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| moral inequality rousseau: A Discourse on Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2016-04-26 A fascinating examination of the relationship between civilization and inequality from one of history’s greatest minds The first man to erect a fence around a piece of land and declare it his own founded civil society—and doomed mankind to millennia of war and famine. The dawn of modern civilization, argues Jean-Jacques Rousseau in this essential treatise on human nature, was also the beginning of inequality. One of the great thinkers of the Enlightenment, Rousseau based his work in compassion for his fellow man. The great crime of despotism, he believed, was the raising of the cruel above the weak. In this landmark text, he spells out the antidote for man’s ills: a compassionate revolution to pull up the fences and restore the balance of mankind. This ebook has been professionally proofread to ensure accuracy and readability on all devices. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on the Origin of Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2023-11-16 In Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, Jean-Jacques Rousseau presents a profound philosophical examination of the social constructs that give rise to inequality among men. Written in 1755, the work adopts a strikingly eloquent and often provocative style, blending historical analysis with a speculative account of human development. Rousseau delineates two forms of inequality: natural and moral, critiquing the ways in which societal structures distort human equality and freedoms. His inquiry situates itself within the broader intellectual currents of the Enlightenment, contrasting starkly with the prevailing notions of progress and civilization that justified social hierarchies. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a pivotal figure in Enlightenment thought, drew from his own experiences of social alienation and his belief in the inherent goodness of man to write this influential text. His formative years in Geneva, coupled with his passion for music, education, and political philosophy, fueled a desire to question the status quo and grapple with the moral implications of contemporary society. These influences culminate in a work that challenges readers to reconsider the moral foundation of their political structures and societal norms. Discourse on the Origin of Inequality is essential reading for anyone interested in political philosophy, social justice, or the foundational principles of modern democratic thought. Rousseau's ability to articulate the paradoxes of human society invites deep reflection and critical engagement, making this discourse not only historically significant but also strikingly relevant in contemporary discussions about inequality. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau's Theory of Freedom Matthew Simpson, 2006-03-08 Jean-Jacques Rousseau has a claim to be ranked above even Karl Marx as the political philosopher who has most influenced everyday life. His much-read philosophy of education alone would qualify him for a high place, but his political theory is even more important: decisions affecting millions of people were made based on the reading of certain lines of the Social Contract. Yet while politicians and scholars have studied this book for 250 years, almost no agreement exists on how to interpret its central concept: freedom. Rousseau's theory of freedom has led him to be called everything from the greatest prophet of individual liberty to the designer of the first totalitarian state. This book offers a new, unifying interpretation of the theory of freedom in the Social Contract. Simpson gives a careful analysis of Rousseau's theory of the social pact, and then examines the kinds of freedom that it brings about, showing how Rousseau's individualist and collectivist aspects fit into a larger and logically coherent theory of human liberty. Simpson's book not only helps us to understand one of the pre-eminent political minds of the 18th century, but also brings us into closer conversation with those he influenced, who have done so much to shape our world. And in light of the interest in contemporary contractualist philosophers like Rawls, Scanlon, and Gauthier, readers will find it worthwhile to return to the thinker who offers one of the most radical, profound, and insightful theories of the social contract ever devised. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on the Origin of Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2009-04-23 In his Discourses (1755), Rousseau argues that inequalities of rank, wealth, and power are the inevitable result of the civilizing process. If inequality is intolerable - and Rousseau shows with unparalledled eloquence how it robs us not only of our material but also of our psychological independence - then how can we recover the peaceful self-sufficiency of life in the state of nature? We cannot return to a simpler time, but measuring the costs of progress may help us to imagine alternatives to the corruption and oppressive conformity of modern society. Rousseau's sweeping account of humanity's social and political development epitomizes the innovative boldness of the Englightment, and it is one of the most provocative and influential works of the eighteenth century. This new translation includes all Rousseau's own notes, and Patrick Coleman's introduction builds on recent key scholarship, considering particularly the relationship between political and aesthetic thought. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau and German Idealism David James, 2013-08-08 A systematic account of Rousseau's significance in relation to Kant's, Fichte's and Hegel's views on freedom, dependence and necessity. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on the Sciences and Arts (first Discourse) ; And, Polemics Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1992 |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau's Ethics of Truth Jason Neidleman, 2016-07-01 In 1758, Rousseau announced that he had adopted vitam impendere vero (dedicate life to truth) as a personal pledge. Despite the dramatic nature of this declaration, no scholar has yet approached Rousseau’s work through the lens of truth or truthseeking. What did it mean for Rousseau to lead a life dedicated to truth? This book presents Rousseau’s normative account of truthseeking, his account of what human beings must do if they hope to discover the truths essential to human happiness. Rousseau’s writings constitute a practical guide to these truths; they describe how he arrived at them and how others might as well. In reading Rousseau through the lens of truth, Neidleman traverses the entirety of Rousseau's corpus, and, in the process, reveals a series of symmetries among the disparate themes treated in those texts. The first section of the book lays out Rousseau’s general philosophy of truth and truthseeking. The second section follows Rousseau down four distinct pathways to truth: reverie, republicanism, religion, and reason. With a strong grounding in both the Anglophone and Francophone scholarship on Rousseau, this book will appeal to scholars across a broad range of disciplines. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Engaging with Rousseau Avi Lifschitz, 2016-07-28 An examination of responses to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's works and self-fashioned image from the Enlightenment onwards across Europe and the Americas. |
| moral inequality rousseau: A Dissertation on the Origin and Foundation of the Inequality of Mankind Jean Rousseau, Will Jonson, 2014-08-19 Rousseau argues that inequalities of rank, wealth, and power are the inevitable result of the civilizing process. If inequality is intolerable - and Rousseau shows with unparalleled eloquence how it robs us not only of our material but also of our psychological independence - then how can we recover the peaceful self-sufficiency of life in the state of nature? We cannot return to a simpler time, but measuring the costs of progress may help us to imagine alternatives to the corruption and oppressive conformity of modern society. Rousseau's sweeping account of humanity's social and political development epitomizes the innovative boldness of the Enlightenment, and it is one of the most provocative and influential works of the eighteenth century. Check out our other books at www.dogstailbooks.co.uk |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau's Theodicy of Self-Love Frederick Neuhouser, 2008-07-10 This book is the first comprehensive study of Rousseau's rich and complex theory of the type of self-love (amour propre ) that, for him, marks the central difference between humans and the beasts. Amour propre is the passion that drives human individuals to seek the esteem, approval, admiration, or love—the recognition —of their fellow beings. Neuhouser reconstructs Rousseau's understanding of what the drive for recognition is, why it is so problematic, and how its presence opens up far-reaching developmental possibilities for creatures that possess it. One of Rousseau's central theses is that amour propre in its corrupted, manifestations—pride or vanity—is the principal source of an array of evils so widespread that they can easily appear to be necessary features of the human condition: enslavement, conflict, vice, misery, and self-estrangement. Yet Rousseau also argues that solving these problems depends not on suppressing or overcoming the drive for recognition but on cultivating it so that it contributes positively to the achievement of freedom, peace, virtue, happiness, and unalienated selfhood. Indeed, Rousseau goes so far as to claim that, despite its many dangers, the need for recognition is a condition of nearly everything that makes human life valuable and that elevates it above mere animal existence: rationality, morality, freedom—subjectivity itself—would be impossible for humans if it were not for amour propre and the relations to others it impels us to establish. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau, Nietzsche, and the Image of the Human Paul Franco, 2021-09-30 Rousseau and Nietzsche presented two of the most influential critiques of modern life and much can still be learned from their respective analyses of problems we still face. In Rousseau, Nietzsche, and the Image of the Human, Paul Franco examines the relationship between Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Friedrich Nietzsche, arguably the two most influential shapers and explorers of the moral and cultural imagination of late modernity. Both thinkers leveled radical critiques of modern life, but those critiques differed in important respects. Whereas Rousseau focused on the growing inequality of modern society and the hypocrisy, self-division, and loss of civic virtue it spawned, Nietzsche decried the democratic equality he identified with Rousseau and the loss of individual and cultural greatness it entailed. Franco argues, however, that Rousseau and Nietzsche are more than mere critics; they both put forward powerful alternative visions of how we ought to live. Franco focuses specifically on their views of the self and its realization, their understandings of women and the relation between the sexes, and their speculative conceptions of politics. While there are many similarities in their positive visions, Franco argues that it is the differences between them from which we have most to learn. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on the Arts and Sciences Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2019 |
| moral inequality rousseau: On the Happiness of the Philosophic Life Heinrich Meier, 2016-04 Contents -- Preface -- Preface to the American Edition -- Note on Citations -- Translator's Note and Acknowledgments -- First Book -- I. The Philosopher among Nonphilosophers -- II. Faith -- III. Nature -- IV. Beisichselbstsein -- V. Politics -- VI. Love -- VII. Self-Knowledge -- Second Book -- Rousseau and the Profession of Faith of the Savoyard Vicar -- Name Index |
| moral inequality rousseau: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith Charles L Griswold, 2017-10-02 Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith are giants of eighteenth century thought. The heated controversy provoked by their competing visions of human nature and society still resonates today. Smith himself reviewed Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality, and his perceptive remarks raise an intriguing question: what would a conversation between these two great thinkers look like? In this outstanding book Charles Griswold analyzes, compares and evaluates some of the key ways in which Rousseau and Smith address what could be termed the question of the self. Both thinkers discuss what we are by nature (in particular, whether we are sociable or not), who we have become, whether we can know ourselves or each other, how best to articulate the human condition, what it would mean to be free, and whether there is anything that can be done to remedy our deeply imperfect condition. In the course of examining their rich and contrasting views, Griswold puts Rousseau and Smith in dialogue by imagining what they might say in reply to one another. Griswold’s wide-ranging exploration includes discussion of issues such as narcissism, self-falsification, sympathy, the scope of philosophy, and the relation between liberty, religion and civic order. A superb exploration of two major philosophers, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith: A Philosophical Encounter is essential reading for students and scholars of these two figures, eighteenth century philosophy, the Enlightenment, moral philosophy, and the history of ideas. It will also be of interest to those in related disciplines such as political theory, economics, and religion. |
| moral inequality rousseau: The Psychology of Inequality Michael Locke McLendon, 2018-12-14 In The Psychology of Inequality, Michael Locke McLendon looks to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's thought for insight into the personal and social pathologies that plague commercial and democratic societies. He emphasizes the way Rousseau appropriated and modified the notion of self-love, or amour-propre, found in Augustine and various early modern thinkers. McLendon traces the concept in Rousseau's work and reveals it to be a form of selfish vanity that mimics aspects of Homeric honor culture and, in the modern world, shapes the outlook of the wealthy and powerful as well as the underlying assumptions of meritocratic ideals. According to McLendon, Rousseau's elucidation of amour-propre describes a desire for glory and preeminence that can be dangerously antisocial, as those who believe themselves superior derive pleasure from dominating and even harming those they consider beneath them. Drawing on Rousseau's insights, McLendon asserts that certain forms of inequality, especially those associated with classical aristocracy and modern-day meritocracy, can corrupt the mindsets and personalities of people in socially disruptive ways. The Psychology of Inequality shows how amour-propre can be transformed into the demand for praise, whether or not one displays praiseworthy qualities, and demonstrates the ways in which this pathology continues to play a leading role in the psychology and politics of modern liberal democracies. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau's Social Contract David Lay Williams, 2014-01-13 If the greatness of a philosophical work can be measured by the volume and vehemence of the public response, there is little question that Rousseau's Social Contract stands out as a masterpiece. Within a week of its publication in 1762 it was banished from France. Soon thereafter, Rousseau fled to Geneva, where he saw the book burned in public. At the same time, many of his contemporaries, such as Kant, considered Rousseau to be 'the Newton of the moral world', as he was the first philosopher to draw attention to the basic dignity of human nature. The Social Contract has never ceased to be read and debated in the 250 years since its publication. Rousseau's Social Contract: An Introduction offers a thorough and systematic tour of this notoriously paradoxical and challenging text. David Lay Williams offers readers a chapter-by-chapter reading of the Social Contract, squarely confronting these interpretive obstacles. The book also features a special extended appendix dedicated to outlining Rousseau's famous conception of the general will, which has been the object of controversy since the Social Contract's publication in 1762. |
| moral inequality rousseau: A Treatise on the Social Compact, Or, The Principles of Political Law Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1795 |
| moral inequality rousseau: Adam Smith and Rousseau Maria Pia Paganelli, Dennis Carl Rasmussen, Craig Smith, 2018-02-18 This collection brings together an international and interdisciplinary group of Adam Smith and Jean-Jacques Rousseau scholars to explore the key shared concerns of these two great thinkers in politics, philosophy, economics, history, and literature. Looks at all aspects of the pivotal intellectual relationship between two key figures of the Enlightenment Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-78) and Adam Smith (1723-90) are two of the foremost thinkers of the European Enlightenment. They who made seminal contributions to moral and political philosophy and shaped some of the key concepts of modern political economy. Though we have no solid evidence that they met in person, we do know that they shared many friends and interlocutors.In particular, David Hume was Smith's closest intellectual associate and was also the one who arranged for Rousseau's stay in England in 1766. This collection brings together an international and interdisciplinary group of Adam Smith and Rousseau scholars to explore the key shared concerns of these two great thinkers in politics, philosophy, economics, history and literature |
| moral inequality rousseau: Against Rousseau Joseph de Maistre, 1996-06-01 On the State of Nature and On the Sovereignty of the People are Maistre's most comprehensive treatment of Rousseau's ideas and his most sustained critique of the ideological foundations of the revolution. On the State of Nature, a detailed critique of Rousseau's Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality, focuses on Rousseau's belief in the natural goodness of man; On the Sovereignty of the People, a critique of Social Contract, explores Rousseau's theory of popular sovereignty. In Maistre's eyes Rousseau encouraged the socially destructive individualism that lay at the heart of the French Revolution. However, the essays reveal some surprising ambiguities in the relationship between two seminal thinkers who are usually thought of as polar opposites, suggesting that Maistre's vision was more akin to Rousseau's than he would have admitted. Against Rousseau offers valuable insights into the evolution of Maistre's counter-revolutionary ideas during the crucial years of 1792-97 and illustrates his remarkable insights into society and politics. It is vital to any consideration of his thought or the counter-revolutionary movement in eighteenth-century France. |
| moral inequality rousseau: New Learning Mary Kalantzis, Bill Cope, 2012-06-29 Fully updated and revised, the second edition of New Learning explores the contemporary debates and challenges in education and considers how schools can prepare their students for the future. New Learning, Second Edition is an inspiring and comprehensive resource for pre-service and in-service teachers alike. |
| moral inequality rousseau: On the Social Contract Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2010-05-06 On the Social Contract, written by legendary author Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is widely considered to be one of the greatest classic texts of all time. This great classic will surely attract a whole new generation of readers. For many, On the Social Contract is required reading for various courses and curriculums. And for others who simply enjoy reading timeless pieces of classic literature, this gem by Jean-Jacques Rousseau is highly recommended. Published by Classic Books International and beautifully produced, On the Social Contract would make an ideal gift and it should be a part of everyone's personal library. |
| moral inequality rousseau: A Discourse Upon The Origin And The Foundation Of The Inequality Among Mankind Jean Jacques Rousseau, 2012-03-01 What is the Origin of the Inequality among Mankind; and whether such Inequality is authorized by the Law of Nature? I conceive two species of inequality among men; one which I call natural, or physical inequality, because it is established by nature, and consists in the difference of age, health, bodily strength, and the qualities of the mind, or of the soul; the other which may be termed moral, or political inequality, because it depends on a kind of convention, and is established, or at least authorized, by the common consent of mankind. This species of inequality consists in the different privileges, which some men enjoy, to the prejudice of others, such as that of being richer, more honoured, more powerful, and even that of exacting obedience from them. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism of French expression. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Basic Political Writings Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2010-08 Basic Political Writings, written by legendary author Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is widely considered to be one of the greatest classic texts of all time. This great classic will surely attract a whole new generation of readers. For many, Basic Political Writings is required reading for various courses and curriculums. And for others who simply enjoy reading timeless pieces of classic literature, this gem by Jean-Jacques Rousseau is highly recommended. Published by Classic Books International and beautifully produced, Basic Political Writings would make an ideal gift and it should be a part of everyone's personal library. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2009-12-01 The searing indictment of man-made inequality in all its many forms that Rousseau offers in Discourse on Inequality is a must-read for philosophy buffs and supporters of social justice. This artfully composed argument sets forth the core elements of Rousseau's philosophical views, including his unique take on Hobbes' concept of nature and natural law. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau: A Very Short Introduction Robert Wokler, 2001-08-23 In this study of Rousseau's life and works, across a range of disciplines, Robert Wokler shows how his thinking and writing were all inspired by an ideal of mankind's self-realization in a condition of unfettered freedom. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Profession of Faith of a Savoyard Vicar Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1889 |
| moral inequality rousseau: Citizen of Geneva Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Charles William Hendel, 1937 |
| moral inequality rousseau: On the Origin of Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2022-11-13 In 'On the Origin of Inequality' by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the author delves into the philosophical discourse on the nature of inequality among men. Rousseau eloquently argues that inequality is not a natural state, but rather a product of society and the development of human civilization. Through a combination of historical analysis and societal critique, Rousseau presents a compelling narrative that challenges traditional beliefs about the origins of inequality. His writing style is thought-provoking and introspective, inviting readers to question fundamental assumptions about the human condition. This book is a cornerstone of political philosophy and a critical examination of the social structures that perpetuate inequality. Rousseau's exploration of inequality is as relevant today as it was during his time, offering valuable insights into the nature of societal organization and individual freedoms. 'On the Origin of Inequality' is recommended for readers interested in philosophy, sociology, and political theory, as it provides a comprehensive analysis of the roots of social disparities and the implications for human society. |
| moral inequality rousseau: A Discourse on Inequality Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2017-10-13 Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men commonly known as the Second Discourse, is a work by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. It was written in 1754 in response to a prize competition of the Academy of Dijon answering the prompt: What is the origin of inequality among people, and is it authorized by natural law?* Rousseau first exposes in this work his conception of a human state of nature, presented as a philosophical fiction (like a work by Thomas Hobbes, unlike those by John Locke), and of human perfectibility, an early idea of progress. He then explains the way people may have established civil society, which leads him to present private property as the original source and basis of all inequality.* Rousseau discusses two types of inequality: natural, or physical inequality, and ethical, or moral inequality. Natural inequality involves differences between one human's body and that of another-it is a product of nature. * Rousseau opines that human freedom does not mean the capacity to choose, which would require reason, but instead the ability to refrain from instinct. Only with such a capacity can humans acquire new habits and practices.* Rousseau claims natural man does not possess reason or language (in which reason's generation is rooted) or society-and these three things are mutually-conditioning, such that none can come into being without the others.* With primitive social existence (preceding civil society), humans gain a love of well-being (amour propre) and most of the rest of Rousseau's account is based on this. Rousseau's critique of civil society is primarily based on psychological features of civil man, with amour propre(love of well-being ) pushing individuals to compare themselves with others, to gain a sense of self corresponding to this, and to dissolve natural man's natural pity.* According to Rousseau, The first person who, having enclosed a plot of land, took it into his head to say this is mine and found people simple enough to believe him, was the true founder of civil society. But Rousseau then clarifies that this moment was presaged by a series of environmental and rational conditions that made it possible. For Rousseau, even the concept of private property required a series of other concepts in order to be formed. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Thinking with Rousseau Helena Rosenblatt, Paul Schweigert, 2017-06-16 Rousseau's relation to the Western intellectual tradition is re-examined through a series of 'conversations' between Rousseau and other 'great thinkers'. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Discourse on the Origin and the Foundations of Inequality Among Men Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Ian Johnston, 2014-10-09 Discourse on the Origin and the Foundations of Inequality Among Men - Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Translated by Ian Johnston. Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men also commonly known as the Second Discourse, is a work by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rousseau first exposes in this work his conception of a human state of nature, presented as a philosophical fiction (like by Hobbes, unlike by Locke), and of human perfectibility, an early idea of progress. He then explains the way, according to him, people may have established civil society, which leads him to present private property as the original source and basis of all inequality. The text was written in 1754 in response to a prize competition of the Academy of Dijon answering the prompt: What is the origin of inequality among people, and is it authorized by natural law? Though he was not recognized by the prize committee for this piece (as he had been for the Discourse on the Arts and Sciences) he nevertheless published the text in 1755. Rousseau's text is divided into four main parts: the dedication, the preface, an extended inquiry into the nature of the human being and another inquiry into the evolution of the human species within society. Also, there are a set of writings that expound upon important issues that were brought up in the beginning of the text. Rousseau discusses two types of inequality, natural or physical and ethical or political. Natural inequality involves differences between one man's physical strength and that of another – it is a product of nature. Rousseau is not concerned with this type of inequality and wishes to investigate moral inequality. He argues moral inequality is endemic to a civil society and relates to, and causes, differences in power and wealth. This type of inequality is established by convention. Rousseau appears to take a cynical view of civil society, where man has strayed from his natural state of isolation and consequent freedom to satisfy his individual needs and desires. In the work, Rousseau concludes that civil society is a trick perpetrated by the powerful on the weak in order to maintain their power or wealth. |
| moral inequality rousseau: The Social Contract, and Discourses Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1973 |
| moral inequality rousseau: Rousseau on Education, Freedom, and Judgment Denise Schaeffer, 2014-01-02 In Rousseau on Education, Freedom, and Judgment, Denise Schaeffer challenges the common view of Rousseau as primarily concerned with conditioning citizens’ passions in order to promote republican virtue and unreflective patriotism. Schaeffer argues that, to the contrary, Rousseau’s central concern is the problem of judgment and how to foster it on both the individual and political level in order to create the conditions for genuine self-rule. Offering a detailed commentary on Rousseau’s major work on education, Emile, and a wide-ranging analysis of the relationship between Emile and several of Rousseau’s other works, Schaeffer explores Rousseau’s understanding of what good judgment is, how it is learned, and why it is central to the achievement and preservation of human freedom. The model of Rousseauian citizenship that emerges from Schaeffer’s analysis is more dynamic and self-critical than is often recognized. This book demonstrates the importance of Rousseau’s contribution to our understanding of the faculty of judgment, and, more broadly, invites a critical reevaluation of Rousseau’s understanding of education, citizenship, and both individual and collective freedom. |
| moral inequality rousseau: The Institutions of Meaning Vincent Descombes, 2014-03-11 Holism maintains that a phenomenon is more than the sum of its parts. Yet analysis--a mental process crucial to comprehension--involves dismantling the whole to grasp it piecemeal and relationally. Wading through such quandaries, Vincent Descombes guides readers to a deepened appreciation of the entity that enables understanding: the human mind. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Democracy Ricardo Blaug, 2016-02-28 Put together specially for students of democracy, this invaluable reader gathers key statements from political thinkers, explained and contextualised with editorial commentaries. This new edition includes a new introduction, new sections and 29 new readings published since the first edition. Arranged into four sections "e; Traditional Affirmations of Democracy, Key Concepts, Critiques of Democracy and Contemporary Issues "e; it covers democratic thinking in a remarkably broad way. A general introduction highlights democracy's historical complexity and guides you through the current areas of controversy. The extensive bibliography follows the same structure as the text to help you deepen your study. |
| moral inequality rousseau: The Major Political Writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 2012-10-17 This “fresh new rendition of Rousseau’s major political writings is a boon for scholars and students alike”—with a critical introduction by the translator (Richard Boyd, Georgetown University). Individualist and communitarian. Anarchist and totalitarian. Progressive and reactionary. Since the eighteenth century, Jean-Jacques Rousseau has been called all of these things. Few philosophers have been the subject of such intense debate, yet almost everyone agrees that Rousseau is among the most important political thinkers in history. Renowned Rousseau scholar John T. Scott highlights his enduring influence with this superb new edition of his major political writings. This volume includes authoritative and lucid new translations of the Discourse on the Sciences and Arts, the Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality Among Men, and On the Social Contract. The two Discourses show Rousseau developing his well-known conception of the natural goodness of man and the problems posed by life in society. With the Social Contract, Rousseau became the first major thinker to argue that democracy is the only legitimate form of political organization. Scott’s extensive introduction enhances our understanding of these foundational writings, providing background information, social and historical context, and guidance for interpreting the works. Throughout, translation and editorial notes clarify ideas and terms that might not be immediately familiar to most readers. |
| moral inequality rousseau: The Legacy of Rousseau Clifford Orwin, Nathan Tarcov, 1997-03-29 Few thinkers have enjoyed so pervasive an influence as Rousseau, who originated dissatisfaction with modernity. By exploring polarities articulated by Rousseau—nature versus society, self versus other, community versus individual, and compassion versus competitiveness—these fourteen original essays show how his thought continues to shape our ways of talking, feeling, thinking, and complaining. The volume begins by taking up a central theme noted by the late Allan Bloom—Rousseau's critique of the bourgeois as the dominant modern human type and as a being fundamentally in contradiction, caught between the sentiments of nature and the demands of society. It then turns to Rousseau's crucial polarity of nature and society and to the later conceptions of history and culture it gave rise to. The third part surveys Rousseau's legacy in both domestic and international politics. Finally, the book examines Rousseau's contributions to the virtues that have become central to the current sensibility: community, sincerity, and compassion. Contributors include Allan Bloom, François Furet, Pierre Hassner, Christopher Kelly, Roger Masters, and Arthur Melzer. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the 'Well-Ordered Society' Maurizio Viroli, 1988 This book studies a central but hitherto neglected aspect of Rousseau's political thought: the concept of social order and its implications for the ideal society which he envisages. The antithesis between order and disorder is a fundamental theme in Rousseau's work, and the author takes it as the basis for this study. In contrast with a widely held interpretation of Rousseau's philosophy, Professor Viroli argues that natural and political order are by no means the same for Rousseau. He explores the differences and interrelations between the different types of order which Rousseau describes, and shows how the philosopher constructed his final doctrine of the just society, which can be based only on every citizen's voluntary and knowing acceptance of the social contract and on the promotion of virtue above ambition. The author also shows the extent of Rousseau's debt to the republican tradition, and above all to Machiavelli, and revises the image of Rousseau as a disciple of the natural-law school. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Men and Citizens Judith N. Shklar, 1985-04-18 Cambridge paperback library. First published 1969. Includes bibliographical references. 5. |
| moral inequality rousseau: Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature Bron Taylor, 2008-06-10 The Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, originally published in 2005, is a landmark work in the burgeoning field of religion and nature. It covers a vast and interdisciplinary range of material, from thinkers to religious traditions and beyond, with clarity and style. Widely praised by reviewers and the recipient of two reference work awards since its publication (see www.religionandnature.com/ern), this new, more affordable version is a must-have book for anyone interested in the manifold and fascinating links between religion and nature, in all their many senses. |
MORAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Ethics and morals are both used in the plural and are often regarded as synonyms, but there is some distinction in how they are used. Morals often describes one's particular values …
MORAL Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Moral definition: of, relating to, or concerned with the principles or rules of right conduct or the distinction between right and wrong; ethical.. See examples of MORAL used in a sentence.
MORAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MORAL definition: 1. relating to the standards of good or bad behaviour, fairness, honesty, etc. that each person…. Learn more.
Moral - definition of moral by The Free Dictionary
moral - the significance of a story or event; "the moral of the story is to love thy neighbor"
MORAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Moral means relating to beliefs about what is right or wrong. She had to make a moral judgment about what was the right thing to do. American English : moral / ˈmɔrəl /
What does moral mean? - Definitions.net
acting upon or through one's moral nature or sense of right, or suited to act in such a manner; as, a moral arguments; moral considerations. Sometimes opposed to material and physical; as, …
Morality - Wikipedia
In its descriptive sense, "morality" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores that are observed to be accepted by a significant number of individuals (not necessarily …
Morale vs. Moral: What's the Difference? - Grammarly
Morale vs. Moral: What's the Difference? The words morale and moral have distinct meanings and uses. Morale refers to the confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline of a person or group at …
Morality: Definition, Theories, and Examples - Verywell Mind
Apr 22, 2024 · Sometimes, acting in a moral manner means individuals must sacrifice their own short-term interests to benefit society. Individuals who go against these standards may be …
Moral Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
MORAL meaning: 1 : concerning or relating to what is right and wrong in human behavior; 2 : based on what you think is right and good
MORAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Ethics and morals are both used in the plural and are often regarded as synonyms, but there is some distinction in how they are used. Morals often describes one's particular values …
MORAL Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Moral definition: of, relating to, or concerned with the principles or rules of right conduct or the distinction between right and wrong; ethical.. See examples of MORAL used in a sentence.
MORAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MORAL definition: 1. relating to the standards of good or bad behaviour, fairness, honesty, etc. that each person…. Learn more.
Moral - definition of moral by The Free Dictionary
moral - the significance of a story or event; "the moral of the story is to love thy neighbor"
MORAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Moral means relating to beliefs about what is right or wrong. She had to make a moral judgment about what was the right thing to do. American English : moral / ˈmɔrəl /
What does moral mean? - Definitions.net
acting upon or through one's moral nature or sense of right, or suited to act in such a manner; as, a moral arguments; moral considerations. Sometimes opposed to material and physical; as, …
Morality - Wikipedia
In its descriptive sense, "morality" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores that are observed to be accepted by a significant number of individuals (not necessarily …
Morale vs. Moral: What's the Difference? - Grammarly
Morale vs. Moral: What's the Difference? The words morale and moral have distinct meanings and uses. Morale refers to the confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline of a person or group at a …
Morality: Definition, Theories, and Examples - Verywell Mind
Apr 22, 2024 · Sometimes, acting in a moral manner means individuals must sacrifice their own short-term interests to benefit society. Individuals who go against these standards may be …
Moral Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
MORAL meaning: 1 : concerning or relating to what is right and wrong in human behavior; 2 : based on what you think is right and good
