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| soweto economy: The Political Economy of Modern South Africa Alf Stadler, 2022-10-05 Originally published in 1987 this book argues that South African politics reflect the changing ways in which the region has been incorporated into the world economy. It traces the effects of a process of industrialisation under the dominance of mining on the other sectors of the economy, and on the evolution of the class structure. It shows how a coercive labour system influenced the definition of political and social rights in racial terms and profoundly influenced the development of authoritarian controls over blacks in the urban and rural areas from the 1920s onwards. The book includes an essay on the different strands in the reform movement and speculates about the social and political forces which underlined the political changes which began to take place during the mid-1970s. |
| soweto economy: Class, Race and Sport in South Africa's Political Economy (RLE Sports Studies) Grant Jarvie, 2014-04-24 In recent years the interest in the patterns and policies of South African sport has grown. This book examines the increasingly complex issue of race, class and sport in the context of South African social relations. The author disputes evaluations made purely on the question of race, maintaining that it is important to examine the complex interaction between racial and class dynamics as a background for understanding the South African way of life. The book demonstrates that sport must be understood in the context of the ensemble of social relations characterizing the South African social formation. |
| soweto economy: Political Power and Social Theory Julian Go, 2010-12-07 Helps in advancing our interdisciplinary, critical understanding of the linkages between social relations, political power, and historical development. This title contains a section on the politics of the 'new middle class' in the global south and post-socialist societies. |
| soweto economy: The Political Economy Of U.s. Policy Toward South Africa Kevin Danaher, 2019-07-11 By tracing U.S. involvement in South African political and economic development since the late 1800s, this book analyzes U.S. corporate and government motives for maintaining the political status quo in South Africa. In recent decades, according to the author, U.S. policy toward South Africa has grown more contradictory: Endeavoring to protect the United States's reputation on the question of race, government officials denounce apartheid, yet Washington remains the main force blocking an international response to South African policies. As the situation in South Africa continues to polarize, the U.S. is increasingly isolated in its position of verbally condemning yet materially supporting South Africa's white minority regime--a regime confronting the distinct possibility of civil war. |
| soweto economy: People, Money and Power in the Economic Crisis Keith Hart, John Sharp, 2014-10-01 The Cold War was fought between “state socialism” and “the free market.” That fluctuating relationship between public power and private money continues today, unfolding in new and unforeseen ways during the economic crisis. Nine case studies -- from Southern Africa, South Asia, Brazil, and Atlantic Africa – examine economic life from the perspective of ordinary people in places that are normally marginal to global discourse, covering a range of class positions from the bottom to the top of society. The authors of these case studies examine people’s concrete economic activities and aspirations. By looking at how people insert themselves into the actual, unequal economy, they seek to reflect human unity and diversity more fully than the narrow vision of conventional economics. |
| soweto economy: The Changing Space Economy of City-Regions Koech Cheruiyot, 2017-10-30 This book addresses the South African Space Economy and its stark disparities and dualisms through an assessment of the Gauteng City-Region – the largest economic agglomeration in the country and on a continent bedevilled by a myriad of development challenges. The book’s focus on understanding the overall character of Gauteng City-Region’s Space Economy – through data mining/analysis and mapping – comprehensively supplements the Space Economy literature on the region. It covers the disparities exacerbated by an overlay of apartheid planning ideology and top-down regional development based on selective encouragement of manufacturing investments in growth points or poles and how implementation of past policies intended to cure these disparities have yielded mixed results. This book further offers the Gauteng City-Region as a microcosm of the national economy in the form of evident significant placed-based variations in the intensity and character of economic structure that on the one hand enjoys massive agglomeration economies, while on the other, has high levels of poverty and large numbers of people living below the Minimum Living Level. This book should appeal to urban studies specialists, economists and development studies researchers in the Global South. |
| soweto economy: Economic Development E. Wayne Nafziger, 2012-03-26 E. Wayne Nafziger analyzes the economic development of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and East-Central Europe. The book is suitable for those with a background in economics principles. Nafziger explains the reasons for the recent fast growth of India, Poland, Brazil, China, and other Pacific Rim countries, and the slow, yet essential, growth for a turnaround of sub-Saharan Africa. The fifth edition of the text, written by a scholar of developing countries, is replete with real-world examples and up-to-date information. Nafziger discusses poverty, income inequality, hunger, unemployment, the environment and carbon-dioxide emissions, and the widening gap between rich (including middle-income) and poor countries. Other new components include the rise and fall of models based on Russia, Japan, China/Taiwan/Korea, and North America; randomized experiments to assess aid; an exploration of whether information technology and mobile phones can provide poor countries with a shortcut to prosperity; and a discussion of how worldwide financial crises, debt, and trade and capital markets affect developing countries. |
| soweto economy: Economics of South African Townships Sandeep Mahajan, 2014-08-25 Countries everywhere are divided within into two distinct spatial realms: one urban, one rural. Classic models of development predict faster growth in the urban sector, causing rapid migration from rural areas to cities, lifting average incomes in both places. The situation in South Africa throws up an unconventional challenge. The country has symptoms of a spatial realm that is not not rural, not fully urban, lying somewhat in limbo. This is the realm of the country’s townships and informal settlements (T&IS). In many ways, the townships and especially the informal settlements are similar to developing world slums, although never was a slum formed with as much central planning and purpose as were some of the larger South African townships. And yet, there is something distinct about the T&IS. For one thing, unlike most urban slums, most T&IS are geographically distant from urban economic centers. Exacerbated by the near absence of an affordable public transport system, this makes job seeking and other forms of economic integration prohibitively expensive. Motivated by their uniqueness and their special place in South African economic and social life, this study seeks to develop a systematic understanding of the structure of the township economy. What emerges is a rich information base on the migration patterns to T&IS, changes in their demographic profiles, their labor market characteristics, and their access to public and financial services. The study then look closely at Diepsloot, a large township in the Johannesburg Metropolitan Area, to bring out more vividly the economic realities and choices of township residents. Given the current dichotomous urban structure, modernizing the township economy and enabling its convergence with the much richer urban centers has the potential to unleash significant productivity gains. Breaking out of the current low-level equilibrium however will require a comprehensive and holistic policy agenda, with significant complementarities among the major policy reforms. While the study tells a rich and coherent story about development patterns in South African townships and points to some broad policy directions, its research and analysis will generally need to be deepened before being translated into direct policy action. |
| soweto economy: The Pitfalls of Liberal Democracy and Late Nationalism in South Africa M. Muiu, 2008-12-08 This book compares African and Afrikaner nationalisms to demonstrate that the transition from apartheid to liberal democracy in South Africa was a neo-colonial settlement that left the economy and the military and security sectors under the control of the white minority, while increasing wide socioeconomic disparities between rich and poor. |
| soweto economy: The Apartheid City and Beyond David M. Smith, 2003-09-02 This book explains how apartheid changed South Africa's cities, how people responded to regain some control over urban life, and how the forces of urbanization held back under apartheid will affect the post-apartheid era. |
| soweto economy: "Township economies": Uses, meanings and key debates in the Gauteng context Mamokete Modiba, This paper presents multiple meanings of ‘township economies’ and the implications of key debates around framing township economic development. Overlaps in various national and provincial government strategies have included government procurement in townships, settlement upgrading, promoting entrepreneurship and creating a conducive regulatory environment for productivity. These efforts notwithstanding, the paper points out the need to include township development within broader national policy and encourages discussion on important concerns such as bringing jobs to people or people to jobs. |
| soweto economy: Opening the South African Economy Thando Vilakazi, Sumayya Goga, Simon Roberts, 2020 What does it take for entrepreneurs to be effective competitors? What are the factors affecting entry and participation in sectors where there are historically strong incumbent firms? Opening the South African Economy brings to light the challenges of concentration, inequality and exclusion in different sectors of the South African economy. The book begins with an assessment of the current state of the economy. Detailed case studies then recount the experiences - good and bad - of well-known South African entrant firms in sectors that are critical for facilitating economic growth, including retail, food, fuel, telecommunications, airlines and banking. Important cross-cutting chapters reflect on the role that government policies can play in achieving a more open, inclusive and competitive economy and the use (and misuse) of policy tools such as competition law, black economic empowerment and state procurement. It concludes with a set of concrete recommendations for opening up the South African economy, improved coordination among state institutions and inclusive industrial development.--Back cover |
| soweto economy: Enterprise , 2007-02 |
| soweto economy: Economic Growth and Urbanization in Developing Areas David Drakakis-Smith, 2017-10-30 Originally published in 1990, Economic Growth and Urbanization in Developing Areas is a wide-ranging collection of research studies focused on urban economic growth at various levels of urban and national development. The contributions range from studies of peripheral Third World states, such as Fiji and Malaysia, to countries of the so-called semi-periphery, such as Spain, South Africa, and Northern Australia. In addition the authors cover a variety of thematic topics within the framework of urban economic development, from the provision of basic services such as housing and food, to the functional preservation of historic cores, and the impact of economic change on family structure. |
| soweto economy: Isolated States Deon Geldenhuys, 1990 This book examines a largely neglected phenomenon in the field of international relations--the concept of the isolated state. Deon Geldenhuys begins by discussing how he measures both voluntary and enforced international isolation by, among other things, membership of international organizations, official visits and international censure. He then presents a number of case studies of self-isolation. The remainder of the study is devoted to an analysis of the enforced isolation of Taiwan, Israel, Chile and South Africa. Using a wealth of statistical material, he demonstrates their varying degrees of isolation in the diplomatic, military, economic and socio-cultural arenas of the international community. |
| soweto economy: South Africa and the World Economy William G. Martin, 2013 This volume chronicles the volatile history of the resurgence of South Africa, once an international pariah, as a respected and influential African state. Once an international pariah, South Africa has emerged as a respected and influential African state, projecting its economic and political power across the continent. South Africa and the World Economy: Remaking Race, State, and Region chronicles the volatile history of this resurgence, from the nation's rise as an industrialized, white state and subsequent decline as a newly underdeveloped country to its current standing as a leading member of theGlobal South. Departing from much of the latest scholarship, which examines South Africa as a discrete national case, this volume places the country in the global social system, analyzing its relationships with the colonial powersand white settlers of the early twentieth century, the costs of the neoliberal alliances with the North, and the more recent challenges from the East. This approach offers a bold reinterpretation of South Africa's developmental successes and failures over the last century -- as well as clear yet contentious lessons for the present. William G. Martin is chair of the Department of Sociology at Binghamton University, coeditor of From Toussaintto Tupac: The Black International since the Age of Revolution, and coauthor of Making Waves: Worldwide Social Movements, 1760-2005. |
| soweto economy: Beyond the New Economic Anthropology John Clammer, 1987-07-14 |
| soweto economy: Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy Daron Acemoglu, James A. Robinson, 2006 This book develops a framework for analyzing the creation and consolidation of democracy. Different social groups prefer different political institutions because of the way they allocate political power and resources. Thus democracy is preferred by the majority of citizens, but opposed by elites. Dictatorship nevertheless is not stable when citizens can threaten social disorder and revolution. In response, when the costs of repression are sufficiently high and promises of concessions are not credible, elites may be forced to create democracy. By democratizing, elites credibly transfer political power to the citizens, ensuring social stability. Democracy consolidates when elites do not have strong incentive to overthrow it. These processes depend on (1) the strength of civil society, (2) the structure of political institutions, (3) the nature of political and economic crises, (4) the level of economic inequality, (5) the structure of the economy, and (6) the form and extent of globalization. |
| soweto economy: Emerging Economies Parthasarathi Shome, Pooja Sharma, 2015-03-13 This volume brings together research on development in three major areas of contemporary global relevance: agriculture and food security, energy, and the institutions of national innovation. Covering six of the largest emerging and developing economies (EDEs) in the world, three Asian (China, India and Malaysia), two Latin American (Brazil and Mexico), and one African (South Africa), the book offers insights on how the major EDEs have addressed the complex and increasingly interrelated issues of agricultural growth, food security and access to energy as part of their growth and development experience over the last three decades. Underscoring the broader view of institutions of national innovation capacities, the volume presents the role of domestic policy and macroeconomic fluctuations in shaping the innovation capacities and development policy in these countries. The book is divided into three main parts. Part I addresses agriculture and food security, while Part II focuses on the energy sector, including the importance of clean energy and energy efficiency in improving access. Parts I and II also cover the role of the major sector-specific innovations for increasing productivity and growth. Subsequently, Part III examines the importance of economy-wide institutions of innovation in the context of supporting growth and development. |
| soweto economy: The Contested Idea of South Africa Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, Busani Ngcaweni, 2021-11-29 This book reflects on the complex and contested idea of South Africa, drawing on a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. Ever since the delineation of South Africa as a country, the many diverse groups of people contained within its borders have struggled to translate a mere geographical description into the identity of a people. Today the new struggles ‘for South Africa’ and ‘to become South African’ are inextricably intertwined with complex challenges of transformation, xenophobia, claims of reverse racism, social justice, economic justice, service delivery, and the resurgent decolonization struggles reverberating inside the universities. This book covers the genealogy of the idea of South Africa, exploring how the country has been conceived of by a broad group of actors, including the British, Afrikaners, diverse African nationalist traditions, and new formations such as the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), Black First Land First (BLF), and student formations (Rhodes Must Fall & Fees Must Fall). Over the course of the book, a broad range of themes are covered, including identity formation, modernity, race, ethnicity, indigeneity, autochthony, land, gender, intellectual traditions, poetics of South Africanness, language, popular culture, truth and reconciliation, and national development planning. Concluding with important reflections on how a colonial imaginary can be changed into a free and inclusive postcolonial nation-state, this book will be an important read for Africanist researchers from across the humanities and social sciences. |
| soweto economy: The Geography of South Africa Jasper Knight, Christian M. Rogerson, 2018-10-03 This edited collection examines contemporary directions in geographical research on South Africa. It encompasses a cross section of selected themes of critical importance not only to the discipline of Geography in South Africa, but also of relevance to other areas of the Global South. All chapters are original contributions, providing a state of the art research baseline on key themes in physical, human and environmental geography, and in understanding the changing geographical landscapes of modern South Africa. These contributions set the scene for an understanding of the relationships between modern South Africa and the wider contemporary world, including issues of sustainable development and growth in the Global South. |
| soweto economy: AF Press Clips United States Department of State. Bureau of African Affairs, 1979 |
| soweto economy: African Urban Economies D. Bryceson, D. Potts, 2005-12-16 Are Africa's most populous and economically dominant cities a force to reckon with in the twenty-first century? This book analyzes the economies of East and Southern Africa's 'apex' cities, probing how they have altered structurally over time and their current sources of economic vitality and vulnerability at local, national and international levels. Case study chapters focusing on Johannesburg, Chitungwiza, Gaborone, Maputo, Dar es Salaam, Mombasa, Nairobi, Kampala and Mogadishu shed new light on contemporary African urban prospects and problems. |
| soweto economy: Religion Around Bono Chad E. Seales, 2020-01-24 For many, U2’s Bono is an icon of both evangelical spirituality and secular moral activism. In this book, Chad E. Seales examines the religious and spiritual culture that has built up around the rock star over the course of his career and considers how Bono engages with that religion in his music and in his activism. Looking at Bono and his work within a wider critique of white American evangelicalism, Seales traces Bono’s career, from his background in religious groups in the 1970s to his rise to stardom in the 1980s and his relationship with political and economic figures, such as Jeffrey Sachs, Bill Clinton, and Jesse Helms. In doing so, Seales shows us a different Bono, one who uses the spiritual meaning of church tradition to advocate for the promise that free markets and for-profits will bring justice and freedom to the world’s poor. Engaging with scholarship in popular culture, music, religious studies, race, and economic development, Seales makes the compelling case that neoliberal capitalism is a religion and that Bono is its best-known celebrity revivalist. Engagingly written and bitingly critical, Religion Around Bono promises to transform our understanding of the rock star’s career and advocacy. Those interested in the intersection of rock music, religion, and activism will find Seales’s study provocative and enlightening. |
| soweto economy: Cultural Tourism in a Changing World Melanie Kay Smith, Mike Robinson, 2006-09-12 At the interface between culture and tourism lies a series of deep and challenging issues relating to how we deal with issues of political engagement, social justice, economic change, belonging, identity and meaning. This book introduces researchers, students and practitioners to a range of interesting and complex debates regarding the political and social implications of cultural tourism in a changing world. Concise and thematic theoretical sections provide the framework for a range of case studies, which contextualise and exemplify the issues raised. The book focuses on both traditional and popular culture, and explores some of the tensions between cultural preservation and social transformation. The book is divided into thematic sections - Politics and Policy; Community Participation and Empowerment; Authenticity and Commodification; and Interpretation and Representation - and will be of interest to all who wish to understand how cultural tourism continues to evolve as a focal point for understanding a changing world. |
| soweto economy: Non-doctrinal Research Methods in Environmental Law Paul Martin, Solange Teles da Silva, Marcia Leuzinger, Miriam Verbeek, Andrew Lawson, 2023-09-06 This timely book explores the innovative non-doctrinal methods currently being used in environmental law research. Drawing on their extensive experience, expert contributors provide insight into how creative approaches to research can improve understanding of law and policy, leading to more effective legal protection for the environment. |
| soweto economy: Hearings, Reports and Prints of the House Committee on Banking, Currency, and Housing United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Currency, and Housing, 1977 |
| soweto economy: Africa Insight , 1997 |
| soweto economy: Apartheid, 1948-1994 Saul Dubow, 2014-05 This fresh interpretation of apartheid South Africa integrates histories of resistance with the analysis of power - asking not only why apartheid was defeated, but how it came to survive for so long. |
| soweto economy: Media Practices and Changing African Socialities Jo Helle-Valle, Ardis Storm-Mathisen, 2020-03-01 Deriving from innovative new work by six researchers, this book questions what the new media's role is in contemporary Africa. The chapters are diverse - covering different areas of sociality in different countries - but they unite in their methodological and analytical foundation. The focus is on media-related practices, which require engagement with different perspectives and concerns while situating these in a wider analytical context. The contributions to this collection provide fresh ethnographic descriptions of how new media practices can affect socialities in significant but unpredictable ways. |
| soweto economy: Why Race Matters in South Africa Michael MacDonald, 2006 This book tells the story of how the transition to democracy in South Africa enfranchised blacks politically but without raising most of them from poverty. Although democratic South Africa is officially non-racial, the book shows that racial solidarities continue to play a role in the country's political economy. |
| soweto economy: Export-Import Bank and Trade with South Africa United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Trade, Investment, and Monetary Policy, 1978 |
| soweto economy: Conflict and Cooperation in Multi-Ethnic States Brian Shoup, 2007-08-09 Interethnic competition in plural societies is often characterized by acounterbalance of political and economic strength between different groups. In such cases, tensions emerge as politically dominant groups fear loss of hegemony to more economically aggressive groups. Likewise, economically successful groups require key public goods and a poli |
| soweto economy: Gangs in the Global City John Hagedorn, 2007 Understanding worldwide gangs through the lens of globalization |
| soweto economy: Soweto's Children Beryl A. Geber, Stanton P. Newman, 1980 L'ouvrage apporte pour la 1ère fois une perspective socio-psychologique à un évènement social et historique, décrivant le rôle de la famille et de l'école, ainsi que celui des changements économiques et politique dans la transformation des attitudes des étudiants noirs de Soweto. |
| soweto economy: Ethnographies of Power Sharad Chari, Mark Hunter, Melanie Samson, Jennifer A Devine, Michael Ekers, Jennifer Greenburg, Bridget Kenny, Stefan Kipfer, Zachary Levenson, Alex Loftus, Ahmed Veriava, 2022-08-01 Working with key concepts from theorist and human geographer Gillian Hart, this book argues for an ethnographic and geographic approach to critically engage contemporary political-economic processes in the context of real world struggles. |
| soweto economy: Reframing the Urban Challenge in Africa Ntombini Marrengane, Sylvia Croese, 2020-12-03 This book explores the changing dynamics and challenges behind the rapid expanse of Africa’s urban population. Africa’s urban age is underway. With the world’s fastest growing urban population, the continent is rapidly transforming from one that is largely rural, to one that is largely urban. Often facing limited budgets, those tasked with managing African cities require empirical evidence on the nature of demands for infrastructure, escalating environmental hazards, and ever-expanding informal settlements. Drawing on the work of the African Urban Research Initiative, this book brings together contributions from local researchers investigating key themes and challenges within their own contexts. An important example of urban knowledge co-production, the book demonstrates the regional diversity that can be seen as the main feature of African urbanism, with even well-accepted concepts such as informality manifesting in markedly different ways from place to place. Providing an important nuanced perspective on the heterogeneity of African cities and the challenges they face, this book will be an important resource for researchers across development studies, African studies, and urban studies. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781003008385, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license |
| soweto economy: Reconsidering Informality Karen Tranberg Hansen, Mariken Vaa, 2004 This book brings together two bodies of research on urban Africa that have tended to be separate, studies of urban land use and housing and studies of work and livelihoods. Africa's future will be increasingly urban, and the inherited legal, institutional and financial arrangements for managing urban development are inadequate. Access to employment, shelter and services is precarious for most urban residents. The result is the phenomenal growth of the informal city. Extra-legal housing and unregistered economic activities proliferate and basic urban services are increasingly provided informally. Recent decades of neo-liberal political and economic reforms have increased social inequality across urban space. After an introductory chapter by the editors, the contributions are grouped into the following sections: - LOCALITY, PLACE, AND SPACE - ECONOMY, WORK, AND LIVELIHOODS - LAND, HOUSING, AND PLANNING The case studies are drawn from a diverse set of cities on the African continent. A central theme is how practices that from an official standpoint are illegal or extra-legal do not only work but are considered legitimate by the actors concerned. Another is how the informal city is not exclusively the domain of the poor, but also provides shelter and livelihoods for better-off segments of the urban population. |
| soweto economy: United States Foreign Policy Towards Southern Africa H.E. Newsun, Olayiwola Abegunrin, H.E. Newsum, 1987-06-18 |
| soweto economy: The History of Business in Africa Grietjie Verhoef, 2017-10-16 This book offers a comprehensive study of the history of African business. By analyzing the specificities of African business culture, as well as the dynamically changing African policy context, the author sheds new light on the development of African enterprises, markets and institutions. The book covers a wide range of historical studies, starting with the earliest exchange networks, the new market opportunities resulting from European penetration, the dualism of state-owned companies and private enterprises during the twentieth century, the role of foreign direct investments and multinational companies during the 1990s, and the globalization of African business. |
KIRK WHALUM - Sax on the Web Forum
Jul 29, 2004 · Kirk plays with much passion and soul and didn't really have any slow smooth playing like Boney, but I still think Kirk's performance was better than Boney on Soweto, CDT, …
Heavy distortion for sax - Sax on the Web Forum
Aug 2, 2011 · The British jazz/rap artist Soweto Kinch has used a variety of adaptions to his sound with pedals very successfully and memorably. If my memory serves me right I've heard him …
KIRK WHALUM - Sax on the Web Forum
Jul 29, 2004 · Kirk plays with much passion and soul and didn't really have any slow smooth playing like Boney, but I still think Kirk's performance was better than Boney on Soweto, CDT, …
Heavy distortion for sax - Sax on the Web Forum
Aug 2, 2011 · The British jazz/rap artist Soweto Kinch has used a variety of adaptions to his sound with pedals very successfully and memorably. If my memory serves me right I've heard him …
