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| relational grammar: Relational Grammar Barry Blake, 2002-09-11 Relational Grammar had its beginnings in the early 1970s. In this theory of the structure of language grammatical relations are taken to be `undefined primitives'. The set of relations recognised includes subject, direct object, indirect object and a number of `oblique' relations including benefactive, locative and instrumental. This is the first book that describes the theory's basic ideas, evaluates them and compares them with other approaches in other theories. The treatment is straightforward, and should be comprehensible to anyone conversant with traditional grammatical terminology. All unfamiliar terms and conventions are explained and illustrated. The book is written for students of modern theories of grammar, but it should also be of relevance and interest to descriptive and comparative linguistics. It contains a wealth of data on morphology and syntax and also includes comparisons of Relational Grammar analyses with those of 'non-aligned' linguistics who are working with much the same data. |
| relational grammar: Studies in Relational Grammar 1 David M. Perlmutter, 1983 In this long-awaited book—the first in a three-volume work—David M. Perlmutter has co-authored and edited ten essays that introduce relational grammar, a novel conception of sentence structure that offers far-reaching conclusions for universal grammar. The basic ideas of relational grammar can be simply stated. First, grammatical relations such as 'subject of,' 'direct object of,' and 'indirect object of,' are needed to characterize the class of grammatical constructions in the clausal syntax of natural languages, to formulate universals of grammar, and to construct adequate and insightful grammars of individual languages. Second, the range of linguistic variation in word order and case patterns makes it impossible to define grammatical relations in terms of phrase structure configurations or case. Rather, grammatical relations must be taken as primitive notions of linguistic theory. The papers collected here take up the first of these ideas. They lay out the basic theoretical constructs of relational grammar and discuss three areas of grammar—advancement construction, raising, and clause union. In his introduction, Perlmutter discusses each of the papers—most of which are published here for the first time—and places them in the context of the whole of linguistic study. |
| relational grammar: Studies in Relational Grammar 3 Paul M. Postal, Brian D. Joseph, 1990-12-15 This collection of nine original syntactic studies carried out within the framework for syntactic theory and description known as Relational Grammar provides a state-of-the-art survey of this and allied fields. In relational theory, grammatical relations such as subject, direct object, and predicate are taken to be theoretical primitives which permit the definition of formal objects called Arcs, the fundamental building blocks of syntactic structures. Edited by Paul M. Postal and Brian D. Joseph, this volume is the third in a series highlighting work in Relational Grammar. It extends the foundational studies of the first two volumes to refine and modify the insights, analyses, and theoretical devices developed in earlier connections, while at the same time providing support for some of the earlier constructs and claims. Of the nine papers, four treat various aspects of advancements to and demotions from indirect object; three deal with raising and clause union constructions, in which initial immediate constituents of one structure are nonimmediate constituents of another; and two are concerned with problems in the description and formalization of verbal agreement systems. The nine articles cover languages ranging from Chamorro to English, French, Georgian, Greek, Japanese, Kek'chi, Korean, Southern Tiwa, Spanish, and Tzotzil. |
| relational grammar: Studies in Relational Grammar 2 David M. Perlmutter, Carol Rosen, 1984-05-01 This work and its companion volume, Studies in Relational Grammar 1, introduce the theoretical constructs of relational grammar. This framework is known for its straightforwardness, for its ability to account for exotic data, and for having sparked a wide-ranging, innovative program of research on syntactic universals and typology. Studies in Relational Grammar 2 features analyses of constructions long regarded as anomalous or problematic. This volume shows how theory and data interact. Ideas such as the Unaccusative Hypothesis and the 1-Advancement Exclusiveness Law have led to new discovering, both cross-linguistic and language-internal, which in turn shed light on such questions as the linkage between semantic roles and initial grammatical relations. New solutions to some long-standing problems follow from relational grammar's restrictive clause-structure typology: impersonal passive is an advancement to subject, antipassive a demotion from subject to direct object, and the dative subject phenomenon a demotion to indirect object. These analyses find corroboration in a variety of languages, as do other claims, notably that there exist rules (even of case-marking and verb agreement) that refer to nonfinal grammatical relations. While all these findings bear on the basic problem of syntactic representation, the two opening papers confront that issue directly, arguing that linguistic theory must recognize distinct syntactic levels expressed in terms of grammatical relations. Relational grammar has brought theory together with data from the most diverse languages. It has significantly expanded the data base syntactic theory must account for and has brought its results to bear on fundamental questions of theory design. |
| relational grammar: Grammatical Voice M. H. Klaiman, 2005-11-24 Categories of the verb in natural languages include tense, aspect, modality (mood) and voice. Among these, voice, in its rich and diverse manifestations, is perhaps the most complex. But most prior research concentrates on only certain types, predominantly passives. Voice expresses relations between a predicate and a set of nominal positions - or their referents - in a clause or other structure. Grammatical Voice is the first typological study of voice systems based on a multi-language survey. It introduces a threefold classification of voice types, in the first place distinguishing passivization phenomena (derived voice) from active-middle systems (basic voice); and further, distinguishing each of these from pragmatically grounded voice behaviours, such as focus and inverse systems. As the first comprehensive study of voice systems and voice typology, this book makes a significant contribution to current research in linguistics and grammatical theory. |
| relational grammar: Arc Pair Grammar David E. Johnson, Paul M. Postal, 2014-07-14 Arc pair grammar is a new, extensively formalized, theory of the grammatical structure of natural languages. As an outgrowth of relational grammar, it constitutes a theoretical alternative to the long-dominant generative transformational approach to linguistics. In this work, David Johnson and Paul Postal offer the first comprehensive presentation of this theoretical framework, which provides entirely new notions of all the basic concepts of grammatical theory: sentence, language, rule, and grammar. Originally published in 1981. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
| relational grammar: On Case Grammar John M. Anderson, 1977 |
| relational grammar: Current Approaches to Syntax András Kertész, Edith Moravcsik, Csilla Rákosi, 2019-05-06 Even though the range of phenomena syntactic theories intend to account for is basically the same, the large number of current approaches to syntax shows how differently these phenomena can be interpreted, described, and explained. The goal of the volume is to probe into the question of how exactly these frameworks differ and what if anything they have in common. Descriptions of a sample of current approaches to syntax are presented by their major practitioners (Part I) followed by their metatheoretical underpinnings (Part II). Given that the goal is to facilitate a systematic comparison among the approaches, a checklist of issues was given to the contributors to address. The main headings are Data, Goals, Descriptive Tools, and Criteria for Evaluation. The chapters are structured uniformly allowing an item-by-item survey across the frameworks. The introduction lays out the parameters along which syntactic frameworks must be the same and how they may differ and a final paper draws some conclusions about similarities and differences. The volume is of interest to descriptive linguists, theoreticians of grammar, philosophers of science, and studies of the cognitive science of science. |
| relational grammar: Functional Constraints in Grammar Susumu Kuno, Ken-ichi Takami, 2004-09-30 This book examines in detail the acceptability status of sentences in the following five English constructions, and elucidates the syntactic, semantic, and functional requirements that the constructions must satisfy in order to be appropriately used: There-Construction, (One’s) Way Construction, Cognate Object Construction, Pseudo-Passive Construction, and Extraposition from Subject NPs. It has been argued in the frameworks of Chomskyan generative grammar, relational grammar, conceptual semantics and other syntactic theories that the acceptability of sentences in these constructions can be accounted for by the unergative–unaccusative distinction of intransitive verbs. However, this book shows through a wide range of sentences that none of these constructions is sensitive to this distinction. For each construction, it shows that acceptability status is determined by a given sentence's semantic function as it interacts with syntactic constraints (which are independent of the unergative–unaccusative distinction), and with functional constraints that apply to it in its discourse context. |
| relational grammar: The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) Robert A. Wilson, Frank C. Keil, 2001-09-04 Since the 1970s the cognitive sciences have offered multidisciplinary ways of understanding the mind and cognition. The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) is a landmark, comprehensive reference work that represents the methodological and theoretical diversity of this changing field. At the core of the encyclopedia are 471 concise entries, from Acquisition and Adaptationism to Wundt and X-bar Theory. Each article, written by a leading researcher in the field, provides an accessible introduction to an important concept in the cognitive sciences, as well as references or further readings. Six extended essays, which collectively serve as a roadmap to the articles, provide overviews of each of six major areas of cognitive science: Philosophy; Psychology; Neurosciences; Computational Intelligence; Linguistics and Language; and Culture, Cognition, and Evolution. For both students and researchers, MITECS will be an indispensable guide to the current state of the cognitive sciences. |
| relational grammar: Grammatical Relations Clifford S. Burgess, Katarzyna Dziwirek, Donna B. Gerdts, 1995 This is a collection of discussions of grammatical relations and related concepts using current syntactic theory. |
| relational grammar: Investigations of the SyntaxSemanticsPragmatics Interface Robert D. Van Valin, Jr., 2008-11-21 Investigations of the Syntax-Semantics-Pragmatics Interface presents on-going research in Role and Reference Grammar in a number of critical areas of linguistic theory: verb semantics and argument structure, the nature of syntactic categories and syntactic representation, prosody and syntax, information structure and syntax, and the syntax and semantics of complex sentences. In each of these areas there are important results which not only advance the development of the theory, but also contribute to the broader theoretical discussion. In particular, there are analyses of grammatical phenomena such as transitivity in Kabardian, the verb-less numeral quantifier construction in Japanese, and an unusual kind of complex sentence in Wari’ (Chapakuran, Brazil) which not only illustrate the descriptive and explanatory power of the theory, but also present interesting challenges to other approaches. In addition, there are papers looking at the implications and applications of Role and Reference Grammar for neurolinguistic research, parsing and automated text analysis. |
| relational grammar: Thematic Relations and Relational Grammar Patrick Farrell, 1994 First Published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| relational grammar: Linguistic Theory and Grammatical Description Flip G. Droste, John E. Joseph, 1991-12-13 This volume presents nine of today's grammatical theories with a view to comparing their starting points and their methods. The particular features and properties of each theory are discussed in this book, as well as the major conceptual differences and methodological obstacles each has overcome and has yet to overcome. The parallel structure of the papers makes for easy comparison and cross-reference. This systematic and thorough introduction to the recent history of the discipline provides a state-of-the-art report on current leading tendencies as well as a wealth of directions for future research. |
| relational grammar: Library of Congress Subject Headings Library of Congress, 1998 |
| relational grammar: Library of Congress Subject Headings Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office, 2009 |
| relational grammar: Case and context in Inuktitut (Eskimo) Ivan Kalmár, 1979-01-01 An examination of the circumstances under which a speaker chooses one of three possible Inuktitut sentence types containing both subject and object. This volume also includes a grammatical outline of the North Baffin Island dialect. Published in English. |
| relational grammar: Objects and Other Subjects William D. Davies, Stanley Dubinsky, 2012-12-06 The papers in this volume examine the current role of grammatical functions in transformational syntax in two ways: (i) through largely theoretical considerations of their status, and (ii) through detailed analyses for a wide variety of languages. Taken together the chapters in this volume present a comprehensive view of how transformational syntax characterizes the elusive but often useful notions of subject and object, examining how subject and object properties are distributed among various functional projections, converging sometimes in particular languages. |
| relational grammar: Artificial Vision Stefano Levialdi, Virginio Cantoni, Vito Roberto, 1996-09-19 Artificial Vision is a rapidly growing discipline, aiming to build computational models of the visual functionalities in humans, as well as machines that emulate them. Visual communication in itself involves a numberof challenging topics with a dramatic impact on contemporary culture where human-computer interaction and human dialogue play a more and more significant role. This state-of-the-art book brings together carefully selected review articles from world renowned researchers at the forefront of this exciting area. The contributions cover topics including image processing, computational geometry, optics, pattern recognition, and computer science. The book is divided into three sections. Part I covers active vision; Part II deals with the integration of visual with cognitive capabilities; and Part III concerns visual communication. Artificial Vision will be essential reading for students and researchers in image processing, vision, and computer science who want to grasp the current concepts and future directions of this challenging field. This state-of-the-art book brings together selected review articles and accounts of current projects from world-renowned researchers at the forefront of this exciting area. The contributions cover topics such as: - Psychology of perception - Image processing - Computational geometry - Visual knowledge representation and languages It is this truly multi-disciplinary approach that has produced successful theories and applications for the subject. |
| relational grammar: Grammars and Grammaticality Michael B. Kac, 1992-02-06 At the outset, the goal of generative grammar was the explication of an intuitive concept grammaticality (Chomsky 1957:13). But psychological goals have become primary, referred to as “linguistic competence”, “language faculty”, or, more recently, “I-language”. Kac argues for the validity of the earlier goal of grammaticality and for a specific view of the relationship between the abstract, nonpsychological study of grammar and the investigation of the language faculty. The method of the book involves a formalization of traditional grammar, with emphasis on etiological analysis, that is, providing a “diagnosis” for any ungrammatical string of the type of ungrammaticality involved. Part I justifies this view and makes the logical foundations of etiological analysis explicit. Part II applies the theory to a diverse body of typically generativist data, among which are aspects of the English complement system and some problematic phenomena in coordinate structures. The volume includes pedagogical exercises and especially intriguing is a large analysis problem, originally constructed by Gerlad Sanders using data from Nama Hottentot, which exposes the reader to a syntax of extraordinary beauty. |
| relational grammar: Relational Theory for Computer Professionals C.J. Date, 2013-05-21 All of today’s mainstream database products support the SQL language, and relational theory is what SQL is supposed to be based on. But are those products truly relational? Sadly, the answer is no. This book shows you what a real relational product would be like, and how and why it would be so much better than what’s currently available. With this unique book, you will: Learn how to see database systems as programming systems Get a careful, precise, and detailed definition of the relational model Explore a detailed analysis of SQL from a relational point of view There are literally hundreds of books on relational theory or the SQL language or both. But this one is different. First, nobody is more qualified than Chris Date to write such a book. He and Ted Codd, inventor of the relational model, were colleagues for many years, and Chris’s involvement with the technology goes back to the time of Codd’s first papers in 1969 and 1970. Second, most books try to use SQL as a vehicle for teaching relational theory, but this book deliberately takes the opposite approach. Its primary aim is to teach relational theory as such. Then it uses that theory as a vehicle for teaching SQL, showing in particular how that theory can help with the practical problem of using SQL correctly and productively. Any computer professional who wants to understand what relational systems are all about can benefit from this book. No prior knowledge of databases is assumed. |
| relational grammar: Library of Congress Subject Headings: F-O Library of Congress. Subject Cataloging Division, 1988 |
| relational grammar: Events, Arguments, and Aspects Klaus Robering, 2014-03-15 The verb has often been considered the 'center' of the sentence and has hence always attracted the special attention of the linguist. The present volume collects novel approaches to two classical topics within verbal semantics, namely argument structure and the treatment of time and aspect. The linguistic material covered comes from a broad spectrum of languages including English, German, Danish, Ukrainian, and Australian aboriginal languages; and methods from both cognitive and formal semantics are applied in the analyses presented here. Some of the authors use a variety of event semantics in order to analyze argument structure and aspect whereas others employ ideas coming from object-oriented programming in order to achieve new insights into the way how verbs select their arguments and how events are classified into different types. Both kinds of methods are also used to give accounts of dynamical aspects of semantic interpretation such as coercion and type shifting. |
| relational grammar: General Linguistics Francis P. Dinneen, 1995 A comprehensive overview of the development of language studies from the ancient Greeks through modern theorists, this book focuses on determining what the enduring issues in linguistics are, what concepts have changed, and why. Francis P. Dinneen, SJ, defines the basic terminology of the discipline as well as different linguistic theories, and he frequently compares underlying assumptions in contemporaneous science and linguistics. General Linguistics traces the history of linguistics from ancient Greek works on grammar and rhetoric through the medieval roots of traditional grammar and its assumption that there is a norm for correct speech. Dinneen marks the beginning of modern linguistics with Saussure's concept of an autonomous linguistic structure independent of socially imposed norms, and he details the theoretical contributions of Sapir, Bloomfield, Hjelmslev, Chomsky, Pike, and others. Dinneen considers the relative merits of the different theories and models, evaluating their claims and shortcomings. A thorough introduction to linguistics for newcomers to the field, this book will also be valuable to linguists, psychologists, philosophers, and historians of science for its evaluations of major theoretical concepts in light of enduring issues and problems in language studies. |
| relational grammar: The Syntax of the Albanian Verb Complex Philip L. Hubbard, 2016-11-10 This work, first published in 1985, is an analysis of the syntax of the Albanian verb complex. The term verb complex is defined here as the verb stem and its conjugational endings, together with the perfect auxiliaries and verb clitics. In a wider sense the verb includes the verb and its central arguments: subject, direct object, and indirect object. The analysis is presented in a somewhat expanded version of the relational grammar framework of Perlmutter and Postal (1977). It is argued that by assuming the existence of multiple levels in the syntactic structure of a clause, it is possible to account for the distribution of active and non-active verb forms over the various constructions of Albanian with a single generalisation. This title will be of interest to students of language and linguistics. |
| relational grammar: Interaction of Morphology and Syntax in American Sign Language Carol A. Padden, 2016-11-25 This study, first published in 1988, examines cases of interaction of morphology and syntax in American Sign Language and proposes that clause structure and syntactic phenomena are not defined in terms of verb agreement or sign order, but in terms of grammatical relations. Using the framework of relational grammar developed by Perlmutter and Postal in which grammatical relations such as subject, direct object, etc. are taken as primitives of linguistic theory, facts about syntactic phenomena, including verb agreement and sign order are accounted for in a general way. This title will be of interest to students of language and linguistics. |
| relational grammar: Library of Congress Subject Headings: P-Z Library of Congress. Subject Cataloging Division, 1989 |
| relational grammar: Library of Congress Subject Headings Library of Congress. Office for Subject Cataloging Policy, 1992 |
| relational grammar: The Syntax of Native American Languages Eung-Do Cook, Donna B. Gerdts, 2020-01-13 Preliminary Material /Eung-Do Cook and Donna B. Gerdts --Themes and Absolutives: Some Semantic Rules in Tzotzil /Judith Aissen --Kwakwala Syntax and the Government-Binding Theory /Stephen R. Anderson --Moving Interrogatives without an Initial +wh Node in Tupí /Frank Roberts Brandon and Lucy Ferreira Seki --Clause Reduction in Ancash Quechua /Peter Cole --Choctaw Switch-Reference and Levels of Syntactic Representation /William D. Davies --An Expression of Coreference in Bella Coola /Philip W. Davis and Ross Saunders --A Relational Analysis of Halkomelem Causals /Donna B. Gerdts --Raising to Subject in Moose Cree: A Problem for Subjacency /Deborah James --Empty Categories, Rules of Grammar, and Kwakwala Complementation /Robert D. Levine --Switch-Reference and Subject Raising in Seri /Eung-Do Cook and Donna B. Gerdts --Floating Quantifiers in Pima /Pamela Munro --On the Nonergativity and Intransitivity of Relative Clauses in Labrador Inuttut /Lawrence R. Smith --Index /Eung-Do Cook and Donna B. Gerdts --Contents of Previous Volumes /Eung-Do Cook and Donna B. Gerdts. |
| relational grammar: Language and Human Understanding David Braine, 2014-02-03 Philosopher, psychologist and linguist are all concerned with natural language. Accordingly, in seeking a unified view, Braine draws on insights from all these fields, sifting through the discordant schools of linguists. He concludes that one extended logic or integrated semantic syntax shapes grammar, but without constricting languages to being of one grammatical type. |
| relational grammar: Theories of Case Miriam Butt, 2006-02-16 This 2006 textbook introduces the various theories of case, and how they account for its distribution across languages. |
| relational grammar: Grammatical Relations Peter Cole, Jerrold M. Sadock, 2020-01-13 Preliminary Material /Peter Cole and Jerrold M. Sadock --On Grammatical Relations and Clause Structure in Verb-Initial Languages /Stephen R. Anderson and Sandra Chung --Noun Phrase Accessibility and Island Constraints /Peter Cole, Wayne Harbert, Shikaripur Sridhar, Sachiko Hashimoto, Cecil Nelson and Diane Smietana --In Defense of Spontaneous Demotion: The Impersonal Passive /Bernard Comrie --The Case for Case Reopened /Charles J. Fillmore --On Collapsing Grammatical Relations in Universal Grammar /Judith Olmsted Gary and Edward Louis Keenan --Clause Union and German Accusative Plus Infinitive Constructions /Wayne Harbert --On Relational Constraints on Grammars /David E. Johnson --The Object Relationship in Chi-Mwi:ni, A Bantu Language /Charles W. Kisseberth and Mohammad Imam Abasheikh --A Agrees with B in Achenese: /John M. Lawler --Word Order Universals and Grammatical Relations /Geoffrey K. Pullum --Reference-Related and Role-Related Properties of Subjects /Paul Schachter --Greenlandic Eskimo, Ergativity, and Relational Grammar /Anthony C. Woodbury --Index /Peter Cole and Jerrold M. Sadock. |
| relational grammar: Current Approaches to Syntax Edith Moravcsik, Jessica Wirth, 2020-01-13 Preliminary Material /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth --On Syntactic Approaches /Edith A. Moravcsik --Montague's Syntax /Robin Cooper --Seventeen Sentences: Basic Principles and Application of Functional Grammar /Simon C. Dik --A Synopsis of Tagmemics /Linda K. Jones --Corepresentational Grammar /Michael B. Kac --Functional Syntax /Susumo Kuno --Trace Theory and Explanation /David Lightfoot --An Un-Syntax /James D. McCawley --Relational Grammar /David M. Perlmutter --Equational Rules and Rule Functions in Syntax /Gerald A. Sanders --Daughter-Dependency Grammar /Paul Schachter --Syntax and Linguistic Semantics in Stratificational Theory /William J. Sullivan --Role and Reference Grammar /Robert D. Van Valin Jr. and William A. Foley --Summation and Assessment of Theories /Robert P. Stockwell --An Assessment /Jessica R. Wirth --Basic Issues and Sample Sentences /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth --Index of Languages /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth --Index of Names /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth --Index of Terms /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth --Contents of Previous Volumes /Edith A. Moravcsik and Jessica R. Wirth. |
| relational grammar: Grammatical Relations D. N. S. Bhat, 2002-11 Detailed examination of the grammars of two different Indian languages, Kannada and Manipuri and shows that grammatical relations are neither necessary nor universal. They are examined from the point of view of several linguistic theories. |
| relational grammar: Grammatical Relations Patrick Farrell, 2005-07-01 Patrick Farrell explains how grammatical relations are characterized in modern theories of grammar. He describes the historical development and conceptual precedents of competing theories and, ranging across a wide variety of languages, considers what their merits and limitations are in different contexts. He examines their conceptions of relations such as subject, object, indirect object, agent, patient, and actor, and their accounts of such syntactic phenomena as ergativity, split intransitivity, voice alternations, and case marking. Professor Farrell compares mainstream generative-transformational approaches with both formalist and functionalist alternative approaches, revealing points of convergence and divergence. He identifies and discusses problems and issues of continuing concern and considers how these might be resolved. This is an ideal introduction for graduate students and will be a valuable reference for theoretical linguists of all persuasions. Oxford Surveys in Syntax and Morphology General editor: Robert D. Van Valin, Jr. Advisory editors: Guglielmo Cinque, University of Venice; Daniel Everett, University of Manchester; Adele Goldberg, Princeton University; Kees Hengeveld, University of Amsterdam; Caroline Heycock, University of Edinburgh; David Pesetsky, MIT; Ian Roberts, University of Cambridge; Masayoshi Shibatani, Rice University; Andrew Spencer, University of Essex; Tom Wasow, Stanford University This series provides surveys of the major approaches to subjects and questions at the centre of linguistic research in morphosyntax. Its volumes are accessible, critical, and up-to-date. Individually and collectively they reveal the value of the field's intellectual history and theoretical diversity. The books provide graduate students of syntax, morphology and related aspects of semantics with a vital source of information and reference, and are designed for use in graduate courses. They give the context by which specialist articles can be fully understood. They provide useful background reading for advanced undergraduates researching a specific area. Published Grammatical Relations by Patrick Farrell In preparation Phrase Structure by Andrew Carnie Syntactic Categories by Gisa Rauh Morphology and the Lexicon by Daniel Everett The Phonology-Morphology Interface by Sharon Inkelas Argument Structure: The Syntax-Lexicon Interface by Stephen Weschler The Syntax-Semantics Interface by Jean-Pierre Koenig Information Structure: the Syntax-Discourse Interface by Nomi Erteschik-Shir Language Universals and Universal Grammar by Anna Siewierska Syntactic Change by Olga Fischer Computational Approaches to Syntax and Morphology by Brian Roark and Richard Sproat The Acquisition of Syntax and Morphology by Shanley Allen and Heike Behrens |
| relational grammar: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics P. H. Matthews, 2014-03-13 The third edition of The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics is an authoritative and invaluable reference source covering every aspect of its wide-ranging field. In 3,250 entries the Dictionary spans grammar, phonetics, semantics, languages (spoken and written), dialects, and sociolinguistics. Clear examples - and diagrams where appropriate - help to convey the meanings of even the most technical terms. It also incorporates entries on key scholars of linguistics, both ancient and modern, summarising their specialisms and achievements. With existing entries thoroughly revised and updated, and the addition of 100 new entries, this new edition expands its coverage of semantics, as well as recently emerging terminology within, for example, syntactic theory and sociolinguistics. Wide-ranging and with clear definitions, it is the ideal reference for students and teachers in language-related courses, and a great introduction to linguistics for the general reader with an interest in language and its study. |
| relational grammar: Skeptical Linguistic Essays Paul M. Postal, 2004-01-15 This volume consists of an introduction and two groups of essays by Paul M. Postal, each with a connecting theme. The first, positive group of papers, contains five previously unpublished studies of English syntax. These include a long study of so-called locative inversion, two investigations related to raising to non-subject status, an argument for the existence of a hitherto ignored nominal grammatical category and a study of vulgar negative polarity items. Each investigation of specific English details is argued to have significant theoretical consequences. The second, negative group of papers, contains seven essays each of which seeks to show that aspects of contemporary linguistic activity are in part contaminated by elements of what is called junk linguistics. Postal uses the term to denote work which advances proposals, puts forward claims and asserts deep results which, he argues, can only be accepted by ignoring serious standards of inquiry and scholarship. Postal claims that much of this work is nonetheless currently considered not only serious but prestigious reveals the problem to exist at the core of the field, not its periphery. These chapters include documentation of junk linguistic aspects in National Science Foundation refereeing, work on the foundations of linguistics, and even in widespread terminological usages. The final chapter briefly lists personal suggestions for dealing with this problem. |
| relational grammar: Agreement in Natural Language Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.), 1988-07 Although grammatical agreement or concord is widespread in human languages, linguistic theorists have generally treated agreement phenomena as secondary or even marginal. All the papers in this volume, however, take agreement phenomena seriously, as presenting either a general issue in theory construction or a descriptive problem in particular types of languages. The theoretical perspectives range from purportedly theory-neutral typological frameworks to assumptions about the validity of one or another current formal model. Further, the degree of generality ranges from a universalist nature-of-human-language agenda to concern with one or another aspect of grammatical agreement or with agreement in a single language or language group. |
| relational grammar: The Nature of Syntactic Representation Pauline Jacobson, G.K. Pullum, 2012-12-06 The work collected in this book represents the results of some intensive recent work on the syntax of natural languages. The authors' differing viewpoints have in common the program of revising current conceptions of syntactic representation so that the role of transformational derivations is reduced or eliminated. The fact that the papers cross-refer to each other a good deal, and that authors assuming quite different fram{:works are aware of each other's results and address themselves to shared problems, is partly the result of a conference on the nature of syntactic representation that was held at Brown University in May 1979 with the express purpose of bringing together different lines of research in syntax. The papers in this volume mostly arise out of work that was presented in preliminary form at that conference, though much rewriting and further research has been done in the interim period. Two papers are included because although they were not given even in preliminary form at the conference, it has become clear since then that they interrelate with the work of the conference so much that they cannot reasonably be left out: Gerald Gazdar's statement of his program for phrase structure description of natural language forms the theoretical basis that is assumed by Maling and Zaenen and by Sag, and David Dowty's paper represents a bridge between the relational grammar exemplified here in the papers by Perlmutter and Postal on the one hand and the Montague |
| relational grammar: Major pillars of German syntax Peter Rolf Lutzeier, 2012-01-02 Over the past few decades, the book series Linguistische Arbeiten [Linguistic Studies], comprising over 500 volumes, has made a significant contribution to the development of linguistic theory both in Germany and internationally. The series will continue to deliver new impulses for research and maintain the central insight of linguistics that progress can only be made in acquiring new knowledge about human languages both synchronically and diachronically by closely combining empirical and theoretical analyses. To this end, we invite submission of high-quality linguistic studies from all the central areas of general linguistics and the linguistics of individual languages which address topical questions, discuss new data and advance the development of linguistic theory. |
RELATIONAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of RELATIONAL is of or relating to kinship. How to use relational in a sentence.
RELATIONAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
RELATIONAL definition: 1. that relates to the relationship between members of a group of people or a family: 2. that…. Learn more.
RELATIONAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Relational definition: of or relating to relations.. See examples of RELATIONAL used in a sentence.
RELATIONAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
3 meanings: 1. grammar indicating or expressing syntactic relation, as for example the case endings in Latin 2. having relation.... Click for more definitions.
Relational - definition of relational by The Free Dictionary
Define relational. relational synonyms, relational pronunciation, relational translation, English dictionary definition of relational. adj. 1. Of or arising from kinship. 2. Indicating or constituting …
What does Relational mean? - Definitions.net
Relational, in a general context, refers to anything that establishes, involves, or characterizes the mutual connection, association, or relationship between two or more entities, elements, …
relational adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation ...
existing or considered in relation to something else. Want to learn more? Definition of relational adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example …
RELATIONAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of RELATIONAL is of or relating to kinship. How to use relational in a sentence.
RELATIONAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
RELATIONAL definition: 1. that relates to the relationship between members of a group of people or a family: 2. that…. Learn more.
RELATIONAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Relational definition: of or relating to relations.. See examples of RELATIONAL used in a sentence.
RELATIONAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
3 meanings: 1. grammar indicating or expressing syntactic relation, as for example the case endings in Latin 2. having relation.... Click for more definitions.
Relational - definition of relational by The Free Dictionary
Define relational. relational synonyms, relational pronunciation, relational translation, English dictionary definition of relational. adj. 1. Of or arising from kinship. 2. Indicating or constituting …
What does Relational mean? - Definitions.net
Relational, in a general context, refers to anything that establishes, involves, or characterizes the mutual connection, association, or relationship between two or more entities, elements, …
relational adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation ...
existing or considered in relation to something else. Want to learn more? Definition of relational adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example …
