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| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning Pauline Gibbons, 2015 The bestselling Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning helped tens of thousands of mainstream elementary teachers ensure that their English language learners became full members of the school community with the language and content skills they needed for success. In the highly anticipated Second Edition, Pauline Gibbons updates her classic text with a multitude of practical ideas for the classroom, supported by the latest research in the field of ELL/ESL. With clear directions and classroom tested strategies for supporting students' academic progress, Gibbons shows how the teaching of language can be integrated seamlessly with the teaching of content, and how academic achievement can be boosted without sacrificing our own vision of education to the dictates of knee-jerk accountability. Rich examples of classroom discourse illustrate exactly how the scaffolding process works, while activities to facilitate conversation and higher-level thinking put the latest research on second language learning into action. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding the Academic Success of Adolescent English Language Learners Aída Walqui, Leo Van Lier, 2010 This book is the result of a decade long effort in school districts such as New York City, Austin, and San Diego to implement challenging instruction that is designed for classrooms that include English learners and that raises the bar and increases engagement for all learners. Classroom vignettes, transcripts of student interactions, and detailed examples of intellectually engaging middle school and high school lessons provide a concrete picture of the instructional approach developed by coauthor Aida Walqui, founder and director of WestEd s Quality Teaching for English Learners (QTEL) initiative. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: 101 Scaffolding Techniques for Languages Teaching and Learning Donna Lee Fields, 2017-04-01 Scaffolding is a powerful tool for learning. It enables learners to achieve deep and meaningful learning through the provision of timely and constructive support. It is used as required, just-in-time, to bridge learning gaps, advance learning objectives, and build self-confidence throughout the learning community. Closely aligned to the concept of Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), scaffolding is a key element in learning languages and other subjects across the curriculum. This publication is about scaffolding which supports learning languages, learning about languages, and learning through languages (Halliday). By providing students with these tools for learning, the teacher can step back and truly become a 'guide on the side' whilst conducting and facilitating teaching through powerful learning environments. The 101 scaffolding techniques found in this book, alongside the templates in the digital annex, provide the reader with hands-on ideas and examples to develop innovative, exciting and empowered learning. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Book Fiesta! Pat Mora, 2009-03-10 Take a ride in a long submarine or fly away in a hot air balloon. Whatever you do, just be sure to bring your favorite book! Rafael López's colorful illustrations perfectly complement Pat Mora's lilting text in this delightful celebration of El día de los niños/El día de los libros; Children's Day/Book Day. Toon! Toon! Includes a letter from the author and suggestions for celebrating El día de los niños/El día de los libros; Children's Day/Book Day. Pasea por el mar en un largo submarino o viaja lejos en un globo aerostático. No importa lo que hagas, ¡no olvides traer tu libro preferido! Las coloridas ilustraciones de Rafael López complementan perfectamente el texto rítmico de Pat Mora en esta encantadora celebración de El día de los niños/El día de los libros. ¡Tun! ¡Tun! Incluye una carta de la autora y sugerencias para celebrar El día de los niños/El día de los libros. The author will donate a portion of the proceeds from this book to literacy initiatives related to Children's Day/Book Day. La autora donará una porción de las ganancias de este libro a programas para fomentar la alfabetización relacionados con El día de los niños/El día de los libros. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Reading Experiences for English Language Learners Michael F. Graves, Jill Fitzgerald, 2004 |
| scaffolding for english language learners: The Knowledge Gap Natalie Wexler, 2019-08-06 “Essential reading for teachers, education administrators, and policymakers alike.” —STARRED Library Journal The untold story of the root cause of America's education crisis It was only after years within the education reform movement that Natalie Wexler stumbled across a hidden explanation for our country's frustrating lack of progress when it comes to providing every child with a quality education. The problem wasn't one of the usual scapegoats: lazy teachers, shoddy facilities, lack of accountability. It was something no one was talking about: the elementary school curriculum's intense focus on decontextualized reading comprehension skills at the expense of actual knowledge. In the tradition of Dale Russakoff's The Prize and Dana Goldstein's The Teacher Wars, Wexler brings together history, research, and compelling characters to pull back the curtain on this fundamental flaw in our education system--one that fellow reformers, journalists, and policymakers have long overlooked, and of which the general public, including many parents, remains unaware. But The Knowledge Gap isn't just a story of what schools have gotten so wrong--it also follows innovative educators who are in the process of shedding their deeply ingrained habits, and describes the rewards that have come along: students who are not only excited to learn but are also acquiring the knowledge and vocabulary that will enable them to succeed. If we truly want to fix our education system and unlock the potential of our neediest children, we have no choice but to pay attention. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Unlocking English Learners' Potential Diane Staehr Fenner, Sydney Snyder, 2017-05-16 Schools are not intentionally equitable places for English learners to achieve, but they could be if the right system of support were put in place. Diane Staehr Fenner and Sydney Snyder recommend just such a system. Not only does it have significant potential for providing fuller access to the core curriculum, it also provides a path for teachers to travel as they navigate the individual needs of students and support their learning journeys. --Douglas Fisher, Coauthor of Visible Learning for Literacy A once-in-a-generation text for assisting a new generation of students Content teachers and ESOL teachers, take special note: if you're looking for a single resource to help your English learners meet the same challenging content standards as their English-proficient peers, your search is complete. Just dip into this toolbox of strategies, examples, templates, and activities from EL authorities Diane Staehr Fenner and Sydney Snyder. The best part? Unlocking English Learners' Potential supports teachers across all levels of experience. The question is not if English learners can succeed in today's more rigorous classrooms, but how. Unlocking English Learners' Potential is all about the how: How to scaffold ELs' instruction across content and grade levels How to promote ELs' oral language development and academic language How to help ELs analyze text through close reading and text-dependent questions How to build ELs' background knowledge How to design and use formative assessment with ELs Along the way, you'll build the collaboration, advocacy, and leadership skills that we all need if we're to fully support our English learners. After all, any one of us with at least one student acquiring English is now a teacher of ELs. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding the Primary Comprehension Toolkit for English Language Learners Stephanie Harvey, Anne Goudvis, Brad Buhrow, Anne Upczak Garcia, 2011-12 Scaffolding the primary comprehension toolkit for English language learners provides children learning English with the language and conceptual tool to read for understanding and express their thoughts and ideas--Introduction. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: EL Excellence Every Day Tonya Ward Singer, 2018-01-30 You have to see this book to believe this book. And once you use this book it will quickly become your most treasured teaching resource. What exactly is so remarkable? All of the best teaching tools in language and literacy are at your fingertips! Just flip to that strategy you want to learn or that literacy goal you want to reach for a wealth of ready-to-use resources to actively engage learners, build academic language, and strategically support literacy instruction. Much more than a resource for EL specialists, EL Excellence Every Day is written for every teacher, with a singular focus on improving the ways we all differentiate literacy instruction. Busy teachers especially will appreciate: Over 85 flip-to strategies that help you engage and support all learners 200+ prompts and linguistic scaffolds to facilitate academic conversations connected to specific literacy goals Lesson-ready resources for essential literacy goals: anticipate before reading, read to understand, read to analyze and infer, and write with text evidence Formative assessment tasks and if/then charts for personalizing teaching to every student Differentiation guides that demonstrate how to adjust supports across EL proficiency levels Intuitive, color-coded design so you can find what you need, when you need it No one lesson or strategy is ever the perfect solution for every student. No one student learns in the same way. If there’s one universal truth in teaching it’s that every child is unique. Devour this book and soon enough you’ll provide the excellent literacy instruction each and every student deserves each and every day. “We need resources that clearly and quickly help us to meet diverse instructional needs every day in every classroom. Tonya Ward Singer’s EL Excellence Every Day: The Flip-to Guide for Differentiating Academic Literacy is such a resource.” --JEFF ZWIERS, from the foreword |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding for Multilingual Learners in Elementary and Secondary Schools Luciana C de Oliveira, Ruslana Westerlund, 2022-08-24 This volume addresses how scaffolding can be used to support multilingual learners to amplify their opportunities for learning.Scaffolding facilitates responsive and adaptive teaching and learning; addresses students' needs; increases student autonomy; and promotes adaptive, high-level learning without simplifying instruction. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Literacy Instruction for English Language Learners Nancy Cloud, Fred Genesee, Else V. Hamayan, 2009 Literacy Instruction for English Language Learners turns hundreds of ELL studies into dozens of strategies for regular classroom instruction. Nancy Cloud, Fred Genesee, and Else Hamayan have examined the research evidence to determine what works for ELLs. They recommend best practices for teaching English learners to read and write from emergent literacy to primary school and on through middle school and include helpful features that make the research directly accessible to all teachers. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Explicit Instruction Anita L. Archer, Charles A. Hughes, 2011-02-22 Explicit instruction is systematic, direct, engaging, and success oriented--and has been shown to promote achievement for all students. This highly practical and accessible resource gives special and general education teachers the tools to implement explicit instruction in any grade level or content area. The authors are leading experts who provide clear guidelines for identifying key concepts, skills, and routines to teach; designing and delivering effective lessons; and giving students opportunities to practice and master new material. Sample lesson plans, lively examples, and reproducible checklists and teacher worksheets enhance the utility of the volume. Purchasers can also download and print the reproducible materials for repeated use. Video clips demonstrating the approach in real classrooms are available at the authors' website: www.explicitinstruction.org. See also related DVDs from Anita Archer: Golden Principles of Explicit Instruction; Active Participation: Getting Them All Engaged, Elementary Level; and Active Participation: Getting Them All Engaged, Secondary Level |
| scaffolding for english language learners: From Ideas to Words Tasha Tropp Laman, 2013 A comprehensive guide to working with any English language learner (ELL) student writer. Provides insight and practical tips for getting ELL students writing, even if they are at the very beginning stages of English language acquisition. Each chapter is stocked with specific tools and strategies that help make writing instruction meet the needs of multilingual writers; illustrated classroom vignettes and samples of children's writing; and student observations and planning notes based on the information in that chapter. Includes advice on creating a classroom environment that supports ELL writers, building a community that promotes risk taking and values different experiences, creating whole group minilessons that meet the needs of emerging and fluent ELLs, scaffolding independent practice for a wide variety of ELLs, scaffolding writing conferences with tools based on ELL students' writing and language needs, facilitating and encouraging students to share and reflect. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Academic Literacy with Low-Proficiency Users of English Simon Green, 2020-01-31 This book analyses the development of academic literacy in low-proficiency users of English in the Middle East. It highlights the challenges faced by students entering undergraduate education in the region, and the strategies used by teachers to overcome them. The author focuses on a large-scale undergraduate teacher programme run in Oman by the University of Leeds, providing clear pointers both for future research and effective practice. He also explores the implications of his findings for countries beyond the Gulf Cooperation Council, demonstrating how international participation in UK HE could be much wider. This book will appeal to students and scholars with an interest in academic literacies and English for Academic Purposes. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Engage the Creative Arts Sharon Adelman Reyes, 2013-06-01 Meeting the needs of English language learners is one of the biggest challenges facing American schools today. Practical classroom strategies are essential, but it is also critical for educators to understand the rationale behind them: why a technique or methodology is working or not working for their students. Engage the Creative Arts is designed to build that understanding while also stimulating teachers' imagination to help them invent new strategies of their own. The book introduces the ENGAGE Framework for Sheltering and Scaffolding Language the Natural Way, an approach developed by Sharon Adelman Reyes based on more than 30 years of experience working with English language learners. It emphasizes methodologies that are grounded in a constructivist educational philosophy and a comprehensive theory of language acquisition. Rather than prescriptive, step-by-step recipes for instruction, it features strategies that are open-ended, creative, and best of all, engaging for students. Engage the Creative Arts is full of hands-on, ready-to-use activities in dramatic arts, creative writing, music and rhythm, dance and movement, and visual arts, along with ideas for developing many more. But the ENGAGE Framework can be applied to any academic content area. And it is designed for all teachers who work with second language learners, whether in bilingual, English as a second language, dual immersion, heritage language, or world language classrooms. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Teaching Language Teachers Gabriel Díaz-Maggioli, 2012 Teaching Language Teachers: Scaffolding Professional Learning provides an updated view of as well as a reader-friendly introduction to the field of Teaching Teachers, with special reference to language teaching. By taking a decidedly Sociocultural perspective, the book addresses the main role of the Teacher of Teachers (ToT) as that of scaffolding the professional learning of aspiring teachers. Each of the eight chapters deals with a particular view of this scaffolding process, from understanding and reviewing the learning needs of aspiring teachers, to designing and delivering courses and materials, observing teachers, teaching online and engaging in continuous professional development. Authoritatively written, though accessible to newcomers to the field, this book will prove to be an invaluable addition to the library whether you are a seasoned teacher educator, a new coordinator, director of studies, supervisor or teacher trainer. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Academic Conversations Jeff Zwiers, Marie Crawford, 2023-10-10 Conversing with others has given insights to different perspectives, helped build ideas, and solve problems. Academic conversations push students to think and learn in lasting ways. Academic conversations are back-and-forth dialogues in which students focus on a topic and explore it by building, challenging, and negotiating relevant ideas. In Academic Conversations: Classroom Talk that Fosters Critical Thinking and Content Understandings authors Jeff Zwiers and Marie Crawford address the challenges teachers face when trying to bring thoughtful, respectful, and focused conversations into the classroom. They identify five core communications skills needed to help students hold productive academic conversation across content areas: Elaborating and Clarifying Supporting Ideas with Evidence Building On and/or Challenging Ideas Paraphrasing Synthesizing This book shows teachers how to weave the cultivation of academic conversation skills and conversations into current teaching approaches. More specifically, it describes how to use conversations to build the following: Academic vocabulary and grammar Critical thinking skills such as persuasion, interpretation, consideration of multiple perspectives, evaluation, and application Literacy skills such as questioning, predicting, connecting to prior knowledge, and summarizing An academic classroom environment brimming with respect for others' ideas, equity of voice, engagement, and mutual support The ideas in this book stem from many hours of classroom practice, research, and video analysis across grade levels and content areas. Readers will find numerous practical activities for working on each conversation skill, crafting conversation-worthy tasks, and using conversations to teach and assess. Academic Conversations offers an in-depth approach to helping students develop into the future parents, teachers, and leaders who will collaborate to build a better world. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Getting Started with the Comprehension Toolkit: Teacher's guide Stephanie Harvey, 2005 The Comprehension Toolkit provides a foundation for developing independent readers and learners across the curriculum and throughout the school year.--Study guide. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Teaching Vocabulary to English Language Learners Michael F. Graves, Diane August, Jeannette Mancilla-Martinez, 2012-11-15 Building on Michael Graves's bestseller, The Vocabulary Book, this new resource offers a comprehensive plan for vocabulary instruction that K–12 teachers can use with English language learners. It is broad enough to include instruction for students who are just beginning to build their English vocabularies, as well as for students whose English vocabularies are approaching those of native speakers. The authors describe a four-pronged program that follows these key components: providing rich and varied language experiences; teaching individual words; teaching word learning strategies; and fostering word consciousness. This user-friendly book integrates up-to-date research on best practices into each chapter and includes vignettes, classroom activities, sample lessons, a list of children's literature, and more. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: How Learning Works Susan A. Ambrose, Michael W. Bridges, Michele DiPietro, Marsha C. Lovett, Marie K. Norman, 2010-04-16 Praise for How Learning Works How Learning Works is the perfect title for this excellent book. Drawing upon new research in psychology, education, and cognitive science, the authors have demystified a complex topic into clear explanations of seven powerful learning principles. Full of great ideas and practical suggestions, all based on solid research evidence, this book is essential reading for instructors at all levels who wish to improve their students' learning. —Barbara Gross Davis, assistant vice chancellor for educational development, University of California, Berkeley, and author, Tools for Teaching This book is a must-read for every instructor, new or experienced. Although I have been teaching for almost thirty years, as I read this book I found myself resonating with many of its ideas, and I discovered new ways of thinking about teaching. —Eugenia T. Paulus, professor of chemistry, North Hennepin Community College, and 2008 U.S. Community Colleges Professor of the Year from The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education Thank you Carnegie Mellon for making accessible what has previously been inaccessible to those of us who are not learning scientists. Your focus on the essence of learning combined with concrete examples of the daily challenges of teaching and clear tactical strategies for faculty to consider is a welcome work. I will recommend this book to all my colleagues. —Catherine M. Casserly, senior partner, The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching As you read about each of the seven basic learning principles in this book, you will find advice that is grounded in learning theory, based on research evidence, relevant to college teaching, and easy to understand. The authors have extensive knowledge and experience in applying the science of learning to college teaching, and they graciously share it with you in this organized and readable book. —From the Foreword by Richard E. Mayer, professor of psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara; coauthor, e-Learning and the Science of Instruction; and author, Multimedia Learning |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Promoting the Educational Success of Children and Youth Learning English National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Science Education, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Committee on Fostering School Success for English Learners: Toward New Directions in Policy, Practice, and Research, 2017-08-25 Educating dual language learners (DLLs) and English learners (ELs) effectively is a national challenge with consequences both for individuals and for American society. Despite their linguistic, cognitive, and social potential, many ELsâ€who account for more than 9 percent of enrollment in grades K-12 in U.S. schoolsâ€are struggling to meet the requirements for academic success, and their prospects for success in postsecondary education and in the workforce are jeopardized as a result. Promoting the Educational Success of Children and Youth Learning English: Promising Futures examines how evidence based on research relevant to the development of DLLs/ELs from birth to age 21 can inform education and health policies and related practices that can result in better educational outcomes. This report makes recommendations for policy, practice, and research and data collection focused on addressing the challenges in caring for and educating DLLs/ELs from birth to grade 12. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Guided Instruction Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey, 2010-10-18 This book explains how teachers can use guided instruction (gradually transferring knowledge and the responsibility for learning to students through scaffolds for learning) to boost students to higher levels of understanding and accomplishment. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Context and Culture in Language Teaching Claire Kramsch, 1993-06-17 This book takes cultural knowledge in language learning not only as a necessary aspect of communicative competence, but as an educational objective in its own right. If the aim of foreign language education is to foster cross-cultural awareness and self-realization, language pedagogy needs to come to grips with a range of fundamental issues: what do we mean by cultural context? Can discourse practices be taught like rules of grammar? What role does literature play in the development of second language literacy? How can learners acquire both an insider's and an outsider's understanding of the foreign culture as expressed through its language? By exploring these and other issues, the book can help language teachers reflect on their profession and place it within its larger societal and educational context. In turn, they can help learners become not only skilful users of the language, but also active architects of a new cross-cultural world order.. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Crime and Punishment Fyodor Dostoevsky, 2025-02-17 “Crime and Punishment” by Fyodor Dostoevsky plunges into the mind of Rodion Raskolnikov, a destitute former student in the teeming, oppressive streets of St. Petersburg. The novel opens with a vivid description of Raskolnikov's impoverished existence, his room a mere “cupboard or box,” and the squalor he endures. Haunted by a desperate idea, he commits a brutal act: the murder of an elderly pawnbroker and her innocent sister, Lizaveta, with an axe. This act is not born of malice, but from a twisted theory that posits the existence of “extraordinary” individuals who are above the law and capable of shaping history. Raskolnikov sees himself as such a man, and the murder as a test of his own will and fortitude. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Amplifying the Curriculum Aída Walqui, George C. Bunch, Peggy Mueller, 2025 Expanded and revised to include four entirely new chapters, this thoroughly updated edition presents a model for how educators can design high-quality, challenging, and supportive learning opportunities for multilingual learners. Starting with the premise that conceptual, analytic, and language practices develop simultaneously as students engage in disciplinary learning, the authors argue for instruction that amplifies—rather than simplifies—expectations, concepts, texts, and learning tasks. They offer clear guidance for designing well-supported lessons with examples that demonstrate the approach in elementary and secondary classrooms across various subject areas (math, science, language arts, and social studies) and contexts (including newcomer classrooms and a new chapter written in Spanish on instruction in students’ home languages). This popular resource guides teachers through the coherent design of tasks, lessons, and units that invite all students to engage in productive, meaningful, dialogic, and intellectually engaging activity. The book concludes with a discussion of where teachers might begin and how teacher educators, professional development providers, and educational leaders can support them in these efforts. Book Features: Provides discipline-specific examples that are fully unpacked to guide teachers in creating ambitious and supportive learning tasks, lessons, and units of study. Supports teachers in their own instructional design by providing guiding tenets, a framework for designing lessons, and multiple examples in different subject areas. Offers a compelling argument, supported with examples and guidelines, that highlights the centrality of interactions in the development of student academic autonomy. Provides practical guidance grounded in sociocultural/ecological theory, applied linguistics, and theories about effective learning of disciplinary practices. Includes real-life lessons that have been successfully implemented in classrooms with multilingual learners at all levels of language proficiency. “The second edition of this fantastic resource for teachers of ELL–classified students and other multilingual learners extends the authors’ original framework of effective ways to amplify highly engaging academic instruction across grade levels, content areas, and home languages.” —Wayne E. Wright, associate dean for research, graduate programs, and faculty development, Purdue University College of Education |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Handbook of Literacy and Technology David Reinking, Michael C. McKenna, Linda D. Labbo, Ronald D. Kieffer, 1998-04-01 The major shift going on today in the technologies of reading and writing raises important questions about conventional conceptions of literacy and its role in education, society, and culture. What are the important characteristics of electronic forms of reading and writing distinguishing them from printed forms? To what extent and in what ways is literacy being transformed by new technologies? This central question is addressed in this volume from diverse, multidisciplinary perspectives. The contributing authors focus on a guiding question in one of the following areas, which correspond to the major sections of the book: *Transforming Texts. What are the new differences between printed and electronic texts, and what are the implications of new textual forms for defining literacy, especially in regard to teaching and learning in schools? *Transforming Readers and Writers. How do electronic reading and writing change conceptualizations of literacy development from childhood through adulthood? *Transforming Classrooms and Schools. What are the effects of introducing new reading and writing technologies into schools and classrooms? *Transforming Instruction. How can instruction be adapted in response to the changing literacy landscape, and how can teachers and students exploit forms of reading and writing to enhance teaching and learning? *Transforming Society. What are the broad societal implications of the increasing prevalence of electronic forms of reading and writing? *Transforming Literacy Research. What are the questions that must be addressed as digital reading and writing become more common, and what approaches to research will be most useful in addressing those questions? This volume is the result of an interactive process. The contributors met as a group to discuss drafts of their chapters at a one-day meeting convened and sponsored by the National Reading Research Center, and had read each others' chapters prior to this gathering. That meeting was followed by a two-day conference attended by approximately 180 researchers, educators, and policymakers who responded to an open invitation to present papers and to attend sessions focusing on the six major themes of the book. Contributors then revised their chapters based on interactions with fellow contributors, conference participants, and volume editors. Thus, this work is more than just a compilation of the individual authors' views. Rather, it represents a synthesis of a broad range of current thinking about how literacy is being and may be transformed by technology. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Jennifer Hammond, 2001 Scaffolding: teaching & learning in language & literacy education. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Educating English Language Learners Fred Genesee, 2006-01-16 The book provides a review of scientific research on the learning outcomes of students with limited or no proficiency in English in U.S. schools. Research on students in kindergarten to grade 12 is reviewed. The primary chapters of the book focus on these students' acquisition of oral language skills in English, their development of literacy (reading & writing) skills in English, instructional issues in teaching literacy, and achievement in academic domains (i.e., mathematics, science, and reading). The reviews and analyses of the research are relatively technical with a focus on research quality, design characteristics, and statistical analyses. The book provides a set of summary tables that give details about each study, including full references, characteristics of the students in the research, assessment tools and procedures, and results. A concluding chapter summarizes the major issues discussed and makes recommendations about particular areas that need further research. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Experiential Learning David A. Kolb, 2014-12-17 Experiential learning is a powerful and proven approach to teaching and learning that is based on one incontrovertible reality: people learn best through experience. Now, in this extensively updated book, David A. Kolb offers a systematic and up-to-date statement of the theory of experiential learning and its modern applications to education, work, and adult development. Experiential Learning, Second Edition builds on the intellectual origins of experiential learning as defined by figures such as John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, Jean Piaget, and L.S. Vygotsky, while also reflecting three full decades of research and practice since the classic first edition. Kolb models the underlying structures of the learning process based on the latest insights in psychology, philosophy, and physiology. Building on his comprehensive structural model, he offers an exceptionally useful typology of individual learning styles and corresponding structures of knowledge in different academic disciplines and careers. Kolb also applies experiential learning to higher education and lifelong learning, especially with regard to adult education. This edition reviews recent applications and uses of experiential learning, updates Kolb's framework to address the current organizational and educational landscape, and features current examples of experiential learning both in the field and in the classroom. It will be an indispensable resource for everyone who wants to promote more effective learning: in higher education, training, organizational development, lifelong learning environments, and online. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Helping English Learners to Write Carol Booth Olson, Robin C. Scarcella, Tina Matuchniak, 2014-04-15 Using a rich array of research-based practices, this book will help teachers improve the academic writing of English learners. It provides specific teaching strategies, activities, and extended lessons to develop EL students’ narrative, informational, and argumentative writing, emphasized in the Common Core State Standards. It also explores the challenges each of these genres pose for ELs and suggests ways to scaffold instruction to help students become confident and competent academic writers. Showcasing the work of exemplary school teachers who have devoted time and expertise to creating rich learning environments for the secondary classroom, Helping English Learners to Write includes artifacts and written work produced by students with varying levels of language proficiency as models of what students can accomplish. Each chapter begins with a brief overview and ends with a short summary of the key points. “These authors are at the very forefront of scientifically testing and validating instructional practices for improving the writing and reading of adolescents who are English learners. Why is their research so good? It is informed by years of experience in the classroom and working with hundreds of teachers across California. What a powerful combination. My advice: ingest, consider, and employ the strategies described here. Your students will become better writers if you do.” —From the Foreword by Steve Graham, Warner Professor of Educational Leadership & Innovation, Arizona State University “This book is a tour de force. It’s up-to-the-minute in offering what teachers and administrators need, and what parents want. With examples of classrooms in action, it incorporates what research tells us about effective teaching and learning, and what the Common Core Standards and related policy are demanding, into successful and engaging activities that the authors' extensive research shows works. Helping English Learners to Write is a must-read. You will dog ear many pages for future use.” —Judith A. Langer, Vincent O’Leary Distinguished Research Professor, Director, Center on English Learning & Achievement, University at Albany |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Language Education Throughout the School Years Frances Christie, 2012-03-20 This volume explores the evolution in language use experienced by children and young people throughout school, and the ways they become more conscious about its multi-functionality and the choices open to them in making meaning. Describes a trajectory of language development in schooling from age 6 to age 18 Draws on systemic functional linguistics to trace changes in the language resources successful children and adolescents use to make meanings in new discourse patterns as they engage in the curricular tasks of science, history, and language arts Explores the way in which content, interpersonal relationships, and textual structure simultaneously evolve over four stages of children’s and adolescents’ development Offers new theoretical insights and practical awareness of the multi-functionality of language |
| scaffolding for english language learners: The ESL / ELL Teacher's Survival Guide Larry Ferlazzo, Katie Hull Sypnieski, 2012-08-06 A much-needed resource for teaching English to all learners The number of English language learners in U.S. schools is projected to grow to twenty-five percent by 2025. Most teachers have English learners in their classrooms, from kindergarten through college. The ESL/ELL Teacher?s Survival Guide offers educators practical strategies for setting up an ESL-friendly classroom, motivating and interacting with students, communicating with parents of English learners, and navigating the challenges inherent in teaching ESL students. Provides research-based instructional techniques which have proven effective with English learners at all proficiency levels Offers thematic units complete with reproducible forms and worksheets, sample lesson plans, and sample student assignments The book?s ESL lessons connect to core standards and technology applications This hands-on resource will give all teachers at all levels the information they need to be effective ESL instructors. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Teaching Social Studies to English Language Learners Stephen J. Thornton, Bárbara C. Cruz, 2013-03-12 Teaching Social Studies to English Language Learners provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of both the challenges that face English language learners (ELLs) and ways in which educators might address them in the social studies classroom. The authors offer context-specific strategies for the full range of the social studies curriculum, including geography, U.S. history, world history, economics, and government. These practical instructional strategies will effectively engage learners and can be incorporated as a regular part of instruction in any classroom. An annotated list of web and print resources completes the volume, making this a valuable reference to help social studies teachers meet the challenges of including all learners in effective instruction. Features and updates to this new edition include: • An updated and streamlined Part 1 provides an essential overview of ELL theory in a social studies specific-context. • Teaching Tips offer helpful suggestions and ideas for creating and modifying lesson plans to be inclusive of ELLs. • Additional practical examples and new pedagogical elements in Part 3 include more visuals, suggestions for harnessing new technologies, discussion questions, and reflection points. • New material that takes into account the demands of the Common Core State Standards, as well as updates to the web and print resources in Part 4. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Learning to Learn in a Second Language Pauline Gibbons, 1993 The book is based on the assumption that the classroom program is a major resource for language development, and that a responsive program takes into account the fact that children are not only learning a new language, but that they are learning in that language as well. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Boosting Achievement Carol Salva, Anna Matis, 2017-05-17 |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Academic Language for English Language Learners and Struggling Readers Yvonne S. Freeman, David E. Freeman, 2009 Teaching secondary students in the content areas is hard enough under the best of circumstances. When students are not well prepared academically and also lack academic literacy skills, the challenge can seem overwhelming. Fortunately, the Freemanshelp secondary content-area teachers provide these students with the academic support they very desperately need. -Robert J. Marzano Coauthor of Building Academic Vocabulary Many middle school and high school students are recent immigrants or long-term English language learners who struggle with the academic language needed to read content-area textbooks and write papers for their classes. Likewise, many native speakers of English find content-area classes a challenge. Secondary teachers have little time to teach academic reading and writing skills because they must cover a great deal of content in their social studies, science, math, or language arts classes. Academic Language for English Language Learners and Struggling Readers provides the information busy secondary teachers need to work effectively with English learners and struggling readers. It reports current research to answer key questions: Who are our older English language learners and struggling readers? What is academic language? How can middle and high school teachers help students develop academic language in the different content areas? This comprehensive and readable text by Yvonne and David Freeman (authors of Essential Linguistics) synthesizes recent demographic data on the kinds of English language learners and struggling readers who attend middle and high schools in increasing numbers. They flesh out the statistics with stories of students from different backgrounds. Then the Freemans examine academic language at different levels: the text level, the paragraph level, the sentence level, and the word level. For each, they provide examples of academic language and specific strategies teachers can use as they teach language arts, science, math, and social studies. They also analyze content-area textbooks, pointing out the difficulties they pose for students and suggesting ways to make texts more accessible to ELLs and struggling readers. Providing classroom examples, the Freemans explain how teachers can motivate and engage their students. They describe how teachers can teach language and content simultaneously by developing both language and content objectives. Academic Language for English Language Learnersgives teachers the information and strategies they need to help all their students develop academic language. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Reading Experiences Michael F. Graves, Bonnie B. Graves, 2003 |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Scaffolding Instruction for English Language Learners Racheal R. Pendergrass, 2018 Learning grade level content is a difficult task. Even more so, learning that content in a language that is not your own, makes the task exponentially more complicated. Often times educators lack the background knowledge and experience of learning another language and this hinders their ability to understand and empathize with the difficulties EL's face in the mainstream classroom on a daily basis. This workshop is an active experience where educators are put in a position to See Through their Eyes what it is like when necessary procedural, instructional and verbal support or scaffolding is not integrated throughout instruction. Educators participate in a mock classroom in a foreign language without scaffolding support. The lesson is then repeated using the appropriate scaffolds needed to enhance comprehension of the content material. Explicit teaching on the different forms of scaffolding is given in an interactive manner. The workshop is specifically designed for participants to see a model of procedural, verbal and instructional scaffolding and how it enhances language and academic proficiency for language learners. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: English Language Learners in the Mathematics Classroom Debra Coggins, 2007-02-12 The number of students whose first language is not English is increasing. As a result, many teachers need new resources to adapt their teaching of mathematics to support the mathematical learning of students with limited English, and to include them in rigorous instruction. By incorporating multimodal strategies, teachers can more confidently teach standards-based mathematics that can reach all of their students. Through simple, straightforward language and examples, this resource helps teachers develop specialised understanding and strategy knowledge for supporting a high level of mathematics learning along with language acquisition. |
| scaffolding for english language learners: Strategies for Success with English Language Learners Virginia Pauline Rojas, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2007 Approximately 4.7 million designated English language learners attend public schools (Office of English Language Acquisition, 2002). It is predicted that by the 2030s, English language learners will account for about 40 percent of the school-age population. Yet very few teachers have been trained to address the needs of these students, and the questions they ask are the same as they asked decades ago: Who are English language learners and what are effective ways for schooling them? What kind of educational program brings about the best results? What are sound practices for facilitating English language acquisition? How can English language learners have academic success in subject areas? How do we teach English language learners in our classrooms? - p. 5. |
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