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| significance of statistical methods in geography: Quantitative Geography Richard Harris, 2016-09-13 Numerical data are everywhere. Charts and statistics appear not just in geography journals but also in the media, in public policy, and in business and commerce too. To engage with quantitative geography, we must engage with the quantitative methods used to collect, analyse, present and interpret these data. Quantitative Geography: The Basics is the perfect introduction for undergraduates beginning any quantitative methods course. Written in short, user-friendly chapters with full-colour diagrams, the book guides the reader through a wide range of topics from the basic to the more advanced, including: Statistics Maths Graphics Models Mapping and GIS R Closely aligned with the Q-Step quantitative social science programme, Quantitative Geography: The Basics is the ideal starting point for understanding and exploring this fundamental area of Geography. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: An Introduction to Statistical Problem Solving in Geography J. Chapman McGrew, Jr., Charles B. Monroe, 2009-04-22 Written for undergraduate geography majors and entry-level graduate students with limited backgrounds in statistical analysis and methods, McGrew and Monroe provide a comprehensive and understandable introduction to statistical methods in a problem-solving framework. Engaging examples and problems are drawn from a variety of topical areas in both human and physical geography and are fully integrated into the text. Without compromising statistical rigor or oversimplifying, the authors stress the importance of written narratives that explain each statistical technique. After introducing basic statistical concepts and terminology, the authors focus on nonspatial and spatial descriptive statistics. They transition to inferential problem solving, including probability, sampling, and estimation, before delving deeper into inferential statistics for geographic problem solving. The final chapters examine the related techniques of correlation and regression. A list of major goals and objectives is included at the end of each chapter, allowing students to monitor their own progress and mastery of geographic statistical materials. An epilogue, offering over 150 geographic situations, gives students a chance to figure out which statistical technique should be used for a particular situation. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Data Analysis and Statistics for Geography, Environmental Science, and Engineering Miguel F. Acevedo, 2012-12-07 Providing a solid foundation for twenty-first-century scientists and engineers, Data Analysis and Statistics for Geography, Environmental Science, and Engineering guides readers in learning quantitative methodology, including how to implement data analysis methods using open-source software. Given the importance of interdisciplinary work in sustain |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Geodemographics, GIS and Neighbourhood Targeting Richard Harris, Peter Sleight, Richard Webber, 2005-12-13 Geodemographic classification is ‘big business’ in the marketing and service sector industries, and in public policy there has also been a resurgence of interest in neighbourhood initiatives and targeting. As an increasing number of professionals realise the potential of geographic analysis for their business or organisation, there exists a timely gap in the market for a focussed book on geodemographics and GIS. Geodemographics: neighbourhood targeting and GIS provides both an introduction to and overview of the methods, theory and classification techniques that provide the foundation of neighbourhood analysis and commercial geodemographic products. Particular focus is given to the presentation and use of neighbourhood classification in GIS. Authored by leading marketing professionals and a prominent academic, this book presents methods, theory and classification techniques in a reader-friendly manner Supported by private and public sector case studies and vignettes The applied ‘how to’ sections will specifically appeal to the intended audience at work in business and service planning Includes information on the recent UK and US Census products and resulting neighbourhood classifications |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Quantitative Geography A Stewart Fotheringham, Chris Brunsdon, Martin Charlton, 2000-05-02 Integrating a discussion of the application of quantitative methods with practical examples, this book explains the philosophy of the new quantitative methodologies and contrasts them with the methods associated with geography's `Quantitative Revolution' of the 1960s. Key issues discussed include: the nature of modern quantitative geography; spatial data; geographical information systems; visualization; local analysis; point pattern analysis; spatial regression; and statistical inference. Concluding with a review of models used in spatial theory, the authors discuss the current challenges to spatial data analysis. Written to be accessible, to communicate the diversity and excitement of recent thinking, Quantitative Geog |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Research Methods in Geography Basil Gomez, John Paul Jones, III, 2010-05-10 This comprehensive textbook offers a conceptual and practical introduction to research methodology, data collection, and techniques used in both human and physical geography. Explores a full range of contemporary geographic techniques, including statistics, mathematical analysis, GIS, and remote sensing Unique in both content and organization, it brings together a team of internationally recognized specialists to create a balanced approach between physical geography, human geography, and research techniques Includes a series of foundational chapters offering multiple perspectives on the central questions in research methods Examines the conceptual frameworks and practical issues behind data acquisition and analysis, and how to interpret results Includes explanations of key terminology and exercises throughout |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistics in Geography David Ebdon, 1977 |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistics for Geography and Environmental Science Richard Harris, Claire Jarvis, 2014-05-01 Statistics are important tools for validating theory, making predictions and engaging in policy research. They help to provide informed commentary about social and environmental issues, and to make the case for change. Knowledge of statistics is therefore a necessary skill for any student of geography or environmental science. This textbook is aimed at students on a degree course taking a module in statistics for the first time. It focuses on analysing, exploring and making sense of data in areas of core interest to physical and human geographers, and to environmental scientists. It covers the subject in a broadly conventional way from descriptive statistics, through inferential statistics to relational statistics but does so with an emphasis on applied data analysis throughout. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis Oliver Schabenberger, Carol A. Gotway, 2017-01-27 Understanding spatial statistics requires tools from applied and mathematical statistics, linear model theory, regression, time series, and stochastic processes. It also requires a mindset that focuses on the unique characteristics of spatial data and the development of specialized analytical tools designed explicitly for spatial data analysis. Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis answers the demand for a text that incorporates all of these factors by presenting a balanced exposition that explores both the theoretical foundations of the field of spatial statistics as well as practical methods for the analysis of spatial data. This book is a comprehensive and illustrative treatment of basic statistical theory and methods for spatial data analysis, employing a model-based and frequentist approach that emphasizes the spatial domain. It introduces essential tools and approaches including: measures of autocorrelation and their role in data analysis; the background and theoretical framework supporting random fields; the analysis of mapped spatial point patterns; estimation and modeling of the covariance function and semivariogram; a comprehensive treatment of spatial analysis in the spectral domain; and spatial prediction and kriging. The volume also delivers a thorough analysis of spatial regression, providing a detailed development of linear models with uncorrelated errors, linear models with spatially-correlated errors and generalized linear mixed models for spatial data. It succinctly discusses Bayesian hierarchical models and concludes with reviews on simulating random fields, non-stationary covariance, and spatio-temporal processes. Additional material on the CRC Press website supplements the content of this book. The site provides data sets used as examples in the text, software code that can be used to implement many of the principal methods described and illustrated, and updates to the text itself. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for Geography Peter A Rogerson, 2010-02-11 The Third Edition of this bestselling student favorite has again been revised and updated to provide an expert introduction to the principal methods and techniques needed to understand a statistics module. Features new to this edition include: further introductory material; updated exercises and illustrative examples; updated downloadable datasets Statistical Methods is required reading for undergraduate modules in statistical analysis, statistical methods, and quantitative geography. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Learning Statistics Using R Randall E. Schumacker, 2014-02-03 Providing easy-to-use R script programs that teach descriptive statistics, graphing, and other statistical methods, Learning Statistics Using R shows readers how to run and utilize R, a free integrated statistical suite that has an extensive library of functions. Randall E. Schumacker’s comprehensive book describes in detail the processing of variables in statistical procedures. Covering a wide range of topics, from probability and sampling distribution to statistical theorems and chi-square, this introductory book helps readers learn not only how to use formulae to calculate statistics, but also how specific statistics fit into the overall research process. Learning Statistics Using R covers data input from vectors, arrays, matrices and data frames, as well as the input of data sets from SPSS, SAS, STATA and other software packages. Schumacker’s text provides the freedom to effectively calculate, manipulate, and graphically display data, using R, on different computer operating systems without the expense of commercial software. Learning Statistics Using R places statistics within the framework of conducting research, where statistical research hypotheses can be directly addressed. Each chapter includes discussion and explanations, tables and graphs, and R functions and outputs to enrich readers′ understanding of statistics through statistical computing and modeling. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for Climate Scientists Timothy DelSole, Michael Tippett, 2022-02-24 An accessible introduction to statistical methods for students in the climate sciences. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Analysis Methods and Practice George Grekousis, 2020-06-11 An introductory overview of spatial analysis and statistics through GIS, including worked examples and critical analysis of results. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Practical Statistics for Geographers and Earth Scientists Nigel Walford, 2025-01-10 A practice-oriented and accessible introduction to geographical statistics In the newly revised Second Edition of Practical Statistics for Geographers and Earth Scientists, distinguished researcher Nigel Walford delivers an authoritative and easy-to-follow introduction to the principles and applications of statistical analysis in a geographical context. The book assists students in the development of competence in the statistical procedures necessary to conduct independent investigations, field-work, and related geographical research projects. The book explains statistical techniques relevant to geographical, geospatial, earth, and environmental data. It employs graphics and mathematical notation for maximum clarity. Guidance is provided on how to formulate research questions to ensure that the correct data is collected for the chosen analysis method. This new edition incorporates a new section on exploratory spatial analysis and spatial statistics. It also offers: A thorough introduction to first principles in the statistical analysis of geographical data, including discussions of the quality, content, collection, and acquisition of geographical data In-depth treatments of geographical data exploration, including the taking of statistical measures or quantities, as well as frequency distributions, probability, and hypotheses Comprehensive explorations of testing times, including parametric and nonparametric tests Insightful discussions of relationship investigation, including correlation and regression, as well as the spatial aspects of geographical data Perfect for undergraduates pursuing a degree in geography, Practical Statistics for Geographers and Earth Scientists will also be a valuable tool for students in other earth and environmental sciences. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Techniques in Geographical Analysis Gareth Shaw, Dennis Wheeler, 1994-07-26 Statistical Techniques in Geographical Analysis Second Edition Gareth Shaw Department of Geography, University of Exeter and Dennis Wheeler Department of Geography, University of Sunderland The second edition of this widely-used undergraduate textbook is shorter than its predecessor, but now contains a thorough treatment of computational methods. It aims to cover degree students’ needs in statistical methods from their first to final years. Assuming no more than basic secondary or high school mathematics, the authors provide coverage of a range of techniques, from simple descriptive to parametric and non-parametric methods in bivariate and multivariate settings. Almost invariably, each techniques is introduced ‘manually’, followed up by the appropriate application using either the SPSS or MINITAB software packages — the two statistical packages most widely used by geographers. Topics are introduced in an orderly sequence, reinforced by worked examples, so that the book can be equally valuable as part of a teaching scheme, as an aid in distance learning or as an accessible reference source on the different techniques. Fulton textbooks for geography students The Middle East: a Geographical Study, Second Edition Peter Beaumont, Gerald Blake and Malcolm Wagstaff 1-85346-093-1 640 pages Paperback Cities in Space: City as Place David Herbert and Colin Thomas 352 pages 1-85346-109-1 Paperback 1-85346-138-5 Hardback The European City: a Western Perspective, Second Edition David Burtenshaw, Michael Bateman and Gregory Ashworth 1-85346-030-3 324 pages Paperback Retailing: Shopping, Society, Space Larry O’Brien and Frank Harris 1-85346-122-9 160 pages Paperback |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods Of Analysis Chin Long Chiang, 2003-10-01 This textbook systematically presents fundamental methods of statistical analysis: from probability and statistical distributions, through basic concepts of statistical inference, to a collection of methods of analysis useful for scientific research. It is rich in tables, diagrams, and examples, in addition to theoretical justification of the methods of analysis introduced. Each chapter has a section entitled “Exercises and Problems” to accompany the text. There are altogether about 300 exercises and problems, answers to the selected problems are given. A section entitled “Proof of the Results in This Chapter” in each chapter provides interested readers with material for further study. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Analysis of Coastal Environments Sarah M. Hamylton, 2017-04-13 This book covers the spatial analytical tools needed to map, monitor and explain or predict coastal features, with accompanying online exercises. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Geography Zamir Alvi, 2002 The use of statistical techniques in geography received an impetus only after the Second World War. Since then, application of statistical techniques in social sciences has increased enormously making it essential for geographers to acquire training in elementary statistical methods, particularly after the sixties when statistical geography came to occupy a distinct part of the post-graduate syllabus. The main object of this book is to introduce the students to some of the concepts of statistical analytical methods. The fundamentals of statistics have been elaborated so as to make it easily understandable even to those who do not have any background of mathematics. Greater emphasis has been laid on the application of statistical techniques in geography and hence each chapter has been punctuated with illustrations. The book especially deals with problems on standard deviation, probability, variance analysis, correlation, and regression which are indispensable for researchers in geography in general and in the social sciences in particular. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Introducing Quantitative Geography Larry O'Brien, 2005-10-09 A unique introduction to contemporary quantitative geography, integrating material suitable for both introductory and more advanced courses. No previous knowledge is required and worked examples and computer analyses help student understanding. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: An Introduction to Scientific Research Methods in Geography and Environmental Studies Daniel Montello, Paul Sutton, 2012-12-10 Covers a broad range of subjects that undergraduates in the discipline should be familiar and comfortable with upon graduation. From chapters on the scientific method and fundamental research concepts, to experimental design, sampling and statistical analysis, the text offers an excellent introduction to the key concepts of geographical research. The content is applicable for students at the beginning of their studies right through to planning and conducting dissertations. The book has also been of particular support in designing my level 1 and 2 tutorials which cover similar ground to several of the chapters. - Joseph Mallalieu, School of Geography, Leeds University Montello and Sutton is one of the best texts I′ve used in seminars on research methodology. The text offers a clear balance of quantitative vs. qualitative and physical vs. human which I′ve found particularly valuable. The chapters on research ethics, scientific communication, information technologies and data visualization are excellent. - Kenneth E. Foote, Department of Geography, University of Colorado at Boulder This is a broad and integrative introduction to the conduct and interpretation of scientific research, covering both geography and environmental studies. Written for undergraduate and postgraduate students, it: Explains both the conceptual and the technical aspects of research, as well as all phases of the research process Combines approaches in physical geography and environmental science, human geography and human-environment relations, and geographic and environmental information techniques (such as GIS, cartography, and remote sensing) Combines natural and social scientific approaches common to subjects in geography and environmental studies Includes case studies of actual research projects to demonstrate the breadth of approaches taken It will be core reading for students studying scientific research methods in geography, environmental studies and related disciplines such as planning and earth science. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Analysis of Climate Extremes Manfred Mudelsee, 2020 The risks posed by climate change and its effect on climate extremes are an increasingly pressing societal problem. This book provides an accessible overview of the statistical analysis methods which can be used to investigate climate extremes and analyse potential risk. The statistical analysis methods are illustrated with case studies on extremes in the three major climate variables: temperature, precipitation, and wind speed. The book also provides datasets and access to appropriate analysis software, allowing the reader to replicate the case study calculations. Providing the necessary tools to analyse climate risk, this book is invaluable for students and researchers working in the climate sciences, as well as risk analysts interested in climate extremes. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics Neil J. Salkind, 2006-10-13 The study of measurement and statistics can be less than inviting. However, in fields as varying as education, politics, and health care, assessment and the use of measurement and statistics have become integral parts of almost every activity undertaken. These activities require the organization of ideas, the generation of hypotheses, the collection of data, and the interpretation, illustration, and analysis of data. No matter where educated people look, this critical analysis is more important than ever in an age where information—and lots of it—is readily available. The ideas and tools contained in the Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics are approachable and can be invaluable for understanding a very technical world and the increasing flow of information. Although there are references that cover statistics and assessment in depth, none provides as comprehensive a resource in as focused and accessible a manner as the three volumes of this Encyclopedia. Through approximately 500 contributions, experts provide an overview and an explanation of the major topics in these two areas. Key Features Covers every major facet of these two different, but highly integrated disciplines—from mean, mode, and median to reliability, validity, significance, correlation, and much more—all without overwhelming the informed reader Offers cross-disciplinary coverage, with contributions from and applications to the fields of Psychology, Education, Sociology, Human Development, Political Science, Business and Management, Public Health, and others Provides cross-reference terms, further readings, and Web site URLs following most entries, as well as an extensive set of appendices and an annotated list of organizations relevant to measurement and statistics Appendices Features Appendix A is a guide to basic statistics for those readers who might like an instructional step-by-step presentation of basic concepts in statistics and measurement Appendix B is a table of critical values used in hypothesis testing and an important part of any reference in this area Appendix C represents a collection of some important and useful measurement and statistics Internet sites A primary goal of creating this set of volumes is to open up the broad discipline of measurement and statistics to a wider and more general audience than usual. Edited by bestselling author Neil J. Salkind, this Encyclopedia is specifically designed to appeal to beginning and intermediate-level students, practitioners, researchers, and consumers of information. It is a welcome addition to any academic library. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: How to Manage, Analyze, and Interpret Survey Data Arlene Fink, 2003 Shows how to manage survey data and become better users of statistical and qualitative survey information. This book explains the basic vocabulary of data management and statistics, and demonstrates the principles and logic behind the selection and interpretation of commonly used statistical and qualitative methods to analyze survey data. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Richard O. Gilbert, 1987-02-15 This book discusses a broad range of statistical design and analysis methods that are particularly well suited to pollution data. It explains key statistical techniques in easy-to-comprehend terms and uses practical examples, exercises, and case studies to illustrate procedures. Dr. Gilbert begins by discussing a space-time framework for sampling pollutants. He then shows how to use statistical sample survey methods to estimate average and total amounts of pollutants in the environment, and how to determine the number of field samples and measurements to collect for this purpose. Then a broad range of statistical analysis methods are described and illustrated. These include: * determining the number of samples needed to find hot spots * analyzing pollution data that are lognormally distributed * testing for trends over time or space * estimating the magnitude of trends * comparing pollution data from two or more populations New areas discussed in this sourcebook include statistical techniques for data that are correlated, reported as less than the measurement detection limit, or obtained from field-composited samples. Nonparametric statistical analysis methods are emphasized since parametric procedures are often not appropriate for pollution data. This book also provides an illustrated comprehensive computer code for nonparametric trend detection and estimation analyses as well as nineteen statistical tables to permit easy application of the discussed statistical techniques. In addition, many publications are cited that deal with the design of pollution studies and the statistical analysis of pollution data. This sourcebook will be a useful tool for applied statisticians, ecologists, radioecologists, hydrologists, biologists, environmental engineers, and other professionals who deal with the collection, analysis, and interpretation of pollution in air, water, and soil. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Analysis of Circular Data N. I. Fisher, 1995-10-12 A unified, up-to-date account of circular data-handling techniques, useful throughout science. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Statistics and Geostatistics Yongwan Chun, Daniel A Griffith, 2013-01-11 Ideal for anyone who wishes to gain a practical understanding of spatial statistics and geostatistics. Difficult concepts are well explained and supported by excellent examples in R code, allowing readers to see how each of the methods is implemented in practice - Professor Tao Cheng, University College London Focusing specifically on spatial statistics and including components for ArcGIS, R, SAS and WinBUGS, this book illustrates the use of basic spatial statistics and geostatistics, as well as the spatial filtering techniques used in all relevant programs and software. It explains and demonstrates techniques in: spatial sampling spatial autocorrelation local statistics spatial interpolation in two-dimensions advanced topics including Bayesian methods, Monte Carlo simulation, error and uncertainty. It is a systematic overview of the fundamental spatial statistical methods used by applied researchers in geography, environmental science, health and epidemiology, population and demography, and planning. A companion website includes digital R code for implementing the analyses in specific chapters and relevant data sets to run the R codes. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for Geography Peter Rogerson, 2001 Statistical Methods for Geography is a systematic introduction to the essential techniques that all students must understand to complete a module in statistical analysis. It provides an integrated overview of spatial data and spatial data analysis. Key features include: - An applied focus on methods for geographers: the text presents a detailed discussion of regression analysis and autocorrelation - the principal methods of statistical inference used in geography. - An introduction to the principles of spatial analysis and spatial patterns, including probability and probability models; hypothesis testing and sampling; analysis of variance; point patterns; and patterns in areal data. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences Jacob Cohen, 2013-05-13 Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of qualifying dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: An Introduction to Scientific Research Methods in Geography Daniel Montello, Paul Sutton, 2006-03-06 This text provides a broad and integrative introduction to the conduct and interpretation of scientific research in geography. It covers both conceptual and technical aspects, and is applicable to all topical areas in geographic research, including human and physical geography, and geographic information science. The text discusses all parts of the research process, including scientific philosophy; basic research concepts; generating research ideas; communicating research and using library resources; sampling and research design; quantitative and qualitative data collection; data analysis, display, and interpretation; reliability and validity; using geographic information techniques in research; and ethical conduct in research. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Research Methods and Statistics for Public and Nonprofit Administrators Masami Nishishiba, Matthew Jones, Mariah Kraner, 2013-09-17 Research Methods and Statistics for Public and Nonprofit Administrators: A Practical Guide is a comprehensive, easy-to-read, core text that thoroughly prepares readers to apply research methods and data analysis to the professional environments of public and non-profit administration. The authors expertly incorporate original case examples to demonstrate concepts using “real actors,” facing specific scenarios, in which research methods must be applied. This unique approach—presented in language accessible to both students new to research as well as current practitioners—guides the reader in fully understanding the research options detailed throughout the text. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Creative Methods for Human Geographers Nadia von Benzon, Mark Holton, Catherine Wilkinson, Samantha Wilkinson, 2021-01-13 Introducing a broad range of innovative and creative qualitative methods, this accessible book shows you how to use them in research project while providing straightforward advice on how to approach every step of the process, from planning and organisation to writing up and disseminating research. It offers: Demonstration of creative methods using both primary or secondary data. Practical guidance on overcoming common hurdles, such as getting ethical clearance and conducting a risk assessment. Encouragement to reflect critically on the processes involved in research. The authors provide a complete toolkit for conducting research in geography, while ensuring the most cutting-edge methods are unintimidating to the reader. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Analysis in Climate Research Hans von Storch, Francis W. Zwiers, 2002-02-21 Climatology is, to a large degree, the study of the statistics of our climate. The powerful tools of mathematical statistics therefore find wide application in climatological research. The purpose of this book is to help the climatologist understand the basic precepts of the statistician's art and to provide some of the background needed to apply statistical methodology correctly and usefully. The book is self contained: introductory material, standard advanced techniques, and the specialised techniques used specifically by climatologists are all contained within this one source. There are a wealth of real-world examples drawn from the climate literature to demonstrate the need, power and pitfalls of statistical analysis in climate research. Suitable for graduate courses on statistics for climatic, atmospheric and oceanic science, this book will also be valuable as a reference source for researchers in climatology, meteorology, atmospheric science, and oceanography. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Epidemiology Paul Elliott, 2000 Spatial epidemiology is concerned with describing, quantifying and explaining geographical variations in disease, especially with respect to variations in environmental exposures at the small-area scale. The recent and rapid expansion of the field looks set to continue in line with growing public, government and media concern about environment and health issues, and a scientific need to understand and explain the effects of environmental pollutants on health. This book brings together contributions from an international group of practitioners from a wide spectrum of disciplines including epidemiologists, statisticians, geographers, demographers and pollution modellers, providing a comprehensive reference on state-of-the-art methods and applications in the emerging field of spatial epidemiology. The book is divided into four sections. Section one gives an introduction to spatial epidemiological studies and summarises data requirements and problems with respect to modelling health events, including bias and confounding. Section two gives an overview of the state-of-the-art in statistical methodology, including Bayesian approaches to disease mapping, cluster detection, analysis of point exposures, geostatistical methods and methods for ecological correlation studies. Section three gives examples of disease mapping and cluster studies, involving mortality data, communicable disease data, Hodgkins disease, diabetes and childhood leukemias. Section four reviews methods ofexposure assessment for use in spatial epidemiological studies, and discusses possible links between exposure and health data in risk asessment, and in the effects on human health of traffic related pollution, water quality and climate change. This book aims to give an authoritative account of current practice and developments in the field. As such it should be of interest to epidemiologists, public health practitioners, statisticians, geographers, environmental scientists and others concerned with understanding the geographical distribution of disease and the effects of environmental exposures on human health. It will be a a valuable source for undergraduate and postgraduate coursees in epidemiology, medical geography, biostatistics, environmental health and environmental science as well as a useful source of reference for health policy makers, health economists, regulators and others in the field of environmental health. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Point Patterns Adrian Baddeley, Ege Rubak, Rolf Turner, 2015-11-25 The locations of trees in a forest, new cases of a disease, or gold deposits mapped in a geological survey are all examples of a spatial point pattern—a dataset that provides the observed spatial locations of things or events. Spatial Point Patterns: Methodology and Applications with R describes the modern statistical methodology and software used for analyzing spatial point patterns. The book provides clear explanations and practical advice on powerful statistical methodology. Online supplementary code makes it easy for readers to begin analyzing their own data. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistics Richard M. Jaeger, 1983-11 An invaluable work for people who need to understand statistics and utilise their results. The book is not technical: its purpose is to teach the reader how to understand and apply statistics. Most of the examples are from education but people in all fields that involve the use of statistics will find this book indispensable. Written with great clarity this is a first-rate statistics book for the non-statistician. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Scope and Methods of Geography Halford John Mackinder, 2020-02 Is geography one, or is it several subjects? More precisely, are physical and political geography two stages of one investigation, or are they separate subjects to be studied by different methods, the one an appendix of geology, the other of history? --Halford Mackinder in The Scope and Methods of Geography, 1887 The Scope and Methods of Geography was published by Halford Mackinder in 1887 in the New Monthly Series of the Royal Geographical Society. It was a manifesto for the New Geography, in which he viewed physical geography and human geography as a single discipline. This publication represented the beginning of an illustrious career as an English geographer and academic. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Methods for the Social Sciences Alan Agresti, Barbara Finlay, 2013-07-30 The fourth edition has an even stronger emphasis on concepts and applications, with greater attention to real data both in the examples and exercises. The mathematics is still downplayed, in particular probability, which is all too often a stumbling block for students. On the other hand, the text is not a cookbook. Reliance on an overly simplistic recipe-based approach to statistics is not the route to good statistical practice. Changes in the Fourth Edition: Since the first edition, the increase in computer power coupled with the continued improvement and accessibility of statistical software has had a major impact on the way social scientists analyze data. Because of this, this book does not cover the traditional shortcut hand-computational formulas and approximations. The presentation of computationally complex methods, such as regression, emphasizes interpretation of software output rather than the formulas for performing the analysis. Teh text contains numerous sample printouts, mainly in the style of SPSS and occasionaly SAS, both in chapter text and homework problems. This edition also has an appendix explaining how to apply SPSS and SAS to conduct the methods of each chapter and a website giving links to information about other software. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Data Analysis Explained Clemens Reimann, Peter Filzmoser, Robert Garrett, Rudolf Dutter, 2008-04-30 Few books on statistical data analysis in the natural sciences are written at a level that a non-statistician will easily understand. This is a book written in colloquial language, avoiding mathematical formulae as much as possible, trying to explain statistical methods using examples and graphics instead. To use the book efficiently, readers should have some computer experience. The book starts with the simplest of statistical concepts and carries readers forward to a deeper and more extensive understanding of the use of statistics in environmental sciences. The book concerns the application of statistical and other computer methods to the management, analysis and display of spatial data. These data are characterised by including locations (geographic coordinates), which leads to the necessity of using maps to display the data and the results of the statistical methods. Although the book uses examples from applied geochemistry, and a large geochemical survey in particular, the principles and ideas equally well apply to other natural sciences, e.g., environmental sciences, pedology, hydrology, geography, forestry, ecology, and health sciences/epidemiology. The book is unique because it supplies direct access to software solutions (based on R, the Open Source version of the S-language for statistics) for applied environmental statistics. For all graphics and tables presented in the book, the R-scripts are provided in the form of executable R-scripts. In addition, a graphical user interface for R, called DAS+R, was developed for convenient, fast and interactive data analysis. Statistical Data Analysis Explained: Applied Environmental Statistics with R provides, on an accompanying website, the software to undertake all the procedures discussed, and the data employed for their description in the book. |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Statistical Analysis of Geographic Information with ArcView GIS and ArcGIS David Wing-Shun Wong, Jay Lee, 2005 |
| significance of statistical methods in geography: Spatial Autocorrelation John Odland, 1988 |
SIGNIFICANCE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of SIGNIFICANCE is something that is conveyed as a meaning often obscurely or indirectly. How to use significance in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Significance.
SIGNIFICANCE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
What are the significances of the limiting conditions imposed in (6.25)? The statistical significances of the differences are discussed in the text. The first set of significances concerns …
SIGNIFICANCE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Significance definition: importance; consequence.. See examples of SIGNIFICANCE used in a sentence.
SIGNIFICANCE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
The significance of something is the importance that it has, usually because it will have an effect on a situation or shows something about a situation.
significance noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of significance noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. the importance of something, especially when this has an effect on what happens in the future. The new drug …
Significance - definition of significance by The Free Dictionary
significance - the message that is intended or expressed or signified; "what is the meaning of this sentence"; "the significance of a red traffic light"; "the signification of Chinese characters"; "the …
What does Significance mean? - Definitions.net
Significance refers to the importance or relevance of something, often characterized by its potential impact, influence, or value. It can also refer to the measure of statistical likelihood or …
Significance - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Significance means having the quality of being "significant" — meaningful, important. It also refers to the meaning of something. A certain date might have significance because it's your birthday …
Significance Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
SIGNIFICANCE meaning: 1 : the quality of being important the quality of having notable worth or influence; 2 : the meaning of something
SIGNIFICANCE Synonyms: 122 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Synonyms for SIGNIFICANCE: meaning, sense, content, intent, intention, import, definition, implication; Antonyms of SIGNIFICANCE: insignificance, smallness, triviality, littleness, …
SIGNIFICANCE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of SIGNIFICANCE is something that is conveyed as a meaning often obscurely or indirectly. How to use significance in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Significance.
SIGNIFICANCE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
What are the significances of the limiting conditions imposed in (6.25)? The statistical significances of the differences are discussed in the text. The first set of significances …
SIGNIFICANCE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Significance definition: importance; consequence.. See examples of SIGNIFICANCE used in a sentence.
SIGNIFICANCE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
The significance of something is the importance that it has, usually because it will have an effect on a situation or shows something about a situation.
significance noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of significance noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. the importance of something, especially when this has an effect on what happens in the future. The new drug …
Significance - definition of significance by The Free Dictionary
significance - the message that is intended or expressed or signified; "what is the meaning of this sentence"; "the significance of a red traffic light"; "the signification of Chinese characters"; "the …
What does Significance mean? - Definitions.net
Significance refers to the importance or relevance of something, often characterized by its potential impact, influence, or value. It can also refer to the measure of statistical likelihood or …
Significance - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Significance means having the quality of being "significant" — meaningful, important. It also refers to the meaning of something. A certain date might have significance because it's your birthday …
Significance Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
SIGNIFICANCE meaning: 1 : the quality of being important the quality of having notable worth or influence; 2 : the meaning of something
SIGNIFICANCE Synonyms: 122 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Synonyms for SIGNIFICANCE: meaning, sense, content, intent, intention, import, definition, implication; Antonyms of SIGNIFICANCE: insignificance, smallness, triviality, littleness, …
