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| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Oxford Handbook of Persian Linguistics Anousha Sedighi, Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi, 2018-08-03 This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the field of Persian linguistics, discusses its development, and captures critical accounts of cutting edge research within its major subfields, as well as outlining current debates and suggesting productive lines of future research. Leading scholars in the major subfields of Persian linguistics examine a range of topics split into six thematic parts. Following a detailed introduction from the editors, the volume begins by placing Persian in its historical and typological context in Part I. Chapters in Part II examine topics relating to phonetics and phonology, while Part III looks at approaches to and features of Persian syntax. The fourth part of the volume explores morphology and lexicography, as well as the work of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature. Part V, language and people, covers topics such as language contact and teaching Persian as a foreign language, while the final part examines psycho- neuro-, and computational linguistics. The volume will be an essential resource for all scholars with an interest in Persian language and linguistics. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: International Journal of Language Studies (IJLS) volume 14(2) Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan, |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Persian Historic Urban Landscapes Eisa Esfanjary, 2017-10-04 The first urban study of the Iranian city of Maibud over its 6000-year historyPersian cities are part of a corridor of civilisation with settlements straddling thousands of years. Taking Maibud as a case study, Eisa Esfanjary traces the evolution of ancient settlements chronologically, thematically and methodologically.Maibud provides the basis from which a new interpretive approach is developed, being a city that has a history of several millennia yet has a scale that renders it manageable with archaeological remains that range across several phases of building development. An archetypal example of middle-sized Persian cities, it affords insights into the entire urban landscape and its spatial, functional and morphological iterations. Within this overall picture, a methodology is developed to explore various morphological elements of the city, the three key components of which are the town plan, the building type, and construction materials. The inter-relationships between these three components are explained in order to formulate an approach to support the management and conservation of the historic urban landscape.Combining a rigorous survey and observation of the standing structures with scarce archaeological and written sources, this book sheds light on Islamic urbanism in general and Islamic urbanism in Iran particularly.Key FeaturesOrganised in three main parts: a conceptual framework; the case study of Maibud; and an explanation of its wider significances, and potential policy applicationsSheds new light on the development of one of ancient world's oldest, yet least known, living cities in Iran, supported by highly original and convincing analysisFeatures case studies with new evidence, which require us to re-evaluate our understanding of urbanism not just in Iran but also in the wider Islamic worldIllustrated with many images including maps, plans, line drawings, watercolours and colour photos. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Oxford Picture Dictionary English-Farsi Edition: Bilingual Dictionary for Farsi-speaking teenage and adult students of English Jayme Adelson-Goldstein, Norma Shapiro, 2015-08-03 4,000 words and phrases are organized thematically within 163 topics. Includes English to Farsi translations of vocabulary throughout, and an extensive index in Farsi at the back of the book. A fully integrated vocabulary development program in American English, progressing from essential words to the more complex, delivered in short thematic units. Realistic scenarios and modern artwork are easy to relate to and these, together with story pages and practice exercises, have been applauded for their success in promoting critical thinking skills. Content is fully supported by a range of components (in English only) - including Workbooks, Classroom Activities, Audio and website. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A Dictionary, Persian, Arabic, and English John Richardson, 1777 |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi, 2020-07-16 The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian offers a detailed overview of the field of Persian second language acquisition and pedagogy. The Handbook discusses its development and captures critical accounts of cutting edge research within the major subfields of Persian second language acquisition and pedagogy, as well as current debates and problems, and goes on to suggest productive lines of future research. The book is divided into the following four parts: I) Theory-driven research on second language acquisition of Persian, II) Language skills in second language acquisition of Persian, III) Classroom research in second language acquisition and pedagogy of Persian, and IV) Social aspects of second language acquisition and pedagogy of Persian. The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian is an essential reference for scholars and students of Persian SLA and pedagogy as well as those researching in related areas. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: How to Read a Word Elizabeth Knowles, 2010-10-28 Have you ever wondered how you can find out more about a word: Where did it come from? How has its meaning altered? How can it be pronounced? What is its relationship to other words? Language is not fixed, but is an evolutionary process: words develop and change, in meaning, association, and pronunciation, as well as in many other ways. Exploring the routes taken by the words we choose to investigate leads us on fascinating journeys. How to Read a Word, written by the noted lexicographer Elizabeth Knowles, shows us how we might delve into the origins, associations, and evolution of words, and is primarily concerned with the following two points: what questions can be asked about a word? And how can they be answered? Utilising the unrivalled resources and the language-monitoring programs of the Oxford English Dictionary, the book leads you through the various stages of investigation into the myriad aspects of individual words, from etymology to date of first use and regional distribution, and from spelling and pronunciation to shifts in meaning. Supported by many examples of investigation into specific words, and featuring a full index, a wide selection of useful online resources, and reams of useful tips for avoiding common pitfalls, it is both a thought-provoking and practical handbook, providing readers with the essential tools to confidently interrogate the words by which they are surrounded. How to Read a Word is the perfect gift for anyone who is fascinated by the development and intricacies of the English language. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Forgotten Experts A. Tunç Şen, 2025-05-20 Forgotten Experts offers a history of Ottoman court astrologers and traces their shifting authority and prestige over the long sixteenth century. These individuals served the Ottoman court with their expertise in mathematical, astronomical, and astrological sciences, distinguishing themselves from other occult practitioners and esoteric specialists. While both prophecy and prognostication are attempts to map the terrain of the future, the astrologers' work did not claim spiritual weight as a prophecy but relied instead on methods of prediction developed from data and patterns elaborated through technical and scientific writings. Drawing on extensive manuscript and archival records written in Ottoman Turkish, Persian, and Arabic, A. Tunç Şen writes a history of science, state formation, and bureaucracy within the overarching tale of Ottoman imperial formation and protocols. He invites readers to follow Ottoman court astrologers' fluctuating careers as practitioners of a contentious science and shows how this class of learned individuals constructed its scientific authority despite numerous cultural, societal, and epistemic challenges. In understanding the expertise of court astrologers, we gain insight into the intricate social relations established and maintained between the men of knowledge and the men of rule, between expertise and statecraft, in the early modern Ottoman imperial context. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Modern Spoken Persian in Contemporary Iranian Novels Katarzyna Wąsala, 2024-10-07 One of the characteristic features of the linguistic situation of contemporary Iran is the coexistence of two standards of Modern Persian: the written and the spoken. While literature is generally composed in the written variety, the typically “spoken” forms are also to be found in the literary text. Modern spoken Persian in Contemporary Iranian Novels is a study of these. A scrutinous analysis of five carefully selected novels with methods drawing mostly from the register analysis seeks answers to questions such as: what features are characteristic to the spoken variety of language, how are they woven into the literary language, does the relationship between spoken and written registers change over time and how can this process affect the future development of Persian language? |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Language of Daily Life in England (14001800) Arja Nurmi, Minna Nevala, Minna Palander-Collin, 2009-04-15 The Language of Daily Life in England (1400–1800) is an important state-of-the art account of historical sociolinguistic and socio-pragmatic research. The volume contains nine studies and an introductory essay which discuss linguistic and social variation and change over four centuries. Each study tackles a linguistic or social phenomenon, and approaches it with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, always embedded in the socio-historical context. The volume presents new information on linguistic variation and change, while evaluating and developing the relevant theoretical and methodological tools. The writers form one of the leading research teams in the field, and, as compilers of the Corpus of Early English Correspondence, have an informed understanding of the data in all its depth. This volume will be of interest to scholars in historical linguistics, sociolinguistics and socio-pragmatics, but also e.g. social history. The approachable style of writing makes it also inviting for advanced students. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: An English-Persian Dictionary Arthur Naylor Wollaston, 1882 |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity Oliver Nicholson, 2018 The 'Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity' is the first comprehensive reference book covering every aspect of history, culture, religion, and life in Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Near East (including the Persian Empire and Central Asia) between the mid-3rd and the mid-8th centuries AD, the era now generally known as Late Antiquity. This period saw the re-establishment of the Roman Empire, its conversion to Christianity and its replacement in the West by Germanic kingdoms, the continuing Roman Empire in the Eastern Mediterranean, the Persian Sassanian Empire, and the rise of Islam. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The new world of words. [&c.]. John Kersey, 1720 |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Researching Language, Text and Technology in Translation Tengku Sepora Tengku Mahadi, 2022-11-03 With the intention to show to the world the rigor of translation research, Researching Language, Text and Technology in Translation came forward with a collection of recent translation studies focusing on the aspects of language, text and technology in relation to translation. There is a total of seven studies, with the first chapter presenting the validity of translation research, while the rest portraying many different topics such as the difference between human and machine translation when translating the memoir of Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, the translation of cultural humor for animated comedies, a look into the colonial perspective when it comes to translating literature from the east and various other topics that are both interesting and bring many different cultures around the world into view. This book can benefit academics, students (particularly research and graduate students), translators and those who are interested in language and translation. It is hoped that its casual yet educational content can open minds and stimulate ideas among its readers, especially in the terms of translation, and of how it connects the world together. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Reading the OED Ammon Shea, 2008-07-02 An obsessive word lover's account of reading the entire Oxford English Dictionary, hailed as the Super Size Me of lexicography. I'm reading the OED so you don't have to, says Ammon Shea on his slightly masochistic journey to scale the word lover's Mount Everest: the Oxford English Dictionary. In 26 chapters filled with sharp wit, sheer delight, and a documentarian's keen eye, Shea shares his year inside the OED, delivering a hair-pulling, eye-crossing account of reading every word. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Fundamentals of Speaker Recognition Homayoon Beigi, 2011-12-09 An emerging technology, Speaker Recognition is becoming well-known for providing voice authentication over the telephone for helpdesks, call centres and other enterprise businesses for business process automation. Fundamentals of Speaker Recognition introduces Speaker Identification, Speaker Verification, Speaker (Audio Event) Classification, Speaker Detection, Speaker Tracking and more. The technical problems are rigorously defined, and a complete picture is made of the relevance of the discussed algorithms and their usage in building a comprehensive Speaker Recognition System. Designed as a textbook with examples and exercises at the end of each chapter, Fundamentals of Speaker Recognition is suitable for advanced-level students in computer science and engineering, concentrating on biometrics, speech recognition, pattern recognition, signal processing and, specifically, speaker recognition. It is also a valuable reference for developers of commercial technology and for speech scientists. Please click on the link under Additional Information to view supplemental information including the Table of Contents and Index. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A Research Guide to the Ancient World John M. Weeks, Jason de Medeiros, 2014-11-25 A Research Guide to the Ancient World: Print and Electronic Sources is a partially annotated bibliography that covers the study of the ancient world, and closes the traditional subject gap between the humanities and the social sciences in this area of study. This book is the only bibliographic resource available for such holistic coverage. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary D. N. Mackenzie, 2014-09-25 First published in 2004. The purpose of this dictionary is to provide the student with a representative vocabulary of Pahlavi in which such uncertain words have been reduced to a minimum and marked. It includes the commonest 4,000 simple words. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Using Online Dictionaries Carolin Müller-Spitzer, 2014-08-22 Until now, there has been very little research into the use of online dictionaries. In contrast, the market for online dictionaries is increasing both for academic lexicography and for commercial lexicography, with sales figures for printed reference works in continual decline. This has led to a demand for reliable empirical information on how online dictionaries are actually being used and how they could be made more user-friendly. The volume Using Online Dictionaries makes a substantial contribution to closing this research gap. It is divided into four parts: The first part contains articles on fundamental issues: a research review of the empirical studies on digital dictionaries which have already been carried out, and a brief methodological guideline for lexicographical researchers who are interested in conducting their own empirical research. The second part contains the results of two studies that focus on general questions about the use of online dictionaries. It presents empirical data on contexts of dictionary use, on expectations and demands regarding online dictionaries. Furthermore, innovative features, such as the use of multimedia elements or the option of a user-adaptive interface and questions of design were assessed empirically. The third part of this volume comprises more specific studies of online dictionaries: an eye-tracking study evaluating the new web design of the dictionary portal OWID and a log file study which tries to get to the bottom of the following question: Do dictionary users look up frequent words, or put differently, is there a connection between how often a word is looked up and how often it appears in a corpus? In the last chapter of this thematic section, the question of how users judge the combination of a written paraphrase and an additional illustration in illustrated online dictionaries is addressed. The last part focuses on the use of monolingual dictionaries, in particular the German online dictionary elexiko. In this context, two online questionnaire-based studies were carried out. The empirical studies were conducted in the form of online surveys combining questionnaires and experimental elements and in the form of laboratory studies using eye-tracking technology as well as using observational methods such as log file analyses. Regarding the comprehensive research framework, this volume can be relevant to lexicographers, metalexicographers and linguists who are interested in the use of (online) dictionaries and in the development and exploration of lexicographical data for the internet, as well as linguists interested in empirical methods. It addresses a broad expert audience by presenting an academic subject which is currently the focus of much discussion. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Cognitive Linguistics and Translation Ana Rojo, Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano, 2013-07-15 The papers compiled in the present volume aim at investigating the many fruitful manners in which cognitive linguistics can expand further on cognitive translation studies. Some papers (e.g. Halverson, Muñoz-Martín, Martín de León) take a theoretical stand, since the epistemological and ontological bases of both areas (cognitive linguistics and translation studies) should be known before specific contributions of cognitive linguistic to translation are tackled. Several works in the volume attempt to illustrate how some of the notions imported from cognitive linguistics may contribute to enrich our understanding of the translation process in a general translation problem such as metaphor (e.g. Samaniego), the relationship between form and meaning (e.g. Tabakowska, Rojo and Valenzuela) or cultural aspects (e.g. Bernárdez, Sharifian/Jamarani). Others use translation as an empirical field to test some of the basic assumptions of cognitive linguistics such as frames (e.g. Boas), metonymy (e.g. Brdar/Brdar-Szabó), and lexicalisation patterns (e.g. Ibarretxe-Antuñano/Filipovi?). Finally, another set of papers (e.g. Feist, Hatzidaki) opens up new lines of investigation for experimental research, a very promising area still underdeveloped. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Dictionary English-Persian, Persian-English S. Haim, 1992 |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Persian Contributions to the English Language Garland Hampton Cannon, Alan S. Kaye, 2001 The Persian Contributions to the English Language: An Historical Dictionary contains 811 main entries. Its major purpose is to advance the historical study of comprehensive, chiefly lexical borrowing between languages in contact. The ancillary purpose is to show how a collected corpus of loans can shed light on multiple disciplines. This wide-ranging, innovative book is the largest, most up-to-date collection of English words and multiword lexical units borrowed from Persian, directly or through a mediating language such as Hindi/Urdu, Arabic or Turkish. All general English dictionaries were searched, including electronic retrieval from the second edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. A major feature of the tome is that each dictionary entry gives its first known recorded date in written English, its semantic field, any modern variant form and labels, etymology including 'native' meaning(s), English definitions in chronological order as could be dated, any derivative forms includ-ing functional shifts and compounds, sometimes a grammatical note, the symbolized sources where the loan is recorded, and the degree of naturalization in English. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic Hans Wehr, 1979 An enlarged and improved version of Arabisches Wèorterbuch fèur die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart by Hans Wehr and includes the contents of the Supplement zum Arabischen Wèorterbuch fèur die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart and a collection of new additional material (about 13.000 entries) by the same author. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Cultural-Linguistic Explorations into Spirituality, Emotionality, and Society Hans-Georg Wolf, Denisa Latić, Anna Finzel, 2021-09-15 This book offers Cultural-Linguistic explorations into the diverse Lebenswelten of a wide range of cultural contexts, such as South Africa, Hungary, India, Nigeria, China, Romania, Iran, and Poland. The linguistic expedition sets out to explore three thematic segments that were, thus far, under-researched from a cultural linguistic perspective – spirituality, emotionality, and society. The analytical tools provided by Cultural Linguistics, such as cultural conceptualizations and cultural metaphors, are not only applied to various corpora and types of texts but also recalibrated and renegotiated. As a result, the studies in this collective volume showcase a rich body of work that contributes to the manifestation of Cultural Linguistics as an indispensable paradigm in modern language studies. Being a testament to the inseparability of language and culture, this book will enlighten academics, professionals and students working in the fields of Cultural Linguistics, sociology, gender studies, religious studies, and cultural studies. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Biographical Dictionary of Anthropologists William Stewart, 2024-11-05 This biographical dictionary provides information on 322 men and women who have made or are making significant contributions in the field of anthropology. A short biography highlights each person's professional and private background and detailed analysis of the theories or approaches that each contributed to his or her individual field and a guide to their major published works are provided. A chronological appendix lists each person's date of birth, full name, and primary field of study, guiding readers to entries covering 1681 to 2006. An extensive glossary explains technical terms used throughout the work. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: What Language Is John McWhorter, 2013-02-12 New York Times bestselling author and renowned linguist, John McWhorter, explores the complicated and fascinating world of languages. From Standard English to Black English; obscure tongues only spoken by a few thousand people in the world to the big ones like Mandarin - What Language Is celebrates the history and curiosities of languages around the world and smashes our assumptions about correct grammar. An eye-opening tour for all language lovers, What Language Is offers a fascinating new perspective on the way humans communicate. From vanishing languages spoken by a few hundred people to major tongues like Chinese, with copious revelations about the hodgepodge nature of English, John McWhorter shows readers how to see and hear languages as a linguist does. Packed with Big Ideas about language alongside wonderful trivia, What Language Is explains how languages across the globe (the Queen's English and Surinam creoles alike) originate, evolve, multiply, and divide. Raising provocative questions about what qualifies as a language (so-called slang does have structured grammar), McWhorter also takes readers on a marvelous journey through time and place-from Persian to the languages of Sri Lanka- to deliver a feast of facts about the wonders of human linguistic expression. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Emissaries in Early Modern Literature and Culture Gitanjali Shahani, 2016-04-29 With its emphasis on early modern emissaries and their role in England's expansionary ventures and cross-cultural encounters across the globe, this collection of essays takes the messenger figure as a focal point for the discussion of transnational exchange and intercourse in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It sees the emissary as embodying the processes of representation and communication within the world of the text, itself an 'emissary' that strives to communicate and re-present certain perceptions of the 'real.' Drawing attention to the limits and licenses of communication, the emissary is a reminder of the alien quality of foreign language and the symbolic power of performative gestures and rituals. Contributions to this collection examine different kinds of cross-cultural activities (e.g. diplomacy, trade, translation, espionage, missionary endeavors) in different world areas (e.g. Asia, the Mediterranean, the Levant, the New World) via different critical methods and approaches. They take up the literary and cultural productions and representations of ambassadors, factors, traders, translators, spies, middlemen, merchants, missionaries, and other agents, who served as complex conduits for the global transport of goods, religious ideologies, and socio-cultural practices throughout the early modern period. Authors in the collection investigate the multiple ways in which the emissary became enmeshed in emerging discourses of racial, religious, gender, and class differences. They consider how the emissary's role might have contributed to an idealized progressive vision of a borderless world or, conversely, permeated and dissolved borders and boundaries between peoples only to further specific group interests. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A History of Ottoman Economic Thought Fatih Ermiş, 2013-12-04 The Ottoman Empire (1299-1923) existed at the crossroads of the East and the West. Neither the history of Western Asia, nor that of Eastern Europe, can be fully understood without knowledge of the history of the Ottoman Empire. The question is often raised of whether or not economic thinking can exist in a non-capitalistic society. In the Ottoman Empire, like in all other pre-capitalistic cultures, the economic sphere was an integral part of social life, and elements of Ottoman economic thought can frequently be found in amongst political, social and religious ideas. Ottoman economic thinking cannot, therefore, be analyzed in isolation; analysis of economic thinking can reveal aspects of the entire world view of the Ottomans. Based on extensive archival work, this landmark volume examines Ottoman economic thinking in the classical period using three concepts: humorism, circle of justice and household economy. Basing the research upon the writings of the Ottoman elite and bureaucrats, this book explores Ottoman economic thinking starting from its own dynamics, avoiding the temptation to seek modern economic theories and approaches in the Ottoman milieu. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Essential Arabic Fethi Mansouri, 2013-09-03 This portable, user-friendly Arabic language guide, phrasebook and dictionary is the easiest and most affordable way to learn Arabic before and during your trip. If you only want to purchase one Arabic language book--Essential Arabic is the way to go. Part of Tuttle Publishing's Essential Series, it is a great first introduction and beginner guide to the language of the Arab world and is also designed as an Arabic phrasebook, making it the most versatile Arabic language learning tool on the market. Perfect for business people or tourist traveling to the Middle East or for students who want to supplement their learning, this book's easy indexing feature allows it to act as an Arabic phrasebook or as an English-Arabic dictionary. A clever point to feature allows you to simply point to a phrase translated in Arabic without the need to say a single word. You will soon find yourself turning to Essential Arabic again and again when visiting the Arab world and working or interacting with Arabic speakers. In this book you will find: Over 1500 practical sentences for everyday use. A glossary of over 200 terms and expressions. Extensive information about Arabic grammar and pronunciation. Latest Arabic vocabulary and Arabic phrases for smartphones, social media and more. This beginner Arabic language book will help you to quickly and easily learn Arabic. Your ability to read Arabic, write Arabic, speak Arabic, and comprehend Arabic will be vastly improved without having to take an entire Arabic language class. Other titles in this bestselling series of phrasebooks include: Essential Japanese, Essential Chinese, Essential Korean, Essential Tagalog, and Essential Arabic. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Exegisti Monumenta Werner Sundermann, Almut Hintze, François de Blois, 2009 Sign. 100.508 |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Poetry of British India, 1780–1905 Maire ni Fhlathuin, 2022-07-30 This two-volume reset edition draws together a selection of Anglo-Indian poetry from the Romantic era and the nineteenth century. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Rethinking Feminism in Early Modern Studies Ania Loomba, Melissa E Sanchez, 2016-07-12 Winner of the Society for the Study of Early Modern Women’s Collaborative Book Prize 2017 Rethinking Feminism in Early Modern Studies is a volume of essays by leading scholars in the field of early modern studies on the history, present state, and future possibilities of feminist criticism and theory. It responds to current anxieties that feminist criticism is in a state of decline by attending to debates and differences that have emerged in light of ongoing scholarly discussions of race, affect, sexuality, and transnationalism-work that compels us continually to reassess our definitions of ’women’ and gender. Rethinking Feminism demonstrates how studies of early modern literature, history, and culture can contribute to a reimagination of feminist aims, methods, and objects of study at this historical juncture. While the scholars contributing to Rethinking Feminism have very different interests and methods, they are united in their conviction that early modern studies must be in dialogue with, and indeed contribute to, larger theoretical and political debates about gender, race, and sexuality, and to the relationship between these areas. To this end, the essays not only analyze literary texts and cultural practices to shed light on early modern ideology and politics, but also address metacritical questions of methodology and theory. Taken together, they show how a consciousness of the complexity of the past allows us to rethink the genealogies and historical stakes of current scholarly norms and debates. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Reawakening the Public Research University Renée Beville Flower, Brent M. Haddad, 2014-03-28 A core institution in the human endeavor—the public research university—is in transition. As U.S. public universities adapt to a multi-decadal decline in public funding, they risk losing their essential character as a generator, evaluator, and archivist of ideas and as a wellspring of tomorrow’s intellectual, economic, and political leaders. This book explores the core interdependent and coevolving structures of the research university: its physical domain (buildings, libraries, classrooms), administration (governance and funding), and intellectual structures (curricula and degree programs). It searches the U.S. history of the public research university to identify its essential qualities, and generates recommendations that identify the crucial roles of university administration, state government and federal government. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Contending with Globalization in World Englishes Mukul Saxena, Tope Omoniyi, 2010 This book engages with English in globalization, re-examining and re-interpreting the contemporary contexts of its acquisition and use. The chapters contained in this book weave together four inter-related themes that define the role of English in the global context: the `centrality of structure', `relationships of interdependence', `social constructions of difference' and `reproduction of inequality'. These themes enable the authors to draw attention to the dynamics of the contemporary realities of the `English-speaking' and `English-using' nations, especially as they compete for cultural, social, economic and symbolic capital in global networks. In engaging World Englishes with the sociolinguistics of globalization, the authors raise some fundamental questions about the status, structure, and functions of World Englishes. What roles are English and World Englishes playing in globalization? What effect is globalization having on English and World Englishes? What effect is globalization having on other languages? Anyone interested in exploring these crucial questions will find this book a most helpful and stimulating companion. The editors have assembled an appropriately diverse all-star cast of contributors, each of whom approaches the topic from a refreshingly innovative standpoint To paraphrase OmoniyVspoem which opens the book, readers will learn to `waltz, salsa and lion-dance' (and hip-hop) their way through the complex cultural and linguistic steps of globalization.Andy Kirkpatrick, Hong Kong Institute of Education |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: The Poetry of British India, 1780–1905 Vol 1 Maire ni Fhlathuin, 2020-03-19 This two-volume reset edition draws together a selection of Anglo-Indian poetry from the Romantic era and the nineteenth century. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Balderdash & Piffle Alex Games, 2010-12-15 Discover the fascinating stories behind the words and phrases we use every day. English is now the worlds most popular second language, understood by over 700 million people across the globe. Its use is amazingly broad: not only is it the language of Chaucer and Shakespeare, but also of hip-hop, international business and the internet (over 80% of home pages are in English). So where exactly do English words come from? They come from everywhere. English is a vast, rambling conglomeration of words and phrases from a huge variety of times and places, and every word has its own intriguing history. Balderdash & Piffle is a guidebook an entertaining look at what falls out of the chaotic family tree of English words when you uproot it and give it a damn good shake. Shaking the tree is writer, humourist and word-sleuth Alex Games. If youve ever wondered who first used cuppa in print, what language gave us shampoo, when we started saying window, where minging comes from, what Shakespeare had to say about geeks and why berk is really, really rude, youll find it all (and much more) inside. Youll also have the chance to do your own word-sleuthing, through the BBC Wordhunt appeal. Who knows if you have written evidence of a bouncy castle from before 1986, you could even re-write history |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Recoding World Literature B. Venkat Mani, 2016-12-01 Winner, 2018 Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Studies in Germanic Languages and Literatures, Modern Language Association Winner, 2018 German Studies Association DAAD Book Prize in Germanistik and Cultural Studies. From the current vantage point of the transformation of books and libraries, B. Venkat Mani presents a historical account of world literature. By locating translation, publication, and circulation along routes of “bibliomigrancy”—the physical and virtual movement of books—Mani narrates how world literature is coded and recoded as literary works find new homes on faraway bookshelves. Mani argues that the proliferation of world literature in a society is the function of a nation’s relationship with print culture—a Faustian pact with books. Moving from early Orientalist collections, to the Nazi magazine Weltliteratur, to the European Digital Library, Mani reveals the political foundations for a history of world literature that is at once a philosophical ideal, a process of exchange, a mode of reading, and a system of classification. Shifting current scholarship’s focus from the academic to the general reader, from the university to the public sphere, Recoding World Literature argues that world literature is culturally determined, historically conditioned, and politically charged. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: A Muslim Who Became a Christian John Avetaranian, Richard Schafer, 2003 One day I noticed among her books one that I had never seen before. I looked inside and read the beginning-it was the Gospel in Turkish. This would be Muhammed ShUkri's first encounter with the truth of Jesus Christ as testified to in the book of the Christians, the New Testament. It would not be his last. This Muslim and mullah, this dervish and descendant of the prophet Muhammad, from the distant province of Erzerum in the Ottoman Empire, would continue to follow in Jesus' footsteps, leading him to Russia, Sweden, China, Germany, and Bulgaria. He would come to live and work with Americans, Europeans, Armenians, Persians, and Turks from various backgrounds. And his desire that his own Turkish people and Muslims in general should hear the words of the Gospel would never diminish. Here is his story in his own words. |
| oxford dictionary english to persian online: Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics Jared Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, 2017-09-25 This book presents the most comprehensive coverage of the field of Indo-European Linguistics in a century, focusing on the entire Indo-European family and treating each major branch and most minor languages. The collaborative work of 120 scholars from 22 countries, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics combines the exhaustive coverage of an encyclopedia with the in-depth treatment of individual monographic studies. |
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Find out more about Oxford's foundation year for talented students who have experienced disadvantage and educational disruption. Choosing your course Top tips that will inspire you …
About the University of Oxford
Oxford is a world-leading centre of learning, teaching and research and the oldest university in the English-speaking world.
Applying to Oxford - University of Oxford
Oxford is recognised as offering one of the best educations in the world and competition for places to study here at undergraduate level is intense. On average we receive over 23,000 …
牛津大学 - University of Oxford
作为世界闻名的顶尖学府，牛津大学在过去数百年间里一直以其在教育、科研、医药、数学、经济及历史等各领域所取得的 ...
Facts and figures - University of Oxford
Dec 1, 2022 · Oxford was ranked first in the world in the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings for 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025 - a record …
Graduate admissions - University of Oxford
The Graduate Admissions pages of the University of Oxford website are designed for those applying for postgraduate study at the University of Oxford during the 2025-26 academic year.
History - University of Oxford
Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest university in the English-speaking world, it can lay claim to nine centuries of continuous existence.Here’s a timeline of key dates:
University of Oxford
Oxford University provides world-class research and education to benefit society on a local, regional, national …
Welcome to the University of Oxford | University of Oxford
You don't have to be a student to get involved with the University of Oxford. Find out more about helping our research, visiting our beautiful …
Undergraduate admissions and outreach | University of Oxford
Discover the colleges which make Oxford a special place to live and study. Is Oxford right for you? Discover life as an Oxford student and make up your …
Courses - University of Oxford
Find out more about Oxford's foundation year for talented students who have experienced disadvantage and educational disruption. …
About the University of Oxford
Oxford is a world-leading centre of learning, teaching and research and the oldest university in the English-speaking world.
