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| meaning of rationale in research: Empirical Direction in Design and Analysis Norman H. Anderson, 2001-07-01 The goal of Norman H. Anderson's new book is to help students develop skills of scientific inference. To accomplish this he organized the book around the Experimental Pyramid--six levels that represent a hierarchy of considerations in empirical investigation--conceptual framework, phenomena, behavior, measurement, design, and statistical inference. To facilitate conceptual and empirical understanding, Anderson de-emphasizes computational formulas and null hypothesis testing. Other features include: *emphasis on visual inspection as a basic skill in experimental analysis to help students develop an intuitive appreciation of data patterns; *exercises that emphasize development of conceptual and empirical application of methods of design and analysis and de-emphasize formulas and calculations; and *heavier emphasis on confidence intervals than significance tests. The book is intended for use in graduate-level experimental design/research methods or statistics courses in psychology, education, and other applied social sciences, as well as a professional resource for active researchers. The first 12 chapters present the core concepts graduate students must understand. The next nine chapters serve as a reference handbook by focusing on specialized topics with a minimum of technicalities. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Understanding and Evaluating Research Sue L. T. McGregor, 2017-10-25 Understanding and Evaluating Research: A Critical Guide shows students how to be critical consumers of research and to appreciate the power of methodology as it shapes the research question, the use of theory in the study, the methods used, and how the outcomes are reported. The book starts with what it means to be a critical and uncritical reader of research, followed by a detailed chapter on methodology, and then proceeds to a discussion of each component of a research article as it is informed by the methodology. The book encourages readers to select an article from their discipline, learning along the way how to assess each component of the article and come to a judgment of its rigor or quality as a scholarly report. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Second Language Needs Analysis Michael H. Long, 2005-11-03 No language teaching program should be designed without a thorough analysis of the students' needs. The studies in this volume explore Needs Analysis in the public, vocational and academic sectors, in contexts ranging from service encounters in coffee shops to foreign language needs assessment in the U.S. military. In each chapter, the authors explicitly discuss the methodoldogy they employed, and in some cases also offer research findings on that methodology. Several studies are task-based, making the collection of special interest to those involved in task-based language teaching. Contributions include work on English and other languages in both second and foreign language settings, as well as a comprehensive overview of methodological issues in Needs Analysis by the editor. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Assessing Meaning Making and Self-Authorship: Theory, Research, and Application Marcia B. Baxter Magolda, Patricia M. King, 2012-09-27 One reason so many students fail to achieve complex learning goals may be that they rely too heavily on others’ opinions about what to believe, who to be, and how to relate to others. The meaning-making capacity of self-authorship provides a basis from which to understand and learn from one’s experiences; without this, students are at a loss to know how to make intentional choices about what to believe and how to act. Similarly, without a means to access and assess students’ meaning making, researchers are at a disadvantage in deciding how to interpret students’ academic performance and other behaviors, and educators are at a disadvantage in translating findings into the design of new programs and services. This monograph is for those who are interested in understanding self-authorship and its assessment, and in using this approach in their own work. Drawing from well-established theories and extensive longitudinal research including nearly two thousand interviews, it offers a detailed account of how young adults’ capacities become more complex and adaptive over time. Those who understand the role of meaning making will be better able to document its effects on educational outcomes and provide better information to decision makers about program effectiveness. Each monograph in the series is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education problem, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Quantitative Research in Education Wayne K. Hoy, Curt M. Adams, 2015-07-22 The book provides a reference point for beginning educational researchers to grasp the most pertinent elements of designing and conducting research... —Megan Tschannen-Moran, The College of William & Mary Quantitative Research in Education: A Primer, Second Edition is a brief and practical text designed to allay anxiety about quantitative research. Award-winning authors Wayne K. Hoy and Curt M. Adams first introduce readers to the nature of research and science, and then present the meaning of concepts and research problems as they dispel notions that quantitative research is too difficult, too theoretical, and not practical. Rich with concrete examples and illustrations, the Primer emphasizes conceptual understanding and the practical utility of quantitative methods while teaching strategies and techniques for developing original research hypotheses. The Second Edition includes suggestions for empirical investigation and features a new section on self-determination theory, examples from the latest research, a concluding chapter illustrating the practical applications of quantitative research, and much more. This accessible Primer is perfect for students and researchers who want a quick understanding of the process of scientific inquiry and who want to learn how to effectively create and test ideas. |
| meaning of rationale in research: How-to Guide for Active Learning Alice Fornari, Ann Poznanski, 2021-05-21 This book focuses on large and small group educational settings and offers brief strategies to engage learners to assure active learning strategies are core to the learning environment. The book opens with an introduction on active learning principles. Each chapter follows with a specific description of a strategy written by authors who are experienced in using the strategy in a classroom environment with students. The chapters are designed to be accessible and practical for the reader to apply in their learning environments. |
| meaning of rationale in research: A Teacher's Guide to Classroom Research David Hopkins, 2014-10-16 A Teacher's Guide to Classroom Research 5E is a great 'one-stop' guide for trainee or qualified teachers looking to undertake classroom research. Through its friendly, supportive and authoritative approach, A Teacher's Guide to Classroom Research 5E tackles the big issues and questions of education research and offers a clear framework for doing classroom research. The updated fifth edition retains all the features that have made it so popular over the past thirty years - such as a rich range of insightful case studies demonstrating successful classroom research in practice - whilst offering expanded coverage of research methods and techniques. Key features include: How to get started on classroom research The principles and methods of classroom research for professional learning Interpreting and analyzing data Reporting classroom research Linking to teaching and learning Whether you are a trainee teacher undertaking some form of classroom-based research as an essential element of your teacher training course, or a qualified teacher doing research to explore and improve your practice, this classic and seminal text guides and supports you throughout the entire process from initial research idea to final dissemination. |
| meaning of rationale in research: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods Mike Allen, 2017-04-11 Communication research is evolving and changing in a world of online journals, open-access, and new ways of obtaining data and conducting experiments via the Internet. Although there are generic encyclopedias describing basic social science research methodologies in general, until now there has been no comprehensive A-to-Z reference work exploring methods specific to communication and media studies. Our entries, authored by key figures in the field, focus on special considerations when applied specifically to communication research, accompanied by engaging examples from the literature of communication, journalism, and media studies. Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets. In addition to expected entries covering the basics of theories and methods traditionally used in communication research, other entries discuss important trends influencing the future of that research, including contemporary practical issues students will face in communication professions, the influences of globalization on research, use of new recording technologies in fieldwork, and the challenges and opportunities related to studying online multi-media environments. Email, texting, cellphone video, and blogging are shown not only as topics of research but also as means of collecting and analyzing data. Still other entries delve into considerations of accountability, copyright, confidentiality, data ownership and security, privacy, and other aspects of conducting an ethical research program. Features: 652 signed entries are contained in an authoritative work spanning four volumes available in choice of electronic or print formats. Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping entries thematically to help students interested in a specific aspect of communication research to more easily locate directly related entries. Back matter includes a Chronology of the development of the field of communication research; a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and associations; a Glossary introducing the terminology of the field; and a detailed Index. Entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross-References to related entries to guide students further in their research journeys. The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross-References combine to provide robust search-and-browse in the e-version. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.), 2013-02-21 This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov) |
| meaning of rationale in research: Applied Research and Evaluation in Community Mental Health Services Evelyn Vingilis, Stephen A. State, 2011-02-10 The burden of mental illness on individuals, families, and communities has created profound challenges for our society. In recent years treatments and services for the mentally ill have moved almost exclusively to community settings, yet no comprehensive and progressive policies have emerged to counter stigmatizing and facilitate integration. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design John W. Creswell, Cheryl N. Poth, 2024-01-16 The ideal introduction to qualitative research′s theories, strategies, and practices, Creswell and Poth′s Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design explores five qualitative research approaches: narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study. Packed with updated content and examples, this Fifth Edition guides readers to select the best qualitative approach for their studies. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Handbook of Research Methods for Studying Daily Life Matthias R. Mehl, Tamlin S. Conner, 2013-10-01 Bringing together leading authorities, this unique handbook reviews the breadth of current approaches for studying how people think, feel, and behave in everyday environments, rather than in the laboratory. The volume thoroughly describes experience sampling methods, diary methods, physiological measures, and other self-report and non-self-report tools that allow for repeated, real-time measurement in natural settings. Practical guidance is provided to help the reader design a high-quality study, select and implement appropriate methods, and analyze the resulting data using cutting-edge statistical techniques. Applications across a wide range of psychological subfields and research areas are discussed in detail. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Completing Your Qualitative Dissertation: A Road Map From Beginning to End Linda Dale Bloomberg, Marie Volpe, 2012-04-26 This book fills a gap in the qualitative research literature by addressing one of the key challenges facing doctoral students: writing a dissertation. Authors Linda Dale Bloomberg and Marie Volpe distill years of experience into a first-of-its-kind, highly practical resource for graduate students. Blending the conceptual, theoretical, and practical, the book becomes a dissertation in action-a logical and cohesive explanation and illustration of content and process. This Second Edition offers doctoral students comprehensive guidance and accessible, practical tools for navigating each step of the qualitative dissertation journey. While key features that distinguish the book's unique approach are maintained, this edition responds to recent developments in the field. Elements new to the second edition include |
| meaning of rationale in research: Dissertation Research and Writing for Built Environment Students Shamil G. Naoum, 2019-05-14 Dissertation Research and Writing for Built Environment Students is a step-by-step guide to get students through their final year research project. Trusted and developed over three previous editions, the new fourth edition shows you how to select a dissertation topic, write a proposal, conduct a literature review, select the research approach, gather the data, analyse and present the information and ultimately produce a well-written dissertation. The book simplifies dissertation research and writing into a process involving a sequence of learnable activities and divides the process into three parts. Part One covers the necessary groundwork, including: identifying the problem, writing a proposal and reviewing the literature. Part Two covers the research design and includes: approaches and techniques for data collection and constructing and sampling a questionnaire. Part Three covers: measurement of data, analysis of data with SPSS, structuring and writing the whole dissertation, and supervision and assessment. This new edition is packed with updated examples and research samples, making this the ideal resource for students involved in research in built environment subjects such as construction management, construction project management, facilities management, real estate, building surveying, quantity surveying and civil engineering. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Public Relations Research Ansgar Zerfaß, A. A. van Ruler, Krishnamurthy Sriramesh, 2008-05-08 Introduction Sriramesh, Van Ruler & Zerfass Krishnamurthy Sriramesh, Betteke van Ruler & Ansgar Zerfass One could make a reasonable argument that public relations is an ancient practice (going back millennia) although it has been popularly perceived as a 20th century phenomenon. Scholarship in public relations, however, is more recent in origin with a history of less than four decades. During these formative years, the body of knowledge has expanded signi- cantly, which is laudable. However, there is potential for growth and improvement in many areas of the public relations literature. Over the decades, among other things, public re- tions scholarship has largely remained parochial to specific regions such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Latin America, German speaking Europe, etc. as evidenced in the bibliographic references of many essays in this volume itself where authors predo- nantly cite work from their own regions. This is often necessitated by linguistic differences with only English serving as the universal language that helps permeate knowledge through most regions. Pedagogical and methodological factors also have played a role in the regionalization of the body of knowledge. However, we believe that knowledge flo- ishes most when it is shared across different kinds of barriers. Globalization has made it essential for us to recognize this reality more than ever. This volume tries to bridge the gap and presents theories and concepts from researchers around the world. |
| meaning of rationale in research: The Register-Functional Approach to Grammatical Complexity Douglas Biber, Bethany Gray, Shelley Staples, Jesse Egbert, 2021-12-30 This collection brings together the authors' previous research with new work on the Register-Functional (RF) approach to grammatical complexity, offering a unified theoretical account for its further study. The book traces the development of the RF approach from its foundations in two major research strands of linguistics: the study of sociolinguistic variation and the text-linguistic study of register variation. Building on this foundation, the authors demonstrate the RF framework at work across a series of corpus-based research studies focused specifically on grammatical complexity in English. The volume highlights early work exploring patterns of grammatical complexity in present-day spoken and written registers as well as subsequent studies which extend this research to historical patterns of register variation and the application of RF research to the study of writing development for L1 and L2 English university students. Taken together, along with the addition of introductory chapters connecting the different studies, the volume offers readers with a comprehensive resource to better understand the RF approach to grammatical complexity and its implications for future research. The volume will appeal to students and scholars with research interests in either descriptive linguistics or applied linguistics, especially those interested in grammatical complexity and empirical, corpus-based approaches. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Designing Qualitative Research Catherine Marshall, Gretchen B. Rossman, 2006 With expanded coverage of ethics, analysis processes and approaches, the authors have updated their text to reflect advances and challenges. It features updated references and further reading sections, postscripts at the end of each chapter, and a guide to crafting a project from start to finish. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Transforming Scholarly Publishing with Blockchain Technologies and AI Darrell Wayne Gunter, 2020-10 This book explores the application of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in scholarly publishing-- |
| meaning of rationale in research: Doing Q Methodological Research Simon Watts, Paul Stenner, 2012-04-04 This book introduces the theory and practice of Q methodology. The authors explain the origins of Q methodology in factor analysis and the R methodological procedures, and go on to explain the theory behind Q as set out by the method's early pioneers. They also look at how Q deals with issues such as subjectivity, abduction and constructivism. The book shows readers how to set up, run, and analyze an effective study using Q methodology. Illustrated with examples and case studies throughout, the book offers advice on highly practical issues such as the conduct of fieldwork, working with participants, and good data management. |
| meaning of rationale in research: How to Write a Successful Research Grant Application Willo Pequegnat, Ellen Stover, 2013-03-09 The Department of Health and Human Services has identified Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as the foremost public health problem in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) report that, as of December 31, 1994, there were 441,528 documented cases of AIDS in this country, and the number is increasing. AIDS is an illness characterized by a defect in natural immunity against disease. Many more individuals are known to be infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) but do not have symptoms or the defming characteristics of AIDS. The incubation period for AIDS may range from 1 to 10 or more years in adults and 6 months to several years in children. Infected persons appear to be capable of transmitting infection indefinitely, even if they remain asymptomatic. In order to increase the number of minority investigators conducting research on HIV infection and 1 AIDS, NIMH conducted a 3h-day technical workshop for minority investigators on July 24-27. 1990, in Fairlakes, Virginia. University-based research programs were asked to nominate investigators who were selected on the basis of a referred 1 0-page prospectus for a proposed research project. This procedure was used because NIMH wanted to be sure that the prospective investigators were established in a research environment that would pr |
| meaning of rationale in research: Multiple Case Study Analysis Robert E. Stake, 2013-04-29 Examining situational complexity is a vital part of social and behavioral science research. This engaging text provides an effective process for studying multiple cases--such as sets of teachers, staff development sessions, or clinics operating in different locations--within one complex program. The process also can be used to investigate broadly occurring phenomena without programmatic links, such as leadership or sibling rivalry. Readers learn to design, analyze, and report studies that balance common issues across the group of cases with the unique features and context of each case. Three actual case reports from a transnational early childhood program illustrate the author's approach, and helpful reproducible worksheets facilitate multicase recording and analysis. |
| meaning of rationale in research: The Navy Chaplain , 1988 |
| meaning of rationale in research: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Animal Industry (ICESAI 2024) Irida Novianti, Suyadi Suyadi, Davina Boyd, Abdel Fawaz Bagoudou, Mashitah ShikhMaidin, Rizki Prafitri, 2025-05-19 This is an open access book. The 5th ICESAI aims to discuss issues related to the development of an eco-friendly and sustainable livestock industry using smart farming which is related to scientific research and how it is applied. The 5th ICESAI offers opportunities for the researchers and the livestock industry from all over the world to share experiences, learn and expand networking on several matters relating to the development of a sustainable and environmentally friendly livestock industry, especially with the implementation of smart farming. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Nursing and Nursing Education Institute of Medicine, Division of Health Care Services, 1983-02-01 Results are presented of a study of nursing and nursing education that focused on the need for continued federal support of nursing education, ways to attract nurses to medically underserved areas, and approaches to encourage nurses to stay in the profession. Findings are presented on whether the aggregate supply of generalist nurses will be sufficient to meet future demand, and how changes that could occur in the health care system might affect demand. Attention is also directed to: how the current and future supply of nurses may be influenced by the costs of nursing education and the sources of education financing; and education for generalist positions in nursing. In addition, the supply and demand situation for nurses educationally prepared for advanced professional positions in nursing is examined. The influence of employer policies and practices in utilization of nursing resources on demand and supply is also addressed. Finally, areas in which further data and studies are needed to better monitor nursing supply and demand are identified. In addition to 21 recommendations, appendices include information on Nursing Training Act appropriations, state reports on nursing issues, certificates for specialist registered nurses, projections of registered nurse supply and requirements, and doctoral programs in nursing. (SW) |
| meaning of rationale in research: Research Methods in Education Joseph Check, Russell K. Schutt, 2011-10-27 Research Methods in Education introduces research methods as an integrated set of techniques for investigating questions about the educational world. This lively, innovative text helps students connect technique and substance, appreciate the value of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, and make ethical research decisions. It weaves actual research stories into the presentation of research topics, and it emphasizes validity, authenticity, and practical significance as overarching research goals. The text is divided into three sections: Foundations of Research (5 chapters), Research Design and Data Collection (7 chapters), and Analyzing and Reporting Data (3 chapters). This tripartite conceptual framework honors traditional quantitative approaches while reflecting the growing popularity of qualitative studies, mixed method designs, and school-based techniques. This approach provides a comprehensive, conceptually unified, and well-written introduction to the exciting but complex field of educational research. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Dialogic Methodology for Transdisciplinary Practice-Based Research E. Jayne White, Mahtab Janfada, 2025-01-17 Dialogic methodology is a specific approach to research that invites creative engagement with plural voices and their meanings in lived experience. It draws from the writings of Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin who established an agenda for the study of dialogue. In Dialogic Methodology for Transdisciplinary Practice-Based Research, E. Jayne White and Mahtab Janfada introduce the premises, processes, and practices of dialogic methodology as a legitimised approach to the transdisciplinary study of practice. Drawing on a series of Bakhtin's original writings and dynamic interviews from dialogic scholars across the globe, the authors advocate approaches to research that invite speculative inquiry and even question the original assertions that oriented the issue in the first place. As White and Janfada set out an alternative pathway for scholars and students to contemplate the relevance of dialogism for their research, they offer an expansive possibility for contemplating issues, paradoxes, or problems across diverse practice contexts. They present their approach as an alternative methodological framework for research in educational contexts, emphasizing the subjectivities that support and/or thwart their effectiveness and purpose. Hence this methodology seeks points of departure from traditional object-subject based research 'on' or 'about' the other, to interdisciplinary investigations that determinedly bring all parties into investigation and inquiry. Synthesizing the latest research in the field and translating complex ideas into real life practice contexts, this book walks readers through the ins and outs of dialogic methodology, with a view of how to apply the approach to their own research and practice. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Resources in Education , 1984 |
| meaning of rationale in research: Participatory Research Dirk Schubotz, 2019-10-07 Going beyond a general introduction to offer a hands-on guide, Participatory Research empowers students to feel confident understanding and applying participatory methods to their research projects. It takes an accessible approach to explaining the theory that grounds participatory research and offers students practical strategies for how and when to choose and apply a wide range of these methods. Comprehensive yet easy to understand, this book: · Gives students a thorough grounding in the history and theoretical issues surrounding each method · Showcases participatory research in action through extensive on-the-ground case studies · Highlights the importance of ethics in research design, offering guidance on dealing with sensitive considerations in participatory research With a sustained focus on the impact of digital technologies, this book tackles head-on the need to re-assess the way we involve people in contemporary research. It is an essential guide to better research practice for students and researchers across the social sciences. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology , 2000 |
| meaning of rationale in research: Research on Nurse Staffing in Hospitals Eugene Levine, 1973 |
| meaning of rationale in research: Essentials of Consensual Qualitative Research Clara E. Hill, Sarah Knox, 2021 This concise, practical guide provides detailed advice on how to plan and conduct each phase of a consensual qualitative research (CQR) study, from selecting a topic to writing up results. CQR is an ideal method for studying a person's inner experiences or beliefs, permitting insights not usually possible using quantitative methods. The research examples, drawn from psychotherapy research, can easily be adapted to study a wide range of behavioral science topics. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Small Clinical Trials Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Strategies for Small-Number-Participant Clinical Research Trials, 2001-01-01 Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a large trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement. |
| meaning of rationale in research: ECRM 2017 16th European Conference on Research Methods in Business and Management Dr Anthony Buckley, 2017 |
| meaning of rationale in research: Qualitative Research Methods Sarah J. Tracy, 2019-08-05 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS THE DEFINITIVE STEP-BY-STEP RESOURCE FOR QUALITATIVE AND ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact is a comprehensive guide on both the theoretical foundations and practical application of qualitative methodology. Adopting a phronetic-iterative approach, this foundational book leads readers through the chronological progression of a qualitative research project, from designing a study and collecting and analyzing data to developing theories and effectively communicating the results–allowing readers to employ qualitative methods in their projects as they follow each chapter. Coverage of topics such as qualitative theories, ethics, sampling, interview techniques, qualitative quality, and advice on practical fieldwork provides clear and concise guidance on how to design and conduct sound research projects. Easy-to-follow instructions on iterative qualitative data analysis explain how to organize, code, interpret, make claims, and build theory. Throughout, the author offers her own backstage stories about fieldwork, analysis, drafting, writing, and publishing, revealing the emotional and humorous aspects of practicing qualitative methods. Now in its second edition, this thorough and informative text includes new and expanded material covering post-qualitative research, phenomenology, textual analysis and cultural studies, gaining access to elite and difficult to access populations, persuasive writing, novel interviewing approaches, and more. Numerous examples, case studies, activities, and discussion questions have been updated to reflect current research and ensure contemporary relevance. Written in an engaging and accessible narrative style by an acclaimed scholar and researcher Offers new and updated examples of coding and qualitative analysis, full-color photos and illustrations, and a companion instructor website Synthesizes the most up-to-date multidisciplinary literature on qualitative research methods including seven main approaches to qualitative inquiry: grounded theory, case study, ethnography and ethnography of communication, phenomenology, narrative inquiry and autoethnography, participatory action research, and creative, performative, and arts-based research Presents innovative qualitative data collection methods and modern representation strategies, such as virtual ethnography, photovoice, and mobile interviewing Qualitative Research Methods: Collecting Evidence, Crafting Analysis, Communicating Impact is an ideal resource for undergraduate and graduate students, instructors, and faculty across multiple disciplines including the social sciences, healthcare, education, management, and the humanities, and for practitioners seeking expert guidance on practical qualitative methods. |
| meaning of rationale in research: The meanings of Inclusion in cross-cultural contexts John Igbino, 2012-04-04 Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2010 in the subject Pedagogy - Adult Education, University of London (Goldsmiths College), course: Education, language: English, abstract: The focus of the research in this thesis concerns the meanings of inclusion. The thesis explores the meanings of inclusion within the post-compulsory education policy subsystem of the national education policy system. The thesis uses ethnographic analysis of policy documents, ethnographic interviews and surveys to explore the meanings of inclusion and the experiences of learners, teachers, College policy-makers, curriculum managers and course co-ordinators together with the factors that influence those meanings and experiences in the cross-cultural contexts of further education colleges. The thesis begins with a critical review of theoretical models of inclusion before embarking on historical explorations of the evolution of inclusive policy 1945 – 2010 and thence the meanings of inclusion from the perspectives of adult learners, teachers, College policy-makers, curriculum managers and course co-ordinators. From the results of the analysis of ethnographic interviews, surveys and documents it was found that the meanings of inclusion, the experiences of inclusion and the factors that influenced these meanings and experiences were varied and contested. The thesis argues that irrespective of the variability and contests there is a common thread running through the various meanings. The common thread which the thesis argues runs through the meanings centre on the answers to the question: inclusion into what? It was found that colleges manipulate and adjust learners to curricular programmes in order to meet the recruitment, retention, achievement, and progression targets set by the Learning and Skills Council (LSC). The thesis argues that the physical environment and the layout and the level of technology and teaching aids in the classroom are not material to the meanings of inclusion to adult learners and teachers. Instead the thesis creates new arguments based on four behavioural, principles namely, Honesty, Order, Obedience and Diligence (HOOD), concerning the centrality of primary educational goals, primary, secondary and circumstantial educational factors to the meanings of inclusion. The thesis defines how ethical dilemmas have led to perceptive distortions of the professional identity of teachers. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Doing Research in the Real World David E Gray, 2013-11-12 Available with free access to the interactive eBook* for 12 months when you buy the paperback version (ISBN 9781446295311 only), this is the companion for any student undertaking a research project. Click on the icons in the margins of the eBook to access a wealth of resources including: Video Content Chapter introductions and top tips from the author along with tried and tested open access videos on YouTube introduce you to key chapter contents Datasets Play around with real data in SPSS and put your statistics knowledge into practice Weblinks Direct you to real world examples to broaden your knowledge Checklists Guide you through a specific research process such as running a focus group or conducting an interview Further Reading Link you to a range of resources to deepen your understanding of a topic However you access the content the Third Edition guides you smoothly through the research process from start to finish setting out the skills needed to design and conduct effective research and introduces the reader to the reality of conducting research in the real world. It gives practical advice on how best to select appropriate projects, design strategies, sources and methods and provides the tools needed to collect, analyze and present data. Applicable to any discipline and firmly rooted in the practicalities of research there are new and exciting chapters on: - Using SPSS for quantitative data analysis - Sampling strategies in quantitative and qualitative research - Approaches to secondary analysis - Using focus groups - Ethnography and participant observation (*interactivity only available through Vitalsource eBook) Available with Perusall—an eBook that makes it easier to prepare for class Perusall is an award-winning eBook platform featuring social annotation tools that allow students and instructors to collaboratively mark up and discuss their SAGE textbook. Backed by research and supported by technological innovations developed at Harvard University, this process of learning through collaborative annotation keeps your students engaged and makes teaching easier and more effective. Learn more. |
| meaning of rationale in research: The Literature Review Diana Ridley, 2012-07-31 This Second Edition of Diana Ridley’s bestselling guide to the literature review outlines practical strategies for reading and note taking, and guides the reader on how to conduct a systematic search of the available literature, and uses cases and examples throughout to demonstrate best practice in writing and presenting the review. New to this edition are examples drawn from a wide range of disciplines, a new chapter on conducting a systematic review, increased coverage of issues of evaluating quality and conducting reviews using online sources and online literature and enhanced guidance in dealing with copyright and permissions issues. |
| meaning of rationale in research: How to Use Psychological Research Amanda Morris, Tracey Elder, 2024-09-25 Knowing how to find, analyse, and write about research papers is a foundational skill of your psychology degree that will set you up to ace your assessments. This book equips you with the skills, knowledge, and confidence to effectively use psychological research in your essays and reports. Using annotated examples and written in an accessible and interactive style that presumes no prior knowledge of psychology, it demonstrates how to glean exactly what you need from research papers to convey your points without getting side-tracked, allowing you to showcase your understanding of key concepts. How to Use Psychological Research is essential reading at the start of your degree and a useful guide for assessments throughout your studies. Amanda Morris is a Lecturer in Psychology at the University of Essex and an Associate Lecturer at the Open University. Tracey Elder is a Senior Lecturer and Staff Tutor at the Open University. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Acute Care Oncology Nursing Cynthia C. Chernecky, Kathleen Murphy-Ende, 2008-04-24 As the likely first responder in an emergency, you need quick access to essential information on the potential complications of many different cancer types and treatments. The new edition of this trusted resource provides up-to-date information on the pathophysiology, complications, risks, treatment approaches, prognosis, assessment findings, and nursing and medical interventions for a wide range of cancers. It also offers valuable information to help you fulfill your role as care coordinator and patient advocate, including client education guidelines, discharge procedures, and strategies for helping the client and family deal with the impact of the disease's progression. A consistent format throughout helps you quickly find the information you need, no matter what the topic. This indispensable reference is written and reviewed by both oncology and acute care nurses, ensuring accuracy, currency, and clinical relevance. Coverage of each cancer includes pathophysiologic mechanisms, epidemiology and etiology, risk profile, prognosis, professional assessment criteria (PAC), nursing care and treatment, evidence-based practice update, patient teaching, nursing diagnoses or DSM-IV, evaluation and desired outcomes, and discharge planning with follow-up care, where needed. The latest prognosis statistics give you a realistic picture of the survival possibilities for your patients so you can provide the most appropriate nursing care and patient education. Multiple-choice review questions with answers and rationales at the end of each chapter help reinforce your understanding of key concepts and prepare you for certification examinations. Special boxes highlight pediatric-specific care considerations for working with children. Six new chapters - Biliary and Pancreatic Obstruction, Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction, Dyspnea and Airway Obstruction, GI Obstruction, Heart Failure, and Spiritual Distress - keep you up to date with the latest advances in oncology nursing. Evidence-based rationales in the nursing interventions help you apply the latest research findings to actual practice. Each chapter includes a new section on pathophysiology to help you understand the physiologic processes associated with each oncologic complication. |
| meaning of rationale in research: Research in Practice Martin Terre Blanche, Martin J. Terre Blanche, Kevin Durrheim, Desmond Painter, 2006 A major shift in research methodology from technical to more contextual and pragmatic approaches, this thorough resource incorporates new trends while also providing comprehensive coverage of the full range of established research approaches and techniques, skillfully combining epistemology, methodology, statistics, and application in a volume that is both sophisticated and practical. Placing a greater emphasis on interdisciplinary and applied research skills, this guide encourages the concurrent use of qualitative and quantitative methods and explores such complex topics as ethical issues in social science research; inferential statistical methods; and Marxist, feminist, and black scholarship perspectives. |
List of mathematical symbols - Simple English Wikipedia, the …
∞ is a symbol used to represent unending amounts. Either plus or minus depending on the situation. If y= [+|-]x then x is either positive or negative depending on the situation. y= [+|-]x y …
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Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words
3 days ago · The world's leading online dictionary: English definitions, synonyms, word origins, example sentences, word games, and more. A trusted authority for 25+ years!
Cambridge Dictionary | English Dictionary, Translations & Thesaurus
(The language of feeling foolish) a route, often covering a long distance, that people buying and selling goods often used in the past. Or, browse the Cambridge Dictionary index. Free word …
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An unsurpassed guide for researchers in any discipline to the meaning, history, and usage of over 500,000 words and phrases across the English-speaking world. Glossaries, abbreviations, …
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MEANING definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
The meaning of something such as a word, symbol, or gesture is the thing that it refers to or the message that it conveys.
MEANING Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MEANING is the thing one intends to convey especially by language : purport. How to use meaning in a sentence.
English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MEANING definition: 1. The meaning of something is what it expresses or represents: 2. importance or value: 3. The…. Learn more.
List of mathematical symbols - Simple English Wikipedia, t…
∞ is a symbol used to represent unending amounts. Either plus or minus depending on the situation. If …
Merriam-Webster: America's Most Trusted Dictionary
Find definitions for over 300,000 words from the most authoritative English dictionary. Continuously updated …
Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words
3 days ago · The world's leading online dictionary: English definitions, synonyms, word origins, example …
Cambridge Dictionary | English Dictionary, Translations & Th…
(The language of feeling foolish) a route, often covering a long distance, that people buying and selling goods …
Google Translate
Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over …
