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| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity Walter Bauer, 1979 |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity Walter Bauer, 1971 |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Orthodoxy and Heresy in Early Christian Contexts Paul A Hartog, 2015-08-27 Eighty years ago, Walter Bauer promulgated a bold and provocative thesis about early Christianity. He argued that many forms of Christianity started the race, but one competitor pushed aside the others, until this powerful 'orthodox' version won theday. The victors rewrote history, marginalizing all other perspectives and silencing their voices, even though the alternatives possessed equal right to the title of normative Christianity. Bauer's influence still casts a long shadow on early Christian scholarship. Were heretical movements the original forms of Christianity? Did the heretics outnumber the orthodox? Did orthodox heresiologists accurately portray their opponents? And more fundamentally, how can one make any objective distinction between 'heresy' and 'orthodoxy'? Is such labeling merely the product of socially situated power? Did numerous, valid forms of Christianity exist without any validating norms of Christianity? This collection of essays, each written by a relevant authority, tackles such questions with scholarly acumen and careful attention to historical, cultural-geographical, and socio-rhetorical detail. Although recognizing the importance of Bauer's critical insights, innovative methodologies, and fruitful suggestions, the contributors expose numerous claims of the Bauer thesis (in both original and recent manifestations) that fall short of the historical evidence. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Heresy of Orthodoxy Andreas J. Köstenberger, Michael J. Kruger, 2010 This polemic against the Bauer-Ehrman Thesis examines modern New Testament criticism against orthodoxy in early Christianity. Throughout, vigilance is shown toward the modern adherence to postmodern ideals of diversity. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Rise of Normative Christianity Arland J. Hultgren, 2004-07-05 More than fifty years ago, Walter Bauer's 'Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity' undercut the traditional views on the making of orthodox Christianity by arguing that in several geographic areas, heresy preceded orthodoxy. Subsequently, the ancient documents discovered at Nag Hammadi proved that early Christianity was tremendously diverse. These influences have given rise to the notion that the various gnostic interpretations are mere alternatives to more traditional interpretations of Jesus and his significance. Using a focused but broad definition of normative Christianity, Hultgren contends that such a tradition originated at the very beginnings of the Christian movements, developed, and came to dominate as the most adequate expression of Jesus' legacy. Normative Christianity - a stream as wide as the New Testament canon - forged a coherence between confession of faith and community ethos that could endure and was the basis for later orthodoxy. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Marriage, Celibacy, and Heresy in Ancient Christianity David G. Hunter, 2007-01-26 Marriage, Celibacy, and Heresy in Ancient Christianity is the first major study in English of the 'heretic' Jovinian and the Jovinianist controversy. David G. Hunter examines early Christian views on marriage and celibacy in the first three centuries and the development of an anti-heretical tradition. He provides a thorough analysis of the responses of Jovinian's main opponents, including Pope Siricius, Ambrose, Jerome, Pelagius, and Augustine. In the course of his discussion Hunter sheds new light on the origins of Christian asceticism, the rise of clerical celibacy, the development of Marian doctrine, and the formation of 'orthodoxy' and 'heresy' in early Christianity. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church Mark J. Edwards, 2009 While it has often been recognised that the development of Christian orthodoxy was stimulated by the speculations of those who are now called heretics, it is still widely assumed that their contribution was merely catalytic, that they called forth the exposition of what the main church already believed but had not yet been required to formulate.This book maintains that scholars have underrated the constructive role of these heretical speculations in the evolution of dogma, showing that salient elements in the doctrines of the fall, the Trinity and the union of God and man in Christ derive from teachings that were initially rejected by the main church. Mark Edwards also reveals how authors who epitomised orthodoxy in their own day sometimes favoured teachings which were later considered heterodox, and that their doctrines underwent radical revision before they became a fixed element of orthodoxy.The first half of the volume discusses the role of Gnostic theologians in the formation of catholic thought; the second half will offer an unfashionable view of the controversies which gave rise to the councils of Nicaea, Ephesus and Chalcedon . Many of the theories advanced here have not been broached elsewhere, and no synthesis on this scale had been attempted by other scholars. While this book proposes a revision in the scholarly perception of early Christendom, it also demonstrates the essential unity of the tradition. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Heretics Gerd Ludemann, 1996-01-01 According to the commonly held view, early Christianity was a time of great harmony, and heresy emerged only at a later stage. To the contrary, Gerd Ludemann argues that the time from the first Christian communities to the end of the second century was defined by struggle by various groups for doctrinal authority. Drawing on a wealth of data, he asserts that the losers in this struggle actually represented Christianity in its more authentic, original form. Orthodoxy has been defined by the victors in this struggle and it is they who subsequently silenced alternative views and labeled them heretical. Ludemann's findings are important as well as liberating for the understanding of both Christianity and the Bible. Readers will gain a new understanding of Jesus and the early church from this compelling and controversial book. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Heresy, Culture, and Religion in Early Modern Italy Ronald K. Delph, Michelle M. Fontaine, John Jeffries Martin, 2006-09-01 Leading scholars from Italy and the United States offer a fresh and nuanced image of the religious reform movements on the Italian peninsula in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. United in their conviction that religious ideas can only be fully understood in relation to the particular social, cultural, and political contexts in which they develop, these scholars explore a wide range of protagonists from popes, bishops, and inquisitors to humanists and merchants, to artists, jewelers, and nuns. What emerges is a story of negotiations, mediations, compromises, and of shifting boundaries between heresy and orthodoxy. This book is essential reading for all students of the history of Christianity in early modern Europe. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Orthodoxy & Heresy Robert M. Bowman, 1992 How do we distinguish between truth and error? Which differences in belief should be tolerated? A leading researcher, Bowman shows how and where Christians must take a stand and calls for reasoned evaluation in love. Includes appendixes, a glossary of frequently misused words, and lists of other resources. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Constantine and the Council of Nicaea David E. Henderson, Frank Kirkpatrick, 2016-10-25 Constantine and the Council of Nicaea plunges students into the theological debates confronting early Christian church leaders. Emperor Constantine has sanctioned Christianity as a legitimate religion within the Roman Empire but discovers that Christians do not agree on fundamental aspects of their beliefs. Some have resorted to violence, battling over which group has the correct theology. Constantine has invited all of the bishops of the church to attend a great church council to be held in Nicaea, hoping to settle these problems and others. The first order of business is to agree on a core theology of the church to which Christians must subscribe if they are to hold to the true faith. Some will attempt to use the creed to exclude their enemies from the church. If they succeed, Constantine may fail to achieve his goal of unity in both empire and church. The outcome of this conference will shape the future of Christianity for millennia. Free supplementary materials for this textbook are available at the Reacting to the Past website. Visit https://reacting.barnard.edu/instructor-resources, click on the RTTP Game Library link, and create a free account to download what is available. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Heresy Alister E. McGrath, 2009-10-14 A study of the history of heresy and rival forms of Christianity, arguing that the church must continue to defend what is true about Jesus. Our ongoing fascination with alternative Christianities is on display every time a never-before-seen gospel text is revealed, an archaeological discovery about Jesus makes front-page news, or anew work of fiction challenges the very foundations of the church. Now, in a timely corrective to this trend, renowned church historian Alister McGrath examines the history of subversive ideas, overturning common misconceptions that heresy is somehow more spiritual or liberating than traditional dogma. In so doing, he presents a powerful, compassionate orthodoxy that will equip the church to meet the challenge from renewed forms of heresy today. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Gospels and Acts Michael Wilkins, Craig A. Evans, Darrell L. Bock, Andreas J. Köstenberger, 2013-10-01 The most comprehensive volume ever produced in defense of the Gospels and Acts The four Gospels and the book of Acts tell stories of Jesus’ life and the birth of Christianity. Are these stories true history or just religious fiction? Christians accept the stories as true and say that the entire Bible is a reliable communication inspired by God. Against this, non-Christians have argued that the Bible is a book of legends, myths, and historical inaccuracies—just another example of human religious endeavor. In this volume, four world-class New Testament scholars address challenges to the reliability of the Gospels and Acts. In order to identify the most important challenges, the authors drew from the literature of skeptics and New Testament critics, plus they included questions that many Christians ask as well. The result is the most comprehensive defense of the Gospels and Acts that has ever been published. The primary purpose of the Holman Apologetics Commentary on the Bible is to equip readers to defend the reliability of Scripture and the historic evangelical understanding of its teachings. It is designed for use by general readers, though scholars will find it a probing and welcome resource as well. A secondary purpose is to encourage awareness and discussion of Bible difficulties that are not commonly mentioned from the pulpit or even the seminary lectern. This is not a verse-by-verse commentary. The authors were provided an index that identified verses known to be relevant to the topics of apologetics and biblical reliability. They restricted their comments to these verses, plus any others that they recognized as germane to the aims of this project. Typically, each commentary note begins by stating the challenge or challenges regarding the text at hand. We attempt to state the case in all its potency, as a critic would state it. This approach takes seriously the critical viewpoint and helps ensure that the reader feels the full weight of the challenge. The contributors take each challenge seriously and seek to describe viable solutions that support faith and align with a high view of Scripture. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Know the Creeds and Councils Justin S. Holcomb, 2014-04-29 In every generation, the Christian church must interpret and restate its bedrock beliefs, answering the challenges and concerns of the day. This accessible overview walks readers through centuries of creeds, councils, catechisms, and confessions—not with a dry focus on dates and places, but with an emphasis on the living tradition of Christian belief and why it matters for our lives today. As a part of the KNOW series, Know the Creeds and Councils is designed for personal study or classroom use, but also for small groups and Sunday schools wanting to more deeply understand the foundations of the faith. Each chapter covers a key statement of faith and includes a discussion of its historical context, a simple explanation of the statement’s content and key points, reflections on contemporary and ongoing relevance, and discussion questions. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Know the Heretics Justin S. Holcomb, 2014-04-29 Know the Heretics provides an accessible travel guide to the most significant heresies throughout Christian history. There is a lot of talk about heresy these days. The frequency and volume of accusations suggest that some Christians have lost a sense of the gravity of the word, while others have little familiarity with orthodox doctrine or the historic distortions of it. This book has everything you need for a full video study experience. The book itself, covering 12 different heresies, along with reflections on contemporary relevance and discussion questions. An individual access code to stream all video teaching sessions online for a deeper learning experience. (You don’t need to buy a DVD!) As a part of the KNOW series, this book is designed for personal study or classroom use, but also for small groups and Sunday schools wanting to more deeply understand the foundations of the faith. Sessions and video run times: 1 - Introduction: Why Heresy? (7 min) 2 - Judaizers: The Old Rules Still Apply (25 min) 3 - Gnostics: God Hides Messages for the Enlightened (18 min) 4 - Marcion: Vengeful Yahweh versus Gentle Jesus (20 min) 5 - Docetists: The Spiritual Is Good, the Physical Is Evil (14 min) 6 - Mani: God Must Be Freed (16 min) 7 - Sabellius: One Actor and Three Hats (18 min) 8 - Arius: Jesus Is a Lesser God (16 min) 9 - Apollinarius: Christ May Be Human, but His Mind Is Divine (11 min) 10 - Pelagius: God Has Already Given Us the Tools (16 min) 11 - Eutyches: Christ as a New Kind of Being (13 min) 12 - Nestorius: Christ's Divinity Must Be Shielded (16 min) 13 - Socinus: The Trinity Is Irrelevant and Jesus's Death Is Only an Example (18 min) 14 - Conclusion (7 min) Streaming video access code included. Access code subject to expiration after January 14, 2030. Code may be redeemed only by the recipient of this package. Code may not be transferred or sold separately from this package. Internet connection required. Void where prohibited, taxed, or restricted by law. Additional offer details inside. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Early Christian Traditions Rebecca Lyman, 1999-01-25 In this sixth volume of The New Church's Teaching Series, Rebecca Lyman introduces us to the world of the early church. Beginning with the Jewish, Greek, and Roman cultures in which the first followers of Jesus lived and worshiped, she traces the growth of the Christian church's theology, worship, leadership, and ethics through its first six centuries, ending with Augustine of Hippo. Early Christian Traditions offers perceptive insights into the early church's intense conflicts that reveal the often thin line between orthodoxy and heresy, between true and false teachers, and among the many competing versions of Christianity. Lyman describes the early church's “family quarrels”—Gnosticism, Donatism, Arianism—as well as the theological, political, and linguistic issues that went into the making of the great creeds and established the apostolic tradition. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Bauer Thesis Examined Thomas Arthur Robinson, Thomas A. Robinson, 1988 This study challenges the adequacy of the reconstruction of primitive Christianity advanced by Walter Bauer in Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity - the theory that so-called heretical movements were early, widespread, and strong. The author does this by citing the lack of data extensive enough to warrant such conclusions. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Construction of Orthodoxy and Heresy Associate Research Fellow Health Economics Research Unit John B Henderson, John B. Henderson, 1998-01-01 Presents the first systematic and cross-cultural examination of ideas of orthodoxy and heresy in a group of major religious traditions. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Unity and Diversity in the New Testament James D. G. Dunn, 1977 Unity and Diversity in the New Testament is a classic investigation into the canon of the New Testament, and Christianity's origins. It looks in detail at what were the various emphases in the gospel proclaimed by Jesus, Luke, Paul and John. It also examines primitive Christianity's preaching and teaching, confessional formulae, oral traditions, organisation and worship, concepts of ministry and community, and ritual acts. In the second half of the book, the author maps out the scope of the diversity he found in the first half's investigation. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Contesting Orthodoxy in Medieval and Early Modern Europe Louise Nyholm Kallestrup, Raisa Maria Toivo, 2017-02-04 This book breaks with three common scholarly barriers of periodization, discipline and geography in its exploration of the related themes of heresy, magic and witchcraft. It sets aside constructed chronological boundaries, and in doing so aims to achieve a clearer picture of what ‘went before’, as well as what ‘came after’. Thus the volume demonstrates continuity as well as change in the concepts and understandings of magic, heresy and witchcraft. In addition, the geographical pattern of similarities and diversities suggests a comparative approach, transcending confessional as well as national borders. Throughout the medieval and early modern period, the orthodoxy of the Christian Church was continuously contested. The challenge of heterodoxy, especially as expressed in various kinds of heresy, magic and witchcraft, was constantly present during the period 1200-1650. Neither contesters nor followers of orthodoxy were homogeneous groups or fractions. They themselves and their ideas changed from one century to the next, from region to region, even from city to city, but within a common framework of interpretation. This collection of essays focuses on this complex. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Other Gospels , 2013-11-20 Bart Ehrman--the New York Times bestselling author of Misquoting Jesus and a recognized authority on the early Christian Church--and Zlatko Plese--a foremost authority on Christian Gnosticism--here offer a valuable compilation of over 40 ancient gospel texts and textual fragments that do not appear in the New Testament. This comprehensive collection contains Gospels describing Jesus's infancy, ministry, Passion, and resurrection, and includes the controversial manuscript discoveries of modern times, such as the Gospel of Thomas and the most recent Gospel to be discovered, the Gospel of Judas Iscariot. Each translation begins with a thoughtful examination of important historical, literary, and textual issues in order to place the Gospel in its proper context. This volume is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in early Christianity and the deeper meanings of these apocryphal Gospels. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Gospel according to Heretics David E. Wilhite, 2015-10-20 Since what Christian doctrine denies can be as important as what it affirms, it is important to understand teachings about Jesus that the early church rejected. Historians now acknowledge that proponents of alternative teachings were not so much malicious malcontents as they were misguided or even misunderstood. Here a recognized expert in early Christian theology teaches orthodox Christology by explaining the false starts (heresies), making the history of theology relevant for today's church. This engaging introduction to the christological heresies is suitable for beginning students. In addition, pastors and laypeople will find it useful for apologetic purposes. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Will the Real Heretics Please Stand Up David W. Bercot, 1989 |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: God's Library Brent Nongbri, 2018-08-21 A provocative book from a highly original scholar, challenging much of what we know about early Christian manuscripts In this bold and groundbreaking book, Brent Nongbri provides an up-to-date introduction to the major collections of early Christian manuscripts and demonstrates that much of what we thought we knew about these books and fragments is mistaken. While biblical scholars have expended much effort in their study of the texts contained within our earliest Christian manuscripts, there has been a surprising lack of interest in thinking about these books as material objects with individual, unique histories. We have too often ignored the ways that the antiquities market obscures our knowledge of the origins of these manuscripts. Through painstaking archival research and detailed studies of our most important collections of early Christian manuscripts, Nongbri vividly shows how the earliest Christian books are more than just carriers of texts or samples of handwriting. They are three-dimensional archaeological artifacts with fascinating stories to tell, if we’re willing to listen. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Cold-case Christianity J. Warner Wallace, 2013 Do you believe about the claims of Christianity but aren't sure you believe in them? J. Warner Wallace knows what that's like. For the first thirty-five years of his life, he was a devout atheist. But when he decided to apply his skills as a detective to the claims of the New Testament he came to a startling realization: the case for Christianity was as convincing as any case he'd ever worked as a detective. A unique apologetic, Cold-Case Christianity will give you new confidence in Christ and a renewed passion for articulating the case for Christianity. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: After Jesus Before Christianity Erin Vearncombe, Brandon Scott, Hal Taussig, The Westar Institute, 2024-11-12 From the creative minds of the scholarly group behind the groundbreaking Jesus Seminar comes this provocative and eye-opening look at the roots of Christianity that offers a thoughtful reconsideration of the first two centuries of the Jesus movement, transforming our understanding of the religion and its early dissemination. Christianity has endured for more than two millennia and is practiced by billions worldwide today. Yet that longevity has created difficulties for scholars tracing the religion's roots, distorting much of the historical investigation into the first two centuries of the Jesus movement. But what if Christianity died in the fourth or fifth centuries after it began? How would that change how historians see and understand its first two hundred years? Considering these questions, three Bible scholars from the Westar Institute summarize the work of the Christianity Seminar and its efforts to offer a new way of thinking about Christianity and its roots. Synthesizing the institute's most recent scholarship--bringing together the many archaeological and textual discoveries over the last twenty years--they have found: There were multiple Jesus movements, not a singular one, before the fourth century There was nothing called Christianity until the third century There was much more flexibility and diversity within Jesus's movement before it became centralized in Rome, not only regarding the Bible and religious doctrine, but also understandings of gender, sexuality and morality. Exciting and revolutionary, After Jesus Before Christianity provides fresh insights into the real history behind how the Jesus movement became Christianity. After Jesus Before Christianity includes more than a dozen black-and-white images throughout. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Pattern of Christian Truth H. E. W. Turner, 2004-10-29 Walter Bauer's 'Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity' created a stir with its argument that the teachings later condemned as heresy, in the later second century onward, were, in fact, dominant in the earliest decades of the church. This full-scale response by H. E. W. Turner has not enjoyed the attention it deserves. Turner's volume represents a learned and sophisticated restatement of the traditional view: what became official orthodoxy was taught early on by the majority of church teachers, albeit not in fully developed form. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy Andrew Stephen Damick, 2017 This new edition of the bestselling Orthodoxy & Heterodoxy is fully revised and significantly expanded. Major new features include a full chapter on Pentecostalism and the Charismatic movements, an expanded epilogue, and a new appendix (How and Why I Became an Orthodox Christian). More detail and more religions and movements have been included, and the book is now addressed broadly to both Orthodox and non-Orthodox, making it even more sharable than before. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: What is Gnosticism? Karen L. King, 2003 A study of gnosticism examines the various ways early Christians strove to define themselves in a pluralistic Roman society, while questioning the traditional ideas of heresy and orthodoxy that have previously influenced historians. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Hebrews For You Michael J. Kruger, 2021-03-01 Applied expository guide to Hebrews—a book that shows us how and why Jesus is better than anything else. We are all tempted to drift away from Jesus, but in the book of Hebrews God gives us an anchor: a detailed understanding of how and why Jesus is better than anything else. Seminary professor Michael J. Kruger unpacks this rich book verse by verse. He explains the Old Testament background, gives plenty of application for our lives today, and shows us how Jesus is the fulfilment of all God's work on earth. He encourages us to live by faith in Jesus—the only anchor for our souls. This expository guide can be read as a book; used as a devotional; and utilized in teaching and preaching. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: The Earliest Christologies James L. Papandrea, 2016-03-24 In this clear and concise introduction to second-century christologies, James Papandrea sets out five of the principal images of Christ that dominated the postapostolic age. Between varieties of adoptionism and brands of gnosticism, Papandrea helps us see how Logos Christology was forged as the beginning of the church's orthodox confession. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Heresies Harold O. J. Brown, 1984 Utilizing the Apostles', Nicene, Athanasian, and Chalcedonian Creed--the author assesses the orthodoxy and heresy of diverse movements and peoples from the origins of Christianity to the present |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Did Jesus Exist? G. A. Wells, 1987-02 Professor Wells argues that there was no historical Jesus, and in thus arguing he deals with the many recent writers who have interpreted the historical Jesus as some kind of political figure in the struggle against Rome, and calls in evidence the many contemporary theologians who agree with some of his arguments about early Christianity. The question at issue is what all the evidence adds up to. Does it establish that Jesus did or did not exist? Professor Wells concludes that the latter is the more likely hypothesis. This challenge to received thinking by both Christians and non-Christians is supported by much documentary evidence, and Professor Wells carefully examines all the relevant problems and answers all the relevant questions. He deliberately avoids polemic and speculation, and sticks so far as possible to the known facts and to rational inferences from the facts. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Invention, Rewriting, Usurpation Jörg Ulrich, Anders-Christian Jacobsen, 2012 This volume assembles written versions of lectures presented and discussed at the conference «Invention, Rewriting, Usurpation - Discursive Fights Over Religious Traditions In Antiquity» held at Aarhus and Ebeltoft in Denmark in the spring of 2010. Most of the religious texts studied in the contributions were drawn from Early Judaism and Early Christianity. The interest in these was on the one hand elucidating different aspects of the role they played in the formation and transformation of the religions, and on the other hand investigating the role these same texts played in cooperation and conflict between these two religions. The topics of the essays focus on four particular themes, namely Reuse, Rewriting and Usurpation of Biblical and Classical Texts, Invention and Maintenance of Religious Traditions, Orthodoxy and Heresy, and Formation of the Biblical Canon. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Christian Theology and Its Institutions in the Early Roman Empire Christoph Markschies, 2015 Investigates the history of early Christian theology and the relationship between Christian theology and Christian institutions. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Arius Rowan Williams, 2002-01-24 Arius is widely considered to be Rowan Williams's magnum opus. Long out of print and never before available in paperback, it has been newly revised. This expanded and updated edition marks a major publishing event. Arianism has been called the archetypal Christian heresy because it denies the divinity of Christ. In his masterly examination of Arianism, Rowan Williams argues that Arius himself was actually a dedicated theological conservative whose concern was to defend the free and personal character of the Christian God. His heresy grew out of an attempt to unite traditional biblical language with radical philosophical ideas and techniques and was, from the start, involved with issues of authority in the church. Thus, the crisis of the early fourth century was not only about the doctrine of God but also about the relations between emperors, bishops, and charismatic teachers in the church's decision-making. In the course of his discussion, Williams raises the vital wider questions of how heresy is defined and how certain kinds of traditionalism transform themselves into heresy. Augmented with a new appendix in which Williams interacts with significant scholarship since 1987, this book provides fascinating reading for anyone interested in church history and the development of Christian doctrine. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Forged Bart D. Ehrman, 2011-03-22 Bart D. Ehrman, the New York Times bestselling author of Jesus, Interrupted and God’s Problem reveals which books in the Bible’s New Testament were not passed down by Jesus’s disciples, but were instead forged by other hands—and why this centuries-hidden scandal is far more significant than many scholars are willing to admit. A controversial work of historical reporting in the tradition of Elaine Pagels, Marcus Borg, and John Dominic Crossan, Ehrman’s Forged delivers a stunning explication of one of the most substantial—yet least discussed—problems confronting the world of biblical scholarship. |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Early Christian Heresies Joan O'Grady, 1995-05-01 |
| orthodoxy and heresy in earliest christianity: Christianity at the Crossroads Michael J. Kruger, 2017-07-20 It is the second century. Everyone who knew Jesus is now dead. Christianity has begun to spread, but there are serious threats to its survival. Christianity at the Crossroads examines the crucial issues that faced the second-century Church – a period often neglected or overlooked in other studies. It was during this period that the fledgling Church struggled to work out its identity and stay true to the vision of Christ and the apostles. Threatened by divisive controversies from within and fierce persecution from without, the Church’s response to these and other issues not only determined its survival; it was to shape the beliefs, values and lives of millions of Christians throughout the world over the next two millennia. ‘In this well-written study, Michael J. Kruger makes accessible the overlooked, yet fascinating, world of second-century Christians. He not only introduces readers to the key texts, figures and modern scholars in the discussion, but also the social circumstances in which second-century Christians made their distinct identity claims. Kruger treats complex topics, such as the relationship between Judaism and Christianity, pagan criticisms of Christians or the textual culture of early Christians, with nuance. Christianity at the Crossroads is a fantastic introduction to second-century Christianity.’ Chris Keith, Professor of New Testament and Early Christianity, St Mary’s University, London |
Orthodoxy - Wikipedia
Orthodoxy (from Ancient Greek ὀρθοδοξία (orthodoxía) ' righteous/correct opinion ') [1] [2] is adherence to a purported "correct" or otherwise mainstream- or classically-accepted creed, …
What Is the Orthodox Church? History and Beliefs of Orthodoxy
Apr 11, 2023 · Orthodoxy is belief or adherence to traditional or affirmed creeds, notably in religion. In the Christian sense, the term means "conforming to the Christian faith as represented in the …
Eastern Orthodoxy | Definition, Origin, History, & Facts | Britannica
May 23, 2025 · Eastern Orthodoxy, one of the three major doctrinal and jurisdictional groups of Christianity. It is characterized by its continuity with the apostolic church, its liturgy, and its …
ORTHODOXY Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of ORTHODOXY is the quality or state of being orthodox. How to use orthodoxy in a sentence.
What is orthodoxy? How can we tell if a teaching is orthodox?
Jan 14, 2025 · Orthodox beliefs are established, biblical beliefs that all Christians should agree on. While there is a wide range of legitimate views on many topics, rejection of orthodox beliefs …
The Orthodox Faith - Orthodox Church in America
Written by Fr. Thomas Hopko, the series 'The Orthodox Faith' provides comprehensive information on the faith and the life of the Orthodox Church in an accessible format. A book to assist clergy …
What is Orthodox Christianity?
Orthodoxy is a timeless, universal and saving way of life. Orthodox Christianity is a dynamic, divine program for the healing of the soul, given by God and bringing mankind and all the cosmos into …
Introduction to Orthodox Christianity - OrthodoxWiki
Oct 2, 2016 · Orthodox Christianity is the life in faith of the Orthodox Church, inseparable from that concrete, historic community and encompassing its entire way of life.
ORTHODOXY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ORTHODOXY definition: 1. the generally accepted beliefs of society at a particular time: 2. the traditional beliefs of a…. Learn more.
What Is Orthodoxy? Understanding Orthodox Interpretation of …
Jul 9, 2024 · What is orthodoxy? Explore how they study scripture, their unique Christian perspectives, and why believers may call it the Ark of Salvation.
Orthodoxy - Wikipedia
Orthodoxy (from Ancient Greek ὀρθοδοξία (orthodoxía) ' righteous/correct opinion ') [1] [2] is adherence to a purported "correct" or otherwise mainstream- or classically-accepted creed, …
What Is the Orthodox Church? History and Beliefs of Orthodoxy
Apr 11, 2023 · Orthodoxy is belief or adherence to traditional or affirmed creeds, notably in religion. In the Christian sense, the term means "conforming to the Christian faith as …
Eastern Orthodoxy | Definition, Origin, History, & Facts | Britannica
May 23, 2025 · Eastern Orthodoxy, one of the three major doctrinal and jurisdictional groups of Christianity. It is characterized by its continuity with the apostolic church, its liturgy, and its …
ORTHODOXY Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of ORTHODOXY is the quality or state of being orthodox. How to use orthodoxy in a sentence.
What is orthodoxy? How can we tell if a teaching is orthodox?
Jan 14, 2025 · Orthodox beliefs are established, biblical beliefs that all Christians should agree on. While there is a wide range of legitimate views on many topics, rejection of orthodox …
The Orthodox Faith - Orthodox Church in America
Written by Fr. Thomas Hopko, the series 'The Orthodox Faith' provides comprehensive information on the faith and the life of the Orthodox Church in an accessible format. A book to …
What is Orthodox Christianity?
Orthodoxy is a timeless, universal and saving way of life. Orthodox Christianity is a dynamic, divine program for the healing of the soul, given by God and bringing mankind and all the …
Introduction to Orthodox Christianity - OrthodoxWiki
Oct 2, 2016 · Orthodox Christianity is the life in faith of the Orthodox Church, inseparable from that concrete, historic community and encompassing its entire way of life.
ORTHODOXY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ORTHODOXY definition: 1. the generally accepted beliefs of society at a particular time: 2. the traditional beliefs of a…. Learn more.
What Is Orthodoxy? Understanding Orthodox Interpretation of …
Jul 9, 2024 · What is orthodoxy? Explore how they study scripture, their unique Christian perspectives, and why believers may call it the Ark of Salvation.
