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| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation David Odgers, Alison Henry (Lecturer), 2013-04-24 Conservation Basics examines the evolving theories and principles that underpin building conservation in England in the 21st century, and looks at their application in practice. The process of conservation planning for the maintenance and repair of historic buildings and places is described in detail, and is illustrated through case studies. Topics include understanding and assessment, surveys and recording, ecological considerations, planning and managing maintenance and repair programmes, risk management, specifying works, and contract procurement. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation Alison Henry, John Stewart, 2012 Mortars, Renders and Plasters provides a broad perspective of contemporaryconservation theory and practice not otherwise found in one publication, describing the history,physical properties, and deterioration of these important materials. Methods of assessing condition and evaluating options for treatment and repair are discussed, together with a range of practical conservation techniques and maintenance strategies. |
| practical building conservation stone: Stone Conservation: Principles and Practice Alison Henry, 2015-12-08 Winner of the RIBA Book Award, this important and timely publication brings together contributions from leading stone conservation practitioners. It discusses the philosophical principles on which stone conservation is founded and the need to understand the full history and development of a building before starting work. Other topics covered in this book include consolidation, cleaning, and the replacement of stone; conservation of different stone types, including limestone, sandstone, and marble; problems of dealing with polychrome stone; and finally, issues relating to church monuments and graveyards, taking account of the need for good maintenance and health and safety requirements. The book is illustrated with the authors' own examples of stone conservation in practice. Architects, surveyors and craftsmen involved in the conservation of stone structures will find this both a practical and useful reference work. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation David Odgers, Alison Henry, 2012 Stone considers the wide variety of historical uses, from simple masonry walling through to elaborate carving and decoration. The book considers why stone decays or fails and how to assess and understand the causes, before concentrating on the practical methods of treatment, repair and maintenance. |
| practical building conservation stone: Epoxy Resins in Stone Conservation Charles Selwitz, 1992-08-27 This book presents a review of research on the use of epoxy resins as consolidants for sculpture and buildings. It deals with both the methods and materials used by conservators, focusing on a detailed chemistry of the materials as well as the practical methods of application. Epoxy resins have been widely used as structural adhesives to repair cracks in commercial and historic buildings, but the application of this technology to the stabilization of fragile stone has generally failed. However, the proper formulation of epoxy systems with solvents has solved problems of viscosity, penetration, crust formation, and discoloration, leading to two different schools of treatment detailed in the publication. Conservators in Europe have concentrated on the treatment of statuary and isolated sections of structures, with alcohol solutions of the resins maintained in contact with the surface for a period of time in order to get deep penetration. In the United States, treatment has focused on stabilizing entire structures or major portions of buildings by spraying them with acetone solutions of epoxy resins. The various techniques of application are discussed and evaluated. The book seeks to provide an expanded inventory of these different techniques allowing the conservator to make informed judgments. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Stone Masonry Peter Hill, John David, 2014-02-04 Practical Stone Masonry is the first major book in nearly seventy years on the craft of the stonemason. Today the work of the stonemason is almost exclusively confined to the repair of historic buildings, requiring a full working knowledge of the detailed traditional craft practices relating to repairs. This book addresses that need. It covers the basic methods of working stone, the making of specialized tools, and, for the first time, a full analysis of the procedures for setting-out for repairs. A broad description of the nature and problems of stone also includes guidance on selection. In addition, the authors look at the causes of decay in stone and outline methods for repair of both stone and mortar. Practical Stone Masonry contains essential advice for working masons and apprentices, and all those engaged in planning and supervising such works. It includes: the basic methods of working stone; how to make specialized tools; the procedures for setting-out for repairs explained; and, the nature and problems of stone plus a guide to selection. |
| practical building conservation stone: Irish Stone Walls Pat McAfee, 2011 Number One Bestseller A unique history and 'how to' book on one of Ireland's most distinctive landscape features - the stone wall. The Irish countryside is a patchwork of over 250,000 miles of stone wall. Built from local stone according to the style of each region - dry stone in the West and the Mourne mountains or mortar elsewhere - these walls are an intrinsic part of the landscape. This unique guide by expert stone mason Pat McAfee covers the history of this ancient tradition, giving illustrated examples and step-by-step instructions on constructing, conserving and repairing stone walls of all types - whether dry stone or mortar. It includes: History of stone in Ireland How to build dry stone and mortar walls Basic and more advanced techniques Dos and don'ts of repair work Appropriate conservation methods |
| practical building conservation stone: Stone Conservation C. A. Price, 1996-09-05 Is research in stone conservation “on the rocks?” This volume, part of the GCI's Research in Conservation series, offers an in-depth critical appraisal of the status of stone conservation research today, identifying areas of strength and weakness in the field as a whole. C. A. Price, a noted British archaeological conservation scientist, discusses recent research on the causes of stone decay, as well as current preventive measures, assessment tools, and treatment durability. He also reviews current research on methods of evaluating the effectiveness of these methodologies and treatments. The book includes a comprehensive survey of the literature, draws from conversations with professionals in the field, and provides recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of research, including the improvement of training, symposia, and research programs and the establishment of conservation policy. |
| practical building conservation stone: Materials and Skills for Historic Building Conservation Michael Forsyth, 2012-08-13 This book is the third in a series of volumes that combine conservation philosophy in the built environment with knowledge of traditional materials, and structural and constructional conservation techniques and technology: Understanding Historic Building Conservation Structures & Construction in Historic Building Conservation Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation The series aims to introduce each aspect of conservation and to provide concise, basic and up-to-date knowledge for architects, surveyors and engineers as well as for commissioning client bodies, managers and advisors. In each book, Michael Forsyth draws together chapters by leading architects, structural engineers and related professionals to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of conservation work. The books are structured to be of direct practical application, taking the reader through the process of historic building conservation and emphasising throughout the integrative teamwork involved. The present volume - Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation – describes the characteristics and process of decay of traditional materials which inform the selection of appropriate repair techniques. It provides essential information on the properties of the principal traditional external building materials. Their availability, sourcing and environmental impact is covered, as well as the causes of erosion and decay, and the skills required for their application on conservation projects. It covers the main most commonly used materials and conservation techniques including stone, brickwork, lime products, concrete, iron and steel, timber, wattle and daub, and glass, Thirteen chapters written by the experts present today's key issues in materials and skills for historic building conservation: Gus Astley, Patrick Baty, Charley Brentnall, Michael Bussell, Michael Forsyth, Tony Graham, Chris Harris, David McLaughlin, Brian Ridout, Mike Stock, Geoff Wallis, Ian Williams, Rory Young |
| practical building conservation stone: Stone in Architecture Erhard Winkler, 2013-03-14 The readers of the first two editions of Stone: Properties, Durabi lity in Man's Environment, were mostly architects, restoration architects of buildings and monuments in natural stone, profes sionals who sought basic technical information for non-geologists. The increasing awareness of rapidly decaying monuments and their rescue from loss to future generations have urged this writer to update the 1973 and 1975 editions, now unavailable and out of print. Due to the 20-year-Iong interval, extensive updating was necessary to produce this new book. The present edition concentrates on the natural material stone, as building stone, dimension stone, architectural stone, and decorative field stones. Recently, the use of stone for thin curtain walls on buildings has become fashionable. The thin slabs exposed to anew, unknown complexity of stresses, resulting in bowing of crystalline marble, has attracted much negative pUblicity. The costs of replacing white slabs of marble on entire buildings with its legal implications have led construction com panies into bankruptcy. We blame many environmental problems on acid rain. Does acid rain really accelerate stone decay that much? Stone preservation is being attempted with an ever-increasing number of chemicals applied by as many specialists to save crumbling stone. Chemists filled this need during a time of temporary job scarcity, while the general geologist missed this opportunity; he was too deeply involved in the search for fossil fuels and metals. |
| practical building conservation stone: Specifications for Building Conservation National Trust (London), 2016 |
| practical building conservation stone: Historic Mortars John J. Hughes, Jan Válek, Caspar J. W. P. Groot, 2018-07-06 This book presents a state of the art in mortar characterisation, experimentation with and applications of new mortars for conservation and repair of historic buildings. This volume includes the following topics: characterisation of historic mortars (methods, interpretation, application of results), development of new materials for conservation (compatibility, durability, mix designs), the history of mortar technology and fundamental experimental studies of material properties. The papers have been selected from those presented at the 3rd Historic Mortars Conference, held in Glasgow, Scotland, September 11-14th 2013. All the papers here underwent a two stage peer review process, for the conference and again for this volume. In some cases this has resulted in a revision and updating of content. |
| practical building conservation stone: A Practical Masonry: A Guide to the Art of Stone Cutting, Comprising the Construction, Setting-Out, and Working of Stairs, Circular Work William R. Purchase, 2022-10-26 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation , 2011 Glass and Glazing looks at the conservation of one of the most important building materials, and its use in windows, roofing and walling. It considers the technological evolution of glass and glazing systems, the processes causing deterioration, and the practical application and long-term implications of common conservation materials and methods, as well as of alterations to improve performance. |
| practical building conservation stone: Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone V. Fassina, 2000-06-13 The conservation of historic monuments, sites and structures constitutes an inter-professional discipline co-ordinating a range of aesthetic historic, scientific and technical methods. Conservation is a rapidly developing field, which, by its true nature, is a multidisciplinary activity with experts respecting one another's contributions and combining to form an effective team. Conservation is an artistic activity aided by scientific and historical knowledge.Main topics at this Congress included: - the most appropriate methodology for the assessment of the degree of weathering of stone - development of new methods and instruments for the diagnosis of the state of conservation, for the study of alteration mechanisms and for conservation treatments. - the definition of Technical European Standard Methods for the evaluation of conservation treatments of artistic and historic stone objects and monuments. |
| practical building conservation stone: Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property R Layton, P Stone, J Thomas, 2003-09-02 In 1991 the mosque at Ayodhya in India was demolished by Hindu fundamentalists who claim that it stood on the birthplace of a legendary Hindu hero. During recent conflicts in former Yugoslavia, ethnic groups destroyed mosques and churches to eliminate evidence of long-term settlement by other communities. Over successive centuries, however, a single building in Cordoba functioned as a mosque, a church and a synagogue. The Roman Emperor Diocletian's Palace in Split is occupied today by shops and residential apartments. What circumstances have lead to the survival and reinterpretation of some monuments, but the destruction of others? This work asks whether the idea of world heritage is an essential mechanism for the protection of the world's cultural and natural heritage, or whether it subjugates a diversity of cultural traditions to specifically Western ideas. How far is it acceptable for one group of people to comment upon, or intercede in, the way in which another community treats the remains which it claims as its own? What are the responsibilities of multinational corporations and non-governmental organisations operating in the Developing World? Who actually owns the past: the landowner, indigenous people, the State or humankind? |
| practical building conservation stone: Stone House , 2009 Have you ever dreamed of building or at least living in a beautiful stone house? For more than five years Stonefield Publishing's Stone House: A Guide to Self-Building with Slipforms has been the prime source for information on a unique method of stone masonry that affords everyone, regardless of their level of building experience, the opportunity to create walls and even homes of stone. The technique has been around for a long time, says author Tomm Stanley, but it's not that well known. Add to that the mystique that surrounds the traditional craft of stonemasonry and there's no wonder that stone houses are not all that common, even in areas where stone is abundant. The book has now been revised and is being re-released with two new chapters, digital enhancement to the original images and new photographs. Stonefield Publishing's Marketing Manager Brad Andersen notes, We've received a lot of great feedback from readers over the years but one consistent issue was the image quality. We took those comments to heart and with technology that wasn't available to us back in 2003 have just brought the photos to life. Tomm says that writing the new chapters and preparing the revised edition for print allowed him to finally complete his original vision of the book. One of the new chapters, called Reflections, could only have been written after the passage of time. It's about looking back and thinking about what could have been done differently, what worked very well and also speculating on potential targets for future alteration. It really finished the story for me and makes it more complete for readers. Stone House focuses on the story of Tomm Stanley's own experience of building his house with the slipform method. This book is certainly not your average how-to offering; it is more like a tapestry of information and entertainment interwoven with technical advice, diagrams and pictures, tales of the owner builder experience and as the title implies, plenty of guidance on how to build your own stone house using the slipform method of construction. It makes great reading for those that are on the way to becoming self-builders as well as the rest of us that dream of such adventures. |
| practical building conservation stone: Good Fences William Hubbell, 2006-09-17 For this stunning new volume, photographer William Hubbell has turned his lens toward New England's ubiquitous stone walls. Beginning with the basic geology of the region and why New England has so many darned rocks, he presents a chronological overview of the varying styles and methods of wall building, and includes conversations with six contemporary wall builders. The result is a surprising and refreshing look at stone walls and at the history of New England. |
| practical building conservation stone: Twentieth-Century Building Materials Thomas C. Jester, 2014-08-01 Over the concluding decades of the twentieth century, the historic preservation community increasingly turned its attention to modern buildings, including bungalows from the 1930s, gas stations and diners from the 1940s, and office buildings and architectural homes from the 1950s. Conservation efforts, however, were often hampered by a lack of technical information about the products used in these structures, and to fill this gap Twentieth-Century Building Materials was developed by the U.S. Department of the Interior’s National Park Service and first published in 1995. Now, this invaluable guide is being reissued—with a new preface by the book’s original editor. With more than 250 illustrations, including a full-color photographic essay, the volume remains an indispensable reference on the history and conservation of modern building materials. Thirty-seven essays written by leading experts offer insights into the history, manufacturing processes, and uses of a wide range of materials, including glass block, aluminum, plywood, linoleum, and gypsum board. Readers will also learn about how these materials perform over time and discover valuable conservation and repair techniques. Bibliographies and sources for further research complete the volume. The book is intended for a wide range of conservation professionals including architects, engineers, conservators, and material scientists engaged in the conservation of modern buildings, as well as scholars in related disciplines. |
| practical building conservation stone: Desalination of Historic Buildings, Stone and Wall Paintings Alison Heritage, Adrian Heritage, Fulvio Zezza, 2014-01-31 The papers contained in this volume examine the salt transport mechanisms between a salt laden substrate and a material applied to its surface; improved methods for assessing desalination treatments and the assessment of the working principle and efficiency of salt extraction poultice systems for use on wall surfaces in monumental buildings by using non-destructive analysis on different material substrates and under different environmental conditions; the results of laboratory tests to evaluate the workability and mechanical properties of fresh poultices; and the assessment of the moisture and ion transport mechanisms active during desalination in different poultice/substrate combinations, by means of nuclear magnetic resonance. |
| practical building conservation stone: Conservation of Historic Stone Buildings and Monuments , 1982 |
| practical building conservation stone: Lectures on Materials Science for Architectural Conservation Giorgio Torraca, 2009-12-01 This book is based on Dr. Torraca's 2002 publication, Lezioni di scienza e tecnologia dei materiali per restauro dei monumenti. The English-language Lectures includes new and updated material. An excellent resource for architectural conservators, engineers, and conservation scientists. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation John Ashurst, |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical Building Conservation, Stone Masonry John Ashurst, Nicola Ashurst, 1988-08-10 |
| practical building conservation stone: Dry Stone Walling Alan Brooks, Sean Adcock, 2004 |
| practical building conservation stone: Hot Mixed Lime and Traditional Mortars Nigel Copsey, 2019 A comprehensive book on the true understanding of hot mixing limes and traditional mortars for the twenty-first century. |
| practical building conservation stone: Nanolime DAVID. ODGERS, 2017-05-08 This guidance is aimed at conservators and those specifying conservation treatments for historic stonework. It will also be of interest to conservation officers, and building owners and managers. Although the past ten years have seen an increase in the use of nanolime as a stone consolidant, not much was known about its properties and performance, and there had been no long-term evaluation of its effect on deteriorated limestone in an external UK environment. Furthermore, there was no consistent guidance regarding application of nanolime. For these reasons, Historic England commissioned a programme of research at the University of Bath and site trials at various English cathedrals. This information will aid practitioners and specifiers to make informed decisions about when and how to use nanolime. This document describes: the performance requirements and essential properties of consolidants in general the scientific theory underpinning the use of nanolime factors that might limit the effectiveness of nanolime the best ways to assess the suitability of stone for treatment with nanolime how to apply nanolime |
| practical building conservation stone: Masonry Mark London, 1988-04-01 When should I repoint an old brick wall? Do I need to clean my brick? What can be done to keep out moisture? Hundreds of questions such as these are answered in this authoritative, lavishly illustrated handbook. Using straightforward advice and enlightening facts, the author explains how to care for and repair old brick and stone structures. |
| practical building conservation stone: Hydraulic Lime Mortar for Stone, Brick and Block Masonry Geoffrey Allen, 2003 This best practice guide to using hydraulic lime mortar is the result of a research project by the UK Limes team which studied the performance application and classification of hydraulic limes for the construction industry. It will prove invaluable for all building practitioners, contractors and tradesmen specifying or handling hydraulic lime on site. Containing many useful tables and charts to assist the practitioner, along with colour illustrations showing lime mortar in use, it also offers practical guidance on: the functions and properties of hydraulic lime; the constituent materials; mixing, reworking, protection and aftercare; and, mortar selection for durability, and health and safety issues |
| practical building conservation stone: Specifications for Building Conservation Rory Cullen, Rick Meier, 2017-09-19 In Specifications for Building Conservation, the National Trust draws on a range of case studies and specifications to provide a much needed guide to specification writing for building conservation. Although traditional building accounts for approximately a quarter of all buildings in the UK, the old skills and understanding required for their care and maintenance have been increasingly eroded over the last century. As the largest heritage charity in Europe, the National Trust has a first class reputation for high standards of conservation and care, and in this three volume set, the Trust brings together a remarkable pool of expertise to guide conservation professionals and students through the process of successful specification writing. This first book focusses on the materials used for the external fabric, detailing successful approaches employed by the National Trust at some of their most culturally significant sites. A range of studies have been carefully selected for their interest, diversity and practicality; showcasing projects from stonework repairs on the magnificent Grade I listed Hardwick Hall to the re-thatching of the traditional cottages of the Holnicote Estate. Complete with a practical Conservation Management Plan checklist, this book will enable practitioners to develop their skills, allowing them to make informed decisions when working on a range of project types. This is the first practical guide to specification writing for building conservation and the advice provided by the National Trust experts will be of interest to any practitioners and students involved in building conservation, both in the UK and beyond. Profits generated from the sale of this publication will go to the National Trust Building Apprenticeship Scheme. This provides placements for traditional skills at National Trust properties. |
| practical building conservation stone: Stone Conservation Clifford A. Price, Eric Doehne, 2011-02-15 First published in 1996, this volume has been substantially updated to reflect new research in the conservation of stone monuments, sculpture, and archaeological sites. |
| practical building conservation stone: Conserving Stone Heritage Francesca Gherardi, Pagona Noni Maravelaki, 2022 The design of treatments for the conservation of stone in historical buildings and works of art is a challenging task, as a deep understanding of the working properties and performance of the available products and methods is required to tackle complex decay patterns. The chapters in this book illustrate the state of the art on traditional and innovative materials and methods for stone conservation, examining current trends and future perspectives. Each of them is focused on describing the consequent phases that complement the spectrum of the conservation intervention: preliminary investigations, condition assessment, and mapping of the deterioration patterns; surface cleaning, with a specific focus on laser technology; consolidation; protection; repair mortars and grouts; and onsite assessment and monitoring of conservation treatments. The performance of the applied conservation interventions is criticized and discussed with an aim of providing the specialists with specific tools for stone conservation. This book intends to bridge the gap between laboratory studies and conservation interventions, by linking together the diverse scientific areas involved in the preservation of stone heritage. Different case studies are included, highlighting specific conservation challenges and their solutions in order to understand and overcome them. The aim is to guide conservators, conservation scientists and heritage stakeholders in the selection of compatible and sustainable materials and techniques for Conserving Stone Heritage. |
| practical building conservation stone: Practical building conservation : English heritage technical handbook. 1. Stone masonry John Ashurst, 1990 |
| practical building conservation stone: Materials and Skills for Historic Building Conservation Michael Forsyth, 2013-02-05 This book is the third in a series of volumes that combine conservation philosophy in the built environment with knowledge of traditional materials, and structural and constructional conservation techniques and technology: Understanding Historic Building Conservation Structures & Construction in Historic Building Conservation Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation The series aims to introduce each aspect of conservation and to provide concise, basic and up-to-date knowledge for architects, surveyors and engineers as well as for commissioning client bodies, managers and advisors. In each book, Michael Forsyth draws together chapters by leading architects, structural engineers and related professionals to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of conservation work. The books are structured to be of direct practical application, taking the reader through the process of historic building conservation and emphasising throughout the integrative teamwork involved. The present volume - Materials & Skills for Historic Building Conservation – describes the characteristics and process of decay of traditional materials which inform the selection of appropriate repair techniques. It provides essential information on the properties of the principal traditional external building materials. Their availability, sourcing and environmental impact is covered, as well as the causes of erosion and decay, and the skills required for their application on conservation projects. It covers the main most commonly used materials and conservation techniques including stone, brickwork, lime products, concrete, iron and steel, timber, wattle and daub, and glass, Thirteen chapters written by the experts present today's key issues in materials and skills for historic building conservation: Gus Astley, Patrick Baty, Charley Brentnall, Michael Bussell, Michael Forsyth, Tony Graham, Chris Harris, David McLaughlin, Brian Ridout, Mike Stock, Geoff Wallis, Ian Williams, Rory Young |
| practical building conservation stone: Understanding Building Stones and Stone Buildings John Hudson, John Cosgrove, 2019-04-24 This book covers the wide spectrum of subjects relating to obtaining and using building stones, starting with their geological origin and then describing the nature of granites, volcanics, limestones, sandstones, flint, metamorphic stones, breccias and conglomerates, with emphasis being placed on how to recognise the different stones via the many illustrated examples from Great Britain and other countries. The life of a building stone is explained from its origin in the quarry, through its exposure to the elements when used for a building, to its eventual deterioration. The structure of stone buildings is then discussed, with explanations of the mechanics of pillars, lighthouses and walls, arches, bridges, buttresses and roof vaults, plus castles and cathedrals. The sequence of the historical architectural styles of stone buildings is explained—from the early days through to postmodern buildings. Special attention is paid to two famous architects: the Roman Vitruvius and the English Sir Christopher Wren who designed and supervised the construction of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. To demonstrate many of the concepts presented, two exemplary stone buildings are described in detail: the Albert Memorial in London and Durham Cathedral in northern England. The former building is interesting because it is comprised of a cornucopia of different building stones and the latter building because of its architecture and sandstone decay mechanisms. In the final Chapter, ruined stone buildings are discussed—the many reasons for their decay and the possibility of their ‘rebirth’ via digital recording of their geometry. The book has over 350 pages and is illustrated with more than 450 diagrams and colour photographs of both the various stones and the associated stone buildings. Readers’ knowledge of the subject will be greatly enhanced by these images and the related explanatory text. A wide-ranging references and bibliography section is also included. |
| practical building conservation stone: Historic Preservation Technology Robert A. Young, 2008-03-21 This introduction to historic preservation goes well beyond the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and shows how wood, stone, masonry, and metal were used in the past and how adaptive re-use can be employed to bring modern amenities to historic structures. The book covers all aspects of the exterior and interior building fabric, including windows, roofing, doors, porches, and electrical and mechanical systems for both residential and small-scale commercial buildings. Richly illustrated with photographs showing typical elements of historic buildings, decay mechanisms, and remediation techniques, the book also contains a variety of useful case studies and features a companion Website that offers dozens of additional images and resources. |
| practical building conservation stone: Traditional Details Charles George Ramsey, Harold Reeve Sleeper, 1998-04-17 A comprehensive source of traditional architectural details for anyone working with old structures Compiling the most useful material from the first four editions of Architectural Graphic Standards published between 1932 and 1951, this book brings back into circulation hundreds of architectural illustrations and standards that have once again become relevant to design work. Chapters cover all facets of building construction from foundations to furnishings and are structured to follow the drawing preparation sequence of a typical rehabilitation project. Architects, designers, and others involved in rebuilding and renovating structures built in decades past will find here many of the details and information used by the original architects and builders. Impeccably organized and beautifully rendered, this handsome reference is both a terrific working tool and a wonderful addition to an architecture library. |
| practical building conservation stone: Conservation of Historic Buildings Bernard Feilden, 2007-06-07 Since its publication in 1982 Sir Bernard Feilden's Conservation of Historic Buildings has become the standard text for architects and others involved in the conservation of historic structures. Leading practitioners around the world have praised the book as being the most significant single volume on the subject to be published. This third edition revises and updates a classic book, including completely new sections on conservation of Modern Movement buildings and non-destructive investigation. The result of the lifetime's experience of one of the world's leading architectural conservators, the book comprehensively surveys the fundamental principles of conservation in their application to historic buildings, and provides the basic information needed by architects, engineers and surveyors for the solution of problems of architectural conservation in almost every climatic region of the world. This edition is organized into three complementary parts: in the first the structure of buildings is dealt with in detail; the second focuses attention on the causes of decay and the materials they affect; and the third considers the practical role of the architect involved in conservation and rehabilitation. As well as being essential reading for architects and others concerned with conservation, many lay people with various kinds of responsibility for historic buildings will find this clearly written, jargon-free work a fruitful source of guidance and information. |
| practical building conservation stone: Geomicrobiology S. K. Jain, A. A. Khan, M. K. Rai, 2016-04-19 Geomicrobiology is a combination of geology and microbiology, and includes the study of interaction of microorganisms with their environment, such as in sedimentary rocks. This is a new and rapidly-developing field that has led in the past decade to a radically-revised view of the diversity and activity of microbial life on Earth. Geomicrobiology e |
| practical building conservation stone: A Graveyard Preservation Primer Lynette Strangstad, 2013-08-28 A Graveyard Preservation Primer has proven itself to be a time-tested resource for those who are seeking information regarding the protection and preservation of historic graveyards. It was first written to help stewards of early burial grounds responsibly and effectively preserve their graveyards. Much information found in the first edition of the book remains valid today. Still, much has changed in the twenty-five years since its first publication, and the new edition reflects these changes. Attitudes and the understanding of historic graveyards as an important cultural resource have grown and developed over the years. Likewise, changes in treatments have also taken place. Perhaps the most dramatic change in burial ground preservation is in the world of technology. Changes in computers and the way we use them have also changed preservation practices in historic graveyards. Discussion of technological changes in the new edition includes those in mapping, surveying, photography, archaeology, and other areas of evaluation and planning. Consideration is given, too, to maintenance and conservation treatments, including both traditional and newer treatments for stone, concrete, and metals. Metals were not discussed in the earlier editions, and protection and preservation of the landscape as it relates to graveyards is an expanded focus of this book. The historic preservation of cemeteries and burial grounds is an aspect within the discipline of historic preservation that is unknown to many. Those whose responsibility is the care of these historic sites may be unfamiliar with appropriate approaches to such areas as documentation, planning, maintenance, and conservation. Unwitting personnel can do irreparable harm to these important cultural resources. The Primer is an effort to protect historic cultural resources by breaching the gap between maintenance staff, cemetery boards, friends’ groups, and graveyard preservation professionals by offering readily available, responsible information regarding graveyard protection and preservation. It is also designed to assist those who would undertake a preservation project in the reclaiming of a neglected or abandoned historic cemetery. The book is generously illustrated with diagrams and photos illustrating procedures and gravemarker and graveyard forms, styles, and materials. The appendix section is completely updated and expanded, offering a worthwhile resource in itself. |
PRACTICAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Aug 2, 2012 · The meaning of PRACTICAL is of, relating to, or manifested in practice or action : not theoretical or ideal. How to use practical in a sentence.
PRACTICAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
PRACTICAL definition: 1. relating to experience, real situations, or actions rather than ideas or imagination: 2. in…. Learn more.
PRACTICAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Practical refers to a person, idea, project, etc, as being more concerned with or relevant to practice than theory: he is a very practical person; the idea had no practical application. …
Practical - definition of practical by The Free Dictionary
1. pertaining to or concerned with practice or action: practical mathematics. 2. consisting of, involving, or resulting from practice or action: a practical application of a rule. 3. adapted or …
practical adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of practical adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
PRACTICAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
consisting of, involving, or resulting from practice or action. a practical application of a rule. of, relating to, or concerned with ordinary activities, business, or work. a habitual dreamer, who …
What does PRACTICAL mean? - Definitions.net
Practical refers to something that is focused on actual use or practice, rather than being abstract or theoretical. It involves or is concerned with actual application, use, or action. It is also often …
practical - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 11, 2025 · practical (comparative more practical, superlative most practical) Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis. Jack didn't get an engineering …
Practical - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory “completely practical in his approach to business” synonyms: hard-nosed , hardheaded , pragmatic
Practical Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
PRACTICAL meaning: 1 : relating to what is real rather than to what is possible or imagined; 2 : likely to succeed and reasonable to do or use
PRACTICAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Aug 2, 2012 · The meaning of PRACTICAL is of, relating to, or manifested in practice or action : not theoretical or ideal. How to use practical in a sentence.
PRACTICAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
PRACTICAL definition: 1. relating to experience, real situations, or actions rather than ideas or imagination: 2. in…. Learn more.
PRACTICAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Practical refers to a person, idea, project, etc, as being more concerned with or relevant to practice than theory: he is a very practical person; the idea had no practical application. …
Practical - definition of practical by The Free Dictionary
1. pertaining to or concerned with practice or action: practical mathematics. 2. consisting of, involving, or resulting from practice or action: a practical application of a rule. 3. adapted or …
practical adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of practical adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
PRACTICAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
consisting of, involving, or resulting from practice or action. a practical application of a rule. of, relating to, or concerned with ordinary activities, business, or work. a habitual dreamer, who …
What does PRACTICAL mean? - Definitions.net
Practical refers to something that is focused on actual use or practice, rather than being abstract or theoretical. It involves or is concerned with actual application, use, or action. It is also often …
practical - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 11, 2025 · practical (comparative more practical, superlative most practical) Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis. Jack didn't get an engineering …
Practical - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory “completely practical in his approach to business” synonyms: hard-nosed , hardheaded , pragmatic
Practical Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
PRACTICAL meaning: 1 : relating to what is real rather than to what is possible or imagined; 2 : likely to succeed and reasonable to do or use
