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| north structure and change in economic history: Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance Douglass C. North, 1990-10-26 An analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies is developed in this analysis of economic structures. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Understanding the Process of Economic Change Douglass C. North, 2010-05-09 In this landmark work, a Nobel Prize-winning economist develops a new way of understanding the process by which economies change. Douglass North inspired a revolution in economic history a generation ago by demonstrating that economic performance is determined largely by the kind and quality of institutions that support markets. As he showed in two now classic books that inspired the New Institutional Economics (today a subfield of economics), property rights and transaction costs are fundamental determinants. Here, North explains how different societies arrive at the institutional infrastructure that greatly determines their economic trajectories. North argues that economic change depends largely on adaptive efficiency, a society's effectiveness in creating institutions that are productive, stable, fair, and broadly accepted--and, importantly, flexible enough to be changed or replaced in response to political and economic feedback. While adhering to his earlier definition of institutions as the formal and informal rules that constrain human economic behavior, he extends his analysis to explore the deeper determinants of how these rules evolve and how economies change. Drawing on recent work by psychologists, he identifies intentionality as the crucial variable and proceeds to demonstrate how intentionality emerges as the product of social learning and how it then shapes the economy's institutional foundations and thus its capacity to adapt to changing circumstances. Understanding the Process of Economic Change accounts not only for past institutional change but also for the diverse performance of present-day economies. This major work is therefore also an essential guide to improving the performance of developing countries. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Violence and Social Orders Douglass Cecil North, John Joseph Wallis, Barry R. Weingast, 2009-02-26 This book integrates the problem of violence into a larger framework, showing how economic and political behavior are closely linked. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Institutions, Property Rights, and Economic Growth Sebastian Galiani, Itai Sened, 2014-04-17 This volume showcases the impact of the work of Douglass North, winner of the Nobel Prize and father of the field of new institutional economics. Leading scholars contribute to a substantive discussion that best illustrates the broad reach and depth of Professor North's work. The volume speaks concisely about his legacy across multiple social sciences disciplines, specifically on scholarship pertaining to the understanding of property rights, the institutions that support the system of property rights, and economic growth. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Institutional Change and American Economic Growth L. E. Davis, Douglass C. North, 2008-12-11 This book presents a model for examining problems of institutional change and applies it to American economic development in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The authors develop their model of institutional change. They argue that if external economic factors make an increase in income possible but not attainable within the existing institutional structure, new organizations must be developed to achieve the potential in income. Their model is designed to explain the type and timing of these necessary changes in institutional organization. Individual, voluntary cooperative, and governmental arrangements are included in the discussion, although the latter differs considerably from the first two. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Why Nations Fail Daron Acemoglu, James A. Robinson, 2013-09-17 NEW YORK TIMES AND WALL STREET JOURNAL BESTSELLER • From two winners of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, “who have demonstrated the importance of societal institutions for a country’s prosperity” “A wildly ambitious work that hopscotches through history and around the world to answer the very big question of why some countries get rich and others don’t.”—The New York Times FINALIST: Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award • ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR: The Washington Post, Financial Times, The Economist, BusinessWeek, Bloomberg, The Christian Science Monitor, The Plain Dealer Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, or geography that determines prosperity or poverty? As Why Nations Fail shows, none of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Drawing on fifteen years of original research, Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is our man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or the lack of it). Korea, to take just one example, is a remarkably homogenous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created those two different institutional trajectories. Acemoglu and Robinson marshal extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, among them: • Will China’s economy continue to grow at such a high speed and ultimately overwhelm the West? • Are America’s best days behind it? Are we creating a vicious cycle that enriches and empowers a small minority? “This book will change the way people think about the wealth and poverty of nations . . . as ambitious as Jared Diamond’s Guns, Germs, and Steel.”—BusinessWeek |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Economic Growth of the United States, 1790-1860 Douglass Cecil North, 1966 Numerous charts and tables substantiate the author's analysis of the origins and manifestations of economic development of America before the Civil War |
| north structure and change in economic history: Imperfect Alternatives Neil K. Komesar, 1997-01-15 Major approaches to law and public policy, ranging from law and economics to the fundamental rights approach to constitutional law, are based on the belief that the identification of the correct social goals or values is the key to describing or prescribing law and public policy outcomes. In this book, Neil Komesar argues that this emphasis on goal choice ignores an essential element—institutional choice. Indeed, as important as determining our social goals is deciding which institution is best equipped to implement them—the market, the political process, or the adjucative process. Pointing out that all three institutions are massive, complex, and imperfect, Komesar develops a strategy for comparative institutional analysis that assesses variations in institutional ability. He then powerfully demonstrates the value of this analytical framework by using it to examine important contemporary issues ranging from tort reform to constitution-making. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Macroeconomic Policies of Developed Democracies Robert J. Franzese, 2002-02-11 Modern political-economic theory explains the postwar evolution of macroeconomic policy in developed democracies. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Strategic Factors in Nineteenth Century American Economic History Claudia Goldin, Hugh Rockoff, 2008-04-15 Offering new research on strategic factors in the development of the nineteenth century American economy—labor, capital, and political structure—the contributors to this volume employ a methodology innovated by Robert W. Fogel, one of the leading pioneers of the new economic history. Fogel's work is distinguished by the application of economic theory and large-scale quantitative evidence to long-standing historical questions. These sixteen essays reveal, by example, the continuing vitality of Fogel's approach. The authors use an astonishing variety of data, including genealogies, the U.S. federal population census manuscripts, manumission and probate records, firm accounts, farmers' account books, and slave narratives, to address collectively market integration and its impact on the lives of Americans. The evolution of markets in agricultural and manufacturing labor is considered first; that concerning capital and credit follows. The demography of free and slave populations is the subject of the third section, and the final group of papers examines the extra-market institutions of governments and unions. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The American Road to Capitalism Charles Post, 2011-03-21 Most US historians assume that capitalism either “came in the first ships” or was the inevitable result of the expansion of the market. Unable to analyze the dynamics of specific forms of social labour in the antebellum US, most historians of the US Civil War have privileged autonomous political and ideological factors, ignoring the deep social roots of the conflict. This book applies theoretical insights derived from the debates on the transition to capitalism in Europe to the historical literature on the US to produce a new analysis of the origins of capitalism in the US, and the social roots of the Civil War. Winner of the Paul Sweezy Marxist Sociology Book Award 2013 Short-listed for the 2011 Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Structure and Change in Economic History Douglass Cecil North, 1981 In this bold, sweeping study of the development of Western economies, Douglass C. North sets forth a new view of societal change. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Political and Economic History of North Cyprus Tufan Ekici, 2019-04-23 This monograph provides a comprehensive analysis of the political economy of the Turkish Cypriot governance in the northern part of Cyprus after 1974. Examining the political and state structure, labour market, social security, state economic enterprises and allocation of land, Ekici shines a light on the turbulent history of North Cyprus. What is its relationship with Turkey and the South? How does economic development compare across Cyprus? Who are the potential perpetrators of post-1974 developments? Such questions are addressed in this much-needed book. As a self-proclaimed internationally unrecognised state, neglected by the international community and scholarly literature, this book marks an important development in the study of North Cyprus and Turkey's role in its economy and politics. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Before and Beyond Divergence Jean-Laurent Rosenthal, R. Bin Wong, 2011-04-01 Why did sustained economic growth arise in Europe rather than in China? The authors combine economic theory and historical evidence to argue that political processes drove the economic divergence between the two world regions, with continued consequences today that become clear in this innovative account. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The New Institutional Economics and Third World Development John Harriss, Janet Hunter, Colin Lewis, 1995-12-14 The new institutional economics is one of the the most important new bodies of theory to emerge in economics in recent years. The contributors to this volume address its significance for the developing world. The book is a major contribution to an area of debate still in its formative phase. The book challenges the orthodoxies of development, espec |
| north structure and change in economic history: Land of Promise Michael Lind, 2012-04-17 Michael Lind’s Land of Promise is [an] ambitious economic history of the United States . . . rich with details (New York Times Book Review). How did a weak collection of former British colonies become an industrial, financial, and military colossus? From the eighteenth to the twenty-first centuries, the American economy has been transformed by wave after wave of emerging technology: the steam engine, electricity, the internal combustion engine, computer technology. Yet technology-driven change leads to growing misalignment between an innovative economy and anachronistic legal and political structures until the gap is closed by the modernization of America's institutions—often amid upheavals such as the Civil War and Reconstruction and the Great Depression and World War II. When the U.S. economy has flourished, government and business, labor and universities, have worked together in a never-ending project of economic nation building. As the United States struggles to emerge from the Great Recession, Michael Lind clearly demonstrates that Americans, since the earliest days of the republic, have reinvented the American economy—and have the power to do so again. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Rise and Fall of Urban Economies Michael Storper, Thomas Kemeny, Naji Makarem, Taner Osman, 2015-09-02 Today, the Bay Area is home to the most successful knowledge economy in America, while Los Angeles has fallen progressively further behind its neighbor to the north and a number of other American metropolises. Yet, in 1970, experts would have predicted that L.A. would outpace San Francisco in population, income, economic power, and influence. The usual factors used to explain urban growth—luck, immigration, local economic policies, and the pool of skilled labor—do not account for the contrast between the two cities and their fates. So what does? The Rise and Fall of Urban Economies challenges many of the conventional notions about economic development and sheds new light on its workings. The authors argue that it is essential to understand the interactions of three major components—economic specialization, human capital formation, and institutional factors—to determine how well a regional economy will cope with new opportunities and challenges. Drawing on economics, sociology, political science, and geography, they argue that the economic development of metropolitan regions hinges on previously underexplored capacities for organizational change in firms, networks of people, and networks of leaders. By studying San Francisco and Los Angeles in unprecedented levels of depth, this book extracts lessons for the field of economic development studies and urban regions around the world. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Cambridge Economic History of the United States Stanley L. Engerman, Robert E. Gallman, 1996 This three volume work offers a comprehensive survey of the history of economic activity and economic change in the United States, and in those regions whose economies have at certain times been closely allied to that of the US. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Strictures of Inheritance Jan Luiten van Zanden, Arthur van Riel, 2021-04-13 A major feat of research and synthesis, this book presents the first comprehensive history of the Dutch economy in the nineteenth century--an important but poorly understood piece of European economic history. Based on a detailed reconstruction of extensive economic data, the authors account for demise of the Dutch economy's golden age. After showing how institutional factors combined to make the Dutch economy a victim of its own success, the book traces its subsequent emergence as a modern industrial economy. Between 1780 and 1914, the Netherlands went through a double transition. Its economy--which, in the words of Adam Smith, was approaching a stationary state in the eighteenth century--entered a process of modern economic growth during the middle decades of the nineteenth. At the same time, the country's sociopolitical structure was undergoing radical transformation as the decentralized polity of the republic gave way to a unitary state. As the authors show, the dramatic transformation of the Dutch political structure was intertwined with equally radical changes in the institutional structure of the economy. The outcome of this dual transition was a rapidly industrializing economy on one side and, on the other, the neocorporatist sociopolitical structure that would characterize the Netherlands in the twentieth century. Analyzing both processes with a focus on institutional change, this book argues that the economic and political development of the Netherlands can be understood only in tandem. |
| north structure and change in economic history: General Economic History Max Weber, Frank Hyneman Knight, 2003-02-03 The final work of the great sociologist, economist, and political scientist starts with descriptions and analyses of the agrarian systems, and then explores manorial system, guilds, and early capitalism, organization of industry and mining, development of commerce, technical requisites for transporting goods, banking systems, evolution of capitalism and capitalistic spirit. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Empire of Cotton Sven Beckert, 2015-11-10 WINNER OF THE BANCROFT PRIZE • A Pulitzer Prize finalist that's as unsettling as it is enlightening: a book that brilliantly weaves together the story of cotton with how the present global world came to exist. “Masterly … An astonishing achievement.” —The New York Times The empire of cotton was, from the beginning, a fulcrum of constant global struggle between slaves and planters, merchants and statesmen, workers and factory owners. Sven Beckert makes clear how these forces ushered in the world of modern capitalism, including the vast wealth and disturbing inequalities that are with us today. In a remarkably brief period, European entrepreneurs and powerful politicians recast the world’s most significant manufacturing industry, combining imperial expansion and slave labor with new machines and wage workers to make and remake global capitalism. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Economic Dignity Gene Sperling, 2021-10-12 “Timely and important . . . It should be our North Star for the recovery and beyond.” —Hillary Clinton “Sperling makes a forceful case that only by speaking to matters of the spirit can liberals root their belief in economic justice in people’s deepest aspirations—in their sense of purpose and self-worth.” —The New York Times When Gene Sperling was in charge of coordinating economic policy in the Obama White House, he found himself surprised when serious people in Washington told him that the Obama focus on health care was a distraction because it was “not focused on the economy.” How, he asked, was the fear felt by millions of Americans of being one serious illness away from financial ruin not considered an economic issue? Too often, Sperling found that we measured economic success by metrics like GDP instead of whether the economy was succeeding in lifting up the sense of meaning, purpose, fulfillment, and security of people. In Economic Dignity, Sperling frames the way forward in a time of wrenching change and offers a vision of an economy whose guiding light is the promotion of dignity for all Americans. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Local Justice Jon Elster, 1992-05-14 The well-being of individuals routinely depends on their success in obtaining goods and avoiding burdens distributed by society. Local Justice offers the first systematic analysis of the principles and procedures used in dispensing local justice in situations as varied as the admission of students to college, the choice of patients for organ transplants, the selection of workers for layoffs, and the induction of men into the army. A prominent theorist in the field of rational choice and decision making, Jon Elster develops a rich selection of empirical examples and case studies to demonstrate the diversity of procedures used by institutions that mete out local justice. From this revealing material Elster fashions a conceptual framework for understanding why institutions make these crucial allocations in the ways they do. Elster's investigation discloses the many complex and varied approaches of such decision-making bodies as selective service and adoption agencies, employers and universities, prison and immigration authorities. What are the conflicting demands placed on these institutions by the needs of applicants, the recommendations of external agencies, and their own organizational imperatives? Often, as Elster shows, methods of allocation may actually aggravate social problems. For instance, the likelihood that handicapped or minority infants will be adopted is further decreased when agencies apply the same stringent screening criteria—exclusion of people over forty, single parents, working wives, and low-income families—that they use for more sought-after babies. Elster proposes a classification of the main principles and procedures used to match goods with individuals, charts the interactions among these mechanisms of local justice, and evaluates them in terms of fairness and efficiency. From his empirical groundwork, Elster builds an innovative analysis of the historical processes by which, at given times and under given circumstances, preferences become principles and principles become procedures. Local Justice concludes with a comparison of local justice systems with major contemporary theories of social justice—utilitarianism, John Rawls's A Theory of Justice, Robert Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia—and discusses the common-sense conception of justice held by professional decision makers such as lawyers, economists, and politicians. The difference between what we say about justice and how we actually dispense it is the illuminating principle behind Elster's book. A perceptive and cosmopolitan study, Local Justice is a seminal work for all those concerned with the formation of ethical policy and social welfare—philosophers, economists, political scientists, health care professionals, policy makers, and educators. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Frontiers of the New Institutional Economics John N. Drobak, John V. C. Nye, 1997 The New Institutional Economics incorporates a theory of institutions into economics. It builds upon the fundamental assumptions of scarcity and competition but abandons institutional rationality. Consequently, NIE assumes that individuals make choices based on incomplete information and limited mental capacity, forming institutions to reduce uncertainty in human exchange. These insights have implications for technological change, property rights, and public choice. The Frontiers of the New Institutional Economics presents new essays written specifically for this volume. These essays Provide an introduction to the nature and practice of the New Institutional Economics, with a special emphasis on economic history and political economy. Among the contributors are Nobel Prize winners Douglass North and Robert Fogel. Key Features * Contains essays by Nobel Prize winners Douglass North and Robert Fogel * Presents a field of economics useful to students of political science and sociology. * Applicable to studies of technological change, property rights, and public choice |
| north structure and change in economic history: History Matters Timothy Guinnane, 2003-10-31 Combining theoretical work with careful historical description and analysis of new data sources, History Matters makes a strong case for a more historical approach to economics, both by argument and by example. Seventeen original essays, written by distinguished economists and economic historians, use economic theory and historical cases to explore how and why history matters. The chapters, which range in subject matter from the economic theory of irreversible investment to the nineteenth-century decline in U.S. rural fertility to the English poor law reform, are unified by three themes. The first explores the significance, causes, and consequences of path dependence in the evolution of technology and institutions. The second relates to the ways in which economic and political behavior are profoundly shaped and constrained by the cultural and political context inherited from history at a particular point in time. The final theme demonstrates the importance of integrating economic theory into historical research in the gathering and interpretation of data. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Dynamic Society Graeme Snooks, 2002-09-11 This book discusses the nature and process of change in human society over the past two million years. The author draws on economic, historical and biological concepts to examine the driving forces of change and looks to likely developments in the future. This analysis produces some very thought-provoking and controversial conclusions. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction Robert C. Allen, 2011-09-15 Why are some countries rich and others poor? In 1500, the income differences were small, but they have grown dramatically since Columbus reached America. Since then, the interplay between geography, globalization, technological change, and economic policy has determined the wealth and poverty of nations. The industrial revolution was Britain's path breaking response to the challenge of globalization. Western Europe and North America joined Britain to form a club of rich nations by pursuing four polices-creating a national market by abolishing internal tariffs and investing in transportation, erecting an external tariff to protect their fledgling industries from British competition, banks to stabilize the currency and mobilize domestic savings for investment, and mass education to prepare people for industrial work. Together these countries pioneered new technologies that have made them ever richer. Before the Industrial Revolution, most of the world's manufacturing was done in Asia, but industries from Casablanca to Canton were destroyed by western competition in the nineteenth century, and Asia was transformed into 'underdeveloped countries' specializing in agriculture. The spread of economic development has been slow since modern technology was invented to fit the needs of rich countries and is ill adapted to the economic and geographical conditions of poor countries. A few countries - Japan, Soviet Russia, South Korea, Taiwan, and perhaps China - have, nonetheless, caught up with the West through creative responses to the technological challenge and with Big Push industrialization that has achieved rapid growth through investment coordination. Whether other countries can emulate the success of East Asia is a challenge for the future. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Governing the Commons Elinor Ostrom, 2015-09-23 The governance of natural resources used by many individuals in common is an issue of increasing concern to policy analysts. Both state control and privatization of resources have been advocated, but neither the state nor the market have been uniformly successful in solving common pool resource problems. After critiquing the foundations of policy analysis as applied to natural resources, Elinor Ostrom here provides a unique body of empirical data to explore conditions under which common pool resource problems have been satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily solved. Dr Ostrom uses institutional analysis to explore different ways - both successful and unsuccessful - of governing the commons. In contrast to the proposition of the 'tragedy of the commons' argument, common pool problems sometimes are solved by voluntary organizations rather than by a coercive state. Among the cases considered are communal tenure in meadows and forests, irrigation communities and other water rights, and fisheries. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Growth & Welfare in the American Past Douglass Cecil North, 1974 |
| north structure and change in economic history: Economic Development in the Americas Since 1500 Stanley L. Engerman, Kenneth L. Sokoloff, 2012 Examines differences in the rates of economic growth in Latin America and mainland North America since the seventeenth century. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Farm to Factory Robert C. Allen, 2021-07-13 To say that history's greatest economic experiment--Soviet communism--was also its greatest economic failure is to say what many consider obvious. Here, in a startling reinterpretation, Robert Allen argues that the USSR was one of the most successful developing economies of the twentieth century. He reaches this provocative conclusion by recalculating national consumption and using economic, demographic, and computer simulation models to address the what if questions central to Soviet history. Moreover, by comparing Soviet performance not only with advanced but with less developed countries, he provides a meaningful context for its evaluation. Although the Russian economy began to develop in the late nineteenth century based on wheat exports, modern economic growth proved elusive. But growth was rapid from 1928 to the 1970s--due to successful Five Year Plans. Notwithstanding the horrors of Stalinism, the building of heavy industry accelerated growth during the 1930s and raised living standards, especially for the many peasants who moved to cities. A sudden drop in fertility due to the education of women and their employment outside the home also facilitated growth. While highlighting the previously underemphasized achievements of Soviet planning, Farm to Factory also shows, through methodical analysis set in fluid prose, that Stalin's worst excesses--such as the bloody collectivization of agriculture--did little to spur growth. Economic development stagnated after 1970, as vital resources were diverted to the military and as a Soviet leadership lacking in original thought pursued wasteful investments. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Racing to Justice john a. powell, 2024 In Racing to Justice, renowned social justice advocate john a. powell persuasively argues that we have yet to achieve a truly post-racial society and that there is much work to be done to redeem the American promise of inclusive democracy. Gathered from a decade of writing about social justice and spirituality, these meditations on race, identity, and social policy provide an outline for laying claim to our shared humanity and a way toward healing ourselves and securing our future. With an updated foreword and a new chapter on polarization, this new edition continues to challenge us to replace the attitudes and institutions that promote and perpetuate social suffering with those that foster relationships and a way of being that transcends disconnection and separation. Racing to Justice is a thought-provoking book that offers readers a look into the issues that continue to plague our society. It is reminder that we have yet to address and reckon with the challenges we face in providing equal opportunities for all people in this country and the world. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Letter from Birmingham Jail MARTIN LUTHER KING JR., Martin Luther King, 2018 This landmark missive from one of the greatest activists in history calls for direct, non-violent resistance in the fight against racism, and reflects on the healing power of love. |
| north structure and change in economic history: Governing for Prosperity Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, Hilton L. Root, 2000-07-11 How do political institutions help promote prosperity in some countries and poverty in others? What can be done to encourage leaders to govern not for patronage but for economic growth? In this book, such distinguished political economists as Douglass North, Robert Barro, and Stephen Haber answer these questions, providing a solution to one of the most important policy puzzles of the new century: how to govern for prosperity. The authors begin from a premise that political leaders are self-interested politicians rather than benign agents of the people they lead. When leaders depend on only a few backers to stay in power, they dole out privileges to those people, thereby dissipating their country’s total resources and national growth potential. On the other hand, leaders who need large coalitions to stay in office implement policies that generally foster growth and political competition over ideas. The result is that those who promote policies that lead to stagnation tend to stay in office for a long time, and those who produce prosperity tend to lose their jobs. Analyzing countries in North and South America and Asia, the authors discuss the range of political regimes that permit or even encourage leaders to rule by mismanaging their nation’s resources. And they show that nations must forge institutions that allow all social groups to participate in and benefit from the economy as well as force political leaders to be responsible for policy outcomes. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Sensory Order F. A. Hayek, 2012-09-15 The Nobel Prize-winning economist explores how the mind works—an early landmark in the field of cognitive science. The Sensory Order, first published in 1952, sets forth F. A. Hayek's classic theory of mind in which he describes the mental mechanism that classifies perceptions that cannot be accounted for by physical laws. Though Hayek is more commonly known as an icon in the field of economics, his genius was wide-ranging—and his contribution to theoretical psychology is of continuing significance to cognitive scientists as well as to economists interested in the interplay between psychology and market systems, and has been addressed in the work of Thomas Szasz, Gerald Edelman, and Joaquin Fuster. “A most encouraging example of a sustained attempt to bring together information, inference, and hypothesis in the several fields of biology, psychology, and philosophy.”—Quarterly Review of Biology |
| north structure and change in economic history: The British Industrial Revolution Joel Mokyr, 2018-02-06 The Industrial Revolution remains a defining moment in the economic history of the modern world. But what kind and how much of a revolution was it? And what kind of ?moment? could it have been? These are just some of the larger questions among the many that economic historians continue to debate. Addressing the various interpretations and assumptions that have been attached to the concept of the Industrial Revolution, Joel Mokyr and his four distinguished contributors present and defend their views on essential aspects of the Industrial Revolution. In this revised edition, all chapters?including Mokyr's extensive introductory survey and evaluation of research in this field?are updated to consider arguments and findings advanced since the volume's initial 1993 publication. Like its predecessor, the revised edition of The British Industrial Revolution is an essential book for economic historians and, indeed, for any historian of Great Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. |
| north structure and change in economic history: In the Shadow of Violence Douglass C. North, John Joseph Wallis, Steven B. Webb, Barry R. Weingast, 2013 This book explains how political control of economic privileges is used to limit violence and coordinate coalitions of powerful organizations. |
| north structure and change in economic history: The New Economic History Ralph L. Andreano, 1970 Collection of essays which first appeared in various issues of Explorations in entrepreneurial history, 2d ser. The new history, by G.G.S. Murphy.--The role of the economic historian in predictive testing of proffered economic laws, by R.L. Basmann.--Fact and theory in economic history, by J.R.T. Hughes.--And it will never be literature: the new economic history, a critique, by L.E. Davis.--Potentialities and pitfalls in economic history, by F. Redlich.--Comment on Davis and Redlich papers, by G. Green.--Econometrics and Southern history, by A.H. Conrad.--Comments on Conrad paper, by R.W. Fogel, S. Bruchey, and A.D. Chandler, Jr.--The new economic history, an econometric appraisal, by G.N. von Tunzelmann.--Bibliography (p. 177-178). |
| north structure and change in economic history: The Role of Institutions in Economic Development Douglass Cecil North, United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe, 2003 This paper contains the text of a lecture delivered by Nobel laureate Professor Douglass C. North in March 2003, the first in a second series of lectures in honour of Gunnar Myrdal (the first Executive Secretary of the UN Economic Commission for Europe). The lecture highlights the important role played by institutions (defined as including formal rules such as the rule of law and property rights, as well as informal constraints relating to beliefs, traditions and social norms) in promoting socio-economic development. Professor North argues that the considerable gaps in per capita income between richer and poorer countries reflect the quality of their institutions. However, in a continuously evolving world economy, there is no single strategy for institutional design to fit all countries seeking sustained economic growth and development. |
| north structure and change in economic history: British Economic Growth, 1688-1959 Phyllis Deane, William Alan Cole, 1967 Beginning at the time of the revolution in 1688, and ending in the 1950s, this book sets out to establish the main quantitative features of the British economy over as long a period as available statistics permit. Topics include changes in the population structure, industrial structure and more. |
North - Wikipedia
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or …
NORTH Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of NORTH is to, toward, or in the north. How to use north in a sentence.
NORTH | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
Most of the country's population is concentrated in the north. The wind is coming from the north. The revolt in the north is believed to have been instigated by a high-ranking general. The …
North Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
Which way is north? The birds migrate from the North. Parts of the North were hit hard by the storm. I grew up in the North. The American Civil War was between the North and the South. …
North - definition of north by The Free Dictionary
(Physical Geography) one of the four cardinal points of the compass, at 0° or 360°, that is 90° from east and west and 180° from south. 2. (Physical Geography) the direction along a …
North Pole - Wikipedia
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the …
Home old
It is centrally located for touring all of St Lucia from the Pitons of Soufriere and the Moule a Chic lighthouse in the extreme south to Pigeon Island National Park in the north - and all the …
North - Wikipedia
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or …
NORTH Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of NORTH is to, toward, or in the north. How to use north in a sentence.
NORTH | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
Most of the country's population is concentrated in the north. The wind is coming from the north. The revolt in the north is believed to have been instigated by a high-ranking general. The …
North Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
Which way is north? The birds migrate from the North. Parts of the North were hit hard by the storm. I grew up in the North. The American Civil War was between the North and the South. …
North - definition of north by The Free Dictionary
(Physical Geography) one of the four cardinal points of the compass, at 0° or 360°, that is 90° from east and west and 180° from south. 2. (Physical Geography) the direction along a …
North Pole - Wikipedia
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the …
Home old
It is centrally located for touring all of St Lucia from the Pitons of Soufriere and the Moule a Chic lighthouse in the extreme south to Pigeon Island National Park in the north - and all the …
