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| nypd retirement plan: The Road to NYPD Retirement (2019 Edition) Thomann, 2019-03-20 |
| nypd retirement plan: The Road to Nypd Retirement Peter Thomann, 2013-01 Retirement should be an occasion for enjoying leisure time and engaging in new pursuits, and for those employed in law enforcement, a moment to take stock of one's accomplishments and take pride in one's service. Yet those members of the New York City Police Department looking ahead to retirement today face an unclear and confusing landscape, with countless decisions having to be made well in advance of their retirement date, often on an irrevocable basis. The Road to NYPD Retirement: A comprehensive retirement planning resource for active and retired NYPD members is an indispensable guide to navigating the choices facing all retiring and retired members of the NYPD. The Road to NYPD Retirement will equip active, soon-to-retire, and retired NYPD personnel with a working knowledge of retirement planning and an easy-to-follow roadmap of key decisions, including determining an optimal retirement date, election of final distribution, New York City Deferred Compensation Plan distributions, rollovers, pension options, union annuity plan distributions, and tax issues. Included in The Road to NYPD Retirement are: Detailed examples of NYPD pension calculations, based on twenty years of service and beyond; Analysis of final distribution, exploring advantages and disadvantages and rollover choices for the final distribution; Tax issues for NYPD members; IRC 72(t) exception and how it can benefit retired NYPD members; Strategies for optimizing Social Security; and Case studies presenting different scenarios and applicable approaches to retirement planning. While The Road to NYPD Retirement is not meant to provide all of the answers to the complex decisions facing active and retired members of the NYPD today, it will unquestionably provide a solid understanding of tax and retirement planning issues specific to NYPD members and help ensure a secure and stable foundation for the years to come. |
| nypd retirement plan: A History of Public Sector Pensions in the United States Robert L. Clark, Lee A. Craig, Jack W. Wilson, 2003-05-12 From the Wharton School, offering a comprehensive assessment of the political and financial dimensions of public-sector pensions from the colonial period until the emergence of modern retirement plans in the twentieth century. |
| nypd retirement plan: NYPD James Lardner, Thomas Reppetto, 2001-08 Traces the history of the world's largest municipal police force from its founding in 1845 to the present day, revealing an organization fraught with hidden conflicts between politicians, bureaucrats, and the cops on the beat. |
| nypd retirement plan: NYPD Confidential Leonard Levitt, 2010-11-23 Examines the rivalry of New York City's police commissioner and mayor for control over and credit for the city's police force, identifying disturbing cover-ups and corrupt practices that are undermining the NYPD's effectiveness and honor. |
| nypd retirement plan: Balancing the Badge to Make a Difference: What Every Law Enforcement Professional Should Know about Managing Money and Life. Jim Kalinowski, 2018-10-23 Balancing the Badge to Make a Difference is a holistic approach toward balancing a law enforcement career with a purpose-driven retirement. Balancing the Badge to Make a Difference is based on a relationship with God and family, and a solid financial plan. Jim's passion for creating the Balancing the Badge concept and writing this book began while working alongside peace officers and providing financial services to them. He quickly recognized the importance of Balancing the Badge to provide financial information for officers to plan for retirement and also for developing a purpose-driven retirement to keep retirees motivated, healthy, productive, and most importantly, happy in retirement. Research for this book includes more than 36 years of police experience as an officer and a manager, providing financial services to officers and the public for over 20 years, raising a family, his relationship to God, teaching financial planning and life planning for over seven years to officers and cadets, and conducting extensive interviews with law enforcement professionals regarding their life goals during their career and into retirement. The goal for this book is about transforming law enforcement personnel to embrace the concept of Balancing the Badge because a purpose-driven retirement is critical for law enforcement survival. The objective of this book is to provide the tools to cross the bridge from achieving financial wealth, to also achieving life wealth. Building a life portfolio is as important as building a financial portfolio. This is a must-read book for all officers at any stage of their career including retirees that wish to live a life worth living. This book can easily by applied to all other careers as well. Reviews include: Jim's classes were valuable to both me and my wife as we planned for our retirement. It caused us to have realistic goals and expectations and to formulate a plan to keep everything in line with God's plan for our lives, as well as meeting our financial goals. - Eric Fagan, Houston Police Officer (retired). Jim has an enormous heart and unyielding energy to help officers and anyone in need to live a life worth living. Jim's vast police experience and extensive financial experience coupled with his faith and charity work guide him to help others live a balanced life. This book is a must read for all law enforcement personnel at any stage of their career, including retirees. I also recommend this book to anyone searching for their purpose. - James Bollig, Houston Police Sergeant (retired) & Army Veteran. Balancing the Badge is a great 'How To' book on achieving Financial Freedom as well as genuine freedom. Everyone wants to be successful financially, but most of us never attain it. The reason is because we either don't know how or are not willing to do what it takes. This book gives you the knowledge and the motivation. Remove the handcuffs and start living a life free from bondage. Thank you, Lt Jim, for writing this book! - Terry Farrar, CFP. The value of a plan integrating the priorities of career, finances, family, and spiritual well-being cannot be understated. This book provides a road map in establishing your long-term plan to achieve personal success, happiness and financial security, geared specifically to law enforcement. - Dan Murphy, Inspector, NYPD (retired). |
| nypd retirement plan: Public Safety Officers' Benefits Program , 1999 |
| nypd retirement plan: Emergency Medical Specialist Trainee National Learning Corporation, 2013 The Emergency Medical Specialist Trainee Passbook(R) prepares you for your test by allowing you to take practice exams in the subjects you need to study. It provides hundreds of questions and answers in the areas that will likely be covered on your upcoming exam, including but not limited to: reasoning maps and spatial orientation; written comprehension and expression; and more. |
| nypd retirement plan: The Impact of Medicare United States. Social Security Administration. Office of Research and Statistics, 1970 |
| nypd retirement plan: Boots on the ground: Troop Density in Contingency Operations John J. McGrath, 2006 This paper clearly shows the immediate relevancy of historical study to current events. One of the most common criticisms of the U.S. plan to invade Iraq in 2003 is that too few troops were used. The argument often fails to satisfy anyone for there is no standard against which to judge. A figure of 20 troops per 1000 of the local population is often mentioned as the standard, but as McGrath shows, that figure was arrived at with some questionable assumptions. By analyzing seven military operations from the last 100 years, he arrives at an average number of military forces per 1000 of the population that have been employed in what would generally be considered successful military campaigns. He also points out a variety of important factors affecting those numbers-from geography to local forces employed to supplement soldiers on the battlefield, to the use of contractors-among others. |
| nypd retirement plan: Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax , 1995 |
| nypd retirement plan: A Look at Life from a Deer Stand (Milano Softone) Steve Chapman, 2017-09-01 The Thrill of the HuntThe Thrill of Living for God The adventure of a lifetime awaits when you join avid outdoorsman Steve Chapman on the hunt for more than just deer. As Steve retells some of his best hunting stories, you'll gain valuable insights on relationships, success, and most important, spiritual growth. With humor and honesty, Steve shares the ups and downs from his numerous treks into deer country. Relive some of your fondest hunting memories and draw closer to God as you read about the wonder and anticipation of a teenage boy's first hunt a generous gesture that turns into a double portion of venison the mixed emotions of a hunter tracking wounded game a father and son who both get their first deer with a bow—on the same day an unexpected encounter with a magnificent whitetail This handsome edition of Steve's bestselling book with a faux-leather binding and a built-in bookmark is the perfect choice for every hunting enthusiast. |
| nypd retirement plan: Enemies Within Matt Apuzzo, Adam Goldman, 2014-09-16 Two Pulitzer Prize–winning journalists take an unbridled look into one of the most sensitive post-9/11 national security investigations—a breathtaking race to stop a second devastating terrorist attack on American soil. In Enemies Within, Matt Apuzzo and Adam Goldman “reveal how New York really works” (James Risen, author of State of War) and lay bare the complex and often contradictory state of counterterrorism and intelligence in America through the pursuit of Najibullah Zazi, a terrorist bomber who trained under one of bin Laden’s most trusted deputies. Zazi and his co-conspirators represented America’s greatest fear: a terrorist cell operating inside America. This real-life spy story—uncovered in previously unpublished secret NYPD documents and interviews with intelligence sources—shows that while many of our counterterrorism programs are more invasive than ever, they are often counterproductive at best. After 9/11, New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly initiated an audacious plan for the Big Apple: dispatch a vast network of plainclothes officers and paid informants—called “rakers” and “mosque crawlers”—into Muslim neighborhoods to infiltrate religious communities and eavesdrop on college campuses. Police amassed data on innocent people, often for their religious and political beliefs. But when it mattered most, these strategies failed to identify the most imminent threats. In Enemies Within, Appuzo and Goldman tackle the tough questions about the measures that we take to protect ourselves from real and perceived threats. They take you inside America’s sprawling counterterrorism machine while it operates at full throttle. They reveal what works, what doesn’t, and what Americans have unknowingly given up. “Did the Snowden leaks trouble you? You ain’t seen nothing yet” (Dan Bigman, Forbes editor). |
| nypd retirement plan: Fixing Broken Windows George L. Kelling, Catherine M. Coles, 1996 Cites successful examples of community-based policing. |
| nypd retirement plan: BNA Pension & Benefits Reporter , 2007-07 |
| nypd retirement plan: Nypd Patrol Guide 2007 Looseleaf Law Publications, 2008-12-01 Complete, Accurate and Up-to-Date. Easy-to-Read. All interim orders affecting the Patrol Guide are included. 20 convenient quick-find tabs.Shipping/Handling charge $9.50 |
| nypd retirement plan: Brave Hearts: Extraordinary Stories of Pride, Pain, and Courage , |
| nypd retirement plan: The Secret Files: Bill Deblasio, The NYPD, and the Broken Promises of Police Reform Michael Hayes, 2023-02-21 An unprecedented breakdown of the NYPD’s powerful network of police unions, pro-police lawyers, and top brass who work relentlessly to shield police officers from any real accountability For readers of long-form, hard-hitting journalistic exposés like We Own This City, a compelling look at how we do—and don't—hold police responsible in America, by an award-winning progressive reporter covering the NYPD police beat In 2018, reporter Michael Hayes uncovered a major story about how the NYPD was not only turning a blind eye to police misconduct, but also allowing hundreds of officers with severe misconduct charges to remain on the force. In the aftermath of that story, then-Mayor Bill de Blasio attempted to reform the department only to abandon his plans. While de Blasio may have suffered a political setback, it’s New Yorkers who are the true victims of this failure to deliver accountability and transparency. The state has a law that specifically prevents the public from learning about concealed police records. New Yorkers are increasingly distrustful of the police after witnessing their loved ones being targeted, brutalized, and murdered with near impunity. Hayes takes readers inside decades of police corruption and controversial laws, chronicling the stories of the families and activists who have had enough. He makes a compelling case for the limits of reform in the aftermath of the major Black Lives Matter rallies following the murder of George Floyd and growing calls to defund the police. |
| nypd retirement plan: New York's Finest Michael Daly, 2021-12-07 The gritty, true blue story of two remarkable cops and an equally extraordinary nurse who provided the spirit and smarts that transformed Fear City into the safest big city in America. NEW YORK'S FINEST is the story of a city's transformation through the tireless efforts of Detective Steven McDonald, Nurse Justiniano, Jack Maple, and a host of hero cops—including the great niece of Jazz Age great Josephine Baker—the finest of The Finest. The son and grandson of cops, Officer McDonald was shot and paralyzed from the neck down while on patrol in 1986. The doctors said that if he did survive, he would be better off dead. It was then he came under the care of one Nurse Nina Justiniano. Where the teenage gunman was produced by the worst of Harlem's social ills, she personified its many graces, rescuing Steven from despair and urging him to transcend hate and bitterness. McDonald was then promoted to detective at the urging of NYPD Deputy Commissioner Jack Maple, a postal worker's son who sported a bow tie, Homburg hat, and two-tone shoes as he implemented transformative crime-fighting strategies to deter violent subway robberies. Coming up in the force, Maple had been routinely mocked for imagining the impossible: that Times Square would one day be a destination for families and tourists. Now, resentments and tensions are mounting in the same neighborhoods that most benefited from the careful consideration of officers like McDonald and Maple. But as NEW YORK'S FINEST illustrates, their legacies, and those of people like Nurse Justiniano, may well rescue New York City from its present state of unrest and struggle in the wake of protests and the pandemic. |
| nypd retirement plan: Our Enemies in Blue Kristian Williams, 2015-08-17 Let's begin with the basics: violence is an inherent part of policing. The police represent the most direct means by which the state imposes its will on the citizenry. They are armed, trained, and authorized to use force. Like the possibility of arrest, the threat of violence is implicit in every police encounter. Violence, as well as the law, is what they represent. Using media reports alone, the Cato Institute's last annual study listed nearly seven thousand victims of police misconduct in the United States. But such stories of police brutality only scratch the surface of a national epidemic. Every year, tens of thousands are framed, blackmailed, beaten, sexually assaulted, or killed by cops. Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent on civil judgments and settlements annually. Individual lives, families, and communities are destroyed. In this extensively revised and updated edition of his seminal study of policing in the United States, Kristian Williams shows that police brutality isn't an anomaly, but is built into the very meaning of law enforcement in the United States. From antebellum slave patrols to today's unarmed youth being gunned down in the streets, peace keepers have always used force to shape behavior, repress dissent, and defend the powerful. Our Enemies in Blue is a well-researched page-turner that both makes historical sense of this legalized social pathology and maps out possible alternatives. Kristian Williams is the author of several books, including American Methods: Torture and the Logic of Domination. He co-edited Life During Wartime: Resisting Counterinsurgency, and lives in Portland, Oregon. |
| nypd retirement plan: Workplace Violence Christina M. Holbrook, David E. Bixler, Eugene A. Rugala, Carri Casteel, 2018-07-03 Workplace Violence: Issues in Threat Management defines what workplace violence is, delves into the myths and realities surrounding the topic and provides readers with the latest statistics, thinking, and strategies in the prevention of workplace violence. The authors, who themselves have implemented successful workplace violence protection programs, guide novice and experienced practitioners alike in the development of their own programs. |
| nypd retirement plan: QDROs , 1997 |
| nypd retirement plan: National Evaluation of the COPS Program Jeffrey A. Roth, 2000 |
| nypd retirement plan: Leadership Matters Craig Fischer, 2009 |
| nypd retirement plan: Healthy at Last Eric Adams, 2020-10-13 New York mayor Eric Adams is on a mission to tackle one of the most stubborn health problems in the country: chronic disease in the African American community. African Americans are heavier and sicker than any other group in the U.S., with nearly half of all Black adults suffering from some form of cardiovascular disease. After Adams woke up with severe vision loss one day in 2016, he learned that he was one of the nearly 5 million Black people living with diabetes-and, according to his doctor, he would have it for the rest of his life. A police officer for more than two decades, Adams was a connoisseur of the fast-food dollar menu. Like so many Americans with stressful jobs, the last thing he wanted to think about was eating healthfully. Fast food was easy, cheap, and comfortable. His diet followed him from the squad car to the state senate, and then to Brooklyn Borough Hall, where it finally caught up with him. But Adams was not ready to become a statistic. There was a better option besides medication and shots of insulin: food. Within three months of adopting a plant-based diet, he lost 35 pounds, lowered his cholesterol by 30 points, restored his vision, and reversed his diabetes. Now he is on a mission to revolutionize the health of not just the borough of Brooklyn, but of African Americans across the country. Armed with the hard science and real-life stories of those who have transformed their bodies by changing their diet, Adams shares the key steps for a healthy, active life. With this book, he shows readers how to avoid processed foods, cut down on salt, get more fiber, and substitute beef, chicken, pork, and dairy with delicious plant-based alternatives. In the process he explores the origins of soul food-a cuisine deeply important to the Black community, but also one rooted in the horrors of slavery-and how it can be reimagined with healthy alternatives. Features more than 50 recipes from celebrities and health experts, including Paul McCartney, Queen Afua, Jenné Claiborne, Bryant Jennings, Charity Morgan, Moby, and more! The journey to good health begins in the kitchen-not the hospital bed! |
| nypd retirement plan: My Life in the NYPD: James Wagner, Patrick Picciarelli, 2002-03-01 More information to be announced soon on this forthcoming title from Penguin USA. |
| nypd retirement plan: Government Pension Offset United States. Social Security Administration, 1991 |
| nypd retirement plan: Fear City Kim Phillips-Fein, 2017-04-18 PULITZER PRIZE FINALIST An epic, riveting history of New York City on the edge of disaster—and an anatomy of the austerity politics that continue to shape the world today When the news broke in 1975 that New York City was on the brink of fiscal collapse, few believed it was possible. How could the country’s largest metropolis fail? How could the capital of the financial world go bankrupt? Yet the city was indeed billions of dollars in the red, with no way to pay back its debts. Bankers and politicians alike seized upon the situation as evidence that social liberalism, which New York famously exemplified, was unworkable. The city had to slash services, freeze wages, and fire thousands of workers, they insisted, or financial apocalypse would ensue. In this vivid account, historian Kim Phillips-Fein tells the remarkable story of the crisis that engulfed the city. With unions and ordinary citizens refusing to accept retrenchment, the budget crunch became a struggle over the soul of New York, pitting fundamentally opposing visions of the city against each other. Drawing on never-before-used archival sources and interviews with key players in the crisis, Fear City shows how the brush with bankruptcy permanently transformed New York—and reshaped ideas about government across America. At once a sweeping history of some of the most tumultuous times in New York's past, a gripping narrative of last-minute machinations and backroom deals, and an origin story of the politics of austerity, Fear City is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the resurgent fiscal conservatism of today. |
| nypd retirement plan: Criminal Justice Essentials Sue Titus Reid, 2011-12-07 Revised and updated to reflect recent research and statutory changes, the Ninth Edition of Sue Titus Reid's Criminal Justice Essentials provides a comprehensive and concise overview of the U.S. criminal justice system. Represents the most thorough, legally accurate, and best-researched overview of the U.S. criminal justice system available today Anchored within the framework of the legal system and consistently includes legal decisions as a basis for much of its direction Accurately interprets the legal decisions which are cited Features references to current affairs Available in full color, including over 100 color photographs |
| nypd retirement plan: Strategies for Improving Officer Recruitment in the San Diego Police Department Greg Ridgeway, 2008 The San Diego Police Department (SDPD) has been operating below its authorized size in recent years. To bridge its personnel gap, the department needs to maximize its recruiting while minimizing officer attrition. To accomplish this goal, the department sought assistance from RAND to improve its recruiting efforts and suggest ways to improve the diversity of its recruits. This monograph describes RAND's effort to assist SDPD's recruiting program. |
| nypd retirement plan: Osborne of Sing Sing Frank Tannenbaum, 1933 |
| nypd retirement plan: Retirement George Szlemp, 2019-10-19 A fun filled guide to help you appreciate and learn what to expect when you are retired. Enhance your life-long achievements with practical insights. You will learn to better enjoy a fulfilling retirement. Each daily entry offers wisdom, witticisms and words of encouragement that retirees come to appreciate. Retirement may be different for each of us but the purpose of retirement is to have a retirement with purpose. Over 365 pages of sincere, genuine and thoughtful experiences. Gift giving book idea for the soon to be or recently retired person . Read it at your leasure and enjoy many, many hours of insightful observations. |
| nypd retirement plan: A Failure of Initiative United States. Congress. House. Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina, 2006 |
| nypd retirement plan: Street Cops Jill Freedman, 1981 Jill Freedman brings you the world of NYC cops at eh beginning of the 1980's. It's gritty and sometimes harsh, but always honest and dignified when protraying the lives of these men and women. This amazing photographer got amazing access, before there was a COPS on TV. |
| nypd retirement plan: NYPD Battles Crime Eli B. Silverman, 1999-06-10 Analyzes the New York City Police Department's (NYPD) high-tech crime fighting strategy, Compstat, and examines 25 years of change and leadership at NYPD, revealing that the Compstat crime control process is not an instant organizational turnaround but instead is the result of a gradual process of organizational change and leadership redirection. Of interest to students of policing and organizational management. Silverman is a professor of law, police science, and criminal justice administration at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR. |
| nypd retirement plan: West's New York Supplement , 1995 |
| nypd retirement plan: Sean Delonas: The Ones They Didn't Print and Some of the Ones They Did Sean Delonas, 2015-06-09 Page Six in the New York Post is a must-read for any New Yorker interested in the latest celebrity gossip, political scandal, or general dirt about the rich and famous. For almost a quarter of a century, the middle of Page Six was filled with the cartoons of Sean Delonas, and now, for the first time ever, Sean Delonas: The Ones They Didn’t Print and Some of the Ones They Did collects Sean’s favorite cartoons from his days at the Post, as well as some that the paper never printed. Delonas lampoons politicians, sports figures, pop culture, and celebrities and spares neither liberals nor conservatives in his provocative cartoons. From Obama, Clinton, Bush, and Romney, to the Kardashians, Michael Jackson, Lindsay Lohan, and Donald Trump, no one is safe from Delonas’s humorous eye. From cartoons about terrorism, the Olympics, professional sports, Hurricane Sandy, the Mafia, and gay marriage, Delonas has always pushed the limits with his art, which is often politically incorrect and frequently over the top. This collection of over two hundred full-color cartoons, along with a foreword by former New York Post music critic Dan Aquilante, is a must-have book for any New York Post fan or cartoon enthusiast. |
| nypd retirement plan: Employee Benefits Cases , 2002 |
New York City Police Pension Fund - NYC.gov
webCOPS offers a snapshot of basic member information and a variety of information upon request. Welcome to the New York City Police Pension Fund, where serving the world’s finest active and …
How Much Is The Average NYPD Pension - Livewell
Dec 29, 2023 · For those who have served in law enforcement, such as the New York City Police Department (NYPD), the pension benefits can play a crucial role in ensuring a comfortable post …
Your Retirement Benefits: Police and Fire Retirement System
As a public servant in New York State and a member of one of the world’s largest public pension systems, you are covered by a retirement plan that provides important benefits. Whether you …
How Does Nypd Pension Work? - Retire Gen Z
May 17, 2023 · NYPD Pension is a retirement plan provided to active and retired police officers for their long-term financial stability. The pension plan is based on a defined benefit, meaning the …
NYC Police Pension Fund - SeeThroughNY
The New York City Police Pension Fund data, as provided by the New York City Police Pension Fund (NYCPPF), includes actual benefit rates (the actual amount they received during the year), …
NYS codifies 20-year NYPD retirement plan | | qchron.com
May 22, 2025 · The legislation will codify a 20-year retirement plan for all NYPD members. Previously, NYPD officers hired after July 2009 had to serve 22 years to qualify for retirement, …
NYPD Pension Plan, is it Enough? - ClientFocusedAdvisors.com
Sep 3, 2021 · NYPD’s retirement plans are based on a tier system. The different tiers offer varying benefits and utilize different savings strategies. If you are using tier 2 of the NYPD retirement …
Top-rated NYPD cops to get $12K more each year in pensions as …
Top-rated cops who stick around despite being eligible to retire are now getting a sizable bump in pension — as lawmakers try to retain qualified officers after a massive exodus at the NYPD, The …
Summary Plan Description - NYC.gov
Police Pension Fund (“NYCPPF,” “PPF,” “Fund”), and is intended to summarize provisions relating to the retirement benefits offered to uniformed employees of the New York City Police …
Agencies Police Department Pension Fund - Office of the New …
Executive Summary The New York City Police Pension Fund (PPF) was established to provide pension and supplemental benefits to full-time uniformed employees in the New York City Police …
New York City Police Pension Fund - NYC.gov
webCOPS offers a snapshot of basic member information and a variety of information upon request. Welcome to the New York City Police Pension Fund, where serving the world’s …
How Much Is The Average NYPD Pension - Livewell
Dec 29, 2023 · For those who have served in law enforcement, such as the New York City Police Department (NYPD), the pension benefits can play a crucial role in ensuring a comfortable post-retirement life. In this article, we will delve …
Your Retirement Benefits: Police and Fire Retirement System
As a public servant in New York State and a member of one of the world’s largest public pension systems, you are covered by a retirement plan that provides important benefits. Whether you have just joined or have been a member your entire …
How Does Nypd Pension Work? - Retire Gen Z
May 17, 2023 · NYPD Pension is a retirement plan provided to active and retired police officers for their long-term financial stability. The pension plan is based on a defined benefit, meaning the plan provides a fixed amount of benefits upon …
NYC Police Pension Fund - SeeThroughNY
The New York City Police Pension Fund data, as provided by the New York City Police Pension Fund (NYCPPF), includes actual benefit rates (the actual amount they received during the year), retirement dates, and last known employers for every …
