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| operation gibraltar 1965: History Under Your Feet Ratnakar Sadasyula, 2015-08-15 Are you aware that there is a Great Wall of India built by Rana Kumbha at the Fort of Kumbalgarh?Or that Rash Behari Bose was the first to introduce Indian curry into Japan?Or of the Naval Ratings Mutiny that rocked the British empire?India is a nation where history literally lies under your feet, where every rock, nook and corner, has a story to tale.History Under Your Feet aims to look at the history behind some places and persons in India. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: 1965 War, the Inside Story R. D. Pradhan, 2007 1965 War Was The First All-Out Clash Between The Two Nations India And Pakistan, After The Partition In 1947.Y.B. Chavan, India S Former Defence Minister, Recorded In His Own Hand The 22-Day War. The Inside Story Reveals: Utter Failure Of Intelligence On Timing Of Pak Attack. How And Why Chavan Ordered Iaf To Launch Attack Without Even Informing The Pm. Why India Attacked Across The International Border? Reasons As Per Chavan Recording, If We Fail And I Cannot Even Imagine Of It The Nation Fails . How A Division Commander Bolted From The Theatre Of Operation. How The Army Commander Sacrificed Over 300 Men For The Greater Glory Of His Regiment . Why The Indian Army Did Not March Into Lahore. Occasions When The Army Chief Almost Lost His Nerve. How The Defence Minister, The Army And Air Chiefs Worked As Team. How Pm Kept His Cool And Emerged As A Great Leader In War. Was It A Futile War? Did India Lose In Tashkent What Was Won On Battle-Fields. Finally, How The Political Leadership Re-Established Its Proper Relationship With The Defence Forces Leadership And Wiped Out Bitter Memories Of The 1962 India-China War.The Book Is A Tribute To The Iaf That Was Deployed In War For The First Time After The Independence. Also To India S Armoured Regiments That Fought Valiantly And Destroyed Myth Of Superiority Of The Pattons. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: From Kutch to Tashkent Farooq Naseem Bajwa, 2014 |
| operation gibraltar 1965: 1965 Shiv Kunal Verma, 2021 In 1965, while India was still licking its wounds from the disastrous war against the Chinese in 1962, the belligerent Pakistanis decided to wrest Kashmir from India. To test the waters, they launched their first military probes into the Rann of Kutch between February and May; India responded. By the end of July, India gave in to the dictates of the UN and stood down the troops it had mobilized in the Punjab and Kargil sectors in response to the Rann of Kutch skirmishes. Pakistan then launched i |
| operation gibraltar 1965: 1965 Turning the Tide Nitin A Gokhale, 2016-06-15 Fifty years in a nation's life is a small period of time. However, it is quite likely that collective memory will have faded about several events...and so it is with the 1965 war that India was dragged into by Pakistan's chronic insecurities and territorial ambitions. This time in the form of a forcible attempt to annex Kashmir. Today, the details of the war that came between the tragedy of 1962 and the triumph of 1971 are hazy in the memory of the country. But it is a story that needs to be retold. Caught by surprise at the Pakistani offensive, India, then struggling as a nation, responded with extraordinary zeal and turned the tide in a war Pakistan thought it would win because of its superior weapons and tactics. But as the outcome of the 1965 war tells us, Pakistan not only failed to achieve any of its strategic objectives but had to suffer a massive setback, thanks to a combination of resolute political leadership, the brave Indian soldiers and determined citizens. This then is the account of the war that India has largely forgotten. In this meticulously researched and fast paced book, journalist and national security analyst Nitin A. Gokhale, has produced a formidable and comprehensive evaluation of the events and aftermath of the ferocious Indo-Pak war of 1965. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Fighting to the End C. Christine Fair, 2014 Pakistan's army has dominated the state for most of its 66 years. It has locked the country in an enduring rivalry with India to revise the maps in Kashmir and to resist India's slow but inevitable rise. To prosecute these dangerous policies, the army employs non-state actors under the security of its ever-expanding nuclear umbrella. The Pakistan army started three wars with India over Kashmir in 1947, 1965, and 1999 and failed to win any of them. It has sustained a proxy war in Kashmir since 1989 using Islamist militants, some of whom have now turned their guns against the Pakistani state. The Pakistan army has supported non-Islamist insurgencies throughout India as well as a country-wide Islamist terror campaign that have brought the two countries to the brink of war on several occasions. Despite Pakistan's efforts to coerce India, it has only achieved modest successes. Even though India vivisected Pakistan in 1971, Pakistan continues to see itself as India's equal and demands the world do the same. The tools that the army prefers to use, non-state actors under a nuclear umbrella, has brought international opprobrium upon the country and the army. In recent years, erstwhile proxies have turned their gun on the Pakistani state itself and its peoples. Why does the army persist in pursuing these revisionist policies that have come to imperil the very viability of the state itself, from which the army feeds? This volume argues that the answer lies, at least partially, in the strategic culture of the army. From the army's distorted view of history, the army is victorious as long as can resist India's purported hegemony and the territorial status quo. To acquiesce is defeat. Because the army is unlikely to abandon these preferences, the world must prepare for an ever more dangerous future Pakistan. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: War Despatches: Indo–Pak Conflict 1965 Lt Gen Harbakhsh Singh, 1991 The conflict was short and limited, packed with intense activity, major movement, heavy fighting and crucial decisions. The initiative rested with Pakistan to commence hostilities, which they did with a mix of irregular and regular troops and tactics. This is a story of anticipation, of impending actions, of virtual equality of forces engaged in a savage battle of attrition in which no quarters were given or asked. The author, GOC-in-C Western Command during those fateful days provided an unflappable presence under whose command the Army imposed unacceptable levels of losses on the enemy, first toning down their rhetoric, then their confidence, and lastly their ability to sustain very high levels of material losses. There is very little material or records to draw upon for our military studies of warfare in and around the Indian subcontinent. War Despatches narrates for the first time the inside story through original despatches field by the Army Commander from the war zone. To maintain the authenticity of the Despatches, the military style of writing has been followed in the text as far as possible. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism Hassan Abbas, 2004-09 This book examines the rise of religious extremism in Pakistan and analyzes its connections to the Pakistan Army's policies and fluctuating U.S.-Pakistan relations. It includes profiles of leading Pakistani Jihadi groups with details of their origins, development, and capabilities based on interviews with Pakistani intelligence officials and militant leaders. The book contains new historical materials on Operation Gibraltar (the 1965 War with India), the conspiracy behind General Zia-ul-Haq's plane crash in 1988, a botched military coup by fundamentalists in 1993-4, and on how General Musharraf handled the volatile situation after the 9/11 attacks. In addition to a detailed profile of General Musharraf, the book evaluates India-Pakistan relations vis--vis the Kashmir conflict as well as Dr. A. Q. Khan's nuclear proliferation crisis, and also offers predictions for Pakistan's domestic and regional prospects. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965 P. V. S. Jagan Mohan, Samir Chopra, 2005 First In The Series Of Books Detailing Wartime Operations Of The Indian Air Force (Iaf) It Provides A History Of The Air Component Of A War Triggered By Pakistan`S Invasion Of Kashmir In 1965. Based On Interviews With Iaf War Veterans, Squadron Diaries And Never Before Published Photographs Including Gun Camera Photos, The Book Is Very Valuable In Understanding The Deployment Of Air-Power In The Twentieth Century. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Jihad as Grand Strategy Paul Kapur, 2016-10-06 Islamist militants based in Pakistan have played a major role in terrorism around the world and pose a significant threat to regional and international security. Although the Pakistan-militant connection has received widespread attention only in recent years, it is not a new phenomenon. Pakistan has, since its inception in the wake of World War II, used Islamist militants to wage jihad in order to compensate for severe political and material weakness. This use of militancy has become so important that it is now a central component of Pakistani grand strategy; supporting jihad is one of the principal means by which the Pakistani state seeks to produce security for itself. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the strategy has not been wholly disastrous. It has achieved important domestic and international successes, enabling Pakistan to confront stronger adversaries and shape its strategic environment without the costs and risks of direct combat, and to help promote internal cohesion to compensate for its weak domestic political foundations. Recently, however, these successes of Pakistan's militant strategy have given way to serious problems. The militant organizations that Pakistan nurtured over the decades are increasingly exceeding its control; continued support for jihad diverts scarce resources from pressing domestic projects, impeding the country's internal development; and the militant campaign's repeated provocations have led India to adopt a more aggressive conventional military posture. As Paul Kapur shows in Jihad as Grand Strategy, these developments significantly undermine Pakistani interests, threatening to leave it less politically cohesive and externally secure than it was before. Thus, despite its past benefits, the strategy has outlived its utility, and Pakistan will have to abandon it in order to avoid catastrophe. This will require not simply a change of policy, but a thoroughgoing reconceptualization of the Pakistani state. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Ayub Khan Altaf Gauhar, 1996 As Information Secretary and the author of the phrase 'Decade of Reforms', Altaf Gauhar was privy to information and writes about Ayub's authoritarian system of government and his attempt to lead the young nation towards modernization. This is the first insider account of Ayub Khan's 10 year rule in Pakistan. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The Gallant Dogras Shankar Prasad, 2005 |
| operation gibraltar 1965: China’s War on Smuggling Philip Thai, 2018-06-12 Smuggling along the Chinese coast has been a thorn in the side of many regimes. From opium and weapons concealed aboard foreign steamships in the Qing dynasty to nylon stockings and wristwatches trafficked in the People’s Republic, contests between state and smuggler have exerted a surprising but crucial influence on the political economy of modern China. Seeking to consolidate domestic authority and confront foreign challenges, states introduced tighter regulations, higher taxes, and harsher enforcement. These interventions sparked widespread defiance, triggering further coercive measures. Smuggling simultaneously threatened the state’s power while inviting repression that strengthened its authority. Philip Thai chronicles the vicissitudes of smuggling in modern China—its practice, suppression, and significance—to demonstrate the intimate link between illicit coastal trade and the amplification of state power. China’s War on Smuggling shows that the fight against smuggling was not a simple law enforcement problem but rather an impetus to centralize authority and expand economic controls. The smuggling epidemic gave Chinese states pretext to define legal and illegal behavior, and the resulting constraints on consumption and movement remade everyday life for individuals, merchants, and communities. Drawing from varied sources such as legal cases, customs records, and popular press reports and including diverse perspectives from political leaders, frontline enforcers, organized traffickers, and petty runners, Thai uncovers how different regimes policed maritime trade and the unintended consequences their campaigns unleashed. China’s War on Smuggling traces how defiance and repression redefined state power, offering new insights into modern Chinese social, legal, and economic history. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Rethinking the National Security of Pakistan Ahmad Faruqui, 2019-06-14 This title was first published in 2002. Policy-makers in South Asia, the Middle East and the Asian Pacific, decision-makers in the OECD countries, organizations and specialists in academe, will all find this publication indispensable. It presents an integrated model of national security that emphasizes military and non-military determinants. In the light of this model, it analyzes Pakistan’s defence policies over the last half-century and proposes a radical reform of Pakistan’s military organization. In addition to offering a comprehensive look at national security, this book provides coherent, interrelated analysis of the key issues such as political leadership, social and economic development and foreign policy. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Operation Grand Slam Agha Amin, 2015-07-11 Deciphering a calumny ridden most strategic operation of 1965 war.When I published this book hostile book reviews were financed through third parties running down this book .Comically my maps are best existing maps on Grand Slam but the paid mercenary reviewers criticised my maps !Nonsense Pakistani Myths advanced when I commenced writing this accountThat Operation Gibraltar was a total flop.That Major general Akhtar hussain Malik was drunk , which is why Pakistan lost in grand Slam.The view was advanced by Pakistani fifth columnists ! |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Kashmir at the Crossroads Sumantra Bose, 2021-01-01 An authoritative, fresh, and vividly written account of the Kashmir conflict--from 1947 to the present The India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir is one of the world's incendiary conflicts. Since 1990, at least 60,000 people have been killed--insurgents, civilians, and military and police personnel. In 2019, the conflict entered a dangerous new phase. India's Hindu nationalist government, under Narendra Modi, repealed Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir's autonomous status and divided it into two territories subject to New Delhi's direct rule. The drastic move was accompanied by mass arrests and lengthy suspension of mobile and internet services. In this definitive account, Sumantra Bose examines the conflict in Kashmir from its origins to the present volatile juncture. He explores the global context of the current situation, including China's growing role, as well as the human tragedy of the people caught in the bitter dispute. Drawing on three decades of field experience in Kashmir, Bose asks whether a compromise settlement is still possible given the ascendancy of Hindu nationalism in India and the complex geopolitical context. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The Exiled Pandits of Kashmir Bill K. Koul, 2020-09-10 This book discusses all the questions related to Kashmiri Pandits and their relation and current issues regarding their return to Kashmir. The book explores the importance of return of Kashmiri Pandits for Kashmir and both major Kashmiri communities, especially those who really want to return home, out of their own volition and for all right reasons. The book shows how to bring about a reasonable and realistic degree of practical and sustainable reconciliation between the two communities, whilst trying to make them stand in each other’s shoes, understand each other’s perspective and pain and then self-introspect sincerely, so that a bridge of mutual trust and acceptance is rebuilt between the two communities, which can then allow those Pandits who genuinely want to return cross over and be home. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: India-Pakistan in War and Peace J. N. Dixit, 2003-09-02 Comprehensive account of India's relations with the outside world. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Major Defence Operations Ranbir Singh Gp Capt, 2005-01-01 MAJOR DEFENCE OPERATIONS: A Glimpse into India's Major Military Endeavors by RANBIR SINGH GP CAPT is a compelling exploration of India's significant military campaigns, offering deep insights into strategic battles, tactical maneuvers, and the resilience of the armed forces. ***** twelve meticulously crafted chapters, GP Capt Ranbir Singh provides a comprehensive historical analysis of India's military evolution. From the wars with Pakistan to the integration of princely states like Hyderabad, Junagarh, and Goa, each operation is examined with a critical eye. The book also dissects the lessons from the Sino-Indian War and Operation Pawan in Sri Lanka, emphasizing the strategic missteps and triumphs that shaped India's defense policies. ***** than just a historical account, ***** DEFENCE OPERATIONS offers a rare glimpse into the bravery and dedication of Indian soldiers. The book captures the intensity of battlefield decisions, the heroism of the armed forces, and the complex geopolitical landscape that influenced these operations. Written in an engaging and accessible style, it brings military history to life for both defense enthusiasts and the general reader. ***** its rich blend of firsthand insights, strategic assessments, and an unwavering tribute to India's armed forces, ***** DEFENCE OPERATIONS stands as an essential read for anyone interested in military history and national security. ***** A riveting account of India's major military operations! GP Capt Ranbir Singh combines historical depth with engaging storytelling, making this a must-read for anyone passionate about defense and strategy. ***** An insightful and well-researched book that highlights the key lessons from India's military campaigns. Some chapters could have gone deeper into decision-making at the highest levels, but overall, an excellent read. ***** The author presents a balanced perspective on India's military history, acknowledging both victories and setbacks. The book's structured approach makes it accessible to both military professionals and civilians. ***** A detailed overview of India's military operations, but at times, it felt a bit too technical for general readers. Still, a valuable resource for those interested in defense studies. ***** Informative and thought-provoking, but I wished for more personal accounts from soldiers on the ground. Nonetheless, a great book for understanding India's defense strategies. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: "The Russell's Airborne Fraternity 3rd Battalion Lieutenant Colonel RP Singh , 2023-05-12 3rd Battalion, The Parachute Regiment (Special Forces) was raised in March 1813 at Chudderghat ( now Chaderghat) on the banks of the Musi river in Hyderabad under the auspices of Henry Russell as 1stBattalion, The Russell’s Brigade. After having undergone eight name changes since it’s raising it assumed its present name in April 2004. Ever since its raising, it has covered itself with glory, first as part of the Hyderabad Contingent of the State Forces of the Nizam of Hyderabad, then as part of the forces of the Madras Presidency Army of the East India Company, the Indian Army under the British and finally after Independence, as part of the Indian Army of free India. During its history of over two hundred years, the Battalion has a proud record of having acquitted itself with distinction both at home and abroad in various theatres of operations. Prior to Independence in 1947 individuals of the Battalion had earned 157 awards for Gallantry and Distinguished Service and post-Independence till date 392. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: U.S. Marines In Vietnam: The Landing And The Buildup, 1965 Dr. Jack Shulimson, Maj. Charles M. Johnson, 2016-08-09 This is the second volume in a series of chronological histories prepared by the Marine Corps History and Museums Division to cover the entire span of Marine Corps involvement in the Vietnam War. This volume details the Marine activities during 1965, the year the war escalated and major American combat units were committed to the conflict. The narrative traces the landing of the nearly 5,000-man 9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade and its transformation into the ΙII Marine Amphibious Force, which by the end of the year contained over 38,000 Marines. During this period, the Marines established three enclaves in South Vietnam’s northernmost corps area, I Corps, and their mission expanded from defense of the Da Nang Airbase to a balanced strategy involving base defense, offensive operations, and pacification. This volume continues to treat the activities of Marine advisors to the South Vietnamese armed forces but in less detail than its predecessor volume, U.S. Marines in Vietnam, 1954-1964; The Advisory and Combat Assistance Era. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Fragile Frontiers Saroj Kumar Rath, 2015-06-03 Critical questions remain unanswered on the events of the cold-blooded and devastating terror attacks in Mumbai on 26 November 2008. Investigative and introspective, this book offers a lucid and graphic account of the ill-fated day and traces the changing dynamics of terror in South Asia. Using new insights, it explores South Asia’s regional dynamics of antagonism, the ever-present challenge to the frontiers of India, Pakistan and the terrorism question, the strife in Afghanistan and the self-serving selective US ‘war on terror’. This will be an engaging read for those interested in defence, security and strategic studies, politics, international relations, peace and conflict studies, and South Asian studies as well as the general reader. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The Kashmir Question Sumit Ganguly, 2004-03-01 India, which had been created as a civic polity, initially sought to hold on to this Muslim-majority state to demonstrate its secular credentials. Pakistan, in turn, had laid claim to Kashmir because it had been created as the homeland for the Muslims of South Asia. After the break-up of Pakistan in 1971 the Pakistani irredentist claim to Kashmir lost substantial ground. If Pakistan could not cohere on the basis of religion alone it had few moral claims on its co-religionists in Kashmir. Similarly, in the 1980s, as the practice of Indian secularism was eroded, India's claim to Kashmir on the grounds of secularism largely came apart. Today their respective claims to Kashmir are mostly on the basis of statecraft. This title provides a comprehensive assessment of a number of different facets of the on-going dispute over Kashmir between India and Pakistan. Among other matters, it examines the respective endgames of both states, the evolution of American policy toward the dispute, the dangers of nuclear esculation in the region and the state of the insurgency in the Indian-controlled portion of the disputed state. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: In Their Own Words C. Christine Fair, 2018-12-15 This path-breaking volume reveals a little-known aspect of how Lashkar-e-Tayyaba, a jihadist terrorist group, functions in Pakistan and beyond by translating and commenting upon a range of publications produced and disseminated by Dar-ul-Andlus, the publishing wing of LeT. Only a fraction of LeT's cadres ever see battle: most of them are despatched on nation-wide prozelytising (dawa) missions to convert Pakistanis to their particular interpretation of Islam, in support of which LeT has developed a sophisticated propagandist literature. This canon of Islamist texts is the most popular and potent weapon in LeT's arsenal, and its scrutiny affords insights into how and who the group recruits; LeT's justification for jihad; its vision of itself in global and regional politics; the enemies LeT identifies and the allies it cultivates; and how and where it conducts its operations. Particular attention is paid to the role that LeT assigns to women by examining those writings which heap extravagant praise upon the mothers of aspirant jihadis, who bless their operations and martyrdom. It is only by understanding LeT's domestic functions as set out in these texts that one can begin to appreciate why Pakistan so fiercely supports it, despite mounting international pressure to disband the group. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: IN-DIADEM WORLD Dr. GOPAL RAYAPPA KOLEKAR, 2022-10-25 |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The History of British Diplomacy in Pakistan Ian Talbot, 2020-12-28 This book is the first account of the British diplomatic mission in Pakistan from its foundation at the end of the Raj in 1947 to the ‘War on Terror’. Drawing on original documents and interviews with participants, this book highlights key events and personalities as well as the influence and perspectives of individual diplomats previously not explored. The book demonstrates that the period witnessed immense changes in Britain’s standing in the world and in the international history of South Asia to show that Britain maintained a diplomatic influence out of proportion to its economic and military strength. The author suggests that Britain’s impact stemmed from colonial-era ties of influence with bureaucrats, politicians and army heads which were sustained by the growth of a Pakistani Diaspora in Britain. Additionally, the book illustrates that America’s relationship with Pakistan was transactional as opposed to Britain’s, which was based on ties of sentiment as, from the mid-1950s, the United States was more able than Britain to give Pakistan the financial, military and diplomatic support it desired. A unique and timely analysis of the British diplomatic mission in Pakistan in the decades after independence, this book will be of interest to academics working in the fields of South Asian History and Politics, International Relations, British and American Diplomacy and Security Studies, Cold War Politics and History and Area Studies. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Battle Of Barki Brig Kanwaljit Singh (Retd), Kiran Nirvan, 2022 1965: Indian Army is preparing for a full-fledged war on its western border. After the Pakistan army’s infiltration into Jammu and Kashmir, Indian Army decides to threaten Lahore to divert Pakistani forces from J&K towards Lahore. The Pakistani town of Barki, only twenty odd kilometres from Lahore, acts as the strongest defensive position for the Pakistan army. Therefore, its capture, though almost impossible, is crucial. 4 SIKH, commanded by Lt Col Anant Singh, is assigned the task of capturing Barki. 4 SIKH faces fierce resistance from the entrenched enemy soldiers. As casualties rise and the unit gets pinned down by heavy enemy fire, all hopes of taking over the Barki police station now rest on young Lt Kanwaljit Singh. In the face of heavy odds, Lt Kanwaljit leads his brave men to victory in the iconic BATTLE OF BARKI. After six days of continuous battle, 4 SIKH is ordered to press forward towards Khemkaran, not knowing that they will be taken Prisoners of War. Witness the finest blend of human emotions and undaunted soldiering against heavy odds that leads a young officer to discover the true meaning of naam, namak and nishaan. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence Stability in South Asia Devin T. Hagerty, 2019-06-22 This book examines the theory and practice of nuclear deterrence between India and Pakistan, two highly antagonistic South Asian neighbors who recently moved into their third decade of overt nuclear weaponization. It assesses the stability of Indo-Pakistani nuclear deterrence and argues that, while deterrence dampens the likelihood of escalation to conventional—and possibly nuclear—war, the chronically embittered relations between New Delhi and Islamabad mean that deterrence failure resulting in major warfare cannot be ruled out. Through an empirical examination of the effects of nuclear weapons during five crises between India and Pakistan since 1998, as well as a discussion of the theoretical logic of Indo-Pakistani nuclear deterrence, the book offers suggestions for enhancing deterrence stability between these two countries. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Air Power in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Howard M. Hensel, 2020-06-04 This book examines the security dynamics of the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific, concentrating upon an analysis and evaluation of the air power capabilities of the various powers active in the two regions. The volume is designed to help improve understanding of the heritage and contemporary challenges confronting the global community in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific, as well as to illuminate the policies of the various powers involved in the affairs of these regions, and the military capabilities that are available in support of those policies. The 16 individual chapters examine both the traditional and the non-traditional threats that confront the various Indian Ocean and Western Pacific powers, and assess the roles played by land-based and naval, fixed-wing and rotary-wing, manned and unmanned aircraft, as well as by offensively and defensively capable ballistic and cruise missiles in addressing these challenges. In doing so, the various chapters analyze and evaluate the air power doctrine, capabilities, deployment patterns, and missions of the respective states. In addition, they assess the future issues, challenges, and responses involving air power as it, acting in concert with other military instruments, seeks to contribute to securing and promoting the interests of the state. This book will be of much interest to students of air power, strategic studies, Asian and Middle Eastern politics, and International Relations. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Low Intensity Conflicts in India Vivek Chadha, 2005-03-23 Low intensity conflicts (or LICs) are motivated and sustained by a strong ideology—be it economic, political, ethnic or psychological. Through a sustained process of attrition, these often protracted struggles are capable of bringing the state to its knees, besides draining the exchequer and resulting in the loss of many lives. This important book is the first comprehensive account of LICs in India from 1947 to the present. The conflicts covered in detail are: - Militancy in both Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir - The complex problems in the North-East - The agitation for Gorkhaland and Naxalite violence. Lt Col Vivek Chadha covers all facets of these LICs including their causes and origins, the factors that sustain them and the trajectory of each. He provides a comparative analysis of the causes of these conflicts and examines the state’s response in dealing with them. Insightful, objective and lucidly written, this book will attract a wide readership among army, paramilitary and police personnel as well as administrators, policy-makers and students of strategic studies. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: India’s Grand Strategy Kanti Bajpai, Saira Basit, V. Krishnappa, 2014-08-07 As India prepares to take its place in shaping the course of an ‘Asian century’, there are increasing debates about its ‘grand strategy’ and its role in a future world order. This timely and topical book presents a range of historical and contemporary interpretations and case studies on the theme. Drawing upon rich and diverse narratives that have informed India’s strategic discourse, security and foreign policy, it charts a new agenda for strategic thinking on postcolonial India from a non-Western perspective. Comprehensive and insightful, the work will prove indispensable to those in defence and strategic studies, foreign policy, political science, and modern Indian history. It will also interest policy-makers, think-tanks and diplomats. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Kargil War Bhaskar Sarkar, 1999 |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Hot Spot: Asia and Oceania Clinton Fernandes, 2008-06-30 The regions of Asia and Oceania, with their many diverse peoples, massive size, and vast cultural history, have birthed some of the most critical conflicts of the modern era. From border disputes to current nuclear threats to regions still shattered by the effects of past wars, this volatile region is a key player on the world stage of global conflict. This exciting volume provides up-to-the minute coverage of the most critical situations and explosive events in the region, including internal strife in Indonesia, insurgency in southern Thailand, nuclear issues in India and Pakistan, the Tibetan revolt, the Spratly Islands dispute, and terrorist organizations such as Abu Sayeff. The conflicts are explored against the backdrop of major conflicts like the Vietnam War, the Korean War, and the Cold War. Maps, a timeline, an index, and an annotated bibliography supplement the chapters for a greater understanding of the material. With ties to several curricular areas, including Asian studies, political science, global studies, military history, international relations, regional history and politics, this is an essential source for students of world history and global conflict. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Kashmir and Sindh Suranjan Das, 2001 A ground-breaking book on nation-building, ethnicity and regional politics in South Asia. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: JFK's Forgotten Crisis Bruce Riedel, 2015-10-27 Bruce Riedel provides new perspective and insights into Kennedy's forgotten crisis in the most dangerous days of the cold war. The Cuban Missile Crisis defined the presidency of John F. Kennedy. But during the same week that the world stood transfixed by the possibility of nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet Union, Kennedy was also consumed by a war that has escaped history's attention, yet still significantly reverberates today: the Sino-Indian conflict. As well-armed troops from the People's Republic of China surged into Indian-held territory in October 1962, Kennedy ordered an emergency airlift of supplies to the Indian army. He engaged in diplomatic talks that kept the neighboring Pakistanis out of the fighting. The conflict came to an end with a unilateral Chinese cease-fire, relieving Kennedy of a decision to intervene militarily in support of India. Bruce Riedel, a CIA and National Security Council veteran, provides the first full narrative of this crisis, which played out during the tense negotiations with Moscow over Cuba. He also describes another, nearly forgotten episode of U.S. espionage during the war between India and China: secret U.S. support of Tibetan opposition to Chinese occupation of Tibet. He details how the United States, beginning in 1957, trained and parachuted Tibetan guerrillas into Tibet to fight Chinese military forces. The United States did not abandon this covert support until relations were normalized with China in the 1970s. Riedel tells this story of war, diplomacy, and covert action with authority and perspective. He draws on newly declassified letters between Kennedy and Indian leader Jawaharlal Nehru, along with the diaries and memoirs of key players and other sources, to make this the definitive account of JFK's forgotten crisis. This is, Riedel writes, Kennedy's finest hour as you have never read it before. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Dangerous Deterrent S. Paul Kapur, 2009 |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Kashmir A K Ganguly, 2019-05-16 Kashmir has always been in the midst of geopolitical hullabaloo due to its pending UN Resolution and now the demand of 'Azadi' (Freedom) which became more pronounced after the inception of insurgency in the State in 1987-88. If we look into the issue, in reality, it is a bilateral issue between India and Pakistan, if the legality reason is applied then there is no doubt that India's stance is most legitimate. The people of Kashmir have invited the 'Jihad' into Indian Kashmir Region and declared 'Azadi' as a war of freedom through the Pakistan sponsored militancy and radicalisation of the society on communal lines by the militant organisations and separatists. In the present environment, the stakeholders are at a tangent and it is mainly because the main stakeholder, the people of Kashmir are uncertain and confused, the total population is not part of the 'Azadi' (freedom) thus there is vagueness and the vision of 'Azadi' (freedom) is very blurred. The other stakeholders are either taking advantage of the people's sentiments or going by their own agenda of self-interest or lack the will to take initiatives to resolve the Kashmir issue which meets their personal ends. In this book, the chapters are based on the stakeholders and their participation in the Kashmir embroil. The basic contents are based on the issues that have made Kashmir an affair of continued existence by various stakeholders, the creation of an environment of stalemate and prevailing status quo without any changes, none of the stakeholders are ready to budge or lose their turf. Written in a simple and lucid manner, the narratives made interesting with historical facts, quotations and factual as prevailing in Kashmir. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Pakistan's Drift into Extremism Hassan Abbas, 2015-03-26 This book examines the rise of religious extremism in Pakistan, particularly since 1947, and analyzes its connections to the Pakistani army's corporate interests and U.S.-Pakistan relations. It includes profiles of leading Pakistani militant groups with details of their origins, development, and capabilities. The author begins with an historical overview of the introduction of Islam to the Indian sub-continent in 712 AD, and brings the story up to the present by describing President Musharraf's handling of the war on terror. He provides a detailed account of the political developments in Pakistan since 1947 with a focus on the influence of religious and military forces. He also discusses regional politics, Pakistan's attempt to gain nuclear power status, and U.S.-Pakistan relations, and offers predictions for Pakistan's domestic and regional prospects. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: Sabres Over MiG Alley Kenneth P Werrell, 2013-06-11 This is the story of the first jet versus jet war, the largest in number of victories and losses, and one of the few military bright spots in the Korean War. It tells how an outnumbered force of F-86 Sabres limited by range and restricted by the rules of engagement, decisively defeated its foe. Based on the latest scholarship, author Kenneth Werrell uses previously untapped sources and interviews with sixty former F-86 pilots to explore new aspects of the subject and shed light on controversies previously neglected. For example, he found much greater violation of the Yalu River than thus far has appeared in the published materials. The F-86 became a legend in The Forgotten War because of its performance and beauty, but most of all, because of its record in combat. |
| operation gibraltar 1965: The Crisis in Kashmir Šumit Ganguly, 1997 Contents. |
OPERATION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of OPERATION is performance of a practical work or of something involving the practical application of principles or processes. How to use operation in a sentence.
OPERATION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
OPERATION definition: 1. the fact of operating or being active: 2. the way that parts of a machine or system work…. Learn more.
Operation - definition of operation by The Free Dictionary
The act or process of operating or functioning. 2. The state of being operative or functional: a factory in operation. 3. A process or series of acts involved in a particular form of work: the …
OPERATION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Operation definition: an act or instance, process, or manner of functioning or operating.. See examples of OPERATION used in a sentence.
Operation - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Operation can refer to medical surgery, a military campaign, or mathematical methods, such as multiplication and division. Operation comes from the Latin word opus (“work”) and can refer to …
operation - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 17, 2025 · operation (countable and uncountable, plural operations) (uncountable) The method by which a device performs its function. It is dangerous to look at the beam of a laser …
operation - definition and meaning - Wordnik
noun The act or process of operating or functioning. noun The state of being operative or functional. noun A process or series of acts involved in a particular form of work. noun An …
operation noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of operation noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Will I need to have an operation? He underwent a three-hour heart operation. operation to do something He had …
What does Operation mean? - Definitions.net
What does Operation mean? This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word Operation. The method by which a device …
operation, n. meanings, etymology and more - Oxford English …
What does the noun operation mean? There are 18 meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun operation , four of which are labelled obsolete. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and …
OPERATION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of OPERATION is performance of a practical work or of something involving the practical application of principles or processes. How to use operation in a sentence.
OPERATION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
OPERATION definition: 1. the fact of operating or being active: 2. the way that parts of a machine or system work…. Learn more.
Operation - definition of operation by The Free Dictionary
The act or process of operating or functioning. 2. The state of being operative or functional: a factory in operation. 3. A process or series of acts involved in a particular form of work: the …
OPERATION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Operation definition: an act or instance, process, or manner of functioning or operating.. See examples of OPERATION used in a sentence.
Operation - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Operation can refer to medical surgery, a military campaign, or mathematical methods, such as multiplication and division. Operation comes from the Latin word opus (“work”) and can refer to …
operation - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 17, 2025 · operation (countable and uncountable, plural operations) (uncountable) The method by which a device performs its function. It is dangerous to look at the beam of a laser …
operation - definition and meaning - Wordnik
noun The act or process of operating or functioning. noun The state of being operative or functional. noun A process or series of acts involved in a particular form of work. noun An …
operation noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of operation noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Will I need to have an operation? He underwent a three-hour heart operation. operation to do something He had …
What does Operation mean? - Definitions.net
What does Operation mean? This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word Operation. The method by which a device …
operation, n. meanings, etymology and more - Oxford English …
What does the noun operation mean? There are 18 meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun operation , four of which are labelled obsolete. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and …
