermining the prospects for democracy? Emphasizing the need to recognize and constructively engage negative public emotions, Mihaela Mihai contributes theoretically and practically to the growing field of transitional justice. Drawing on an extensive philosophical literature and case studies of democratic transitions in South Africa, South America, and Eastern Europe, her book rescues negative emotions from their bad reputation and highlights the obstacles and the opportunities such emotions create for democracy. By valorizing negative emotions, either through the judicial review of transitional justice bills or the criminal trials of victimizers, institutions realize the value of respect and concern for all while contributing to a culture that is hospitable to democracy. |
| steve biko son: Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa Lyn S. Graybill, 2002 Graybill (mind and human interaction, U. of Virginia) provides students not only the facts about the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, but also the broader context in which it operated. She asks whether it led to reconciliation and healing, what criteria were used to decide whether to pardon or punish, whether politics necessitated the compromise, and other questions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| steve biko son: 100 Bible Films Matthew Page, 2022-05-19 Choice Outstanding Academic Title 2023 From The Passion of the Christ to Life of Brian, and from The Ten Commandments to Last Temptation of Christ, filmmakers have been adapting the stories of the Bible for over 120 years, from the first time the Höritz Passion Play was filmed in the Czech Republic back in 1897. Ever since, these stories have inspired musicals, comedies, sci-fi, surrealist visions and the avant-garde not to mention spawning their own genre, the biblical epic. Filmmakers across six continents and from all kinds of religious perspectives (or none at all), have adapted the greatest stories ever told, delighting some and infuriating others. 100 Bible Films is the indispensable guide to this wide and varied output, providing an authoritative but accessible history of biblical adaptations through one hundred of the most interesting and significant biblical films. Richly illustrated with film stills, this book depicts how such films have undertaken a complex negotiation between art, commerce, entertainment and religion. Matthew Page traces the screen history of the biblical stories from the very earliest silent passion plays, via the golden ages of the biblical epic, through to more innovative and controversial later films as well as covering significant TV adaptations. He discusses films made not only by some of our greatest filmmakers, artists such as Martin Scorsese, Jean Luc Godard, Alice Guy, Roberto Rossellini, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Lotte Reiniger, Carl Dreyer and Luis Buñuel, but also those looking to explore their faith or share it with lovers of cinema the world over. |
| steve biko son: Fashion Theory Malcolm Barnard, 2020-08-03 This thoroughly revised and updated edition of Fashion Theory: A Reader brings together and presents a wide range of essays on fashion theory that will engage and inform both the general reader and the specialist student of fashion. From apparently simple and accessible theories concerning what fashion is to seemingly more difficult or challenging theories concerning globalisation and new media, this collection contextualises different theoretical approaches to identify, analyse and explain the remarkable diversity, complexity and beauty of what we understand and experience every day as fashion and clothing. This second edition contains entirely new sections on fashion and sustainability, fashion and globalisation, fashion and digital/social media and fashion and the body/prosthesis. It also contains updated and revised sections on fashion, identity and difference, and on fashion and consumption and fashion as communication. More specifically, the section on identity and difference has been updated to include contemporary theoretical debates surrounding Islam and fashion, and LGBT+ communities and fashion and the section on consumption now includes theories of 'prosumption'. Each section has a specialist and dedicated Editor's Introduction which provides essential conceptual background, theoretical contextualisation and critical summaries of the readings in each section. Bringing together the most influential and ground breaking writers on fashion and exposing the ideas and theories behind what they say, this unique collection of extracts and essays brings to light the presuppositions involved in the things we all think and say about fashion. This second edition of Fashion Theory: A Reader is a timeless and invaluable resource for both the general reader and undergraduate students across a range of disciplines including sociology, cultural studies and fashion studies. |
| steve biko son: The Twentieth Century R. Keith Schoppa, 2021 Never before had any century in history known the continually accelerating rate and scope of change experienced in the twentieth century -- with its revolutionary discoveries, technological inventions, political upheaval, and scientific advances, radical transformation touched virtually every arena of life. In The Twentieth Century: A World History, R. Keith Schoppa uses a global lens spanning Africa, the Middle East, Russia, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, and the Americas. He traces the major developments of the twentieth century from the rise of globalization to the dawn of the digital age; from the Great War of 1914-18 to the great war in Africa, conflicts that span the first genocide of the century in Namibia to that of Bosnia-Kosovo in the late 1990s. It was the century of the refugee, as the explosion of human violence caused significant population displacement-and it was also the century of indigenous peoples fighting off the lingering impacts of imperialism. This volume surveys various U.S. struggles in battles for civil rights, and witnesses the 1992 collapse of Soviet communism. The century ended in a spasm of violence: four African and European national genocides and the African war, one of the ten deadliest in history, involving nine nations, leaving 6 million dead and 5.4 million refugees. From the collapse of empires to the rise of decolonized nation-states on the global stage, The Twentieth Century: A World History offers a rich chronological narrative of our recent past and provides a valuable historical standpoint from which to view our twenty-first century world. |
| steve biko son: Jet , 1998-04-20 The weekly source of African American political and entertainment news. |
| steve biko son: Remembering Transitions Ksenia Robbe, 2023-10-04 This volume offers critical perspectives on memories of political and socioeconomic ‘transitions’ that took place between the 1970s and 1990s across the globe and that inaugurated the end of the Cold War. The essays respond to a wealth of recent works of literature, film, theatre, and other media in different languages that rethink the transformations of those decades in light of present-day crises. The authors scrutinize the enduring silences produced by established frameworks of memory and time and explore the mnemonic practices that challenge these frameworks by positing radical ambivalence or by articulating new perspectives and subjectivities. As a whole, the volume contributes to current debates and theory-making in critical memory studies by reflecting on how the changing recollection of transitions constitutes a response to the crisis of memory and time regimes, and how remembering these times as crises renders visible continuities between this past and the present. It is a valuable resource for academics, students, practitioners, and general readers interested in exploring the dynamics of memory in post-authoritarian societies. |
| steve biko son: Jet , 1997-09-29 The weekly source of African American political and entertainment news. |
| steve biko son: Commonwealth Currents , 2001 |
| steve biko son: The War Hotel Arlene Audergon, 2004-12-10 Human Nature is the fuel of violent conflict. The War Hotel looks at how we get aroused and how we get silenced into violent conflict. We are pulled apart in the name of justice and loyalty. Past trauma is triggered into a replay. Out of love and longing to step beyond the ordinary world, we sacrifice ourselves and others. Dehumanizing the enemy, disinformation, torture, stirring fear in order to crack down - these terror tactics, too, are based in psychology. The manipulation of psychological dynamics to create violent conflict is distressing. But, if our emotions and behaviour are the fuel, then our awareness can impact world events. There is something truly hopeful here. Awareness makes a difference. Examples draw particularly from the author's work in the Balkans. Other examples include Nazi Germany, Rwanda, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Communism and its fall in Europe, South Africa, the treatment of Native Americans and African Americans in the USA, Vietnam and the 'war on terror'. |
| steve biko son: Forgiveness Michael Henderson, 2003 Describes a series of situations in which people are reconciled to some injustice and manage to come to a better understanding and, sometimes, to forgive . . .For anyone interested in the subject, I would highly recommend it. --Rachel Billington, Inside Time in the National Newspaper for Prisoners How could survivors of the Burma Road, the Siberian Gulag, or Nazi atrocities forgive those who harmed them? How can representatives of entire populations--Australian Aborigines, African Americans, and black South Africans--be reconciled with whites who exploited them? And how can the offenders find the grace to apologize? Michael Henderson writes about dozens of remarkable people of many nations and faiths who have, by repentance and forgiveness, been able to break the chain of hate through repentance and forgiveness. |
| steve biko son: Africa Today , 2001 |
| steve biko son: Dictionary of African Biography Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong, Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr., 2012-02-02 From the Pharaohs to Fanon, Dictionary of African Biography provides a comprehensive overview of the lives of the men and women who shaped Africa's history. Unprecedented in scale, DAB covers the whole continent from Tunisia to South Africa, from Sierra Leone to Somalia. It also encompasses the full scope of history from Queen Hatsheput of Egypt (1490-1468 BC) and Hannibal, the military commander and strategist of Carthage (243-183 BC), to Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana (1909-1972), Miriam Makeba and Nelson Mandela of South Africa (1918 -). |
| steve biko son: Biko - Cry Freedom Donald Woods, 1987-11-15 A revised edition, this text presents a biography of the life and concerns of Steve Biko. |
| steve biko son: Justice in Transition - Prosecution and Amnesty in Germany and South Africa Gerhard Werle, 2006-01-01 The project on 'Criminal Justice and the East German Past' held an international symposium ... from 6 to 9 April 2005 at the Humboldt University in Berlin--Page v. |
Music Corner - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
4 days ago · Music Corner. The place to discuss music! Be it your favorite recordings, the mastering work of SH, or anything else related to music, this is the place to be.
Visual Arts - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
Apr 30, 2020 · Discussions about Movies & Television, DVDs, Photography (both digital and film). Basically, if you wish to discuss anything that can be seen, go here! Note: please keep …
Upcoming Zappa Release: Cheaper Than Cheep - Steve Hoffman …
Jan 15, 2025 · There’s news of this in the All Things Frank Zappa thread posted by @Zongadude Wasn’t sure if it had it’s own thread. [IMG] "Cheaper Than Cheep"...
Beatles Upcoming Releases: group or solo | Page 1730 | Steve …
Jul 28, 2022 · Right haha. Well, Apple just did this with reissuing the mono box. At least SGT Pepper SDE on vinyl would be a first for the box set on that format, rather than standard reissue.
Beatles Upcoming Releases: group or solo - Steve Hoffman Music …
Jul 28, 2022 · We may want to open a thread on Beatles Universe: Upcoming Releases or something to that effect. When we received multiple release info, we are not going to track …
Paul Weller's new covers album “Find El Dorado” out July 25th 2025*
May 19, 2025 · With quasi-pub rock live-workhorse performances - most of Weller's covers, just like the Studio 150 album, rarely reveal songs' hidden or unheard potential, while committing …
2025 vinyl reissue | Page 46 - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 29, 2025 · Steve Hoffman Music Forums. Home Forums > Discussions > Music Corner > The Beatles in Mono - 2025 vinyl ...
Audio Hardware - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 27, 2024 · Discussions about all types of audio hardware, from vintage gear to the latest in hi-rez. Discussions regarding CD recorders, media, software, and tweaks are also to be found …
2025 vinyl reissue | Page 191 - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 29, 2025 · I'm inclined to agree with Steve on the PPM LP being a mediocre dub of the single master with a bit of echo and compression. It just sounds so much sharper and more exciting …
The Wildest Things We’d Ever Seen: Bruce Springsteen Song-by …
Sep 7, 2024 · I’m a big Steve fan. I root for him. But as the 80s progressed, he just got really goofy and cartoonish, as did his music. He kind of played his way into oblivion, and I pretty …
Music Corner - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
4 days ago · Music Corner. The place to discuss music! Be it your favorite recordings, the mastering work of SH, or anything else related to music, this is the place to be.
Visual Arts - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
Apr 30, 2020 · Discussions about Movies & Television, DVDs, Photography (both digital and film). Basically, if you wish to discuss anything that can be seen, go here! Note: please keep …
Upcoming Zappa Release: Cheaper Than Cheep - Steve Hoffman …
Jan 15, 2025 · There’s news of this in the All Things Frank Zappa thread posted by @Zongadude Wasn’t sure if it had it’s own thread. [IMG] "Cheaper Than Cheep"...
Beatles Upcoming Releases: group or solo | Page 1730 | Steve …
Jul 28, 2022 · Right haha. Well, Apple just did this with reissuing the mono box. At least SGT Pepper SDE on vinyl would be a first for the box set on that format, rather than standard reissue.
Beatles Upcoming Releases: group or solo - Steve Hoffman Music …
Jul 28, 2022 · We may want to open a thread on Beatles Universe: Upcoming Releases or something to that effect. When we received multiple release info, we are not going to track down …
Paul Weller's new covers album “Find El Dorado” out July 25th 2025*
May 19, 2025 · With quasi-pub rock live-workhorse performances - most of Weller's covers, just like the Studio 150 album, rarely reveal songs' hidden or unheard potential, while committing the …
2025 vinyl reissue | Page 46 - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 29, 2025 · Steve Hoffman Music Forums. Home Forums > Discussions > Music Corner > The Beatles in Mono - 2025 vinyl ...
Audio Hardware - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 27, 2024 · Discussions about all types of audio hardware, from vintage gear to the latest in hi-rez. Discussions regarding CD recorders, media, software, and tweaks are also to be found here.
2025 vinyl reissue | Page 191 - Steve Hoffman Music Forums
May 29, 2025 · I'm inclined to agree with Steve on the PPM LP being a mediocre dub of the single master with a bit of echo and compression. It just sounds so much sharper and more exciting on …
The Wildest Things We’d Ever Seen: Bruce Springsteen Song-by …
Sep 7, 2024 · I’m a big Steve fan. I root for him. But as the 80s progressed, he just got really goofy and cartoonish, as did his music. He kind of played his way into oblivion, and I pretty much wrote …
