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| stone conservation techniques: Stone Conservation C. A. Price, 1996-09-05 Is research in stone conservation “on the rocks?” This volume, part of the GCI's Research in Conservation series, offers an in-depth critical appraisal of the status of stone conservation research today, identifying areas of strength and weakness in the field as a whole. C. A. Price, a noted British archaeological conservation scientist, discusses recent research on the causes of stone decay, as well as current preventive measures, assessment tools, and treatment durability. He also reviews current research on methods of evaluating the effectiveness of these methodologies and treatments. The book includes a comprehensive survey of the literature, draws from conversations with professionals in the field, and provides recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of research, including the improvement of training, symposia, and research programs and the establishment of conservation policy. |
| stone conservation techniques: Advanced Materials for the Conservation of Stone Majid Hosseini, Ioannis Karapanagiotis, 2018-01-22 This book identifies novel advanced materials that can be utilized as protective agents for the preservation of stone. The innovative solutions to stone conservation presented here result in increased sustainability, reduced environmental impact, and increased social and economic benefits. It provides an overview of recent trends and progress in advanced materials applied to stone protection. It also explores the scientific principles behind these advanced materials and discusses their applications to diff erent types of stone preservation efforts. Essential information as well as knowledge on the availability and applicability of advanced nanostructured materials is also provided, with focus placed on the practical aspects of stone protection. Th e book highlights an interdisciplinary eff ort regarding novel applications of nanostructured materials in the advancement of stone protection. It provides insight towards forthcoming developments in the fi eld. Advanced nanostructured materials are designed and developed with the aim of being chemically, physically, and mechanically compatible with stone. Advanced materials for stone conservation that are characterized by several functional properties are considered in this book. These include the physico-chemical, protective, and morphological properties, eco-toxicity, and mechanisms of degradation. The authors present a thorough overview of cutting–edge discoveries, detailed information on recent technological developments, breakthroughs in novel nanomaterials, utilization strategies for applications in cultural heritage, and the current status and future outlook of the topic to address a wide range of scientific communities. |
| stone conservation techniques: Epoxy Resins in Stone Conservation Charles Selwitz, 1992-08-27 This book presents a review of research on the use of epoxy resins as consolidants for sculpture and buildings. It deals with both the methods and materials used by conservators, focusing on a detailed chemistry of the materials as well as the practical methods of application. Epoxy resins have been widely used as structural adhesives to repair cracks in commercial and historic buildings, but the application of this technology to the stabilization of fragile stone has generally failed. However, the proper formulation of epoxy systems with solvents has solved problems of viscosity, penetration, crust formation, and discoloration, leading to two different schools of treatment detailed in the publication. Conservators in Europe have concentrated on the treatment of statuary and isolated sections of structures, with alcohol solutions of the resins maintained in contact with the surface for a period of time in order to get deep penetration. In the United States, treatment has focused on stabilizing entire structures or major portions of buildings by spraying them with acetone solutions of epoxy resins. The various techniques of application are discussed and evaluated. The book seeks to provide an expanded inventory of these different techniques allowing the conservator to make informed judgments. |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone Conservation: Principles and Practice Alison Henry, 2015-12-08 Winner of the RIBA Book Award, this important and timely publication brings together contributions from leading stone conservation practitioners. It discusses the philosophical principles on which stone conservation is founded and the need to understand the full history and development of a building before starting work. Other topics covered in this book include consolidation, cleaning, and the replacement of stone; conservation of different stone types, including limestone, sandstone, and marble; problems of dealing with polychrome stone; and finally, issues relating to church monuments and graveyards, taking account of the need for good maintenance and health and safety requirements. The book is illustrated with the authors' own examples of stone conservation in practice. Architects, surveyors and craftsmen involved in the conservation of stone structures will find this both a practical and useful reference work. |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone Conservation Clifford A. Price, Eric Doehne, 2011-02-15 First published in 1996, this volume has been substantially updated to reflect new research in the conservation of stone monuments, sculpture, and archaeological sites. |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone Conservation: Principles and Practice Alison Henry, 2015-12-08 Winner of the RIBA Book Award, this important and timely publication brings together contributions from leading stone conservation practitioners. It discusses the philosophical principles on which stone conservation is founded and the need to understand the full history and development of a building before starting work. Other topics covered in this book include consolidation, cleaning, and the replacement of stone; conservation of different stone types, including limestone, sandstone, and marble; problems of dealing with polychrome stone; and finally, issues relating to church monuments and graveyards, taking account of the need for good maintenance and health and safety requirements. The book is illustrated with the authors' own examples of stone conservation in practice. Architects, surveyors and craftsmen involved in the conservation of stone structures will find this both a practical and useful reference work. |
| stone conservation techniques: Alkoxysilanes and the Consolidation of Stone George Wheeler, 2005 Stone is one of the oldest building materials, and its conservation ranks as one of the most challenging in the field. The use of alkoxysilanes in the conservation of stone can be traced as far back as 1861, when A. W. von Hoffman suggested their use for the deteriorating limestone on the Houses of Parliament in London. Alkoxysilane-based formulations have since become the material of choice for the consolidation of stone outdoors.l This volume, the first to cover comprehensively alkoxysilanes in stone consolidation, synthesizes the subject's vast and extensive literature, which ranges from production of alkoxysilanes in the nineteenth century to the extensive contributions from sol-gel science in the 1980s and 90s. Included are a historical overview, an annotated bibliography, and discussions of the following topics: the chemistry and physics of alkoxysilanes and their gels; the influence of stone type; commercial and noncommercial formulations; practice; lab and field evaluation of service life; and recent developments. This book is designed for conservators, scientists, and preservation architects in the field of stone conservation and will also serve as an indispensable introduction to the subject for students of art conservation and historic preservation. |
| stone conservation techniques: Conservation of Historic Stone Buildings and Monuments , 1982 |
| stone conservation techniques: Conservation Practices on Archaeological Excavations Corrado Pedelì, Stefano Pulga, 2014-02-01 The relationship between archaeology and conservation has long been complex and, at times, challenging. Archaeologists are often seen as interested principally in excavation and research, while conservators are concerned mainly with stabilization and the prevention of deterioration. Yet it is often initial conservation in the field that determines the long-term survival and intelligibility of both moveable artifacts and fixed architectural features. This user-friendly guide to conservation practices on archaeological excavations covers both structures and artifacts, starting from the moment when they are uncovered. Individual chapters discuss excavation and conservation, environmental and soil issues, deterioration, identification and condition assessment, detachment and removal, initial cleaning, coverings and shelters, packing, and documentation. There are also eight appendixes. Geared primarily for professionals engaged in the physical practice of excavation, this book will also interest archaeologists, archaeological conservators, site managers, conservation scientists, museum curators, and students of archaeology and conservation. |
| stone conservation techniques: Conserving Stone Heritage Francesca Gherardi, Pagona Noni Maravelaki, 2022 The design of treatments for the conservation of stone in historical buildings and works of art is a challenging task, as a deep understanding of the working properties and performance of the available products and methods is required to tackle complex decay patterns. The chapters in this book illustrate the state of the art on traditional and innovative materials and methods for stone conservation, examining current trends and future perspectives. Each of them is focused on describing the consequent phases that complement the spectrum of the conservation intervention: preliminary investigations, condition assessment, and mapping of the deterioration patterns; surface cleaning, with a specific focus on laser technology; consolidation; protection; repair mortars and grouts; and onsite assessment and monitoring of conservation treatments. The performance of the applied conservation interventions is criticized and discussed with an aim of providing the specialists with specific tools for stone conservation. This book intends to bridge the gap between laboratory studies and conservation interventions, by linking together the diverse scientific areas involved in the preservation of stone heritage. Different case studies are included, highlighting specific conservation challenges and their solutions in order to understand and overcome them. The aim is to guide conservators, conservation scientists and heritage stakeholders in the selection of compatible and sustainable materials and techniques for Conserving Stone Heritage. |
| stone conservation techniques: Non-Destructive Testing Fausto Pedro García Márquez, Mayorkinos Papaelias, Noor Zaman, 2016-07-27 Non-destructive testing (NDT) is based on inspection methodologies that do not require the change or destruction of the component or system under evaluation. Numerous NDT techniques are increasingly used, thanks to the recent advances in sensing technologies, data acquisition, data storage and signal processing. Inspection information is widely employed in order to make effective maintenance decisions based on the defects identified, their location and severity. This book presents the main advances recently made on different NDT techniques, together with the principal approaches employed to process the signals obtained during inspection. |
| stone conservation techniques: Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone V. Fassina, 2000-06-13 The conservation of historic monuments, sites and structures constitutes an inter-professional discipline co-ordinating a range of aesthetic historic, scientific and technical methods. Conservation is a rapidly developing field, which, by its true nature, is a multidisciplinary activity with experts respecting one another's contributions and combining to form an effective team. Conservation is an artistic activity aided by scientific and historical knowledge.Main topics at this Congress included: - the most appropriate methodology for the assessment of the degree of weathering of stone - development of new methods and instruments for the diagnosis of the state of conservation, for the study of alteration mechanisms and for conservation treatments. - the definition of Technical European Standard Methods for the evaluation of conservation treatments of artistic and historic stone objects and monuments. |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone in Architecture Erhard Winkler, 2013-03-14 The readers of the first two editions of Stone: Properties, Durabi lity in Man's Environment, were mostly architects, restoration architects of buildings and monuments in natural stone, profes sionals who sought basic technical information for non-geologists. The increasing awareness of rapidly decaying monuments and their rescue from loss to future generations have urged this writer to update the 1973 and 1975 editions, now unavailable and out of print. Due to the 20-year-Iong interval, extensive updating was necessary to produce this new book. The present edition concentrates on the natural material stone, as building stone, dimension stone, architectural stone, and decorative field stones. Recently, the use of stone for thin curtain walls on buildings has become fashionable. The thin slabs exposed to anew, unknown complexity of stresses, resulting in bowing of crystalline marble, has attracted much negative pUblicity. The costs of replacing white slabs of marble on entire buildings with its legal implications have led construction com panies into bankruptcy. We blame many environmental problems on acid rain. Does acid rain really accelerate stone decay that much? Stone preservation is being attempted with an ever-increasing number of chemicals applied by as many specialists to save crumbling stone. Chemists filled this need during a time of temporary job scarcity, while the general geologist missed this opportunity; he was too deeply involved in the search for fossil fuels and metals. |
| stone conservation techniques: Irish Stone Walls Pat McAfee, 2011 Number One Bestseller A unique history and 'how to' book on one of Ireland's most distinctive landscape features - the stone wall. The Irish countryside is a patchwork of over 250,000 miles of stone wall. Built from local stone according to the style of each region - dry stone in the West and the Mourne mountains or mortar elsewhere - these walls are an intrinsic part of the landscape. This unique guide by expert stone mason Pat McAfee covers the history of this ancient tradition, giving illustrated examples and step-by-step instructions on constructing, conserving and repairing stone walls of all types - whether dry stone or mortar. It includes: History of stone in Ireland How to build dry stone and mortar walls Basic and more advanced techniques Dos and don'ts of repair work Appropriate conservation methods |
| stone conservation techniques: History of Restoration of Ancient Stone Sculptures Janet Burnett Grossman, Jerry Podany, Marion True, 2003-12-25 The nineteen papers in this volume stem from a symposium that brought together academics, archaeologists, museum curators, conservators, and a practicing marble sculptor to discuss varying approaches to restoration of ancient stone sculpture. Contributors and their subjects include Marion True and Jerry Podany on changing approaches to conservation; Seymour Howard on restoration and the antique model; Nancy H. Ramage’s case study on the relationship between a restorer, Vincenzo Pacetti, and his patron, Luciano Bonaparte; Mette Moltesen on de-restoring and re-restoring in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek; Miranda Marvin on the Ludovisi collection; and Andreas Scholl on the history of restoration of ancient sculptures in the Altes Museum in Berlin. The book also features contributions by Elizabeth Bartman, Brigitte Bourgeois, Jane Fejfer, Angela Gallottini, Sascha Kansteiner, Giovanna Martellotti, Orietta Rossi Pinelli, Peter Rockwell, Edmund Southworth, Samantha Sportun, and Markus Trunk. Charles Rhyne summarizes the themes, approaches, issues, and questions raised by the symposium. |
| stone conservation techniques: Conserving Stone Heritage Francesca Gherardi, Pagona Noni Maravelaki, 2022-01-12 The design of treatments for the conservation of stone in historical buildings and works of art is a challenging task, as a deep understanding of the working properties and performance of the available products and methods is required to tackle complex decay patterns. The chapters in this book illustrate the state of the art on traditional and innovative materials and methods for stone conservation, examining current trends and future perspectives. Each of them is focused on describing the consequent phases that complement the spectrum of the conservation intervention: preliminary investigations, condition assessment, and mapping of the deterioration patterns; surface cleaning, with a specific focus on laser technology; consolidation; protection; repair mortars and grouts; and onsite assessment and monitoring of conservation treatments. The performance of the applied conservation interventions is criticized and discussed with an aim of providing the specialists with specific tools for stone conservation. This book intends to bridge the gap between laboratory studies and conservation interventions, by linking together the diverse scientific areas involved in the preservation of stone heritage. Different case studies are included, highlighting specific conservation challenges and their solutions in order to understand and overcome them. The aim is to guide conservators, conservation scientists and heritage stakeholders in the selection of compatible and sustainable materials and techniques for Conserving Stone Heritage. |
| stone conservation techniques: Nondestructive Techniques for the Assessment and Preservation of Historic Structures Luisa Maria da Silva Gonçalves, Hugo Rodrigues, Florindo Gaspar, 2017-10-02 New technologies play an increasingly important role in the analysis, monitoring, restoration, and preservation of historic structures. These technological systems continue to get more advanced and complex, for example: 3D digital construction and documentation programming, 3D imaging data (including laser scanning and photogrammetry), multispectral and thermographic imaging, geophysical data, etc. This book will present the latest nondestructive technologies used in the characterization, preservation, and structural health monitoring of historic buildings. It will include numerous case studies, as well as theoretical explanations about each of the methods and technologies used in each. |
| stone conservation techniques: Building Stone Decay European Geosciences Union. General Assembly, Geological Society of London, 2007 Stone buildings and monuments form the cultural centres of many of the world's urban areas. Frequently these areas are prone to high levels of atmospheric pollution that promote a variety of aggressive stone decay processes. Because of this, stone decay is now widely recognised as a severe threat to much of our cultural heritage. An interdisciplinary approach between geologists, environmental scientists, chemists, material scientists, civil engineers, restorers and architects aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with the causes, consequences, prevention and solution of stone decay problems. |
| stone conservation techniques: World Stones Talon Zinc, 2024-10-01 The Timeless Tapestry of Stone: Beauty, Function, and Conservation offers a comprehensive exploration of stones, weaving together their aesthetic value, practical applications, and the urgent need for conservation. This interdisciplinary work traces humanity's relationship with stones from prehistoric tools to modern engineering marvels, highlighting their significance in art, industry, and environmental sustainability. The book presents stones not as inert objects, but as dynamic elements connecting us to Earth's history and human creativity. Structured to guide readers through a logical progression, the book begins with fundamental stone properties before delving into their roles in art, architecture, and mechanical engineering. It culminates in a discussion of conservation efforts and sustainable stone utilization. What sets this work apart is its holistic approach, bridging fields such as geology, anthropology, and environmental science to offer a unique perspective on how stones intersect with human culture and technology. The author draws upon a wide range of evidence, including geological data and cutting-edge materials science research, to support its arguments. Balancing academic rigor with accessibility, The Timeless Tapestry of Stone appeals to both specialists and general readers interested in natural history, engineering, or environmental issues. It offers practical knowledge for artisans and designers while providing theoretical insights for students and professionals in geology and environmental studies. By interweaving scientific knowledge, cultural insights, and practical wisdom, the book invites readers to see stones as bridges connecting our past, present, and future. |
| stone conservation techniques: Advanced Nondestructive and Structural Techniques for Diagnosis, Redesign and Health Monitoring for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Ahmad Osman, Antonia Moropoulou, 2022-06-04 Based on the success of the first published book on “Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitoring Technologies, Documentation, Diagnosis and Preservation of Cultural Heritage”, this book will includes peer reviewed papers submitted to the conference in form of single independent chapters. Each chapter will highlight the benefits of one or more Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods, image processing and data analysis methods and their applications on cultural heritage sites. This book demonstrates Non-destructive sensing technologies and inspection modules as main tools for documentation, diagnosis, characterization, preservation planning, monitoring and quality of restoration, assessment and evaluation of material and preservation work. Within this book, the benefits of NDT methods and their applications will be demonstrated on diverse and important cultural heritage sites and monuments around the world. NDT sensing technologies and inspection modules are becoming main tools for the documentation, diagnosis, characterization, preservation planning, monitoring and quality control of restoration, assessment and evaluation of materials and preservation works. Distinguished scientists and representatives of the National Geographic Society, the Cultural Heritage Finance Alliance, the International Council of Monuments and Sites ICOMOS, the Organization of World Heritage Cities OWHC, the European Society for Engineering Education SEFI, the European Construction Technology Platform ECTP, the International Federation of Surveyors FIG, the International Committee CIPA Heritage Documentation, the World Monuments Fund and other major International and European Organizations, Associations, networks Universities and Research Centers in the field of cultural heritage preservation, participate in to the International Steering Committee which had successfully organized the 1st TMM_CH Conference as well. |
| stone conservation techniques: The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques in Art Gerald W. R. Ward, 2008 The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques deals with all aspects of materials, techniques, conservation, and restoration in both traditional and nontraditional media, including ceramics, sculpture, metalwork, painting, works on paper, textiles, video, digital art, and more. Drawing upon the expansive scholarship in The Dictionary of Art and adding new entries, this work is a comprehensive reference resource for artists, art dealers, collectors, curators, conservators, students, researchers, and scholars. Similar in design to The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts, this one-volume reference work contains articles of various lengths in alphabetical order. The shorter, more factual articles are combined with larger, multi-section articles tracing the development of materials and techniques in various geographical locations. The Encyclopedia provides unparalleled scope and depth, and it offers fully updated articles and bibliography as well as over 150 illustrations and color plates. The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques offers scholarly information on materials and techniques in art for anyone who studies, creates, collects, or deals in works of art. The entries are written to be accessible to a wide range of readers, and the work is designed as a reliable and convenient resource covering this essential area in the visual arts. |
| stone conservation techniques: 10th International Symposium on the Conservation of Monuments in the Mediterranean Basin Maria Koui, Fulvio Zezza, Dimitrios Kouis, 2018-11-30 This book addresses physical, chemical, and biological methods for the preservation of ancient artifacts. Advanced materials are required to preserve the Mediterranean belt's historic, artistic and archaeological relics against weathering, pollution, natural risks and anthropogenic hazards. Based upon the 10th International Symposium on the Conservation of Monuments in the Mediterranean Basin, this book provides a forum for international engineers, architects, archaeologists, conservators, geologists, art historians and scientists in the fields of physics, chemistry and biology to discuss principles, methods, and solutions for the preservation of global historical artifacts. |
| stone conservation techniques: Water Conservation Techniques in Traditional Human Settlements Pietro Laureano, 2013-08-07 In this beautifully illustrated work, Pietro Laureano shares with us the fruits of more than a quarter of a century of careful observation of traditional knowledge and techniques applied to urban settlements and landscape resources management in all regions of the world. The book introduces us to very sophisticated, thousand-year-old, capacities developed by local communities and civilizations around the world, amongst which water harvesting techniques, recycling of organic wastes and used waters for soil fertility conservation or, in more general terms, the ecosystemic approach to town planning, are anything but new! The volume is also the most convincing illustration of the fact that, whereas modern technological solutions rely on separation and specialization and for most of the time imply the mobilization of external resources, traditional knowledge, which by its very nature applies the principle of integration and uses internal renewable inputs, has proved over time to be effective in the daily struggle of civilizations against adverse environments and, more recently, against desertification. |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone Trade Routes Everett Sinclair, AI, 2025-02-22 Stone Trade Routes unveils the complex logistical networks that enabled ancient civilizations to transport massive stones for monumental construction. Exploring both archaeological discoveries and historical records, the book highlights the ingenuity of ancient engineers who devised solutions to move colossal weights across vast distances. The economic and social ramifications of stone procurement are also examined, revealing how the demand for building materials shaped ancient societies and influenced trade relationships. The book progresses from the fundamental challenges of stone transport to specific case studies, such as ancient Egypt and the Roman Empire, detailing quarrying techniques and methods of transport. By integrating archaeological data with historical texts, Stone Trade Routes offers a holistic view of how the ability to transport large quantities of stone was critical to demonstrating power, influencing architectural styles, and shaping economic organization in the ancient world. |
| stone conservation techniques: "Appropriate Technologies" in the Conservation of Cultural Property Unesco, 1981 |
| stone conservation techniques: Lectures on Materials Science for Architectural Conservation Giorgio Torraca, 2009-12-01 This book is based on Dr. Torraca's 2002 publication, Lezioni di scienza e tecnologia dei materiali per restauro dei monumenti. The English-language Lectures includes new and updated material. An excellent resource for architectural conservators, engineers, and conservation scientists. |
| stone conservation techniques: Conservation of Plastics Yvonne Shashoua, 2012-06-25 Plastic objects are included more than ever in museums and galleries collections these days, but these items can start to deteriorate when they a just a few years old. In this book Yvonne Shashoua provides the essential knowledge needed to keep plastic pieces in the best possible condition so that they can continue to be enjoyed for many years. The historical development of plastics, as well as the technology, their physical and chemical properties, identification, degradation and conservation are all clearly and concisely covered within this single volume, making it an invaluable reference for the increasing number of conservators and curators that are encountering plastics in their day to day work. |
| stone conservation techniques: Conservation of Marine Archaeological Objects Colin Pearson, 2014-05-20 Over the past twenty years there has been a significant increase in underwater activities such as scuba diving which, coupled with the adventure andromance always associated with shipwrecks, has led to rapid developments in the discovery and excavation of shipwrecked material. These shipwrecks are invaluable archaeological 'time capsules', which in themajoriety of cases have come to an equilibrium with their environment. As soon as artefacts on the wreck site are moved, this equilibrium is disturbed, and the artefacts may commence to deteriorate, sometimes in a rapid and devastating fashion. In fact excavation without having conservation facilities available is vandalism--the artefacts are much safer being left on the sea bed. Such famous shipwrecks as the Mary Rose (1545), the Wasa (1628) and the Batabia (1629) have not only brought the world's attention to these unique finds, but have also produced tremendous conservation problems. The treatment of a 30 metre waterlogged wooden hull or large cast iron cannon is still causing headaches to conservators. |
| stone conservation techniques: Archaeological Method and Theory Linda Ellis, 2003-12-16 This Encyclopedia brings together the most recent scientific information on a collection of subjects that are too often - and inconveniently - treated in separate publications. It provides a survey of archaeological method and theory, as well as the application of physical and biological sciences in archaeological research. Every aspect of archaeological work is represented, from the discovery process to the ultimate disposition of materials. Thus the reader will find entries on subject matter covering: * disciplinary theory * legislation affecting the work of archaeologists * pre-excavation surveying * excavation methodology * on-site conservation techniques * post-excavation analysis The rapid evolution of analytical technology is often superficially treated or not covered at all in textbooks or other commonly available sources. Here, the latest refinements in techniques such as radiometric dating, stable isotopic analysis, and the PCR technique of DNA analysis are presented clearly and authoritatively. The discussion of these techniques is amplified by including results of the work of professionals conducting interdisciplinary research and by covering the methodologi enhancements provided by the physical and natural sciences. Cultural property legislation, regardless of its country of origin, has affected how archaeologists conduct their work. This encyclopedia covers all major U.S. legislation developed for the protection of cultural property, including the recent Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, and offers a substantial article on worldwide legislation concerning the reburial of human remains and its effects on the present and future practice of archaeology. Without some sort of conservation program at the point of excavation, valuable materials may be inadvertently contaminated or destroyed. Many simple and low-cost techniques to promote both sample integrity and long-term preservation for major classes of materials are described in this volume. Traditional treatments of method and theory usually focus on prehistoric periods and are limited in their geographic range. This volume includes discussions based on various historical periods on different continents, as reflected in entries such as Historical Archaeology, Industrial Archaeology, Medieval Archaeology, and Classical Archaeology. |
| stone conservation techniques: Monument Future Siegfried Siegesmund, Bernhard Middendorf, 2020 |
| stone conservation techniques: Stone Decay and Conservation Giovanni Giuseppe Amoroso, Vasco Fassina, 1983 |
| stone conservation techniques: Materials and Skills for Historic Building Conservation Michael Forsyth, 2012-08-13 This book is the third in a series of volumes that combine conservation philosophy in the built environment with knowledge of traditional materials, and structural and constructional conservation techniques and technology: Understanding Historic Building Conservation Structures & Construction in Historic Building Conservation Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation The series aims to introduce each aspect of conservation and to provide concise, basic and up-to-date knowledge for architects, surveyors and engineers as well as for commissioning client bodies, managers and advisors. In each book, Michael Forsyth draws together chapters by leading architects, structural engineers and related professionals to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of conservation work. The books are structured to be of direct practical application, taking the reader through the process of historic building conservation and emphasising throughout the integrative teamwork involved. The present volume - Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation – describes the characteristics and process of decay of traditional materials which inform the selection of appropriate repair techniques. It provides essential information on the properties of the principal traditional external building materials. Their availability, sourcing and environmental impact is covered, as well as the causes of erosion and decay, and the skills required for their application on conservation projects. It covers the main most commonly used materials and conservation techniques including stone, brickwork, lime products, concrete, iron and steel, timber, wattle and daub, and glass, Thirteen chapters written by the experts present today's key issues in materials and skills for historic building conservation: Gus Astley, Patrick Baty, Charley Brentnall, Michael Bussell, Michael Forsyth, Tony Graham, Chris Harris, David McLaughlin, Brian Ridout, Mike Stock, Geoff Wallis, Ian Williams, Rory Young |
| stone conservation techniques: Stonework A. D. R. Caroe, M. B. Caroe, 2001 Derived from a century's accumulated wisdom of the Caroe firm, this guide concentrates on the essential principles involved in the maintenance of stonework and stone buildings, especially churches. |
| stone conservation techniques: Microorganisms in the Deterioration and Preservation of Cultural Heritage Edith Joseph, 2021-05-05 This open access book offers a comprehensive overview of the role and potential of microorganisms in the degradation and preservation of cultural materials (e.g. stone, metals, graphic documents, textiles, paintings, glass, etc.). Microorganisms are a major cause of deterioration in cultural artefacts, both in the case of outdoor monuments and archaeological finds. This book covers the microorganisms involved in biodeterioration and control methods used to reduce their impact on cultural artefacts. Additionally, the reader will learn more about how microorganisms can be used for the preservation and protection of cultural artefacts through bio-based and eco-friendly materials. New avenues for developing methods and materials for the conservation of cultural artefacts are discussed, together with concrete advances in terms of sustainability, effectiveness and toxicity, making the book essential reading for anyone interested in microbiology and the preservation of cultural heritage. |
| stone conservation techniques: Natural Stone Resources for Historical Monuments Richard Přikryl, Ákos Török, 2010 Natural stone is considered to be a versatile, durable and aesthetically pleasing building material. From the beginning of civilization, important structures and monuments have been built from, or based on, natural stone. Until the end of the nineteenth century, the use of local stone re-sources was mostly in balance with the local environment. Strict environ-mental legislation has resulted in the closing of many long-standing quar-ries in industrialized countries, which has led to a shortage of traditional stone varieties. This has caused problems for restoration practice. Cheap, imported stone from less industrialized countries has become more widely available in recent years. Some of the issues related to built stone conservation and restoration cov-ered by this volume are: the establishment of inventories of possible re-placement stones; understanding the decay mechanism and use of preven-tive conservation methods for slowing down decay processes; evaluation of the properties of natural stone; and assessing the risks of using replacement stones of different qualities. |
| stone conservation techniques: Cleaning Historic Buildings: v. 2 Nicola Ashurst, 2015-11-17 What happens to the fabric of a historic building if it is not cleaned? What is soiling, how does it affect the building? What cleaning methods should be used? This second of a comprehensive two-volume guide addresses these important and controversial questions, along with many others, and offers practical guidance on appropriate cleaning techniques, backed up with useful case study material. Based on the author's extensive on-site involvement at trial and contract stage in many cleaning and surface repair project, this book examines the various attitudes and current cleaning practices, along with the role and need for analysis of substrates and soiling. It also offers advice on dealing with special cleaning problems, such as the removal of paint, graffiti and metallic stains, and provides an assesment of the cleaning methods currently available. |
| stone conservation techniques: Building Stone History Benjamin Ramirez, AI, 2025-02-22 Building Stone History explores the fascinating story of architectural stone, from ancient extraction methods to its enduring impact on historical buildings. Journey through time to discover how civilizations mastered quarrying techniques, enabling them to construct iconic structures that still stand today. The book reveals that the availability of specific stone types and the ingenuity of builders profoundly influenced the design and longevity of these structures, shaping both the built environment and the social structures of the past. The book delves into the practical knowledge and technological innovations that underpinned ancient construction, from the Egyptians and Greeks to the Romans and medieval Europeans. Discover how ancient builders moved multi-ton stones without modern machinery, using ingenious methods that involved specialized knowledge, skilled craftsmanship, and substantial capital investment. It also examines how the Roman Empireâs extensive use of travertine and other materials impacted the growth of urban centers. Structured chronologically, the book begins by introducing the geological properties of different types of stone and then progresses through historical periods, examining specific quarry sites and building projects. By integrating archaeological evidence, historical records, and interdisciplinary perspectives, Building Stone History offers a comprehensive and accessible account of how stone has been quarried, shaped, and used throughout history. |
| stone conservation techniques: NCPTT Notes National Center for Preservation Technology and Training (U.S.), 1998 |
| stone conservation techniques: Conservation of Cultural Heritage Hanna M. Szczepanowska, 2013-02-15 Conservation of Cultural Heritage covers the methods and practices needed for future museum professionals who will be working in various capacities with museum collections and artifacts. It also assists current professionals in understanding the complex decision-making processes that face conservators on a daily basis. The uniqueness of this book lies in correlating the aspects of material science and the behaviour of artifacts in a museum environment. It will be of special benefit to museum professionals not trained in conservation. Covering a broad range of topics that are key to sound conservation in the museum, Conservation of Cultural Heritage is an important tool for students and professionals alike in ensuring that best practice is followed in the preservation of important collections. |
| stone conservation techniques: Understanding Building Stones and Stone Buildings John A. Hudson, John W. Cosgrove, 2019-04-24 This book covers the wide spectrum of subjects relating to obtaining and using building stones, starting with their geological origin and then describing the nature of granites, volcanics, limestones, sandstones, flint, metamorphic stones, breccias and conglomerates, with emphasis being placed on how to recognise the different stones via the many illustrated examples from Great Britain and other countries. The life of a building stone is explained from its origin in the quarry, through its exposure to the elements when used for a building, to its eventual deterioration. The structure of stone buildings is then discussed, with explanations of the mechanics of pillars, lighthouses and walls, arches, bridges, buttresses and roof vaults, plus castles and cathedrals. The sequence of the historical architectural styles of stone buildings is explained—from the early days through to postmodern buildings. Special attention is paid to two famous architects: the Roman Vitruvius and the English Sir Christopher Wren who designed and supervised the construction of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. To demonstrate many of the concepts presented, two exemplary stone buildings are described in detail: the Albert Memorial in London and Durham Cathedral in northern England. The former building is interesting because it is comprised of a cornucopia of different building stones and the latter building because of its architecture and sandstone decay mechanisms. In the final Chapter, ruined stone buildings are discussed—the many reasons for their decay and the possibility of their ‘rebirth’ via digital recording of their geometry. The book has over 350 pages and is illustrated with more than 450 diagrams and colour photographs of both the various stones and the associated stone buildings. Readers’ knowledge of the subject will be greatly enhanced by these images and the related explanatory text. A wide-ranging references and bibliography section is also included. |
STONE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of STONE is a concretion of earthy or mineral matter. How to use stone in a sentence.
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Rock (geology) - Wikipedia
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the …
Stone Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
STONE meaning: 1 : a hard substance that comes from the ground and is used for building, carving, etc. often used before another noun; 2 : a small piece of rock
Stone Veneer Manufacturer | StoneWorks
StoneWorks manufactures & installs beautiful stone veneer for builders & contractors. From project start to finish, we are your one source turnkey solution. Call us!
Home - Solstice Stone
Solstice Stone is the leading purveyor of unique natural stone from around the world. Locations in Scottsdale • Las Vegas • Western Canada Warm + inviting, cozy too!
Instone - When You Need Stone Fast - Stone Distributor
You Want Stone? We’ve Got Stone. Whatever color or style you need for your design, we provide everything from inspiration to installation of your manufactured and natural stone veneer, …
Rock Vs Stone: Differences Between Rocks and Stones
Stones generally refers to a small detached piece of rock that has been broken off or shaped, typically by natural processes or human activity. Stones are typically smaller than rocks and …
The Yard: Stone Slabs & Remnants
The Yard is Phoenix's best source for granite, marble, quartz, quartzite, soapstone, dolomite, and more. Our inventory and pricing are online. We have a huge variety of slabs and remnants.
Home | Stone Source
Stone Source offers a vast selection of porcelain and natural stone slab products for various design applications. Explore our wide range of options, including marble, granite, limestone, …
STONE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of STONE is a concretion of earthy or mineral matter. How to use stone in a sentence.
Stone Partnership, Inc. | Wholesale Natural Stone Supplier
Stone Partnership is a multi-generational family-run business with over 25 years experience in all areas of the natural stone industry.
Rock (geology) - Wikipedia
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the …
Stone Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
STONE meaning: 1 : a hard substance that comes from the ground and is used for building, carving, etc. often used before another noun; 2 : a small piece of rock
Stone Veneer Manufacturer | StoneWorks
StoneWorks manufactures & installs beautiful stone veneer for builders & contractors. From project start to finish, we are your one source turnkey solution. Call us!
Home - Solstice Stone
Solstice Stone is the leading purveyor of unique natural stone from around the world. Locations in Scottsdale • Las Vegas • Western Canada Warm + inviting, cozy too!
Instone - When You Need Stone Fast - Stone Distributor
You Want Stone? We’ve Got Stone. Whatever color or style you need for your design, we provide everything from inspiration to installation of your manufactured and natural stone veneer, …
Rock Vs Stone: Differences Between Rocks and Stones
Stones generally refers to a small detached piece of rock that has been broken off or shaped, typically by natural processes or human activity. Stones are typically smaller than rocks and …
The Yard: Stone Slabs & Remnants
The Yard is Phoenix's best source for granite, marble, quartz, quartzite, soapstone, dolomite, and more. Our inventory and pricing are online. We have a huge variety of slabs and remnants.
Home | Stone Source
Stone Source offers a vast selection of porcelain and natural stone slab products for various design applications. Explore our wide range of options, including marble, granite, limestone, …
