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| oie country reports: Country Reports on Economic Policy and Trade Practices , 2002 |
| oie country reports: Country Reports on Economic Policy and Trade Practices United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means, 2002 |
| oie country reports: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices , 1985 |
| oie country reports: Emerging Infectious Diseases , 2015-07 |
| oie country reports: Aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2018-11-19 The ecosystem approach to aquaculture provides the conceptual guideline to spatial planning and management. This publication describes the three major steps in spatial planning and management, namely, zoning, site selection and design of an aquaculture management area, or AMA. The rationale for and objectives of each step, the ways (methodologies) to implement it, and the means (tools) that are available to enable a methodology are described in a stepwise fashion. Recommendations to practitioner s and policy-makers are provided. A separate policy brief accompanies this paper. The benefits from spatial planning and management are numerous and include higher productivity and returns for investors, and more effective mitigation of environmental, economic and social risks, the details of which are provided in this paper. This publication is organized in two parts. Part one is the “Guidance”; it is the main body of the document and describes the processes and steps for spatial planning, incl uding aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management. Part two of the publication includes six annexes that present key topics, including: (i) binding and non-legally binding international instruments, which set the context for sustainable national aquaculture; (ii) biosecurity zoning; (iii) aquaculture certification and zonal management; (iv) an overview of key tools and models that can be used to facilitate and inform the spatial planning process; (v) case studies from ten countries – Brazil, Chile, China, Indonesia, Mexico, Oman, the Philippines, Turkey, Uganda and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; and (vi) a workshop report. The country case studies illustrate key aspects of the implementation of spatial planning and management at the national level, but mostly within local contexts. |
| oie country reports: Foot and Mouth Disease Francisco Sobrino, Esteban Domingo, 2019-04-30 The shock following the recent outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the UK dispelled the notion that this disease was permanently under control and could be forgotten. FMD proved to be an endemic disease in many countries and continues to pose a major threat to animal health worldwide. The development of more effective and socially acceptabl |
| oie country reports: Surveillance and Zoning for Aquatic Animal Diseases Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2004-01-01 This publication is based on the discussions and recommendations arising from an expert consultation, jointly organised by the FAO, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Canadian Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans, held in Rome in October 2002. It contains technical information on the design of scientifically valid zonation frameworks for disease control and surveillance, aimed at providing advice to countries building national or regional aquatic animal health management infrastructures. It includes a case study of the Atlantic Canadian oyster disease surveillance programme, which was implemented to deal with a disease outbreak which occurred at the same time as the expert meeting was being held. |
| oie country reports: Monitoring global progress on antimicrobial resistance: tripartite AMR country self-assessment survey (TrACSS) 2019–2020 World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , World Organisation for Animal Health, 2021-03-22 The global analysis report of the annual Tripartite AMR country self-assessment survey (TrACSS) is a component of a broader approach for monitoring and evaluating the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (GAP-AMR). This report summarizes global responses from the fourth round of the TrACSS, held from November 2019 to July 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the response rates for the 2019–2020 TrACSS around were 11.8% lower than the previous year. A total of 136 (70.1%) countries out of 194 WHO Member States responded to the 2019–2020 TrACSS, compared to 159 out of 194 (81.9%) in 2018–2019. |
| oie country reports: Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Muhammad Munir, 2014-12-02 This book offers a timely and comprehensive review of essential research on Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV), ranging from its historical distribution, molecular epidemiology, genome structure, viral proteins, immunity, viral pathogenesis, clinical and molecular diagnosis to advances in vaccine developments and future challenges. PPRV, a Rinderpest-like virus, is the causative agent of one of the most rapidly emerging viral diseases among domestic small ruminants, and the host spectrum has now been expanded to wild small ruminants and camels. With the global eradication of the first livestock disease, Rinderpest, attention is now turning to repeating the procedure for PPR. Each of the book’s 13 chapters is dedicated to a specific topic, providing up-to-date literature and discussions by renowned scientists who have made seminal contributions in their respective fields of expertise. Special emphasis has been placed on the analysis of different global efforts to eradicate PPR. This book offers a valuable reference source for virologists, field veterinarians, infection and molecular biologists, immunologists, scientists in related fields and veterinary school libraries. |
| oie country reports: Antimicrobial resistance and the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework World Health Organization, 2021-10-19 |
| oie country reports: Border Security: Stronger Actions Needed to Assess & Mitigate Risks of the Visa Waiver Program , |
| oie country reports: Dispute Settlement Reports 2015: Volume 5, Pages 2457–3114 World Trade Organization, 2016-12-08 The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practicing and academic trade lawyers and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 2015: Volume 5 reports on India - Measures Concerning the Importation of Certain Agricultural Products (WT/DS430). |
| oie country reports: Pathogens Crossing Borders Cornelia Knab, 2022-07-29 The increasing globalization of trade, travel and transport since the mid-19th century had unwelcome consequences – one of them was the spread of contagious animal diseases over greater distances in a shorter time than ever before. Borders and national control strategies proved to be insufficient to stop the pathogens. Not surprisingly, the issue of epizootics (epidemics of animals) was among the first topics to be addressed by international meetings from the 1860s onwards. Pathogens Crossing Borders explores the history of international efforts to contain and prevent the spread of animal diseases from the early 1860s to the years after the Second World War. As an innovative contribution to global history and the history of internationalism, the book investigates how disease experts, politicians and state authorities developed concepts, practices and institutional structures at the international level to tackle the spread of animal diseases across borders. By following their activities in dealing with a problem area which was – and is today – of enormous political, social, public health and economic relevance, the book reveals the historical challenges of finding common international responses to complex and pressing global issues for which there are no easy solutions. |
| oie country reports: Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals Stefan Schwarz, Lina Maria Cavaco, Jianzhong Shen, 2020-07-02 The global spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria is a continuing challenge to the health care of humans and domesticated animals. With no new agents on the horizon, it is imperative to use antimicrobial agents wisely to preserve their future efficacy. Led by Editors Stefan Schwarz, Lina Maria Cavaco, and Jianzhong Shen with Frank Møller Aarestrup, an international team of experts in antimicrobial resistance of livestock and companion animals has created this valuable reference for veterinary students and practitioners as well as researchers and decision makers interested in understanding and preventing antimicrobial resistance. |
| oie country reports: Bovine Tuberculosis Mark Chambers, Stephen Gordon, Francisco Olea-Popelka, Paul Barrow, 2018-04-13 This book is contemporary, topical and global in its approach, and provides an essential, comprehensive treatise on bovine tuberculosis and the bacterium that causes it, Mycobacterium bovis. Bovine tuberculosis remains a major cause of economic loss in cattle industries worldwide, exacerbated in some countries by the presence of a substantial wildlife reservoir. It is a major zoonosis, causing human infection through consumption of unpasteurised milk or by close contact with infected animals. Following a systematic approach, expert international authors cover epidemiology and the global situation; microbial virulence and pathogenesis; host responses to the pathogen; and diagnosis and control of the disease. Aimed at researchers and practising veterinarians, this book is essential for those needing comprehensive information on the pathogen and disease, and offers a summary of key information learned from human tuberculosis research. It will be useful to those studying the infection and for those responsible for controlling the disease. |
| oie country reports: Turkey in the European Union Alison Burrell, Arie Oskam, 2005-06-09 The European Union will begin accession negotiations with Turkey in October 2005. Agriculture, foodand rural issues will play a major role in the negotiations, raising questions about the consequences ofEU membership for Turkey's agricultural sector and rural population. This book presents acomprehensive description of Turkey's agricultural, food and rural sectors. Focusing on institutionalarrangements, performance and economic prospects. Topics dealt with include agricultural production,prices and policies, agricultural trade, environmental issues, animal and plant health, and conditions inrural areas. The book explores the possible consequences of accession, both for Turkey and for theEuropean Union. |
| oie country reports: WTO Dispute Settlement at Twenty Abhijit Das, James J. Nedumpara, 2016-04-08 This book focuses on India’s participation in the WTO dispute settlement system, at a time when India has emerged as one of the most successful and prominent users of WTO dispute settlement among the developing countries. It offers a unique collection of perspectives from insiders – legal practitioners, policymakers, industry representatives and academics – on India’s participation in the system since its creation in 1995. Presenting in-depth analyses of substantive issues, the book shares rare insights into the jurisprudential significance, political economy contexts and capacity-building challenges faced by India. It closely examines India’s approach in effectively participating in the WTO’s dispute settlement mechanism including the framing of litigation strategies, developing legal and stakeholder infrastructure, implementing dispute settlement decisions, and the impacts of the findings of the WTO panels / Appellate Body on domestic policymaking and India’s long-term trade interests. In addition to discussing the key “classic” jurisprudential issues, the book also explores domestic regulatory and policy issues, complemented by selected case studies. |
| oie country reports: Monitoring global progress on antimicrobial resistance , 2021-03-19 The Tripartite AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey (TrACSS) helps to monitor country progress on the implementation of AMR national actions plans and has been administered on an annual basis by the Tripartite organizations (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and World Health Organization (WHO)) since 2016. This report analyzes the global responses on the fourth round of TrACSS (2019-2020) and examines the global trends and actions towards addressing AMR in all sectors. Complete country and global responses to all rounds of the survey can be accessed through the TrACSS database: https://amrcountryprogress.org/. |
| oie country reports: The Art of the State II Thomas J. Courchene, Donald J. Savoie, Daniel Schwanen, 2008-03 |
| oie country reports: Country Report , 1999 |
| oie country reports: Dirofilariasis P. F. L. Boreham, 2018-01-18 Heartworm disease is probably the most well-known disease of dogs, and its epidemiology is being recorded in those countries in which the disease is routinely treated in the domestic dog. It is hoped that this text will be of benefit to us all and that our understanding of this disease will continue to grow and so enable us to resolve some of the exsiting problems associated with the treatment of this disease. To this end, the book aims to project some hypotheses in different areas that, while unproven, seem to be the most probable, based on our current knowledge. |
| oie country reports: Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Forum on Microbial Threats, 2010-03-10 Modern transportation allows people, animals, and plants-and the pathogens they carry-to travel more easily than ever before. The ease and speed of travel, tourism, and international trade connect once-remote areas with one another, eliminating many of the geographic and cultural barriers that once limited the spread of disease. Because of our global interconnectedness through transportation, tourism and trade, infectious diseases emerge more frequently; spread greater distances; pass more easily between humans and animals; and evolve into new and more virulent strains. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted the workshop Globalization, Movement of Pathogens (and Their Hosts) and the Revised International Health Regulations December 16-17, 2008 in order to explore issues related to infectious disease spread in a borderless world. Participants discussed the global emergence, establishment, and surveillance of infectious diseases; the complex relationship between travel, trade, tourism, and the spread of infectious diseases; national and international policies for mitigating disease movement locally and globally; and obstacles and opportunities for detecting and containing these potentially wide-reaching and devastating diseases. This document summarizes the workshop. |
| oie country reports: Foreign Animal Diseases Report , 1982 |
| oie country reports: Foreign Animal Disease Report , 1994 |
| oie country reports: United Arab Emirates Customs, Trade Regulations and Procedures Handbook IBP USA Staff, 2009-09-25 UAE Customs, Trade Regulations and Procedures Handbook |
| oie country reports: Diseases of Poultry Martine Boulianne, Catherine M. Logue, Larry R. McDougald, Venugopal Nair, David L. Suarez, 2019-11-19 Dieses Fachbuch ist das Referenzwerk, wenn es um Geflügelkrankheiten geht. Die 14. Auflagen wurde vollständig überarbeitet und aktualisiert und bietet nun einem umfassenden Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Wissenschaft. - Aktualisierte Auflage dieses maßgeblichen Referenzwerks zu Geflügelkrankheiten. - Bietet noch mehr klinisch relevante Informationen zum Management spezifischer Krankheiten. Die Beiträge stammen von erfahrenen Veterinärmedizinern. - Behandelt Themen wie Eindämmung von Krankheiten bei der biologischen und antibiotikafreien Geflügelzucht. - Die Kapitel sind noch prägnanter und damit ideal zum schnellen Nachschlagen. - Erläutert die Fortschritte in dem Fachgebiet, von neuen Diagnosewerkzeugen über Veränderungen als Folge der zunehmenden Globalisierung bis hin zum erneuten Auftreten von Zoonoseerregern. |
| oie country reports: Monitoring and evaluation of the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2018-09-19 This paper summarises the approach proposed for monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of both the implementation of the GAP and the resulting effects on AMR and on health. M&E is required at both national and global levels; for management, to identify and respond to barriers to progress, and to inform course correction, in order to increase impact and value for money. M&E is also needed for accountability, within countries and at regional and global levels. This includes reporting back to the global health community, including the governing bodies of WHO, FAO and OIE, and the Interagency Coordination Group on AMR that was established by the UN General Assembly. |
| oie country reports: Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Animals and Humans Charles O. Thoen, James H. Steele, Michael J. Gilsdorf, 2008-02-28 Written by tuberculosis specialists from around the world, Mycobacterium Bovis Infection in Animals and Humans, Second Edition remains the most comprehensive collection of timely information regarding Mycobacterium bovis in any single source. The chapters are organized for quick access to well-indexed topics, and extensive reference lists are included to aid infectious disease specialists, regulatory officials, diagnosticians, researchers or public health workers interested in M bovis. This international reference includes the most current information on mechanisms of virulence of tubercle bacilli and immunologic and biochemical responses of the host involved in resistance. The book includes information on the diagnosis and application of the latest molecular techniques in epidemiologic investigations. Included are chapters on the economic impact of outbreaks of M. bovis in alternate species on control programs in domestic animals. There are also contributions by representatives of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, PAHO of the World Health Organization, The Centers for Disease Control, and The University of Texas Health Center. This excellent reference is an invaluable aid to clinicians dealing directly with tuberculosis, as well as to government regulatory personnel, professional and graduate students, and instructors in basic and allied health sciences |
| oie country reports: Humans and Animals Julie Urbanik, Connie L. Johnston, 2017-01-26 An engaging and at times sobering look at the coexistence of humans and animals in the 21st century and how their sometimes disparate needs affect environments, politics, economies, and culture worldwide. There is an urgent need to understand human-animal interactions and relations as we become increasingly aware of our devastating impact on the natural resources needed for the survival of all animal species. This timely reference explores such topics as climate change and biodiversity, the impact of animal domestication and industrial farming on local and global ecosystems, and the impact of human consumption of wild species for food, entertainment, medicine, and social status. This volume also explores the role of pets in our lives, advocacy movements on behalf of animals, and the role of animals in art and media culture. Authors Julie Urbanik and Connie L. Johnston introduce the concept of animal geography, present different aspects of human-animal relationships worldwide, and highlight the importance of examining these interconnections. Alphabetical entries illustrate key relationships, concepts, practices, and animal species. The book concludes with a comprehensive appendix of select excerpts from key primary source documents relating to animals and a glossary. |
| oie country reports: The Animal Health Status of the Pacific Island Countries and Territories, 1994 Peter H. Saville, 1996 |
| oie country reports: Biological Engagement Programs: Reducing Threats and Strengthening Global Health Security Through Scientific Collaboration Jeanne M. Fair, Hillary H. Carter, Nathan Wolfe, 2017-09-13 Biological engagement programs are a set of projects or activities between partner countries that strengthen global health security to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes. Engagement programs are an effective way to work collaboratively towards a common threat reduction goal, usually with a strong focus on strengthening health systems and making the world a safer place. Cooperative programs are built upon trust and sharing of information and resources to increase the capacity and capabilities of partner countries. Biological engagement programs reduce the threat of infectious disease with a focus on pathogens of security concern, such as those pathogens identified by the U.S. Government as Biological Select Agent and Toxins. These programs seek to develop technical or scientific relationships between countries to combat infectious diseases both in humans and animals. Through laboratory biorisk management, diagnostics, pathogen detection, biosurveillance and countermeasure development for infectious diseases, deep relationships are fostered between countries. Biological engagement programs are designed to address dual-use issues in pathogen research by promoting responsible science methodologies and cultures. Scientific collaboration is a core mechanism for engagement programs are designed to strengthen global health security, including prevention of avoidable epidemics; detection of threats as early as possible; and rapid and effective outbreak response. This Research Topic discusses Biological Engagement Programs, highlighting the successes and challenges of these cooperative programs. Articles in this topic outlined established engagement programs as well as described what has been learned from historical cooperative engagement programs not focused on infectious diseases. Articles in this topic highlighted selected research, trainings, and programs in Biological Engagement Programs from around the world. This Topic eBook first delves into Policies and Lessons Learned; then describes Initiatives in Biosafety & Biosecurity; the core of this work documents Cooperative Research Results from the field; then lastly the Topic lays out potential Future Directions to the continued success of the World’s cooperative science in reducing the threat of infectious diseases. |
| oie country reports: Proceedings of the 3rd ISESSAH Conference 2019 Bouda Vosough Ahmadi, Jonathan Rushton, Henk Hogeveen, Didier Raboisson, Dustin L. Pendell, 2021-12-03 |
| oie country reports: GLOBAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY – Volume V P.Bilgin, P.D. Williams, M. Sekiguchi, J. K. Galbraith, S. T. Inayatullah, J. Wiener, R. A. Schrire, I.L. Murphy, 2010-09-19 Global Security and International Political Economy is a component of Encyclopedia of Social Sciences and Humanities in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This 6-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, issues of great relevance to our world such as: Global Security; Global Security and the International System; The Regional Dimension of Global Security; The National Dimension Of Global Security; The Societal Dimension Of Global Security; The Human Security Agenda In World Politics; History Of Empires And Conflicts; The Myth Of The Clash Of Civilizations In Dialogical-Historical Context; Causes And Prevention Of Armed Conflict; International Development Policies And Global Security; Environment And Global Security; Political Economy Of International Security; Political Issues In Human Resource Development; Globalization And The Consumer Society. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs. |
| oie country reports: The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling, 2007-01-01 Sustainable management of the world's livestock genetic diversity is of vital importance to agriculture, food production, rural development and the environment. This publication is the first global assessment of these resources. Drawing on 169 Country Reports, contributions from a number of international organizations and 12 specially commissioned thematic studies, it presents an analysis of the state of agricultural biodiversity in the livestock sector - origins and development, uses and values, distribution and exchange, risk status and threats - and of capacity to manage these resources - institutions, policies and legal frameworks, structured breeding activities and conservation programs. Needs and challenges are assessed in the context of the forces driving change in livestock production systems. Tools and methods to enhance the use and development of animal genetic resources are explored in sections on the state of the art in characterization, genetic improvement, economic evaluation and conservation. As well providing a technical reference document, the country-based preparation of The State of the World has led to a process of policy development and a Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources, which once adopted, will provide an agenda for action by the international community.--Publisher's description. |
| oie country reports: Food Security in a Global Economy Gary Smith, Alan M. Kelly, 2008-10-23 At the end of the nineteenth century, the health and productivity of the livestock and poultry industries and the safety of foods of animal origin in the United States were severely compromised by infectious diseases. Bovine tuberculosis was a widespread and significant food safety hazard, with large numbers of human TB cases caused by contaminated milk. Texas fever, foot and mouth disease, brucellosis, glanders, trichinosis, and fowl plague challenged both animal and human health. Government intervention in veterinary public health made great strides during the first half of the twentieth century, however, and the U.S. food supply was proclaimed to be the safest in the world. In the countries of the developing world, infectious diseases of animals and humans remain prevalent and pose serious threats to a globalized society, in which the health status of animals in one nation is directly linked to the health status of animal and human populations throughout the world. The problems and their solutions are immensely complex and difficult and extend well beyond the challenges of controlling infectious diseases. As a result, those involved in the food industry, and especially veterinarians, face the question, Is it possible to feed a burgeoning world population while respecting the welfare of livestock and poultry, containing the spread of disease, and managing the Earth's natural resources? In Food Security in a Global Economy, contributors from across the globe and from a range of disciplines—veterinarians, public health officials, researchers, scholars, and industry experts—provide analysis and cutting-edge research. From the spread of avian influenza to the burgeoning problems associated with more affluent and urbanizing populations in the developing world, Food Security in a Global Economy provides a comprehensive overview of the issues that form the central challenge for veterinary medicine in the twenty-first century. |
| oie country reports: Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS) report 2021 , 2021-06-08 The GLASS Report 2021 highlights the new GLASS technical module on antimicrobial consumption surveillance, GLASS-AMC, and summarizes the results of the 2020 AMR and AMC data calls. It also describes the status of development of GLASS activities and WHO AMR-related activities globally and regionally. |
| oie country reports: 2008 Annual Report , |
| oie country reports: Global Livestock Health Policy Robert F. Kahrs, 2008-05-13 Global Livestock Health Policy is designed to provide an understanding of the complexities of national and subnational animal and public health policies and how those policies impact domestic livestock industries. These policies shape domestic disease control programs, international trade, and food safety efforts. This book offers public policy makers and animal health officials in government and industry a foundation on which to institute scientifically sound national and subnational animal health programs; solidify infrastructures; enhance communication between legislators, regulators, and affected parties; and expedite international agreements for safe worldwide movement of animals and animal products in a global free market economy. Organized in eight free standing chapters which include case studies, a glossary and an epilogue, this arrangement leads readers progressively through the events and decisions underlying the present US and global animal health policy status, lays out challenges facing the US and other nations, describes the components of a credible and competitive animal health infrastructure, and puts forward strategies for achieving policies that are adaptable to global and domestic dynamics while addressing the multiple issues and interests bearing on animal health, animal welfare, and food safety. The case studies contain background information and questions for group discussions. The book is intended for use by animal health officials; agribusiness leaders; commodity groups; financial institutions; legislators and their staffs; importers and exporters of animals, animal products, biologics and pharmaceuticals; leadership of the regulatory, academic and diagnostic sectors of the agricultural and veterinary communities; consumers; or anyone else interested in protection, production, processing, and distribution of animals and related products. |
| oie country reports: PEACE STUDIES, PUBLIC POLICY AND GLOBAL SECURITY – Volume VIII Ursula Oswald Spring, Ada Aharoni, Ralph V. Summy, Robert Charles Elliot, 2010-07-24 Peace Studies, Public Policy and Global Security is a component of Encyclopedia of Social Sciences and Humanities in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Peace Studies, Public Policy and Global Security provides the essential aspects and a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: Processes of Peace and Security; International Security, Peace, Development, and Environment; Security Threats, Challenges, Vulnerability and Risks; Sustainable Food and Water Security; World Economic Order. This 11-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, issues on Peace studies, Public Policy and Global security. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs. |
| oie country reports: Avian Influenza Research Progress Ernesto P. Allegra, 2008 Avian influenza, or 'bird flu', is a contagious disease of animals caused by viruses that normally infect only birds and, less commonly, pigs. Avian influenza viruses are highly species-specific, but have, on rare occasions, crossed the species barrier to infect humans. In domestic poultry, infection with avian influenza viruses causes two main forms of disease, distinguished by low and high extremes of virulence. The so-called 'low pathogenic' form commonly causes only mild symptoms (ruffled feathers, a drop in egg production) and may easily go undetected. The highly pathogenic form is far more dramatic. It spreads very rapidly through poultry flocks, causes disease affecting multiple internal organs, and has a mortality that can approach 100%, often within 48 hours. |
Home - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health
Jun 3, 2025 · We are the global authority on animal health. Founded in 1924 as the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), in May 2003 we adopted the common name World …
World Organisation for Animal Health - Wikipedia
The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), formerly the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1924, coordinating, supporting and …
Animal Diseases - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health
Founded in 1924 as the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), in May 2003 we adopted the common name World Organisation for Animal Health. An intergovernmental organisation, we …
Office of International Education (OIE) - Carnegie Mellon University
The Office of International Education (OIE) serves CMU's international student and scholar community by advising individuals on immigration, personal, academic, social, and acculturation …
World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) | Britannica
Jun 3, 2025 · World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), intergovernmental organization established to gather and disseminate information about animal diseases around the world and to …
USAHA | OIE
The OIE is the intergovernmental organization responsible for improving animal health worldwide. It is recognized as a reference organization by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has 180 …
THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF THE OIE - Food and …
The OIE develops and publishes two types of international health standards for animals and animal products – trade standards and biological standards. These standards are developed through …
NVAP Reference Guide - WOAH and International Standards
Mar 20, 2024 · The Office International des Epizooties (OIE) was established in Paris, France, in 1924 with the signing of an international agreement by 28 countries. In 2003 the Office became …
World Organisation for Animal Health Representation - WOAH
Jun 10, 2025 · The WOAH (founded as OIE) Regional and Sub-regional Representations for the region strengthen the WOAH's mission of improving animal health and welfare.
WOAH - WOAH - WOAH – Europe
The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) is the global authority on animal health: we work to ensure the health of animals and their environments across the world, …
Home - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health
Jun 3, 2025 · We are the global authority on animal health. Founded in 1924 as the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), in May 2003 we adopted the common name World …
World Organisation for Animal Health - Wikipedia
The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), formerly the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1924, coordinating, …
Animal Diseases - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health
Founded in 1924 as the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), in May 2003 we adopted the common name World Organisation for Animal Health. An intergovernmental organisation, we …
Office of International Education (OIE) - Carnegie Mellon University
The Office of International Education (OIE) serves CMU's international student and scholar community by advising individuals on immigration, personal, academic, social, and …
World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) | Britannica
Jun 3, 2025 · World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), intergovernmental organization established to gather and disseminate information about animal diseases around the world …
USAHA | OIE
The OIE is the intergovernmental organization responsible for improving animal health worldwide. It is recognized as a reference organization by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has …
THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF THE OIE - Food and …
The OIE develops and publishes two types of international health standards for animals and animal products – trade standards and biological standards. These standards are developed …
NVAP Reference Guide - WOAH and International Standards
Mar 20, 2024 · The Office International des Epizooties (OIE) was established in Paris, France, in 1924 with the signing of an international agreement by 28 countries. In 2003 the Office …
World Organisation for Animal Health Representation - WOAH
Jun 10, 2025 · The WOAH (founded as OIE) Regional and Sub-regional Representations for the region strengthen the WOAH's mission of improving animal health and welfare.
WOAH - WOAH - WOAH – Europe
The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE) is the global authority on animal health: we work to ensure the health of animals and their environments across the …
