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| operation ajax: All the Shah's Men Stephen Kinzer, 2004-08-12 This is the first full-length account of the CIA's coup d'etat in Iran in 1953—a covert operation whose consequences are still with us today. Written by a noted New York Times journalist, this book is based on documents about the coup (including some lengthy internal CIA reports) that have now been declassified. Stephen Kinzer's compelling narrative is at once a vital piece of history, a cautionary tale, and a real-life espionage thriller. |
| operation ajax: The CIA in Iran Christopher J. Petherick, 2007-01-01 Few Americans today have any idea why Iran and America seem forever to be at loggerheads or even why Iran held 52 American hostages for 444 days in Tehran after the overthrow of the shah, America's best ally in the region. Iranians remember well the 1953 CIA-orchestrated coup that forcibly removed democratically elected Prime Minster Mohammad Mossadeq, a man dedicated to loosening the grip the Western oil companies had over Iran and her oil. Now, for the first time, is the story of the coup d'etat that placed the dreaded Shah of Iran in power as told by former CIA operative Donald Wilber, a deep cover CIA asset in Iran at the time. Wilber lays out the whole plan--every dirty trick and rotten scheme--which so successfully removed Mossadeq, by all accounts a good nationalist and a wise leader. CIA In Iran reveals in shocking detail a once-top-secret report by a CIA field agent working in Iran. The report, which reads like a detective novel, shows how U.S. and British operatives employed every dirty trick at their disposal, including bribery, murder and terrorism, to eliminate a government they could not control and replace it with one they thought they could. It is the true story of how, in 1953, American agents destroyed the democratically elected prime minister of Iran, Mohammad Mossadeq, and maneuvered the infamous Shah of Iran, Reza Pahlavi, into power. The installation of the Shah led to Pahlavi's own ouster (he was feared by the majority of Iranians) and the creation of today's Iranian Islamic Republic. Following the overthrow in Iran, U.S. intelligence repeatedly employed the same formula in future coup attempts, including the disastrous Bay of Pigs, but could never quite replicate its success. To this day, historians and journalists contend the CIA is still utilizing what agents learned in Tehran in 1953. Likewise, you can believe that foreign governments are all more wary of U.S. scheming, thanks to the release of this report.Today, the rift between the United States and Iran, short of war, could not be wider. |
| operation ajax: Regime Change in Iran Donald Newton Wilber, 2006 In 1953, a coup d'etat in Iran was carefully organised by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States together with the British Secret Intelligence Service. The CIA Director 'approved a budget of $1 million which could be used by the Tehran Station in any way that would bring about the fall' of Premier Mossadeq. Once the deed had been accomplished, the CIA commissioned a history of its successful operation to change the Iranian regime. It is published here in full. This document is crucial to an understanding of Iranian history: but it also has some considerable relevance to the constitutional history of the United Kingdom. Here we have a short guide through the labyrinths of the world where things are not what they seem to be. Yet, the parallels with the current confrontation with Iran are all too clear.--BOOK JACKET. |
| operation ajax: Reset Stephen Kinzer, 2010-06-02 “A stern critique of American foreign policy and a concise, colorful, and compelling modern history of Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Israel.” —NPR Reset introduces an astonishing parade of characters: sultans, shahs, oil tycoons, mullahs, women of the world, liberators, oppressors, and dreamers of every sort. Woven together into a dazzling panorama, they help us see the Middle East in a new way—and lead to startling proposals for how the world’s most volatile region might be transformed. In this paradigm-shifting book, Stephen Kinzer argues that the United States needs to break out of its Cold War mindset and find new partners in the Middle East. Only two Muslim countries in the Middle East have experience with democracy: Iran and Turkey. They are logical partners for the United States. Besides proposing this new “power triangle,” Kinzer tells the turbulent story of America’s relations with Israel and Saudi Arabia, its traditional partners in the Middle East, and argues that those relations must be reshaped to fit the new realities of the twenty-first century. Kinzer’s provocative new view of the Middle East—and of America’s role there—will richly entertain while moving a vital policy debate beyond the stale alternatives of the last fifty years. Praise for Reset “A radical new course for the United States in the region.” —Foreign Affairs “Intriguing.” —The Economist “Fresh and well informed. . . . [A] lively, character-driven approach to history.” —The Washington Post |
| operation ajax: Ajax Design Patterns Michael Mahemoff, 2006-06-29 Ajax, or Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, exploded onto the scene in the spring of 2005 and remains the hottest story among web developers. With its rich combination of technologies, Ajax provides astrong foundation for creating interactive web applications with XML or JSON-based web services by using JavaScript in the browser to process the web server response. Ajax Design Patterns shows you best practices that can dramatically improve your web development projects. It investigates how others have successfully dealt with conflictingdesign principles in the past and then relays that information directly to you. The patterns outlined in the book fall into four categories: Foundational technology: Examines the raw technologies required for Ajax development Programming: Exposes techniques that developers have discovered to ensure their Ajax applications are maintainable Functionality and usability: Describes the types of user interfaces you'll come across in Ajax applications, as well as the new types of functionality that Ajax makes possible Development: Explains the process being used to monitor, debug, and test Ajax applications Ajax Design Patterns will also get you up to speed with core Ajax technologies, such as XMLHttpRequest, the DOM, and JSON. Technical discussions are followed by code examples so you can see for yourself just what is-and isn't-possible with Ajax. This handy reference will help you to produce high-quality Ajax architectures, streamline web application performance, and improve the userexperience. Michael Mahemoff holds a PhD in Computer Science and Software Engineering from the University of Melbourne, where his thesis was Design Reuse in Software Engineering and Human-Computer Interaction. He lives in London and consults on software development issues in banking, health care, and logistics. Michael Mahemoff's Ajax Design Patterns is a truly comprehensive compendium of webapplication design expertise, centered around but not limited to Ajax techniques. Polished nuggets of design wisdom are supported by tutorials and real-world code examples resulting in a book thatserves not only as an intermediate to expert handbook but also as an extensive reference for building rich interactive web applications. --Brent Ashley, remote scripting pioneer |
| operation ajax: Countercoup Kermit Roosevelt, 1979 |
| operation ajax: Overthrow Stephen Kinzer, 2007-02-06 An award-winning author tells the stories of the audacious American politicians, military commanders, and business executives who took it upon themselves to depose monarchs, presidents, and prime ministers of other countries with disastrous long-term consequences. |
| operation ajax: The Last Shah Ray Takeyh, 2021-01-26 The surprising story of Iran’s transformation from America’s ally in the Middle East into one of its staunchest adversaries An original interpretation that puts Iranian actors where they belong: at center stage.—Michael Doran, Wall Street Journal “An extraordinary account. . . . Deeply nuanced and eloquent.”—Benjamin Weinthal, Jerusalem Post Offering a new view of one of America’s most important, infamously strained, and widely misunderstood relationships of the postwar era, this book tells the history of America and Iran from the time the last shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, was placed on the throne in 1941 to the 1979 revolution that brought the present Islamist government to power. This revolution was not, as many believe, the popular overthrow of a powerful and ruthless puppet of the United States; rather, it followed decades of corrosion of Iran’s political establishment by an autocratic ruler who demanded fealty but lacked the personal strength to make hard decisions and, ultimately, lost the support of every sector of Iranian society. Esteemed Middle East scholar Ray Takeyh provides new interpretations of many key events—including the 1953 coup against Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq and the rise of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini—significantly revising our understanding of America and Iran’s complex and difficult history. |
| operation ajax: Argo Antonio Mendez, Matt Baglio, 2013-02-06 The true account of a daring rescue that inspired the film ARGO, winner of the 2012 Academy Award for Best Picture On November 4, 1979, Iranian militants stormed the American embassy in Tehran and captured dozens of American hostages, sparking a 444-day ordeal and a quake in global politics still reverberating today. But there is a little-known drama connected to the crisis: six Americans escaped. And a top-level CIA officer named Antonio Mendez devised an ingenious yet incredibly risky plan to rescue them before they were detected. Disguising himself as a Hollywood producer, and supported by a cast of expert forgers, deep cover CIA operatives, foreign agents, and Hollywood special effects artists, Mendez traveled to Tehran under the guise of scouting locations for a fake science fiction film called Argo. While pretending to find the perfect film backdrops, Mendez and a colleague succeeded in contacting the escapees, and smuggling them out of Iran. Antonio Mendez finally details the extraordinarily complex and dangerous operation he led more than three decades ago. A riveting story of secret identities and international intrigue, Argo is the gripping account of the history-making collusion between Hollywood and high-stakes espionage. |
| operation ajax: The German Pirate Ajax (pseud.), 1918 Accounts of German submarine exploits ... compiled from British Admiralty documents, and the sworn statements of survivors.--Foreword. |
| operation ajax: Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations Richard Trahair, 2012-01-10 The only comprehensive and up-to-date book of its kind with the latest information. |
| operation ajax: Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations R. C. S. Trahair, Robert L. Miller, 2013-10-18 The only updated Cold War spy encyclopedia in print. |
| operation ajax: Unthinkable Kenneth Pollack, 2014-09-30 Examines Iran's current nuclear potential while charting America's future course of action, recounting the prolonged clash between both nations to outline options for American policymakers. |
| operation ajax: Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran Mark J. Gasiorowski, Malcolm Byrne, 2015-02-01 Mohammad Mosaddeq is widely regarded as the leading champion of secular democracy and resistance to foreign domination in Iran's modern history. Mosaddeq became prime minister of Iran in May 1951 and promptly nationalized its British-controlled oil industry, initiating a bitter confrontation between Iraq and Britain that increasingly undermined Mossaddeq's position. He was finally overthrown in August 1953 in a coup d'etat that was organized and led by the United States Central Intelligence Agency. This coup initiated a twenty-five-year period of dictatorship in Iran, leaving many Iranians resentful of the U.S. legacies that still haunt relations between the two countries today. Contents include: Mosaddeq's Government in Iranian History: Arbitrary Rule, Democracy, and the 1953 Coup - Homa Katouzian; Unseating Mosaddeq: The Configuration and Role of Domestic Forces - Fakhreddin Azimi; The 1953 Coup in Iran and the Legacy of the Tudeh - Maziar Behrooz; Great Britain and the Intervention in Iran, 1953 - Wm. Roger Louis; The International Boycott of Iranian Oil and the Anti-Mossaddeq Coup of 1953 - Mary Ann Heiss; The Road to Intervention: Factors Influencing U.S. Policy Toward Iran, 1945-1953 - Malcolm Byrne; The 1953 Coup d'etat Against Mosaddeq - Mark J. Gasiorowski |
| operation ajax: More Than a Doctrine Randall Fowler, 2018-05-01 Given on January 5, 1957, the Eisenhower Doctrine Address forever changed America’s relationship with the Middle East. In the aftermath of the Suez Crisis, President Dwight D. Eisenhower boldly declared that the United States would henceforth serve as the region’s “protector of freedom” against Communist aggression. Eighteen months later the president invoked the Eisenhower Doctrine, landing troops in Lebanon and setting an enduring precedent for U.S. intervention in the Middle East. How did Eisenhower justify this intervention to an American public wary of foreign entanglements? Why did he boldly issue the doctrine that bears his name? And, most important, how has Eisenhower’s rhetoric continued to influence American policy and perception of the Middle East? Randall Fowler answers these questions and more in More Than a Doctrine. With the expansion of America’s global influence and the executive branch’s power, presidential rhetoric has become an increasingly important tool in U.S. foreign policy—nowhere more so than in the Middle East. By examining Eisenhower’s rhetoric, More Than a Doctrine explores how the argumentative origins of the Eisenhower Doctrine Address continue to impact us today. |
| operation ajax: Rapid Web Applications with TurboGears Mark Ramm, Kevin Dangoor, Gigi Sayfan, 2006-11-07 Master TurboGears: The Easy Python Framework for Rapid Web Development TurboGears harnesses the power of Python to provide a dynamic and easy-to-use Web development framework: one that dramatically increases developer productivity, and makes it far easier to create dynamic, user-friendly, Ajax-enabled Web applications. Now, for the first time, there’s a definitive guide to TurboGears–coauthored by its creator, Kevin Dangoor. This book will help experienced Web developers get productive with TurboGears–fast. You’ll quickly build your first TurboGears Web application–then extend it one step at a time, mastering the underlying libraries that make these enhancements possible. Next, the authors demonstrate TurboGears at work in a real-world application, by examining the code for “WhatWhat Status,” an open source project status tracking application. Finally, you’ll gain deep insight into the model, view, and controller technologies TurboGears is built upon: knowledge that will help you build far more robust and capable Python applications. Coverage includes Understanding the architecture of a TurboGears application Mastering SQLObject, customizing it, and using it with TurboGears models Utilizing TurboGears view technologies, including dynamic templates and MochiKit for Ajax Bringing CSS, XHTML, and JavaScript together in reusable components with TurboGears Widgets Using CherryPy and TurboGears controller technologies: from decorators to deployment Exploring the TurboGears toolbox Ensuring security and managing user access permissions in TurboGears applications |
| operation ajax: The Theater of War Bryan Doerries, 2016-08-23 For years theater director Bryan Doerries has been producing ancient Greek tragedies for a wide range of at-risk people in society. His is the personal and deeply passionate story of a life devoted to reclaiming the timeless power of an ancient artistic tradition to comfort the afflicted. Doerries leads an innovative public health project—Theater of War—that produces ancient dramas for current and returned soldiers, people in recovery from alcohol and substance abuse, tornado and hurricane survivors, and more. Tracing a path that links the personal to the artistic to the social and back again, Doerries shows us how suffering and healing are part of a timeless process in which dialogue and empathy are inextricably linked. The originality and generosity of Doerries’s work is startling, and The Theater of War—wholly unsentimental, but intensely felt and emotionally engaging—is a humane, knowledgeable, and accessible book that will both inspire and enlighten. |
| operation ajax: Iran, Past and Present Donald Newton Wilber, 2014-07-14 This Ninth Edition of the standard work on Iran includes up-to-date statistics and current information on the country. It begins with an account of the history, arts, languages, and religions of Iran from 4000 B.C. to the present. Originally published in 1982. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
| operation ajax: America's Great Game Hugh Wilford, 2013-12-03 From the 9/11 attacks to waterboarding to drone strikes, relations between the United States and the Middle East seem caught in a downward spiral. And all too often, the Central Intelligence Agency has made the situation worse. But this crisis was not a historical inevitability—far from it. Indeed, the earliest generation of CIA operatives was actually the region’s staunchest western ally. In America’s Great Game, celebrated intelligence historian Hugh Wilford reveals the surprising history of the CIA’s pro-Arab operations in the 1940s and 50s by tracing the work of the agency’s three most influential—and colorful—officers in the Middle East. Kermit “Kim” Roosevelt was the grandson of Theodore Roosevelt and the first head of CIA covert action in the region; his cousin, Archie Roosevelt, was a Middle East scholar and chief of the Beirut station. The two Roosevelts joined combined forces with Miles Copeland, a maverick covert operations specialist who had joined the American intelligence establishment during World War II. With their deep knowledge of Middle Eastern affairs, the three men were heirs to an American missionary tradition that engaged Arabs and Muslims with respect and empathy. Yet they were also fascinated by imperial intrigue, and were eager to play a modern rematch of the “Great Game,” the nineteenth-century struggle between Britain and Russia for control over central Asia. Despite their good intentions, these “Arabists” propped up authoritarian regimes, attempted secretly to sway public opinion in America against support for the new state of Israel, and staged coups that irrevocably destabilized the nations with which they empathized. Their efforts, and ultimate failure, would shape the course of U.S.–Middle Eastern relations for decades to come. Based on a vast array of declassified government records, private papers, and personal interviews, America’s Great Game tells the riveting story of the merry band of CIA officers whose spy games forever changed U.S. foreign policy. |
| operation ajax: More Than a Doctrine Randall Fowler, 2018-05 Given on January 5, 1957, the Eisenhower Doctrine Address forever changed America’s relationship with the Middle East. In the aftermath of the Suez Crisis, President Dwight D. Eisenhower boldly declared that the United States would henceforth serve as the region’s “protector of freedom” against Communist aggression. Eighteen months later the president invoked the Eisenhower Doctrine, landing troops in Lebanon and setting an enduring precedent for U.S. intervention in the Middle East. How did Eisenhower justify this intervention to an American public wary of foreign entanglements? Why did he boldly issue the doctrine that bears his name? And, most important, how has Eisenhower’s rhetoric continued to influence American policy and perception of the Middle East? Randall Fowler answers these questions and more in More Than a Doctrine. With the expansion of America’s global influence and the executive branch’s power, presidential rhetoric has become an increasingly important tool in U.S. foreign policy—nowhere more so than in the Middle East. By examining Eisenhower’s rhetoric, More Than a Doctrine explores how the argumentative origins of the Eisenhower Doctrine Address continue to impact us today. |
| operation ajax: The Coup Ervand Abrahamian, 2013-11-05 An “absorbing” account of the CIA’s 1953 coup in Iran—essential reading for anyone concerned about Iran’s role in the world today (Harper’s Magazine). In August 1953, the Central Intelligence Agency orchestrated the swift overthrow of Iran’s democratically elected leader and installed Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi in his place. When the 1979 Iranian Revolution deposed the shah and replaced his puppet government with a radical Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the shift reverberated throughout the Middle East and the world, casting a long, dark shadow over United States-Iran relations that extends to the present day. In this authoritative new history of the coup and its aftermath, noted Iran scholar Ervand Abrahamian uncovers little-known documents that challenge conventional interpretations and sheds new light on how the American role in the coup influenced diplomatic relations between the two countries, past and present. Drawing from the hitherto closed archives of British Petroleum, the Foreign Office, and the US State Department, as well as from Iranian memoirs and published interviews, Abrahamian’s riveting account of this key historical event will change America’s understanding of a crucial turning point in modern United States-Iranian relations. A Choice Outstanding Academic Title “Not only is this book important because of its presentation of history. It is also important because it might be predicting the future.” —Counterpunch “Subtle, lucid, and well-proportioned.” —The Spectator “A valuable corrective to previous work and an important contribution to Iranian history.” —American Historical Review |
| operation ajax: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952-1954 James C. Van Hook, Adam M. Howard, 2018 This volume complements Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952-1954, Volume X, Iran, 1951-1954, published in 1989, by providing documentation on the use of covert operations by the Truman and Eisenhower administrations--Publisher's description. |
| operation ajax: Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operations Glenn Peter Hastedt, 2010-12-09 A comprehensive two-volume overview and analysis of all facets of espionage in the American historical experience, focusing on key individuals and technologies. In two volumes, Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operation: An Encyclopedia of American Espionage ranges across history to provide a comprehensive, thoroughly up-to-date introduction to spying in the United States—why it is done, who does it (both for and against the United States), how it is done, and what its ultimate impact has been. The encyclopedia includes hundreds of entries in chronologically organized sections that cover espionage by and within the United States from colonial times to the 21st century. Entries cover key individuals, technologies, and events in the history of American espionage. Volume two offers overviews of important agencies in the American intelligence community and intelligence organizations in other nations (both allies and adversaries), plus details of spy trade techniques, and a concluding section on the portrayal of espionage in literature and film. The result is a cornerstone resource that moves beyond the Cold War-centric focus of other works on the subject to offer an authoritative contemporary look at American espionage efforts past and present. |
| operation ajax: A Raid Too Far James H. Willbanks, 2014-02-02 In February 1971, the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) launched an incursion into Laos in an attempt to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail and destroy North Vietnamese Army (NVA) base areas along the border. This movement would be the first real test of Vietnamization, Pres. Richard Nixon’s program to turn the fighting over to South Vietnamese forces as US combat troops were withdrawn. US ground forces would support the operation from within South Vietnam and would pave the way to the border for ARVN troops, and US air support would cover the South Vietnamese forces once they entered Laos, but the South Vietnamese forces would attack on the ground alone. The operation, dubbed Lam Son 719, went very well for the first few days, but as movement became bogged down the NVA rushed reinforcements to the battle and the ARVN forces found themselves under heavy attack. US airpower wreaked havoc on the North Vietnamese troops, but the South Vietnamese never regained momentum and ultimately began to withdraw back into their own country under heavy enemy pressure. In this first in-depth study of this operation, military historian and Vietnam veteran James H. Willbanks traces the details of battle, analyzes what went wrong, and suggests insights into the difficulties currently being incurred with the training of indigenous forces. |
| operation ajax: Operation Ajax Mike de Seve, 2020-08-18 Graphic true-life spy thriller about the CIA mission that overthrew Iran’s democracy The year is 1953. As the value of oil skyrockets, global power brokers begin to take interest in the political regimes of the Middle East. British agents have controlled Iranian oil exports for a generation, but the Shah’s hold on peace is shaky as a charismatic leader enters the scene. Mohammed Mossadegh’s calls to overthrow the elites resonates among the people, and as rumors circulate of an impending revolt, American, British and Persian agents hatch plans of overthrow. Deals are made behind closed doors. Every actor has a stake. Iran’s oil will flow, by any means necessary. Operation Ajax is the story of the CIA coup that removed the democratically elected Mossadegh and reinstated the monarchy. Introduced by New York Times–bestselling author of All the Shah’s Men, Stephen Kinzer, Operation Ajax is a thrilling tale of real-life intrigue. |
| operation ajax: Behind the 1953 Coup in Iran Ali Rahnema, 2014-11-24 This book reconstructs the events surrounding the Iranian coup d'état in 1953 that led to the overthrow of Mohammed Mosaddeq and his government. |
| operation ajax: Special Warfare , 2013 |
| operation ajax: Site Reliability Engineering Niall Richard Murphy, Betsy Beyer, Chris Jones, Jennifer Petoff, 2016-03-23 The overwhelming majority of a software systemâ??s lifespan is spent in use, not in design or implementation. So, why does conventional wisdom insist that software engineers focus primarily on the design and development of large-scale computing systems? In this collection of essays and articles, key members of Googleâ??s Site Reliability Team explain how and why their commitment to the entire lifecycle has enabled the company to successfully build, deploy, monitor, and maintain some of the largest software systems in the world. Youâ??ll learn the principles and practices that enable Google engineers to make systems more scalable, reliable, and efficientâ??lessons directly applicable to your organization. This book is divided into four sections: Introductionâ??Learn what site reliability engineering is and why it differs from conventional IT industry practices Principlesâ??Examine the patterns, behaviors, and areas of concern that influence the work of a site reliability engineer (SRE) Practicesâ??Understand the theory and practice of an SREâ??s day-to-day work: building and operating large distributed computing systems Managementâ??Explore Google's best practices for training, communication, and meetings that your organization can use |
| operation ajax: The International Legal Order: Current Needs and Possible Responses James Crawford, Abdul Koroma, Said Mahmoudi, Alain Pellet, 2017-04-03 This volume of essays addresses some of the most significant issues of contemporary international law. It particularly focuses on questions relating to international humanitarian law, the law of the sea, human rights, the use of force, international environmental law, and the settlement of international disputes. Recent developments in some other issues of international law such as State immunity and State responsibility are also dealt with. The Work contains a number of articles in French and is offered as a tribute to the prominent Iranian Professor of International Law, Djamchid Momtaz, on the occasion of his 75th birthday. |
| operation ajax: Manifest Insanity Diogenes of Mayberry, 2019-08-14 Manifest Insanity is an irreverent social commentary that traces the history of Judeo-Christian doctrines and how they have evolved over the centuries, impudently contradicting the perception that these established beliefs were original to their traditions, and specifically challenging the evangelical Christian concept of literal inerrancy. The historical information is presented in an informal, but polemical, conversation between teachers and students in a Christian high school as they move from class to class throughout the day. The narrative exposes some of the historical misunderstandings and outright doctrinal forgeries that the Religious Right trumpets in their attempts to force their morality on mainstream society. Woven into the story is a satirical re-imagining of Dr. Strangelove, as modern-day liberal secularism—replacing the Soviet paranoia of the Cold War era—fuels the right-wing hype of a godless society on the road to hell. The Four Horsemen of New Atheism—Dawkins, Dennett, Harris and Hitchens—have demonstrated in this new era of confrontational tactics that no longer will secularists smile politely and remain respectfully silent of religious beliefs, but will stand up and challenge the irrationality of blind faith. Following their lead, Manifest Insanity is a scathing indictment of the Christian Right and their attempts to hijack school boards in order to indoctrinate children using the public school system. Manifest Insanity is a thoroughly researched, insightful, thought-provoking and comprehensive analysis of the religious history that shaped the political and social views of American evangelical Christians—yet, an entertaining, humorous and accessible read. |
| operation ajax: All the Shah's Men Stephen Kinzer, 2008 Brimming with insights into Middle Eastern history and American foreign policy, this book is an eye-opening look at an event whose unintended consequences--Islamic revolution and violent anti-Americanism--have shaped the modern world. |
| operation ajax: Controlling the Narrative Josh Luberisse, Controlling the Narrative: The Definitive Guide to Psychological Operations, Perception Management, and Information Warfare is an essential resource designed for military professionals, strategists, policymakers, and scholars engaged in the intricate fields of psychological warfare and strategic communications. This comprehensive guide delves into the multifaceted aspects of psychological operations (PSYOP), perception management and information warfare, exploring the theories, practices, and tools that shape today’s information battle-spaces. Structured to provide a deep understanding of the historical evolution, strategic considerations, and modern applications of PSYOP, this book equips readers with the knowledge necessary to effectively execute operations that influence perceptions, decisions, and behaviors on the global stage. It covers a broad spectrum of topics, from the basic concepts of propaganda and media manipulation to sophisticated strategies involving cyber warfare, artificial intelligence, and data analytics. Each chapter in this guide is meticulously crafted to offer detailed insights and practical advice, enriched with case studies that highlight both successful and cautionary tales from past and present operations. The book emphasizes the importance of adhering to ethical and legal standards, providing readers with a clear framework for conducting operations that respect human rights and international laws. Controlling the Narrative also addresses the strategic imperatives for military and governmental organizations, including the need for ongoing adaptation to emerging technologies and the shifting geopolitical landscape. With its rigorous analysis and comprehensive coverage, the guide serves as an indispensable resource for those tasked with safeguarding national security and advancing military objectives through the strategic use of psychological and influence operations. This book is not only a manual but also a call to action, urging enhanced inter-agency collaboration, investment in research and development, and the cultivation of public-private partnerships to maintain a competitive edge in the evolving arena of global information warfare. It aims to inspire a new generation of strategic thinkers who are prepared to leverage the power of information in the pursuit of security, peace, and stability. |
| operation ajax: The End of the British Empire in the Middle East, 1952—1971 Wm. Roger Louis, 2025-02-20 The quarter century after the end of the Second World War and the transfer of power in India in 1947 marked the slow and turbulent dissolution of the British Empire in the Middle East. Seeking to capture the period in its full complexity and contradictions, acclaimed historian Wm. Roger Louis here provides a through-going account of the British Empire's gradual decline. Unpicking the overlapping motivations of those across Britian, the US, and the Middle East, the book demonstrates how and why enthusiasm for the British involvement in the region waned, the chaotic ways in which the withdrawal unfolded, and the importance of these events for understanding the region today. The book explores the period in full detail: from the overthrow of the Musaddiq government in Iran, the Egyptian Revolution, Sudan's independence, and the events of the pivotal year of 1955 that set the stage for the Suez crisis the following year; through the pivotal Suez crisis of 1956 itself; to the crises of 1957, the Iraqi Revolution of 1958, and the 1967 Arab-Israeli war; and concluding with the collapse of the British position in Aden and the decision to withdraw from the Gulf, a process completed by the end of 1971. This panoramic and comprehensive history draws on six decades' work in archives across Europe, the Middle East, and the US - including those from governmental archives and private papers and in multiple languages - complemented by a considerable body of oral history testimony, much of it acquired by the author through conversations with contemporary British politicians and officials. In so doing, the book sheds new light onto the nature and complexity of the British Empire in its final days - and the importance of understanding this history today. |
| operation ajax: Bibliography of Intelligence Literature Walter Lionel Pforzheimer, 1985 |
| operation ajax: Bibliography of Intelligence Literature , 1981 |
| operation ajax: Drawing the Past, Volume 2 Dorian L. Alexander, Michael Goodrum, Philip Smith, 2022-01-04 Contributions by Dorian L. Alexander, Chris Bishop, David Budgen, Lewis Call, Lillian Céspedes González, Dominic Davies, Sean Eedy, Adam Fotos, Michael Goodrum, Simon Gough, David Hitchcock, Robert Hutton, Iain A. MacInnes, Małgorzata Olsza, Philip Smith, Edward Still, and Jing Zhang In Drawing the Past, Volume 2: Comics and the Historical Imagination in the World, contributors seek to examine the many ways in which history worldwide has been explored and (re)represented through comics and how history is a complex construction of imagination, reality, and manipulation. Through a close analysis of such works as V for Vendetta, Maus, and Persepolis, this volume contends that comics are a form of mediation between sources (both primary and secondary) and the reader. Historical comics are not drawn from memory but offer a nonliteral interpretation of an object (re)constructed in the creator’s mind. Indeed, when it comes to history, stretching the limits of the imagination only serves to aid in our understanding of the past and, through that understanding, shape ourselves and our futures. This volume, the second in a two-volume series, is divided into three sections: History and Form, Historical Trauma, and Mythic Histories. The first section considers the relationship between history and the comic book form. The second section engages academic scholarship on comics that has recurring interest in the representation of war and trauma. The final section looks at mythic histories that consciously play with events that did not occur but nonetheless inflect our understanding of history. Contributors to the volume also explore questions of diversity and relationality, addressing differences between nations and the cultural, historical, and economic threads that bind them together, however loosely, and however much those bonds might chafe. Together, both volumes bring together a range of different approaches to diverse material and feature remarkable scholars from all over the world. |
| operation ajax: Dean Acheson Douglas Brinkley, 1992-01-01 Acheson was President Harry Truman's secretary of state, the American father of NATO and active in US foreign policy after World War II. He was also a Democratic Party activist in Eisenhower's presidency and an advisor in the Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon eras. This charts his post-secretarial career. |
| operation ajax: Defense's Nuclear Agency 1947-1997 (DTRA History Series) Defense Threat Reduction Agency, 2003-09 This official history was originally printed in very small numbers in 2002. Defense's Nuclear Agency, 1947-1997 traces the development of the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project (AFSWP), and its descendant government organizations, from its original founding in 1947 to 1997. After the disestablishment of the Manhattan Engineering District (MED) in 1947, AFSWP was formed to provide military training in nuclear weapons' operations. Over the years, its sequential descendant organizations have been the Defense Atomic Support Agency (DASA) from 1959 to 1971, the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) from 1971 to 1996, and the Defense Special Weapons Agency (DSWA) from 1996 to 1998. In 1998, DSWA, the On-Site Inspection Agency, the Defense Technology Security Administration, and selected elements of the Office of Secretary of Defense were combined to form the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). |
| operation ajax: Beyond Hell and Back Dwight Jon Zimmerman, John D. Gresham, 2013-12-03 An inside look at seven of the most harrowing and significant Special Operations missions ever. Courage beyond reason. Loyalty beyond faith. Perseverance in the face of overwhelming adversity. These are just some of the qualities of the members of the U.S. Special Operation Forces. BEYOND HELL AND BACK details the seven defining Special Ops missions that have made the Special Operation Forces the best fighting unit in the world, including: *THE RESCUE OF BAT-21: The largest and longest Combat Search and Rescue mission in the Vietnam War lasted 17 days and cost the lives of 13 Americans—all to rescue one man and the invaluable knowledge he alone possessed. * TASK FORCE NORMANDY: Planned in secrecy and executed with flawless efficiency, Task Force Normandy was an Army/Air Force Special Operations joint op that fired the opening shots behind enemy lines in Operation Desert Storm. *OPERATION EAGLE CLAW: The devastating Special Forces operation mounted to retrieve 52 American hostages in Iran resulted in the deaths of eight members of the rescue team. This failure ultimately led to the creation of Special Operations Command. *BASHER 52: Captain Scott O'Grady was shot down over the no fly zone above Bosnia, and his daring rescue was one of the Marine Corps' finest operations ever. These are a few of the dramatic true tales that represent the defining moments that helped shape the operational methods, planning, and deployment for all future Special Ops missions. BEYOND HELL AND BACK is the greatest collection of Spec Ops missions ever assembled. |
| operation ajax: The Withered Vine Charles R. Shrader, 1999-12-30 An explanation of the failure of the Communist insurgency in Greece between 1945 and 1949, this study provides a striking lesson in what happens to an armed revolutionary movement when it lacks adequate manpower and logistical resources, and is divided against itself on such basic matters as foreign policy and the employment of its military capabilities. During the period of 1945-1949, the Greek Communist Party was split into competing factions, each with its own idea of which course the rebellion should take. The Stalinist faction, led by Secretary-General Nikos Zachariades, was pitted against the more pragmatic nationalist wing led by the commander of the Greek Democratic Army, Markos Vafiades. Shrader provides a detailed examination of the logistical aspects of the war, particularly the impact of political decisions and the aid provided to the Greek Communists by outside supporters on logistics and operations. At each successive stage of the conflict, Zachariades outmaneuvered his rivals and imposed policies that both reduced the resources available to the Communist-led insurgents and sought to turn an effective guerrilla force into a conventional army employing conventional operational methods. The decisions taken by the Greek Communist Party under Zachariades' leadership alienated both the domestic supporters of the Communist rebellion and its key external supporters, such as Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia. Ultimately, the conventionally organized Greek Democratic Army proved unable to sustain itself logistically, and it was defeated in August 1949 by the constantly improving Greek National forces aided by the United States. |
1953 Iranian coup d'état - Wikipedia
Led by the Iranian army and supported by the United States and the United Kingdom, the coup aimed at strengthening the autocratic rule of the shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1953 coup in Iran | Coup D’etat, Description & Facts | Britannica
The United States took the leading role in a covert operation, called Operation Ajax, whereby CIA-funded agents were used to foment unrest inside Iran by way of the harassment of religious …
CIA Confirms Role in 1953 Iran Coup - George Washington …
Aug 19, 2013 · They provide new specifics as well as insights into the intelligence agency's actions before and after the operation. This map shows the disposition of bands of "ruffians," …
64 Years Later, CIA Finally Releases Details of Iranian Coup
Jun 20, 2017 · Known as Operation Ajax, the CIA plot was ultimately about oil. Western firms had for decades controlled the region’s oil wealth, whether Arabian-American Oil Company in …
Aug. 19, 1953: Operation Ajax - Priya Satia | Department of History
Jun 25, 2020 · So, in August 1953, in “ Operation Ajax,” two intelligence agencies, MI6 and the CIA, overthrew the popular, democratically elected Persian government. The Shah became a …
What Was Operation Ajax? (with picture) - Historical Index
May 23, 2024 · In August of 1953, the United States’ Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) executed a coup against Mohammad Mossadegh’s democratic government in Iran. The CIA code name …
'Coup 53' Review: Documentary Reveals The 1953 Campaign To Oust ... - NPR
Aug 18, 2020 · Co-directed by Taghi Amirani and renowned film editor Walter Murch, Coup 53 tells the story of Operation Ajax, in which Britain's MI6 and the American CIA engineered the …
Operation Ajax - Lapham’s Quarterly
Nov 26, 2018 · When students stormed the U.S. embassy in 1979 during the aftermath of the Islamic Revolution, they claimed to be doing so because the CIA had overthrown popular …
Operation Ajax: A Case Study on Analyst-Policy Maker …
This monograph analyzes Operation Ajax as a historical case study of the inherent challenges of estimative intelligence and analyst -policymaker tensions. In 1953, the Central Intelligence …
Operation Ajax (1953) - The Latin Library
Operation Ajax (1953) (officially TP-AJAX) was an covert operation by the United States CIA in collaborating with the Pahlavi dynasty, to overthrow the elected government of Iran and Prime …
1953 Iranian coup d'état - Wikipedia
Led by the Iranian army and supported by the United States and the United Kingdom, the coup aimed at strengthening the autocratic rule of the shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1953 coup in Iran | Coup D’etat, Description & Facts | Britannica
The United States took the leading role in a covert operation, called Operation Ajax, whereby CIA-funded agents were used to foment unrest inside Iran by way of the harassment of religious …
CIA Confirms Role in 1953 Iran Coup - George Washington …
Aug 19, 2013 · They provide new specifics as well as insights into the intelligence agency's actions before and after the operation. This map shows the disposition of bands of "ruffians," …
64 Years Later, CIA Finally Releases Details of Iranian Coup
Jun 20, 2017 · Known as Operation Ajax, the CIA plot was ultimately about oil. Western firms had for decades controlled the region’s oil wealth, whether Arabian-American Oil Company in …
Aug. 19, 1953: Operation Ajax - Priya Satia | Department of History
Jun 25, 2020 · So, in August 1953, in “ Operation Ajax,” two intelligence agencies, MI6 and the CIA, overthrew the popular, democratically elected Persian government. The Shah became a …
What Was Operation Ajax? (with picture) - Historical Index
May 23, 2024 · In August of 1953, the United States’ Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) executed a coup against Mohammad Mossadegh’s democratic government in Iran. The CIA code name …
'Coup 53' Review: Documentary Reveals The 1953 Campaign To Oust ... - NPR
Aug 18, 2020 · Co-directed by Taghi Amirani and renowned film editor Walter Murch, Coup 53 tells the story of Operation Ajax, in which Britain's MI6 and the American CIA engineered the …
Operation Ajax - Lapham’s Quarterly
Nov 26, 2018 · When students stormed the U.S. embassy in 1979 during the aftermath of the Islamic Revolution, they claimed to be doing so because the CIA had overthrown popular …
Operation Ajax: A Case Study on Analyst-Policy Maker …
This monograph analyzes Operation Ajax as a historical case study of the inherent challenges of estimative intelligence and analyst -policymaker tensions. In 1953, the Central Intelligence …
Operation Ajax (1953) - The Latin Library
Operation Ajax (1953) (officially TP-AJAX) was an covert operation by the United States CIA in collaborating with the Pahlavi dynasty, to overthrow the elected government of Iran and Prime …
