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| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinista Matilde Zimmermann, 2001-01-12 “A must-read for anyone interested in Nicaragua—or in the overall issue of social change.”—Margaret Randall, author of SANDINO'S DAUGHTERS and SANDINO'S DAUGHTERS REVISITED Sandinista is the first English-language biography of Carlos Fonseca Amador, the legendary leader of the Sandinista National Liberation Front of Nicaragua (the FSLN) and the most important and influential figure of the post–1959 revolutionary generation in Latin America. Fonseca, killed in battle in 1976, was the undisputed intellectual and strategic leader of the FSLN. In a groundbreaking and fast-paced narrative that draws on a rich archive of previously unpublished Fonseca writings, Matilde Zimmermann sheds new light on central themes in his ideology as well as on internal disputes, ideological shifts, and personalities of the FSLN. The first researcher ever to be allowed access to Fonseca’s unpublished writings (collected by the Institute for the Study of Sandinism in the early 1980s and now in the hands of the Nicaraguan Army), Zimmermann also obtained personal interviews with Fonseca’s friends, family members, fellow combatants, and political enemies. Unlike previous scholars, Zimmermann sees the Cuban revolution as the crucial turning point in Fonseca’s political evolution. Furthermore, while others have argued that he rejected Marxism in favor of a more pragmatic nationalism, Zimmermann shows how Fonseca’s political writings remained committed to both socialist revolution and national liberation from U.S. imperialism and followed the ideas of both Che Guevara and the earlier Nicaraguan leader Augusto César Sandino. She further argues that his philosophy embracing the experiences of the nation’s workers and peasants was central to the FSLN’s initial platform and charismatic appeal. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinistas Robert J. Sierakowski, 2025-07-15 A bold new perspective on the liberation movement that brought the Sandinista National Liberation Front to power, overthrowing the longest-running dictatorship in Latin America. Robert J. Sierakowski's Sandinistas: A Moral History offers a new vantage point of the Sandinista movement beyond geopolitics and ideologies in 1979 Nicaragua. Using unique sources, from trial transcripts to archival collections and oral histories, Sierakowski shows the central role that was played by everyday Nicaraguans. Focusing on the country's rural north, Sierakowski explores how a diverse coalition of labor unionists, student activists, housewives, and peasants inspired by Catholic liberation theology came to successfully challenge the legitimacy of the Somoza dictatorship and its entrenched networks of power. Mobilizing communities against the ubiquitous cantinas, gambling halls, and brothels, grassroots organizers exposed the regime's complicity in promoting social ills, disorder, and quotidian violence while helping to construct radical new visions of moral uplift and social renewal. Sierakowski similarly recasts our understanding of the Nicaraguan National Guard, grounding his study of the Somozas' army in the social and cultural world of the ordinary soldiers who enlisted and fought in defense of the dictatorship. Sierakowski unearths long buried stories of military repression and violence, including widespread civilian massacres, that pushed thousands of previously unaligned Nicaraguans into the ranks of the guerrilla insurgency by the late 1970s. |
| sandinista national liberation front: What Went Wrong? The Nicaraguan Revolution Dan La Botz, 2016-09-07 This volume is a valuable re-assessment of the Nicaraguan Revolution by a Marxist historian of Latin American political history. It shows that the FSLN (‘the Sandinistas’), with politics principally shaped by Soviet and Cuban Communism, never had a commitment to genuine democracy either within the revolutionary movement or within society at large; that the FSLN’s lack of commitment to democracy was a key factor in the way that revolution was betrayed from the 1970s to the 1990s; and that the FSLN’s lack of rank-and-file democracy left all decision-making to the National Directorate and ultimately placed that power in the hands of Daniel Ortega. Pursuing his narrative into the present, La Botz shows that, once their would-be bureaucratic ruling class project was defeated, Ortega and the FSLN leadership turned to an alliance with the capitalist class. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinistas Dennis Gilbert, 1991-01-08 Sandinistas is about the Nicaraguan revolution and the party that leads it, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN). In the early chapters of the book, author Dennis Gilbert tell who the Sandinistas are and what they believe. He probes the inner workings of the FSLN and the party's relations with the organized masses, the military and the revolutionary state. The second half of the book examines the Sandinistas in action, as they deal with peasants, businessmen, Christians, and Yankees. The final chapter covers the history of US-Nicaraguan relations from 1855-1988. Sandinistas is a balanced, sophisticated, readable account of the most significant revolutionary experience of our day. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandino's Daughters Margaret Randall, 1981 Sandino's Daughters, Margaret Randall's conversations with Nicaraguan women in their struggle against the dictator Somoza in 1979, brought the lives of a group of extraordinary female revolutionaries to the American and world public. The book remains a landmark. Now, a decade later, Randall returns to interview many of the same women and others. In Sandino's Daughters Revisited, they speak of their lives during and since the Sandinista administration, the ways in which the revolution made them strong--and also held them back. Ironically, the 1990 defeat of the Sandinistas at the ballot box has given Sandinista women greater freedom to express their feelings and ideas. |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Undermining of the Sandinista Revolution Gary Prevost, Harry E. Vanden, 2016-07-27 The Sandinista revolution brought dramatic social, economic and political changes to Nicaragua in the 1980s, but in the wake of the electoral defeat of the FSLN in 1990 the revolution has struggled to survive in the face of challenges from the Chamorro administration, the US government, and the International Monetary Fund. Gains of the revolution in health care, education, Atlantic Coast autonomy, agrarian reform, and other areas have been systematically eroded. However, significant efforts have also been mounted, especially in grass roots organizing and by women's organizations, to protect the revolution's achievements. Through a series of articles based on current research, seven experts on contemporary Nicaragua draw a balance sheet on the gains of Sandinista revolution achieved by 1990 and assess the current status of the revolutionary project. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinistas Speak Tomás Borge, 1982 |
| sandinista national liberation front: Before the Revolution Victoria González-Rivera, 2015-06-17 Those who survived the brutal dictatorship of the Somoza family have tended to portray the rise of the women’s movement and feminist activism as part of the overall story of the anti-Somoza resistance. But this depiction of heroic struggle obscures a much more complicated history. As Victoria González-Rivera reveals in this book, some Nicaraguan women expressed early interest in eliminating the tyranny of male domination, and this interest grew into full-fledged campaigns for female suffrage and access to education by the 1880s. By the 1920s a feminist movement had emerged among urban, middle-class women, and it lasted for two more decades until it was eclipsed in the 1950s by a nonfeminist movement of mainly Catholic, urban, middle-class and working-class women who supported the liberal, populist, patron-clientelistic regime of the Somozas in return for the right to vote and various economic, educational, and political opportunities. Counterintuitively, it was actually the Somozas who encouraged women's participation in the public sphere (as long as they remained loyal Somocistas). Their opponents, the Sandinistas and Conservatives, often appealed to women through their maternal identity. What emerges from this fine-grained analysis is a picture of a much more complex political landscape than that portrayed by the simplifying myths of current Nicaraguan historiography, and we can now see why and how the Somoza dictatorship did not endure by dint of fear and compulsion alone. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Nicaraguan Biographies , 1988 |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Patient Impatience Tomás Borge, 1992 Harmonious intertwining of the factual history of Nigaragua with the literary elaboration of Borge's persoal reality produces a fully resonant view of the Nicaraguan revolution--Jacket. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinista Nicaragua's Resistance to US Coercion Héctor Perla, Jr, 2017-02-17 How was the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) of Nicaragua able to resist the Reagan Administration's coercive efforts to rollback their revolution? Héctor Perla challenges conventional understandings of this conflict by tracing the process through which Nicaraguans, both at home and in the diaspora, defeated US aggression in a highly unequal confrontation. He argues that beyond traditional diplomatic, military, and domestic state policies a crucial element of the FSLN's defensive strategy was the mobilization of a transnational social movement to build public opposition to Reagan's policy within the United States, thus preventing further escalation of the conflict. Using a contentious politics approach, the author reveals how the extant scholarly assumptions of international relations theory have obscured some of the most consequential dynamics of the case. This is a fascinating study illustrating how supposedly powerless actors were able to constrain the policies of the most powerful nation on earth. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Inside the Volcano William Bigelow, Jeff Edmundson, 1990 |
| sandinista national liberation front: Solidarity Under Siege Jeffrey L. Gould, 2019-05-23 Depicts the rise and fall of the militant labor movement in modern El Salvador. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Latin America and the Global Cold War Thomas C. Field Jr., Stella Krepp, Vanni Pettinà, 2020-04-08 Latin America and the Global Cold War analyzes more than a dozen of Latin America’s forgotten encounters with Africa, Asia, and the Communist world, and by placing the region in meaningful dialogue with the wider Global South, this volume produces the first truly global history of contemporary Latin America. It uncovers a multitude of overlapping and sometimes conflicting iterations of Third Worldist movements in Latin America, offers insights for better understanding the region’s past and possible futures, and challenges us to consider how the Global Cold War continues to inform Latin America’s ongoing political struggles. Contributors: Miguel Serra Coelho, Thomas C. Field Jr., Sarah Foss, Michelle Getchell, Eric Gettig, Alan McPherson, Stella Krepp, Eline van Ommen, Eugenia Palieraki, Vanni Pettinà, Tobias Rupprecht, David M. K. Sheinin, Christy Thornton, Miriam Elizabeth Villanueva, and Odd Arne Westad. |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Rise and Fall of the Nicaraguan Revolution Jack Barnes, Larry Seigle, 1994 Leaders of the communist movement in the United States, writing as partisans of the Nicaraguan revolution, trace the achievements & worldwide impact of the workers' & farmers' government that came to power in 1979. They examine the political retreat of the Sandinista National Liberation Front that led to the downfall of the government in the closing years of the 1980s. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Adiós Muchachos Sergio Ramírez, 2011-10-21 Adiós Muchachos is a candid insider’s account of the leftist Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua. During the 1970s, Sergio Ramírez led prominent intellectuals, priests, and business leaders to support the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), against Anastasio Somoza’s dictatorship. After the Sandinistas overthrew the Somoza regime in 1979, Ramírez served as vice-president under Daniel Ortega from 1985 until 1990, when the FSLN lost power in a national election. Disillusioned by his former comrades’ increasing intolerance of dissent and resistance to democratization, Ramírez defected from the Sandinistas in 1995 and founded the Sandinista Renovation Movement. In Adiós Muchachos, he describes the utopian aspirations for liberation and reform that motivated the Sandinista revolution against the Somoza regime, as well as the triumphs and shortcomings of the movement’s leadership as it struggled to turn an insurrection into a government, reconstruct a country beset by poverty and internal conflict, and defend the revolution against the Contras, an armed counterinsurgency supported by the United States. Adiós Muchachos was first published in 1999. Based on a later edition, this translation includes Ramírez’s thoughts on more recent developments, including the re-election of Daniel Ortega as president in 2006. |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Nicaraguan Revolution Pedro Camejo, Fred Murphy, 1979 |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Country Under My Skin Gioconda Belli, 2003 This memoir is an account of the Nicaraguan revolution, of meetings with Fidel Castro and exile in Costa Rica, and it is a tale of political and romantic awakening as Gioconda Belli learnt to fight against the shackles of society. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Nicaragua, the Sandinista People's Revolution Bruce Marcus, 1985 |
| sandinista national liberation front: Communist Parties in Nicaragua Source Wikipedia, 2013-09 Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 35. Chapters: Sandinista National Liberation Front, Sandinismo, Role of the Catholic Church in the Nicaraguan Revolution, Sandinista Ideologies, Role of women in Nicaraguan Revolution, Nicaraguan Literacy Campaign, La Penca bombing, Ben Linder, Sandinista Popular Army, Gaspar Garcia Laviana, Marxist-Leninist Popular Action Movement, Junta of National Reconstruction, Luisa Amanda Espinoza Association of Nicaraguan Women, Los Doce, Nicaraguan Socialist Party, Uriel Molina, Joaquin Cuadra, Communist Party of Nicaragua, Rigoberto Cruz, Revolutionary Unity Movement, Workers' Revolutionary Party, Barricada. Excerpt: The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: , or FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto Cesar Sandino who led the Nicaraguan resistance against the United States occupation of Nicaragua in the 1930s. The FSLN overthrew Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending the Somoza dynasty, and established a revolutionary government in its place. Following their seizure of power, the Sandinistas ruled Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990, first as part of a Junta of National Reconstruction. Following the resignation of centrist members from this Junta, the FSLN took exclusive power in March 1981. They instituted a policy of mass literacy, devoted significant resources to health care, and promoted gender equality. Oppositional militias, known as Contras, formed in 1981 to resist the Sandinista's Junta and received support from the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. The 1984 elections, described by international observers as fair and free, were nevertheless boycotted by the main opposition. The FSLN won the majority of the votes. Those who did oppose the Sandinistas won approximately a third of the seats. Despite the clear... |
| sandinista national liberation front: Press Freedom Under Siege Ma. Ceres P. Doyo, 2019 |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Rigoberta Menchú Controversy Arturo Arias, David Stoll, 2001 Guatemalan indigenous rights activist Rigoberta Menchu first came to international prominence following the 1983 publication of her memoir, I, Rigoberta Menchu, which chronicled in compelling detail the violence and misery that she and her people suffered during her country's brutal civil war. The book focused world attention on Guatemala and led to her being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992. In 1999, a book by David Stoll challenged the veracity of key details in Menchu's account, generating a storm of controversy. Journalists and scholars squared off regarding whether Menchu had lied about her past and, if so, what that would mean about the larger truths revealed in her book. In The Rigoberta Menchu Controversy, Arturo Arias has assembled a casebook that offers a balanced perspective on the debate. The first section of this volume collects the primary documents -- newspaper articles, interviews, and official statements -- in which the debate raged, many translated into English for the first time. In the second section, a distinguished group of international scholars assesses the political, historical, and cultural contexts of the debate, and considers its implications for such issues as the culture wars, historical truth, and the politics of memory. Also included is a new essay by David Stoll in which he responds to his critics. |
| sandinista national liberation front: A Radical Faith Eileen Markey, 2016-11-08 On a hot and dusty December day in 1980, the bodies of four American women-three of them Catholic nuns-were pulled from a hastily dug grave in a field outside San Salvador. They had been murdered two nights before by the US-trained El Salvadoran military. News of the killing shocked the American public and set off a decade of debate over Cold War policy in Latin America. The women themselves became symbols and martyrs, shorn of context and background. In A Radical Faith, journalist Eileen Markey breathes life back into one of these women, Sister Maura Clarke. Who was this woman in the dirt? What led her to this vicious death so far from home? Maura was raised in a tight-knit Irish immigrant community in Queens, New York, during World War II. She became a missionary as a means to a life outside her small, orderly world and by the 1970s was organizing and marching for liberation alongside the poor of Nicaragua and El Salvador. Maura's story offers a window into the evolution of postwar Catholicism: from an inward-looking, protective institution in the 1950s to a community of people grappling with what it meant to live with purpose in a shockingly violent world. At its heart, A Radical Faith is an intimate portrait of one woman's spiritual and political transformation and her courageous devotion to justice. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Sandinistas Robert J. Sierakowski, 2019-12-31 A bold new perspective on the liberation movement that brought the Sandinista National Liberation Front to power, overthrowing the longest-running dictatorship in Latin America. Robert J. Sierakowski’s Sandinistas: A Moral History offers a new vantage point of the Sandinista movement beyond geopolitics and ideologies in 1979 Nicaragua. Using unique sources, from trial transcripts to archival collections and oral histories, Sierakowski shows the central role that was played by everyday Nicaraguans. Focusing on the country’s rural north, Sierakowski explores how a diverse coalition of labor unionists, student activists, housewives, and peasants inspired by Catholic liberation theology came to successfully challenge the legitimacy of the Somoza dictatorship and its entrenched networks of power. Mobilizing communities against the ubiquitous cantinas, gambling halls, and brothels, grassroots organizers exposed the regime’s complicity in promoting social ills, disorder, and quotidian violence while helping to construct radical new visions of moral uplift and social renewal. Sierakowski similarly recasts our understanding of the Nicaraguan National Guard, grounding his study of the Somozas’ army in the social and cultural world of the ordinary soldiers who enlisted and fought in defense of the dictatorship. Sierakowski unearths long buried stories of military repression and violence, including widespread civilian massacres, that pushed thousands of previously unaligned Nicaraguans into the ranks of the guerrilla insurgency by the late 1970s. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Toward a Global History of Latin America's Revolutionary Left Tanya Harmer, Alberto Martín Alvarez, 2025-05-06 This volume showcases new research on the global reach of Latin American revolutionary movements during the height of the Cold War, mapping out the region's little-known connections with Africa, Asia, and Europe. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Bernardo and the Virgin Silvio Sirias, 2007-04-27 The year is 1980, and the Sandinistas are newly in power in Nicaragua. Bernardo Martínez, a modest, unassuming tailor in the town of Cuapa, witnesses an extraordinary thing: an otherworldly glow appears around the statue of the Virgin Mary in the church, and soon the Holy Virgin appears. Though a work of fiction, Bernardo and the Virgin is based on the real-life experiences of Bernardo Martínez. Silvio Sirias’s sweeping novel tells many stories, weaving together the true account of this humble, devout man with the moving and often humorous fictional tales of the people whom he influenced and inspired. It is also a stormy epic of Nicaragua through the long Somoza years and the Sandinista revolution. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Nicaragua James D. Rudolph, 1982 This book is an attempt to treat in a compact and objective manner the dominant social, political, economic, and national security aspects of contemporary Nicaraguan society. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Performance, Theatre, and Society in Contemporary Nicaragua Alberto Guevara, 2014-01 Since coming to power in 2007, the Sandinista Front of National Liberation (FSLN) has proclaimed itself the government of the poor and the government of peace and reconciliation. Accordingly, the regime has endeavoured to control and manipulate the symbols, social images, important spaces, and situations of popular struggles for social justice in the country. Under the watch of Daniel Ortega's administration, Nicaragua has become a country where an extraordinary effort is put into social spectacles, propaganda, and theatricality to create the impression of social and economic transformation. While the current regime orchestrates impressive social performances in support of its power, there are other social spectacles marking Nicaragua's urban landscape that tell a different story. performances in support of its power, there are other social spectacles marking Nicaragua's urban landscape that tell a different story. These mine the gap between experiences and promises in today's Nicaragua. The exhibit of suffering bodies in public national spaces as political weapons by pesticide victims, as well as a transvestite circus spectacle in Managua redefine spaces and states of invisibility and visibility by articulating social positions through performance. The bodies of these Nicaraguans--refusing to be invisible--show Nicaragua's ongoing social drama of a predominant social power relation of inclusion and exclusion within a narrative intersected by political power, marginality and theatricality. As spectacularized bodies, they become avenues for showing processes of structural violence. Although there has been some excellent academic research focusing on performance or/and theatre in Nicaragua, such scholarship seldom attends to the very important connections between daily staged public social acts and local, national/global politics that deal directly and indirectly with marginalized social/cultural landscapes in this country. This book fills the gap by examining the connections between Nicaragua's marginalized landscapes and bodies, between social/political visibility and invisibility, and the relationship between social abandonment and social encompassment in the nation. This is an important book for performance studies, social cultural anthropology, theatre studies and Latin American studies. This book is in the Cambria Contemporary Global Performing Arts Series (general editor: John Clum, Duke University) and includes rare images. |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Many Faces of Sandinista Democracy Katherine Hoyt, 1997 Taking power in Nicaragua in 1979 as a revolutionary party, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) was willing to put its fate in the hands of the Nicaraguan people twice, in 1984 and 1990. The party wrote a democratic constitution and then, remarkably, accepted the decision of the majority by relinquishing power upon its defeat in the 1990 election. The Many Faces of Sandinista Democracy explores the conflicts involving different visions of political and economic democracy, as well as new radical thought on participatory democracy. The latter addresses the problems popular organizations encountered as they moved from subservience to the FSLN in the 1980s to the liberating but disorientating electoral defeat of 1990. Up until the moment of defeat, the Sandinistas saw themselves as the true vanguard of the Nicaraguan people, able to submit themselves to free elections, because they felt they truly represented the general will of the people. Dr. Hoyt brings to an international audience for the first time a study of the ideas of several Nicaraguan thinkers. She examines the conflicts surrounding the development of ideas within the FSLN, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of its rare combination of democratic and vanguard principles. |
| sandinista national liberation front: A Faustian Bargain William I. Robinson, 2020-11 This book presents a penetrating analysis of the controversial U.S. intervention in the 1990 Nicaraguan elections. It examines the implications of an undertaking for U.S. foreign policy and for social change in the Third World in the post-cold war era. |
| sandinista national liberation front: The Sandinistas and Nicaragua Since 1979 David Close, Salvador Martí i Puig, Shelley A. McConnell, 2012 How has the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) affected Nicaragua and its politics since the Sandinista revolution of 1979? Addressing this question, the authors offer a comprehensive assessment, discussing the country¿s political institutions and public policy, its political culture, and its leadership, as well as the FSLN as a political party. Their focus is on contemporary issues, but they also carefully sketch Nicaragua¿s history since 1979 to show the evolution of both the FSLN and the nation. |
| sandinista national liberation front: World Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era James Ciment, 2015-03-10 First Published in 2015. This collection holds three volumes. Terrorism is a term that defies easy definition and its meaning has also changed over the course of history. Because this encyclopedia aims at comprehensiveness —across time, geography, and the conceptual landscape —it applies the broadest definition of terrorism: the use of violence or the threat of violence to effect political change through fear, in which the victims of the violence. The encyclopedia is divided into six parts. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Challenges of Party-Building in Latin America Steven Levitsky, James Loxton, Brandon Van Dyck, Jorge I. Domínguez, 2016-10-13 This book presents a new and conflict-centered theory of successful party-building, drawing on diverse cases from across Latin America. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Force of Words Joseph Brown, 2020-08-25 Terrorist groups attain notoriety through acts of violence, but threats of future violence are just as important in attaining their political goals. Force of Words is a groundbreaking examination of the role of threats in terrorist strategies. Joseph M. Brown shows how terrorists use threats, true and false, to achieve key outcomes such as social control, economic attrition, and policy concessions. Brown demonstrates that threats are integral to terrorism on a tactical level as well, distracting security forces, drawing police into traps, and warning civilians out of harm’s way when terrorists seek to limit casualties. Force of Words reorients the field of terrorism studies, prioritizing the symbolic, psychological dimension that makes this form of conflict distinctive. It expands the study of terrorist propaganda by detailing how militants tailor their threats to send the desired political message. Drawing on rich interview data, quantitative evidence, and case studies of the IRA, ETA, the Tamil Tigers, Shining Path, the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement, Boko Haram, the Afghan Taliban, and ISIL, the book offers practical guidance for interpreting terrorists’ threats and assessing their credibility. Force of Words is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the logic of terrorism. |
| sandinista national liberation front: International Encyclopedia of Terrorism Martha Crenshaw, John Pimlott, 2015-04-22 This timely reference book places the growing 20th century phenomenon of terrorism in an historical context. Starting with the use of assassination in Ancient Greece and including the recent bombing of the American military complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, this encyclopedia covers the globe in its presentation of all aspects of terrorism: history, theories of, types of, and responses to, as well methods and techniques. There is a chronology of major terrorist events from 1945, an A to Z listing of terrorist groups and leaders, a select bibliography, and indexes (general, name, and geographical). |
| sandinista national liberation front: No Other Way Out Jeff Goodwin, 2001-06-04 No Other Way Out provides a powerful explanation for the emergence of popular revolutionary movements, and the occurrence of actual revolutions, during the Cold War era. This sweeping study ranges from Southeast Asia in the 1940s and 1950s to Central America in the 1970s and 1980s and Eastern Europe in 1989. Following in the 'state-centered' tradition of Theda Skocpol's States and Social Revolutions and Jack Goldstone's Revolutions and Rebellion in the Early Modern World, Goodwin demonstrates how the actions of specific types of authoritarian regimes unwittingly channeled popular resistance into radical and often violent directions. Revolution became the 'only way out', to use Trotsky's formulation, for the opponents of these intransigent regimes. By comparing the historical trajectories of more than a dozen countries, Goodwin also shows how revolutionaries were sometimes able to create, and not simply exploit, opportunities for seizing state power. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Nicaragua José Luis Coraggio, 2024-05-30 First published in 1986, Nicaragua, written from an insider's point of view breaks the barrier of disinformation which has surrounded the Sandinista revolution. To accomplish this task the author discusses the major forces that have shaped Nicaragua’s development during the past decade as well as all pertinent events leading to and following the revolution. It is the author's contention that the Sandinista revolution is an unusual combination of armed struggle to reach power and democratic procedures to build a new society. This makes the revolution a very dangerous example for the stability of a hegemonic state that tries to pacify the needs of the masses by means of repression and spurious applications of democratic principles. This book's main thesis is that socialism and democracy are not contradictory but are part of the same process. Thus, any attempt to think in terms of necessary stages is misreading the classics of Marx and Lenin. This book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of political science, Latin American studies, Latin American history and politics. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Bombs and Ballots Krista E. Wiegand, 2016-04-15 Eventually, most terrorist and guerrilla groups are defeated by governments or gradually die off - sometimes becoming political parties, democratically participating in the non-violent governance of their states. Yet some terrorist and guerrilla groups maintain military capabilities, using violence and democratic participation simultaneously. Here, Krista E. Wiegand examines the different political strategies that Islamist terrorist and guerrilla groups use to achieve their political objectives. Focussing on Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine, Wiegand skilfully reveals the factors that determine why Islamist militant groups become involved in governance as political parties, how mainstream governments may or may not accept them as legitimate, why some groups like al- Gama'a al-Islamiya in Egypt renounce guerrilla tactics, and how some groups govern whilst employing political violence. Bombs and Ballots is a valuable contribution to the study of state-society relations in the Middle East, exposing the blurred line between terrorist activity and governance. |
| sandinista national liberation front: Understanding Central America John A. Booth, Christine J. Wade, Thomas W. Walker, 2020-01-24 In this seventh edition, John A. Booth, Christine J. Wade, and Thomas W. Walker update a classic in the field which invites students to explore the histories, economies, and politics of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. Covering the region's political and economic development from the early 1800s onward, the authors bring the Central American story up to date. New to the 7th Edition: Analysis of trends in human rights performance, political violence, and evolution of regime types; Updated findings from surveys to examine levels of political participation and support for democratic norms among Central Americans; Historical and current-era material on indigenous peoples and other racial minorities; Discussion of popular attitudes toward political rights for homosexuals, and LGBTQ access to public services; Discussion of women’s rights and access to reproductive health services, and women’s integration into elective offices; Tracing evolving party systems, national elections, and US policy toward the region under the Obama and Trump administrations; Central America’s international concerns including Venezuela’s shrinking role as an alternative source of foreign aid and antagonist to US policy in the region, and migration among and through Central American nations. Understanding Central America is an ideal text for all students of Latin American politics and is highly recommended for courses on Central American politics, social systems, and history. |
Sandinista National Liberation Front - Wikipedia
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas (Spanish …
Sandinista | Nicaragua, Marxist-Leninist Movement | Britannica
Apr 15, 2025 · Sandinista, one of a Nicaraguan group that overthrew President Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending 46 years of dictatorship by the Somoza family. The …
History of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua - ThoughtCo
History of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua - ThoughtCo
Nicaragua, Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN)
The Ortega administration named Sandinista Samuel Santos (b. 1938) foreign minister. Santos began an immediate review of loan conditions from international financial institutions, and …
Sandinista National Liberation Front - New World Encyclopedia
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional) is a leftist political party in Nicaragua that first came to power in 1979, by overthrowing the dictatorship of …
The revolutionary legacy of the Sandinistas – Liberation News
Jul 18, 2015 · Today, the workers and oppressed people of the world stand together to celebrate the 36th anniversary of the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua. This article looks at the …
Understanding the Iran-Contra Affairs - The Iran-Contra Affairs
In 1961, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, or Sandinistas) was founded by Silvio Mayorga, Tomás Borge, and Carlos Fonseca. The group …
Nicaragua's Sandinista Revolution: The Return of Authoritarianism …
Nov 4, 2021 · Nicaragua's Sandinista Revolution: The Return of Authoritarianism and the Struggle for Democracy. Since its independence in 1821, Nicaragua has had a troubled history. Two …
Sandinista National Liberation Front | EBSCO Research Starters
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) is a democratic socialist political party in Nicaragua, originating as a guerrilla group in 1961 with the aim of overthrowing the …
Nicaragua - Sandinista, Revolution, Politics | Britannica
4 days ago · Nicaragua - Sandinista, Revolution, Politics: The new government inherited a devastated country. About 500,000 people were homeless, more than 30,000 had been killed, …
Sandinista National Liberation Front - Wikipedia
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas (Spanish …
Sandinista | Nicaragua, Marxist-Leninist Movement | Britannica
Apr 15, 2025 · Sandinista, one of a Nicaraguan group that overthrew President Anastasio Somoza Debayle in 1979, ending 46 years of dictatorship by the Somoza family. The …
History of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua - ThoughtCo
History of the Sandinistas in Nicaragua - ThoughtCo
Nicaragua, Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN)
The Ortega administration named Sandinista Samuel Santos (b. 1938) foreign minister. Santos began an immediate review of loan conditions from international financial institutions, and …
Sandinista National Liberation Front - New World Encyclopedia
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional) is a leftist political party in Nicaragua that first came to power in 1979, by overthrowing the dictatorship of …
The revolutionary legacy of the Sandinistas – Liberation News
Jul 18, 2015 · Today, the workers and oppressed people of the world stand together to celebrate the 36th anniversary of the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua. This article looks at the …
Understanding the Iran-Contra Affairs - The Iran-Contra Affairs
In 1961, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, or Sandinistas) was founded by Silvio Mayorga, Tomás Borge, and Carlos Fonseca. The group …
Nicaragua's Sandinista Revolution: The Return of Authoritarianism …
Nov 4, 2021 · Nicaragua's Sandinista Revolution: The Return of Authoritarianism and the Struggle for Democracy. Since its independence in 1821, Nicaragua has had a troubled history. Two …
Sandinista National Liberation Front | EBSCO Research Starters
The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) is a democratic socialist political party in Nicaragua, originating as a guerrilla group in 1961 with the aim of overthrowing the …
Nicaragua - Sandinista, Revolution, Politics | Britannica
4 days ago · Nicaragua - Sandinista, Revolution, Politics: The new government inherited a devastated country. About 500,000 people were homeless, more than 30,000 had been killed, …
