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| pk assay development and validation: Ligand-Binding Assays Masood N. Khan, John W. A. Findlay, 2009-11-23 A consolidated and comprehensive reference on ligand-binding assays Ligand-binding assays (LBAs) stand as the cornerstone of support for definition of the pharmaco-kinetics and toxicokinetics of macromolecules, an area of burgeoning interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Yet, outside of the Crystal City Conference proceedings, little guidance has been available for LBA validation, particularly for assays used to support macromolecule drug development. Ligand-Binding Assays: Development, Validation, and Implementation in the Drug Development Arena answers that growing need, serving as a reference text discussing critical aspects of the development, validation, and implementation of ligand-binding assays in the drug development field. Ligand-Binding Assays covers essential topics related to ligand-binding assays, from pharmacokinetic studies, the development of LBAs, assay validation, statistical LBA aspects, and regulatory aspects, to software for LBAs and robotics and other emerging methodologies for LBAs. Highlights include: A general discussion of challenges and proven approaches in the development of ligand-binding assays More detailed examination of characteristics of these assays when applied to support of pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies of compounds at different stages in the discovery or development timeline A concise, but detailed, discussion of validation of ligand-binding assays for macromolecules A practical approach to fit-for-purpose validation of assays for biomarkers, those molecules receiving increased attention as potentially demonstrating that the target chosen in discovery is being modulated by the candidate therapeutic, both in nonclinical and clinical studies Written by a team of world-recognized authorities in the field, Ligand-Binding Assays provides key information to a broad range of practitioners, both in the pharmaceutical and allied industries and in related contract research organizations and academic laboratories and, perhaps, even in the field of diagnostics and clinical chemistry. |
| pk assay development and validation: Statistical Methods in Biomarker and Early Clinical Development Liang Fang, Cheng Su, 2019-12-26 This contributed volume offers a much-needed overview of the statistical methods in early clinical drug and biomarker development. Chapters are written by expert statisticians with extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies. Because of this, the data presented is often accompanied by real world case studies, which will help make examples more tangible for readers. The many applications of statistics in drug development are covered in detail, making this volume a must-have reference. Biomarker development and early clinical development are the two critical areas on which the book focuses. By having the two sections of the book dedicated to each of these topics, readers will have a more complete understanding of how applying statistical methods to early drug development can help identify the right drug for the right patient at the right dose. Also presented are exciting applications of machine learning and statistical modeling, along with innovative methods and state-of-the-art advances, making this a timely and practical resource. This volume is ideal for statisticians, researchers, and professionals interested in pharmaceutical research and development. Readers should be familiar with the fundamentals of statistics and clinical trials. |
| pk assay development and validation: Development and Validation of Analytical Methods Christopher M. Riley, Thomas W. Rosanske, 1996-05-29 The need to validate an analytical or bioanalytical method is encountered by analysts in the pharmaceutical industry on an almost daily basis, because adequately validated methods are a necessity for approvable regulatory filings. What constitutes a validated method, however, is subject to analyst interpretation because there is no universally accepted industry practice for assay validation. This book is intended to serve as a guide to the analyst in terms of the issues and parameters that must be considered in the development and validation of analytical methods. In addition to the critical issues surrounding method validation, this book also deals with other related factors such as method development, data acquisition, automation, cleaning validation and regulatory considerations. The book is divided into three parts. Part One, comprising two chapters, looks at some of the basic concepts of method validation. Chapter 1 discusses the general concept of validation and its role in the process of transferring methods from laboratory to laboratory. Chapter 2 looks at some of the critical parameters included in a validation program and the various statistical treatments given to these parameters.Part Two (Chapters 3, 4 and 5) of the book focuses on the regulatory perspective of analytical validation. Chapter 3 discusses in some detail how validation is treated by various regulatory agencies around the world, including the United States, Canada, the European Community, Australia and Japan. This chapter also discusses the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) treatment of assay validation. Chapters 4 and 5 cover the issues and various perspectives of the recent United States vs. Barr Laboratories Inc. case involving the retesting of samples. Part Three (Chapters 6 - 12) covers the development and validation of various analytical components of the pharmaceutical product development process. This part of the book contains specific chapters dedicated to bulk drug substances and finished products, dissolution studies, robotics and automated workstations, biotechnology products, biological samples, analytical methods for cleaning procedures and computer systems and computer-aided validation. Each chapter goes into some detail describing the critical development and related validation considerations for each topic.This book is not intended to be a practical description of the analytical validation process, but more of a guide to the critical parameters and considerations that must be attended to in a pharmaceutical development program. Despite the existence of numerous guidelines including the recent attempts by the ICH to be implemented in 1998, the practical part of assay validation will always remain, to a certain extent, a matter of the personal preference of the analyst or company. Nevertheless, this book brings together the perspectives of several experts having extensive experience in different capacities in the pharmaceutical industry in an attempt to bring some consistency to analytical method development and validation. |
| pk assay development and validation: Regulated Bioanalysis: Fundamentals and Practice Mario L. Rocci Jr., Stephen Lowes, 2017-04-24 The editors have engaged leading scientists in the field to participate in the development of this book, which is envisioned as a “one of a kind” contribution to the field. The book is a comprehensive text that puts fundamental bioanalytical science in context with current practice, its challenges and ongoing developments. It expands on existing texts on the subject by covering regulated bioanalysis of both small and large molecule therapeutics from both a scientific and regulatory viewpoint. The content will be useful to a wide spectrum of readers: from those new to bioanalysis; to those developing their experience in the laboratory, or working in one of the many critical supporting roles; to seasoned practitioners looking for a solid source of information on this exciting and important discipline. |
| pk assay development and validation: Flow Cytometry in Drug Discovery and Development Virginia Litwin, Philip Marder, 2011-04-20 This book covers the unique application of flow cytometry in drug discovery and development. The first section includes two introductory chapters, one on flow cytometry and one on biomarkers, as well as a chapter on recent advances in flow cytometry. The second section focuses on the unique challenges and added benefits associated with the use of flow cytometry in the drug development process. The third section contains a single chapter presenting an in depth discussion of validation considerations and regulatory compliance issues associated with drug development. |
| pk assay development and validation: Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays Franz J. Hock, Michael K. Pugsley, 2024-10-21 Many aspects of drug safety have become an outstanding and even persistent issue and may occur during the process of both drug discovery and development. Until 15 years ago, drug discovery and evaluation was primarily a sequential process starting with the selection of the most pharmacologically active compound from a series of newly synthesized small molecule chemical series by means of distinctive pharmacological assays. Safety aspects were addressed by evaluation of the selected compound at high doses in a series of specific studies directed at indications other than the intended indication of the new compound. These tests are then followed by pharmacokinetic studies, which are primarily conducted to confirm whether the selected compound possesses a suitable half-life for sufficient exposure and efficacy and, whether it has the desired properties specificity to the intended route of administration. Safety aspects relied predominantly on the conduct of single and repeat toxicologydose studies, which inform changes in organ structure rather than organ function. Both toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies are adapted to the progress of studies in clinical pharmacology and clinical trials. The new edition of this well and broadly accepted reference work contains several innovative and distinguished chapters. This sequential strategy has been abandoned with this new version of the book for several reasons: - Of the possible multitude of negative effects that novel drugs may impart on organ function, e.g. ventricular tachy-arrhythmia, many are detected too late in non-clinical studies to inform clinicians. On the other hand, negative findings in chronic toxicity studies in animals may turn out to be irrelevant for human beings. - New scientific approaches, e.g. high-throughput screening, human pluripotent stem cells, transgenic animals, knock-out animals, in silico models, pharmaco-genomics and pharmaco-proteomics, as well as Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods offered new possibilities. - There are several examples, that show that the druggability of compounds was considerably underestimated when the probability of success of a new project was assessed. The success rate in the pharmaceutical industry and the introduction of new chemical entities to the market per year dropped dramatically, whereas the development time for a new compound increased, sometimes exceeding the patent protection. Research and development scientists, involving the following changes, therefore adopted a change of strategy: - Parallel instead of sequential involvement of the various disciplines (multidimensional compound optimization). - The term Safety Pharmacology was coined. The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) founded a Safety Pharmacology Working Group and the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) was launched. The discipline provided for evaluation, development and validation of a multitude of safety tests outlined in the 'Core Battery of Studies'. - Characterizing the exposure profile of a drug by conducting pharmacokinetic studies that evaluates the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion should to be investigated at an early stage of development as results contribute to the selection of a compound for further development. Advancements in Toxicology were achieved by the introduction of new methods, e.g., in silico methods, genetic toxicology, computational toxicology and AI. The book is a landmark in the continuously changing world of drug research and developments. As such, it is essential reading for many groups: not only for all students of pharmacology and toxicology but also for industry scientists and physicians, especially those involved in clinical trials of drugs, and for pharmacists who must know the safety requirements of drugs. The book is essential for scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry who are involved in drug discovery, drug development and decision making in the development process. In particular, the book will be of use to government institutions and committees working on official guidelines for drug evaluation worldwide. |
| pk assay development and validation: Nonclinical Statistics for Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industries Lanju Zhang, 2016-01-13 This book serves as a reference text for regulatory, industry and academic statisticians and also a handy manual for entry level Statisticians. Additionally it aims to stimulate academic interest in the field of Nonclinical Statistics and promote this as an important discipline in its own right. This text brings together for the first time in a single volume a comprehensive survey of methods important to the nonclinical science areas within the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Specifically the Discovery and Translational sciences, the Safety/Toxiology sciences, and the Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls sciences. Drug discovery and development is a long and costly process. Most decisions in the drug development process are made with incomplete information. The data is rife with uncertainties and hence risky by nature. This is therefore the purview of Statistics. As such, this book aims to introduce readers to important statistical thinking and its application in these nonclinical areas. The chapters provide as appropriate, a scientific background to the topic, relevant regulatory guidance, current statistical practice, and further research directions. |
| pk assay development and validation: Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry Muharrem Ince, Olcay Kaplan Ince, 2019-04-10 This book focuses on recent and future trends in analytical methods and provides an overview of analytical chemistry. As a comprehensive analytical chemistry book, it takes a broad view of the subject and integrates a wide variety of approaches. The book provides separation approaches and method validation, as well as recent developments and applications in analytical chemistry. It is written primarily for researchers in the fields of analytical chemistry, environmental chemistry, and applied chemistry. The aim of the book is to explain the subject, clarify important studies, and compare and develop new and groundbreaking applications. Written by leading experts in their respective areas, the book is highly recommended for professionals interested in analytical chemistry because it provides specific and comprehensive examples. |
| pk assay development and validation: Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology H.Gerhard Vogel, Jochen Maas, Alexander Gebauer, 2010-12-15 Drug Discovery and Evaluation has become a more and more difficult, expensive and time-consuming process. The effect of a new compound has to be detected by in vitro and in vivo methods of pharmacology. The activity spectrum and the potency compared to existing drugs have to be determined. As these processes can be divided up stepwise we have designed a book series Drug Discovery and Evaluation in the form of a recommendation document. The methods to detect drug targets are described in the first volume of this series Pharmacological Assays comprising classical methods as well as new technologies. Before going to man, the most suitable compound has to be selected by pharmacokinetic studies and experiments in toxicology. These preclinical methods are described in the second volume „Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays. Only then are first studies in human beings allowed. Special rules are established for Phase I studies. Clinical pharmacokinetics are performed in parallel with human studies on tolerability and therapeutic effects. Special studies according to various populations and different therapeutic indications are necessary. These items are covered in the third volume: „Methods in Clinical Pharmacology. |
| pk assay development and validation: Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics Xiaohui (Sophia) Xu, Weifeng Xu, 2022-07-06 Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics Deepen your understanding of how critical data are generated from bioanalysis In Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics, a team of renowned chemists, immunologists, and biologists delivers a timely and practical exploration of the diverse scientific and technical literature on the bioanalytical investigation of current biotherapeutics under development. The book discusses the challenges and considerations for bioanalytical support, covering a wide range of central topics in the field, including overview and basic immunology for testing of biological therapeutics, pharmacokinetic aspects, clinical immunogenicity prediction and testing, biomarker testing, biotransformation assessment for biologics, statistical aspects of bioanalytical testing, regulatory expectations, and more. Drug development and analysis professionals will learn how critical data are generated from bioanalysis and how proven tools and methods are applied to the development of biologics. Alongside coverage of topics like PK, immunogenicity, neutralizing antibody assays, and the importance of quality control for reagents, readers will benefit from: A thorough overview of the development of biotherapeutics and the role played by bioanalytical tests, as well as basic immunology for bioanalytical testing of biological therapeutics Comprehensive explorations of platform and instrument considerations in bioanalytical testing, pharmacokinetics assays, and biomarker analysis using LC-MS, LBA, and other technologies Practical discussions of immunogenicity prediction, preclinical and clinical anti-drug antibody assays, and bioanalytical schemes for anti-drug neutralizing antibody assays In-depth examinations of critical reagents in bioanalysis Regulatory expectations for bioanalytical method development, validation, and sample testing Perfect for pharmaceutical scientists in industry, Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics will also earn a place in the libraries of pharmaceutical regulators and other professionals working in pharmaceutical companies, as well as graduate students studying bioanalytical assays for biological therapeutics. |
| pk assay development and validation: Transformation and Weighting in Regression Raymond J. Carroll, David Ruppert, 2017-10-19 This monograph provides a careful review of the major statistical techniques used to analyze regression data with nonconstant variability and skewness. The authors have developed statistical techniques--such as formal fitting methods and less formal graphical techniques-- that can be applied to many problems across a range of disciplines, including pharmacokinetics, econometrics, biochemical assays, and fisheries research. While the main focus of the book in on data transformation and weighting, it also draws upon ideas from diverse fields such as influence diagnostics, robustness, bootstrapping, nonparametric data smoothing, quasi-likelihood methods, errors-in-variables, and random coefficients. The authors discuss the computation of estimates and give numerous examples using real data. The book also includes an extensive treatment of estimating variance functions in regression. |
| pk assay development and validation: Biophysical Methods for Biotherapeutics Tapan K. Das, 2014-04-28 With a focus on practical applications of biophysical techniques, this book links fundamental biophysics to the process of biopharmaceutical development. • Helps formulation and analytical scientists in pharma and biotech better understand and use biophysical methods • Chapters organized according to the sequential nature of the drug development process • Helps formulation, analytical, and bioanalytical scientists in pharma and biotech better understand and usestrengths and limitations of biophysical methods • Explains how to use biophysical methods, the information obtained, and what needs to be presented in a regulatory filing, assess impact on quality and immunogenicity • With a focus on practical applications of biophysical techniques, this book links fundamental biophysics to the process of biopharmaceutical development. |
| pk assay development and validation: Encyclopedia of Cancer Manfred Schwab, 2008-09-23 This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely. |
| pk assay development and validation: ICH Quality Guidelines Andrew Teasdale, David Elder, Raymond W. Nims, 2017-10-09 Examining the implications and practical implementation of multi-disciplinary International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) topics, this book gives an integrated view of how the guidelines inform drug development strategic planning and decision-making. • Addresses a consistent need for interpretation, training, and implementation examples of ICH guidelines via case studies • Offers a primary reference point for practitioners addressing the dual challenge of interpretation and practical implementation of ICH guidelines • Uses case studies to help readers understand and apply ICH guidelines • Provides valuable insights into guidelines development, with chapters by authors involved in generating or with experience implementing the guidelines • Includes coverage of stability testing, analytical method validation, impurities, biotechnology drugs and products, and good manufacturing practice (GMP) |
| pk assay development and validation: Ligand-Binding Assays Masood N. Khan, John W. A. Findlay, 2009-10-22 A consolidated and comprehensive reference on ligand-binding assays Ligand-binding assays (LBAs) stand as the cornerstone of support for definition of the pharmaco-kinetics and toxicokinetics of macromolecules, an area of burgeoning interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Yet, outside of the Crystal City Conference proceedings, little guidance has been available for LBA validation, particularly for assays used to support macromolecule drug development. Ligand-Binding Assays: Development, Validation, and Implementation in the Drug Development Arena answers that growing need, serving as a reference text discussing critical aspects of the development, validation, and implementation of ligand-binding assays in the drug development field. Ligand-Binding Assays covers essential topics related to ligand-binding assays, from pharmacokinetic studies, the development of LBAs, assay validation, statistical LBA aspects, and regulatory aspects, to software for LBAs and robotics and other emerging methodologies for LBAs. Highlights include: A general discussion of challenges and proven approaches in the development of ligand-binding assays More detailed examination of characteristics of these assays when applied to support of pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies of compounds at different stages in the discovery or development timeline A concise, but detailed, discussion of validation of ligand-binding assays for macromolecules A practical approach to fit-for-purpose validation of assays for biomarkers, those molecules receiving increased attention as potentially demonstrating that the target chosen in discovery is being modulated by the candidate therapeutic, both in nonclinical and clinical studies Written by a team of world-recognized authorities in the field, Ligand-Binding Assays provides key information to a broad range of practitioners, both in the pharmaceutical and allied industries and in related contract research organizations and academic laboratories and, perhaps, even in the field of diagnostics and clinical chemistry. |
| pk assay development and validation: Biomarker Validation Harald Seitz, Sarah Schumacher, 2015-02-23 Built on a decade of experience with novel molecular diagnostics, this practice-oriented guide shows how to cope with validation issues during all stages of biomarker development, from the first clinical studies to the eventual commercialization of a new diagnostic test. |
| pk assay development and validation: Sample Preparation in LC-MS Bioanalysis Wenkui Li, Wenying Jian, Yunlin Fu, 2019-02-25 Revised and Expanded Handbook Provides Comprehensive Introduction and Complete Instruction for Sample Preparation in Vital Category of Bioanalysis Following in the footsteps of the previously published Handbook of LC-MS Bioanalysis, this book is a thorough and timely guide to all important sample preparation techniques used for quantitative Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) bioanalysis of small and large molecules. LC-MS bioanalysis is a key element of pharmaceutical research and development, post-approval therapeutic drug monitoring, and many other studies used in human healthcare. While advances are continually being made in key aspects of LC-MS bioanalysis such as sensitivity and throughput, the value of research/study mentioned above is still heavily dependent on the availability of high-quality data, for which sample preparation plays the critical role. Thus, this text provides researchers in industry, academia, and regulatory agencies with detailed sample preparation techniques and step-by-step protocols on proper extraction of various analyte(s) of interest from biological samples for LC-MS quantification, in accordance with current health authority regulations and industry best practices. The three sections of the book with a total of 26 chapters cover topics that include: Current basic sample preparation techniques (e.g., protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction, ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration, microsampling, sample extraction via electromembranes) Sample preparation techniques for uncommon biological matrices (e.g., tissues, hair, skin, nails, bones, mononuclear cells, cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humor) Crucial aspects of LC-MS bioanalytical method development (e.g., pre-analytical considerations, derivation strategies, stability, non-specific binding) in addition to sample preparation techniques for challenging molecules (e.g., lipids, peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, antibody-drug conjugates) Sample Preparation in LC-MS Bioanalysis will prove a practical and highly valuable addition to the reference shelves of scientists and related professionals in a variety of fields, including pharmaceutical and biomedical research, mass spectrometry, and analytical chemistry, as well as practitioners in clinical pharmacology, toxicology, and therapeutic drug monitoring. |
| pk assay development and validation: Variance Components Shayle R. Searle, George Casella, Charles E. McCulloch, 2009-09-25 WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PAPERBACK SERIES The Wiley-Interscience Paperback Series consists of selected books that have been made more accessible to consumers in an effort to increase global appeal and general circulation. With these new unabridged softcover volumes, Wiley hopes to extend the lives of these works by making them available to future generations of statisticians, mathematicians, and scientists. . . .Variance Components is an excellent book. It is organized and well written, and provides many references to a variety of topics. I recommend it to anyone with interest in linear models. —Journal of the American Statistical Association This book provides a broad coverage of methods for estimating variance components which appeal to students and research workers . . . The authors make an outstanding contribution to teaching and research in the field of variance component estimation. —Mathematical Reviews The authors have done an excellent job in collecting materials on a broad range of topics. Readers will indeed gain from using this book . . . I must say that the authors have done a commendable job in their scholarly presentation. —Technometrics This book focuses on summarizing the variability of statistical data known as the analysis of variance table. Penned in a readable style, it provides an up-to-date treatment of research in the area. The book begins with the history of analysis of variance and continues with discussions of balanced data, analysis of variance for unbalanced data, predictions of random variables, hierarchical models and Bayesian estimation, binary and discrete data, and the dispersion mean model. |
| pk assay development and validation: Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Richard H. Baltz, Arnold L. Demain, Julian E. Davies, 2010-03-25 A rich array of methods and discussions of productive microbial processes. • Reviews of the newest techniques, approaches, and options in the use of microorganisms and other cell culture systems for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, industrial enzymes and proteins, foods and beverages, fuels and fine chemicals, and other products. • Focuses on the latest advances and findings on the current state of the art and science and features a new section on the microbial production of biofuels and fine chemicals, as well as a stronger emphasis on mammalian cell culture methods. • Covers new methods that enhance the capacity of microbes used for a wide range of purposes, from winemaking to pharmaceuticals to bioremediation, at volumes from micro- to industrial scale. |
| pk assay development and validation: ADME and Translational Pharmacokinetics / Pharmacodynamics of Therapeutic Proteins Honghui Zhou, Frank-Peter Theil, 2015-10-26 With an emphasis on the fundamental and practical aspects of ADME for therapeutic proteins, this book helps readers strategize, plan and implement translational research for biologic drugs. • Details cutting-edge ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and PKPD (pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamics) modeling for biologic drugs • Combines theoretical with practical aspects of ADME in biologic drug discovery and development and compares innovator biologics with biosimilar biologics and small molecules with biologics, giving a lessons-learned perspective • Includes case studies about leveraging ADME to improve biologics drug development for monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, pegylated proteins, ADCs, bispecifics, and vaccines • Presents regulatory expectations and industry perspectives for developing biologic drugs in USA, EU, and Japan • Provides mechanistic insight into biodistribution and target-driven pharmacokinetics in important sites of action such as tumors and the brain |
| pk assay development and validation: Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry III , 2017-06-03 Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry III, Eight Volume Set provides a contemporary and forward-looking critical analysis and summary of recent developments, emerging trends, and recently identified new areas where medicinal chemistry is having an impact. The discipline of medicinal chemistry continues to evolve as it adapts to new opportunities and strives to solve new challenges. These include drug targeting, biomolecular therapeutics, development of chemical biology tools, data collection and analysis, in silico models as predictors for biological properties, identification and validation of new targets, approaches to quantify target engagement, new methods for synthesis of drug candidates such as green chemistry, development of novel scaffolds for drug discovery, and the role of regulatory agencies in drug discovery. Reviews the strategies, technologies, principles, and applications of modern medicinal chemistry Provides a global and current perspective of today's drug discovery process and discusses the major therapeutic classes and targets Includes a unique collection of case studies and personal assays reviewing the discovery and development of key drugs |
| pk assay development and validation: Analytical Method Development and Validation Michael E. Swartz, Ira S. Krull, 2018-10-03 Describes analytical methods development, optimization and validation, and provides examples of successful methods development and validation in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) areas. The text presents an overview of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) regulatory guidelines, compliance with validation requirements for regulatory agencies, and methods validation criteria stipulated by the US Pharmacopia, FDA and ICH. |
| pk assay development and validation: Pharmacokinetics in Drug Development Peter L. Bonate, Danny R. Howard, 2005-12-05 These volumes are designed to be the most complete guide to pharmacokinetics (PK) and its role in drug development. The volumes fill a gap between the academic science and the practical application of that knowledge in drug development. Volume 1 discusses the role that PK plays in selected clinical study designs. Volume 2 details the key regulatory and development paradigms in which PK supplements decision-making during drug development. |
| pk assay development and validation: Handbook of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Shayne Cox Gad, 2007-05-23 A practical overview of a full rangeof approaches to discovering, selecting, and producing biotechnology-derived drugs The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology helps pharmaceutical scientists develop biotech drugs through a comprehensive framework that spans the process from discovery, development, and manufacturing through validation and registration. With chapters written by leading practitioners in their specialty areas, this reference: Provides an overview of biotechnology used in the drug development process Covers extensive applications, plus regulations and validation methods Features fifty chapters covering all the major approaches to the challenge of identifying, producing, and formulating new biologically derived therapeutics With its unparalleled breadth of topics and approaches, this handbook is a core reference for pharmaceutical scientists, including development researchers, toxicologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, cell biologists, immunologists, and formulation chemists. It is also a great resource for quality assurance/assessment/control managers, biotechnology technicians, and others in the biotech industry. |
| pk assay development and validation: Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics Xiaohui (Sophia) Xu, Weifeng Xu, 2022-08-23 Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics Deepen your understanding of how critical data are generated from bioanalysis In Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics, a team of renowned chemists, immunologists, and biologists delivers a timely and practical exploration of the diverse scientific and technical literature on the bioanalytical investigation of current biotherapeutics under development. The book discusses the challenges and considerations for bioanalytical support, covering a wide range of central topics in the field, including overview and basic immunology for testing of biological therapeutics, pharmacokinetic aspects, clinical immunogenicity prediction and testing, biomarker testing, biotransformation assessment for biologics, statistical aspects of bioanalytical testing, regulatory expectations, and more. Drug development and analysis professionals will learn how critical data are generated from bioanalysis and how proven tools and methods are applied to the development of biologics. Alongside coverage of topics like PK, immunogenicity, neutralizing antibody assays, and the importance of quality control for reagents, readers will benefit from: A thorough overview of the development of biotherapeutics and the role played by bioanalytical tests, as well as basic immunology for bioanalytical testing of biological therapeutics Comprehensive explorations of platform and instrument considerations in bioanalytical testing, pharmacokinetics assays, and biomarker analysis using LC-MS, LBA, and other technologies Practical discussions of immunogenicity prediction, preclinical and clinical anti-drug antibody assays, and bioanalytical schemes for anti-drug neutralizing antibody assays In-depth examinations of critical reagents in bioanalysis Regulatory expectations for bioanalytical method development, validation, and sample testing Perfect for pharmaceutical scientists in industry, Bioanalytical Aspects in Biological Therapeutics will also earn a place in the libraries of pharmaceutical regulators and other professionals working in pharmaceutical companies, as well as graduate students studying bioanalytical assays for biological therapeutics. |
| pk assay development and validation: Targeted Biomarker Quantitation by LC-MS Naidong Weng, Wenying Jian, 2017-07-10 The first book to offer a blueprint for overcoming the challenges to successfully quantifying biomarkers in living organisms The demand among scientists and clinicians for targeted quantitation experiments has experienced explosive growth in recent years. While there are a few books dedicated to bioanalysis and biomarkers in general, until now there were none devoted exclusively to addressing critical issues surrounding this area of intense research. Target Biomarker Quantitation by LC-MS provides a detailed blueprint for quantifying biomarkers in biological systems. It uses numerous real-world cases to exemplify key concepts, all of which were carefully selected and presented so as to allow the concepts they embody to be easily expanded to future applications, including new biomarker development. Target Biomarker Quantitation by LC-MS primarily focuses on the assay establishment for biomarker quantitation—a critical issue rarely treated in depth. It offers comprehensive coverage of three core areas of biomarker assay establishment: the relationship between the measured biomarkers and their intended usage; contemporary regulatory requirements for biomarker assays (a thorough understanding of which is essential to producing a successful and defendable submission); and the technical challenges of analyzing biomarkers produced inside a living organism or cell. Covers the theory of and applications for state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and chromatography and their applications in biomarker analysis Features real-life examples illustrating the challenges involved in target biomarker quantitation and the innovative approaches which have been used to overcome those challenges Addresses potential obstacles to obtain effective biomarker level and data interpretation, such as specificity establishment and sample collection Outlines a tiered approach and fit-for-purpose assay protocol for target biomarker quantitation Highlights the current state of the biomarker regulatory environment and protocol standards Target Biomarker Quantitation by LC-MS is a valuable resource for bioanalytical scientists, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics scientists, clinical scientists, analytical chemists, and others for whom biomarker quantitation is an important tool of the trade. It also functions as an excellent text for graduate courses in pharmaceutical, biochemistry and chemistry. |
| pk assay development and validation: Handbook of Bioequivalence Testing Sarfaraz K. Niazi, 2014-10-29 As the generic pharmaceutical industry continues to grow and thrive, so does the need to conduct adequate, efficient bioequivalence studies. In recent years, there have been significant changes to the statistical models for evaluating bioequivalence. In addition, advances in the analytical technology used to detect drug and metabolite levels have m |
| pk assay development and validation: New Drug Development Chandrahas Sahajwalla, 2004-05-24 Highlighting key points from the latest regulatory requirements, New Drug Development helps those new to the world of pharmaceutical development understand regulatory steps, reduce cost by avoiding unnecessary trials, and attain guidance through each step of the drug approval process. This volume acquaints readers with procedures that determine the |
| pk assay development and validation: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Biotech Drugs Bernd Meibohm, 2006-12-13 This first ever coverage of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of biopharmaceuticals meets the need for a comprehensive book in this field. It spans all topics from lead identification right up to final-stage clinical trials. Following an introduction to the role of PK and PD in the development of biotech drugs, the book goes on to cover the basics, including the pharmacokinetics of peptides, monoclonal antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, as well as viral and non-viral gene delivery vectors. The second section discusses such challenges and opportunities as pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides, and the delivery of oligonucleotides. The final section considers the integration of PK and PD concepts into the biotech drug development plan, taking as case studies the preclinical and clinical drug development of tasidotin, as well as the examples of cetuximab and pegfilgrastim. The result is vital reading for all pharmaceutical researchers. |
| pk assay development and validation: Handbook of LC-MS Bioanalysis Wenkui Li, Jie Zhang, Francis L. S. Tse, 2013-10-21 Consolidates the information LC-MS bioanalytical scientists need to analyze small molecules and macromolecules The field of bioanalysis has advanced rapidly, propelled by new approaches for developing bioanalytical methods, new liquid chromatographic (LC) techniques, and new mass spectrometric (MS) instruments. Moreover, there are a host of guidelines and regulations designed to ensure the quality of bioanalytical results. Presenting the best practices, experimental protocols, and the latest understanding of regulations, this book offers a comprehensive review of LC-MS bioanalysis of small molecules and macromolecules. It not only addresses the needs of bioanalytical scientists working on routine projects, but also explores advanced and emerging technologies such as high-resolution mass spectrometry and dried blood spot microsampling. Handbook of LC-MS Bioanalysis features contributions from an international team of leading bioanalytical scientists. Their contributions reflect a review of the latest findings, practices, and regulations as well as their own firsthand analytical laboratory experience. The book thoroughly examines: Fundamentals of LC-MS bioanalysis in drug discovery, drug development, and therapeutic drug monitoring The current understanding of regulations governing LC-MS bioanalysis Best practices and detailed technical instructions for LC-MS bioanalysis method development, validation, and stability assessment of analyte(s) of interest Experimental guidelines and protocols for quantitative LC-MS bioanalysis of challenging molecules, including pro-drugs, acyl glucuronides, N-oxides, reactive compounds, and photosensitive and autooxidative compounds With its focus on current bioanalytical practice, Handbook of LC-MS Bioanalysis enables bioanalytical scientists to develop and validate robust LC-MS assay methods, all in compliance with current regulations and standards. |
| pk assay development and validation: Handbook of Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Claudio Carini, Mark Fidock, Alain van Gool, 2019-04-16 The field of Biomarkers and Precision Medicine in drug development is rapidly evolving and this book presents a snapshot of exciting new approaches. By presenting a wide range of biomarker applications, discussed by knowledgeable and experienced scientists, readers will develop an appreciation of the scope and breadth of biomarker knowledge and find examples that will help them in their own work. -Maria Freire, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Handbook of Biomarkers and Precision Medicine provides comprehensive insights into biomarker discovery and development which has driven the new era of Precision Medicine. A wide variety of renowned experts from government, academia, teaching hospitals, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies share best practices, examples and exciting new developments. The handbook aims to provide in-depth knowledge to research scientists, students and decision makers engaged in Biomarker and Precision Medicine-centric drug development. Features: Detailed insights into biomarker discovery, validation and diagnostic development with implementation strategies Lessons-learned from successful Precision Medicine case studies A variety of exciting and emerging biomarker technologies The next frontiers and future challenges of biomarkers in Precision Medicine Claudio Carini, Mark Fidock and Alain van Gool are internationally recognized as scientific leaders in Biomarkers and Precision Medicine. They have worked for decades in academia and pharmaceutical industry in EU, USA and Asia. Currently, Dr. Carini is Honorary Faculty at Kings’s College School of Medicine, London, UK. Dr. Fidock is Vice President of Precision Medicine Laboratories at AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. Prof.dr. van Gool is Head Translational Metabolic Laboratory at Radboud university medical school, Nijmegen, NL. |
| pk assay development and validation: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics - E-Book Nader Rifai, 2017-01-16 The Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, 6th Edition provides the most current and authoritative guidance on selecting, performing, and evaluating the results of new and established laboratory tests. This classic clinical chemistry reference offers encyclopedic coverage detailing everything you need to know, including: analytical criteria for the medical usefulness of laboratory tests, variables that affect tests and results, laboratory medicine, applications of statistical methods, and most importantly clinical utility and interpretation of laboratory tests. It is THE definitive reference in clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, now fully searchable and with quarterly content updates, podcasts, clinical cases, animations, and extended content online through Expert Consult. - Analytical criteria focus on the medical usefulness of laboratory procedures. - Reference ranges show new approaches for establishing these ranges — and provide the latest information on this topic. - Lab management and costs gives students and chemists the practical information they need to assess costs, allowing them to do their job more efficiently and effectively. - Statistical methods coverage provides you with information critical to the practice of clinical chemistry. - Internationally recognized chapter authors are considered among the best in their field. - Two-color design highlights important features, illustrations, and content to help you find information easier and faster. - NEW! Internationally recognized chapter authors are considered among the best in their field. - NEW! Expert Consult features fully searchable text, quarterly content updates, clinical case studies, animations, podcasts, atlases, biochemical calculations, multiple-choice questions, links to Medline, an image collection, and audio interviews. You will now enjoy an online version making utility of this book even greater. - UPDATED! Expanded Molecular Diagnostics section with 12 chapters that focus on emerging issues and techniques in the rapidly evolving and important field of molecular diagnostics and genetics ensures this text is on the cutting edge and of the most value. - NEW! Comprehensive list of Reference Intervals for children and adults with graphic displays developed using contemporary instrumentation. - NEW! Standard and international units of measure make this text appropriate for any user — anywhere in the world. - NEW! 22 new chapters that focus on applications of mass spectrometry, hematology, transfusion medicine, microbiology, biobanking, biomarker utility in the pharmaceutical industry and more! - NEW! Expert senior editors, Nader Rifai, Carl Wittwer and Rita Horvath, bring fresh perspectives and help ensure the most current information is presented. - UPDATED! Thoroughly revised and peer-reviewed chapters provide you with the most current information possible. |
| pk assay development and validation: Protein Analysis using Mass Spectrometry Mike S. Lee, Qin C. Ji, 2017-06-19 Presents Practical Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Protein Analysis and Covers Their Impact on Accelerating Drug Discovery and Development Covers both qualitative and quantitative aspects of Mass Spectrometry protein analysis in drug discovery Principles, Instrumentation, Technologies topics include MS of peptides, proteins, and ADCs , instrumentation in protein analysis, nanospray technology in MS protein analysis, and automation in MS protein analysis Details emerging areas from drug monitoring to patient care such as Identification and validation of biomarkers for cancer, targeted MS approaches for biomarker validation, biomarker discovery, and regulatory perspectives Brings together the most current advances in the mass spectrometry technology and related method in protein analysis |
| pk assay development and validation: Profiles of Drug Substances, Excipients and Related Methodology Harry G. Brittain, 2014-05-01 Volumes in this widely revered series present comprehensive reviews of drug substances and additional materials, with critical review chapters that summarize information related to the characterization of drug substances and excipients. This organizational structure meets the needs of the pharmaceutical community and allows for the development of a timely vehicle for publishing review materials on this topic. The scope of the Profiles series encompasses review articles and database compilations that fall within one of the following six broad categories: Physical profiles of drug substances and excipients; Analytical profiles of drug substances and excipients; Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic profiles of drug substances and excipients; Methodology related to the characterization of drug substances and excipients; Methods of chemical synthesis; and Reviews of the uses and applications for individual drug substances, classes of drug substances, or excipients. - Contributions from leading authorities - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field |
| pk assay development and validation: Statistical Methods for Immunogenicity Assessment Harry Yang, Jianchun Zhang, Binbing Yu, Wei Zhao, 2015-07-17 Develop Effective Immunogenicity Risk Mitigation StrategiesImmunogenicity assessment is a prerequisite for the successful development of biopharmaceuticals, including safety and efficacy evaluation. Using advanced statistical methods in the study design and analysis stages is therefore essential to immunogenicity risk assessment and mitigation stra |
| pk assay development and validation: Evolution of Translational Omics Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on the Review of Omics-Based Tests for Predicting Patient Outcomes in Clinical Trials, 2012-09-13 Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials. |
| pk assay development and validation: Outstanding Marine Molecules Stephane La Barre, Jean-Michel Kornprobst, 2014-03-05 Using a number of outstanding examples, this text introduces readers to the immense variety of marine natural compounds, the methodologies to characterize them and the approaches to explore their industrial potential. Care is also taken to discuss the function and ecological context of the compounds. Carefully produced and easy to read, this book serves students and professionals wishing to familiarize themselves with the field, and is ideally suited as a course book for both industry to academia. |
| pk assay development and validation: Dose Optimization in Drug Development Rajesh Krishna, 2006-05 This reference provides a concise overview of the key principles in dose selection and optimization and demonstrates applicability to recent successful new drug applications. Compiling key issues and current research on safety, efficacy, and clinical pharmacology, and PK-PD, this volume critically highlights the multidisciplinary nature of drug development and spans the fields of pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, biostatistics, and experimental medicine. |
| pk assay development and validation: Immunoglobulins: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition , 2012-01-09 Immunoglobulins: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Immunoglobulins. The editors have built Immunoglobulins: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Immunoglobulins in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Immunoglobulins: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
| pk assay development and validation: Biomarkers in Clinical Drug Development John Bloom, Richard A. Dean, 2003-05-20 Presenting applications in clinical development, pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic modelling and clinical trial simulation, this reference studies the role of biomarkers in successful drug formulation and development. |
PK (film) - Wikipedia
PK (translation: Drunk [5]) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language science fiction comedy-drama film edited and directed by Rajkumar Hirani and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi and jointly …
PK XD: Fun, friends & games - Apps on Google Play
In PK XD, there are always new games for you to enjoy! And if you thought of something that doesn't exist in our PK XD World yet, don't worry, you can create your own experience in PK …
PK Official Teaser Trailer 1 (2014) - Comedy Movie HD - YouTube
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6hSubscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUnSubscribe to INDIE & FILM FESTIVALS: http://bit.ly/1wbkfYgLike us on...
PK (2014) - IMDb
PK: Directed by Rajkumar Hirani. With Aamir Khan, Anushka Sharma, Saurabh Shukla, Sushant Singh Rajput. An alien on Earth loses the only device he can use to communicate with his …
Watch PK - Netflix
When a naïve alien stranded on Earth is told to pray for a way home, his search for god reveals the follies of blind faith in organized religion. Watch trailers & learn more.
What Does PK Mean in Text & Social Media? Uses & More - wikiHow
Dec 5, 2024 · PK most often stands for the gaming term “player kill.” In the world of video games—especially MMOs (massively multiplayer online games)—player kill refers to killing …
PK streaming: where to watch movie online? - JustWatch
PK streaming: where to watch online? Currently you are able to watch "PK" streaming on Netflix, Netflix Standard with Ads. It is also possible to buy "PK" on Apple TV as download or rent it on …
PK (2014) - Plot - IMDb
People who are set in their ways for generations, are forced to reappraise their world when they see it from PK's innocent eyes. In the process PK makes loyal friends and powerful foes. …
PK International: The Multi-Cultural Beauty Distributor
With our nation-wide service and experienced sales team, we are the one stop shop for your beauty supply business. We keep in stock hundreds of different brands. New customer, or just …
PK Movie: Review | Release Date (2014) - Bollywood Hungama
Mar 7, 2025 · Find out what is PK box office collection till now. Download HD images, photos, wallpapers of PK movie. Watch PK trailers, celebrity interviews Release Date and lot more …
PK (film) - Wikipedia
PK (translation: Drunk [5]) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language science fiction comedy-drama film edited and directed by Rajkumar Hirani and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi and jointly …
PK XD: Fun, friends & games - Apps on Google Play
In PK XD, there are always new games for you to enjoy! And if you thought of something that doesn't exist in our PK XD World yet, don't worry, you can create your own experience in PK …
PK Official Teaser Trailer 1 (2014) - Comedy Movie HD - YouTube
Subscribe to TRAILERS: http://bit.ly/sxaw6hSubscribe to COMING SOON: http://bit.ly/H2vZUnSubscribe to INDIE & FILM FESTIVALS: http://bit.ly/1wbkfYgLike us on...
PK (2014) - IMDb
PK: Directed by Rajkumar Hirani. With Aamir Khan, Anushka Sharma, Saurabh Shukla, Sushant Singh Rajput. An alien on Earth loses the only device he can use to communicate with his …
Watch PK - Netflix
When a naïve alien stranded on Earth is told to pray for a way home, his search for god reveals the follies of blind faith in organized religion. Watch trailers & learn more.
What Does PK Mean in Text & Social Media? Uses & More - wikiHow
Dec 5, 2024 · PK most often stands for the gaming term “player kill.” In the world of video games—especially MMOs (massively multiplayer online games)—player kill refers to killing …
PK streaming: where to watch movie online? - JustWatch
PK streaming: where to watch online? Currently you are able to watch "PK" streaming on Netflix, Netflix Standard with Ads. It is also possible to buy "PK" on Apple TV as download or rent it on …
PK (2014) - Plot - IMDb
People who are set in their ways for generations, are forced to reappraise their world when they see it from PK's innocent eyes. In the process PK makes loyal friends and powerful foes. …
PK International: The Multi-Cultural Beauty Distributor
With our nation-wide service and experienced sales team, we are the one stop shop for your beauty supply business. We keep in stock hundreds of different brands. New customer, or just …
PK Movie: Review | Release Date (2014) - Bollywood Hungama
Mar 7, 2025 · Find out what is PK box office collection till now. Download HD images, photos, wallpapers of PK movie. Watch PK trailers, celebrity interviews Release Date and lot more …
