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| marginal efficiency of investment: The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money John Maynard Keynes, 2018-07-20 This book was originally published by Macmillan in 1936. It was voted the top Academic Book that Shaped Modern Britain by Academic Book Week (UK) in 2017, and in 2011 was placed on Time Magazine's top 100 non-fiction books written in English since 1923. Reissued with a fresh Introduction by the Nobel-prize winner Paul Krugman and a new Afterword by Keynes’ biographer Robert Skidelsky, this important work is made available to a new generation. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money transformed economics and changed the face of modern macroeconomics. Keynes’ argument is based on the idea that the level of employment is not determined by the price of labour, but by the spending of money. It gave way to an entirely new approach where employment, inflation and the market economy are concerned. Highly provocative at its time of publication, this book and Keynes’ theories continue to remain the subject of much support and praise, criticism and debate. Economists at any stage in their career will enjoy revisiting this treatise and observing the relevance of Keynes’ work in today’s contemporary climate. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money John Maynard Keynes, 1989 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Macroeconomics, 20e Ahuja H.L., 2022-03 This textbook acquaints the students with the latest trends and tendencies in macroeconomics analysis and policy. It keeps in view the macroeconomic |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Modern Economics An Analytical Study, 20th Edition Ahuja H.L., 2016 In its 20th edition, this trusted definitive text is a comprehensive treatise on modern economics. It discusses in detail microeconomics, macroeconomics, monetary theory and policy, international economics, public finance and fiscal policy and above all economics of growth and development. The book has been exhaustively revised to provide students an in-depth understanding of the fundamental concepts and is streamlined to focus on current topics and developments in the field. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Principles of Macroeconomics: Ahuja H.L., this textbook thoroughly explains the principles of macroeconomics. It provides insights into the important macroeconomic issues, such as determination of output, employment, interest rates and inflation. This textbook discusses Classical and Keynesian theories of macroeconomics as well as aptly incorporates Post-Keynesian developments in various aspects of macroeconomics. Further it discusses, at appropriate places, the relevance and applicability of various macroeconomic theories for the developing countries. This textbook also explains and critically evaluates the post-Keynesian theories of consumption function namely, Kuznets consumption function, Modiglianis life cycle hypothesis and much more. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Macro Economic Analysis , 1981 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Money, Investment and Consumption O. F. Hamouda, 2011-01-01 Professor Hamouda s book is very timely and thought provoking and should be an eye opener for students of economics who were brought up in the anti-Keynesian last decades of the twentieth century, or were taught the garbled rather than updated revived Keynesianism which has recently become popular. Y.S. Brenner, Retired Professor of Economics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Contrary to the commonly perpetuated belief that Keynes s theory is appropriate only to economic depressions, the author of this provocative book maintains that Keynes provided a complete set of macroeconomic relations and the ingredients of a new theoretical model, much more reflective of and analytically appropriate to the 21st century than those on which current macroeconomics is based. With the perspective of Keynes as the backdrop, the author begins with a discussion of the characteristics of the financial crises of 2008 and the 1930s. He then goes on to show that Keynes provided a novel, general theory, constructed as the EC-SP model (different from that of the Classicals Labour Theory of Value model and the neoClassicals antithetical IS-LM model), a theory yet unrecognized as being behind both A Treatise on Money and The General Theory. He presents here the premises of Keynes s contributions which still await use by a generation of economists to reassess macroeconomics and orient it in a new direction. This unique and authoritative look at Keynes s body of work will be an essential read for scholars and students of economics. Anyone trying to understand the state of the entrepreneurial economy , of which the 2008 financial crisis is but one manifestation prone to recurrence, will find the work an important resource. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Managerial Economics (Analysis of Managerial Decision Making), 9th Edition Ahuja H.L., 2022 Widely acknowledged, this popular and detailed text is a comprehensive treatise on Managerial Economics both micro and macro-economic aspects. This text ensures a thorough understanding of core concepts before advancing to provide an expanded treatment of topics. It explains the economic environment and the impact on managerial decisions regarding price & output determination in different market structures followed by an account of the behaviour of individuals under conditions of uncertainty. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The General Theory Professor Geoffrey Harcourt, Peter Riach, 2006-08-23 Keynes always intended to write 'footnotes' to his masterwork The General Theory, which would take account of the criticisms made of it and allow him to develop and refine his ideas further. However, a number of factors combined to prevent him from doing so before his death in 1946. A wide range of Keynes scholars - including James Tobin, Paul Davidson and Lord Skidelsky - have written here the 'footnotes' that Keynes never did. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: John Maynard Keynes Charles Robert McCann, 1998 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Advanced Study in Money and Banking Perminder Khanna, 2005 The Book Advanced Study In Money & Banking : Theory & Policy Relevance In The Indian Economy Is A Complete Treatise On Banking And Global Financial Developments With Special Reference To Dmcs And The Indian Economy. It Provides An Invaluable, Up-To-Date And Refreshing Approach To Key Development Issues Pertaining To Monetary Theory, Banking, And Policy Matters. The Theoretical, Institutional And Historical Approaches Have Been Skilfully Integrated To Explore And Elucidate The Interrelationships Of Money And Banking And The Functioning Of The Economy As A Whole. The Analytical Study Of The Main Operational Ratios Of Banks For The Period 1998 To 2003 Gives An Overview Of The Bank Street Scenario. In Its Wide Perspective, The Book Includes A Comprehensive Study Of Banking And Information Technology, Mechanism Of International Payments, And International Monetary Policies And Monetary Cooperation. Above All, Against The Backdrop Of Economic Uncertainty And The Low Ebb In Economic Activity, Volatility In Stock Markets And Significant Fluctuations In Major Currencies Of The World, The Indian Monetary Policy During The Period Of 1952-2003 Has Been Extensively Discussed. Simple Graphs And Up-To-Date Economic Models Provided In The Book Enable The Readers To Have An Easy And Accurate Understanding Of The Subject.The Book Would Be Of Great Interest And Use For Students And Teachers Of Economics, Commerce And Business Management. The Bankers And Legislators Concerned With Monetary And Banking Policies Would Find The Book Highly Useful. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Modern Economic Theory Dewett K.K. & Navalur M.H., 2010 Modern Economic Theory is a critique on how monetary revolution across the globe is changing the course of world economies, financial systems and markets. Beginning with discussion on price theory and microeconomics, this classic textbook progresses to describe comprehensively, theory of income and employability or macroeconomics, money and banking, international economies and public finance. Economic systems, economics of development and planning and economies of welfare provide a clear idea about recent developments in and criticism of compensation principle, market structures and social welfare. It adequately meets the requirements of the BA and B.Com courses (Pass and Honours). In addition, postgraduate students of Arts and Commerce and aspirants of various competitive examinations will also find the book very useful and informative. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: A "second Edition" of The General Theory Geoffrey Colin Harcourt, P. A. Riach, 1997 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The Macroeconomic Effects of Public Investment Mr.Abdul Abiad, Davide Furceri, Petia Topalova, 2015-05-04 This paper provides new evidence of the macroeconomic effects of public investment in advanced economies. Using public investment forecast errors to identify the causal effect of government investment in a sample of 17 OECD economies since 1985 and model simulations, the paper finds that increased public investment raises output, both in the short term and in the long term, crowds in private investment, and reduces unemployment. Several factors shape the macroeconomic effects of public investment. When there is economic slack and monetary accommodation, demand effects are stronger, and the public-debt-to-GDP ratio may actually decline. Public investment is also more effective in boosting output in countries with higher public investment efficiency and when it is financed by issuing debt. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Introductory Economics Course Companion Barry Harrison, 1993-11-11 This book has been written to meet the needs of the A-level economics candidate. Although free standing, it will be particularly useful when used as a supplement to the text Introductory Economics. It provides a brief but thorough coverage of the A-level syllabus and highlights the most common mistakes made by A-level candidates. Almost every chapter includes full and comprehensive answers to recent examination questions. It will be an essential guide to all students of economics A-level. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Macroeconomics and New Macroeconomics Bernhard Felderer, Stefan Homburg, 1992-08-21 This book gives a comprehensive account of traditional and more recent developments in macroeconomic theory. It is written primarily for students at the intermediate level. The book differs from the customary expositions in that the authors do not discuss topic by topic but orthodoxy by orthodoxy. Thus, the main approaches, like Classical theory, Keynesian theory, theory of portfolio selection, Monetarism, Rational Expectations theory, and Neokeynesian disequilibrium theory are presented in historical order. Each of these approaches is substantiated and criticized in a self-contained chapter, and the authors have taken great pains to bring out the relations and differences between them. A mathematical appendix reviews those mathematical facts which are especially important for macroeconomic models and serves to make the text easy to read. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: First Principles of Economics Richard G. Lipsey, Colin Harbury, 1992 Introduction to economics for complete beginners |
| marginal efficiency of investment: MACROECONOMIC THEORY M. MARIA JOHN KENNEDY, 2011-02-12 Macroeconomic theories were designed to cope up with the economic turmoil, such as Great Depression, so as to stabilize the economy. This book comprehensively explains the broad aggregates and their interactions such as national income and output, the unemployment rate, and price inflation, and sub-aggregates like total consumption and investment spending, and their components. Divided into six parts, the textbook elaborates various aspects of macro-economics—circular flow and its effects on national income, monetary theory, business cycle theory and macroeconomic policies—in detail. The book makes clear the difference between three approaches to economics—Keynesian economics, which focuses on demand; New-classical economics, which is based on rational expectations and efficient markets; and Innova-tion economics, which is focused on long run growth through innovation. A prominent feature of this text is the use of simple algebraic expressions and formulations to reinforce analytical expositions of complex macroeconomic theories in students. The book also explicates how macroeconomic models and their forecasts can be utilized by both governments and large corporations to assist in the development and evaluation of economic policy. The chapters are incorporated with real-life examples giving practical insight on the subject. Primarily intended for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of economics, this book can also be beneficial for the students opting for the courses in commerce. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Investing in Public Investment Mr.Chris Papageorgiou, Zac Mills, Ms.Era Dabla-Norris, Mr.Jim Brumby, Ms.Annette Kyobe, 2011-02-01 This paper introduces a new index that captures the institutional environment underpinning public investment management across four different stages: project appraisal, selection, implementation, and evaluation. Covering 71 countries, including 40 low-income countries, the index allows for benchmarking across regions and country groups and for nuanced policy-relevant analysis and identification of specific areas where reform efforts could be prioritized. Potential research venues are outlined. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Economic Development and Planning Spencer Rogers & Sammy Gentry, 2018-04-07 Economic development transforms a traditional dual-system society into a productive framework in which everyone contributes and from which receives benefits accordingly. Economic development occurs when all segments of the society benefit from the fruits of economic growth through economic efficiency and equity. Economic efficiency will be present with minimum negative externalities to society, including agency, transaction, secondary and opportunity costs. An economic development plan is a carefully built framework that's long-term in scope. It's used to help communities across diverse situations. When planning for economic development, the goal is to create and maintain a strong, vibrant local economy. Local government economic development planning is part of a region's overall economic development strategy and involves intergovernmental coordination. The economic development plan provides a comprehensive overview of the economy, sets policy direction for economic growth, and identifies strategies, programs, and projects to improve the economy. Economic planning, the process by which key economic decisions are made or influenced by central governments. It contrasts with the laissez-faire approach that, in its purest form, eschews any attempt to guide the economy, relying instead on market forces to determine the speed, direction, and nature of economic evolution. Finally, the author reminiscences on the excitement that was aroused during the initial period of development planning as well as decline in the expectations from the planning process and its importance. This book imparts the basic information about the economic development and planning of the world. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Business Economics [SBS Pune] HL Ahuja, Business Economics [SBS Pune] |
| marginal efficiency of investment: A History of Economic Thought, 10th Edition Lokanathan V., This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the origin and development of economic thought from the ancient times to the present day. It documents the contributions of major thinkers from the time of Hebrews to Maurice Dobb, and the perspectives that influenced the economic thought. The book also provides an account of the recent trends in Indian economic thought and will be of interest and relevance to all students and scholars of the subject. It covers the syllabus of economic thought of major Indian universities. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR BUSINESS DECISIONS Dr. Padmalochana Bisoyi, Dr. Rijwan Ahmed Mushtak Ahmed Shaikh, 2023-11-01 Buy Economic Analysis for Business Decisions e-Book for Mba 1st Semester in English language specially designed for SPPU ( Savitribai Phule Pune University ,Maharashtra) By Thakur publication. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Administered Prices United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, 1961 Examines the impact of administered prices in concentrated industries on the cost of living. Also compares market pricing mechanisms of agricultural industries with administered pricing practices of manufacturing industries. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Government Spending Effects in Low-income Countries Ms.Wenyi Shen, Ms.Susan S. Yang, Luis-Felipe Zanna, 2015-12-30 Despite the voluminous literature on fiscal policy, very few papers focus on low-income countries (LICs). This paper develops a new-Keynesian small open economy model to show, analytically and through simulations, that some of the prevalent features of LICs—different types of financing including aid, the marginal efficiency of public investment, and the degree of home bias—play a key role in determining the effects of fiscal policy and related multipliers in these countries. External financing like aid increases the resource envelope of the economy, mitigating the private sector crowding out effects of government spending and pushing up the output multiplier. The same external financing, however, tends to appreciate the real exchange rate and as a result, traded output can respond quite negatively, reducing the overall output multiplier. Although capital scarcity implies high returns to public capital in LICs, declines in public investment efficiency can substantially dampen the output multiplier. Since LICs often import substantial amounts of goods, public investment may not be as effective in stimulating domestic production in the short run. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Economics Class 12 Dr. Anupam Agarwal, Mrs. Sharad Agarwal, 2023-03-24 Part A : Introductory Micro Economics 1.Micro Economics : An Introduction, 2. Central Problems of an Economy, 3. Consumer’s Equilibrium, 4. Demand and Law of Demand, 5. Price Elasticity of Demand, 6. Production Function : Returns to a Factor and Returns to Scale, 7. Production Costs, 8. Concepts of Revenue, 9. Producer’s Equilibrium : Meaning and Conditions, 10. Supply and Law of Supply, 11. Elasticity of Supply, 12. Different Forms of Market : Meaning and Features, 13. Market Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition and Effects of Shifts in Demand & Supply, 14. Simple Applications of Tools of Demand and Supply, Part B : Introductory Macro Economics 15. Macro Economics : Meaning, 16. Circular Flow of Income, 17. Concepts and Aggregates related to National Income, 18. Measurement of National Income, 19. Money : Meaning, Evolution and Functions, 20. Commercial Banks and Credit Creation, 21. Central Bank : Meaning and Functions, 22. Recent Significant Reforms and Issues in Indian Banking System : Privatisation and Modernisation, 23. Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply and Related Concepts (Propensity to Consume, Propensity to Save and Investment), 24. Short Run Equilibrium Output, 25. Investment Multiplier and its Mechanism, 26. Problems of Deficient and Excess Demand, 27. Measures to Correct Deficient Demand and Excess Demand, 28. Government Budget and Economy, 29. Foreign Exchange Rate, 30. Balance of Payment Accounts : Meaning and Components. Model Paper Board Examination Papers |
| marginal efficiency of investment: , |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Public Sector Activity in Capital Accumulation and Synthesis of Capital Fractions Kargi, Bilal, 2024-08-06 The role of public sector activity in capital accumulation and fraction synthesis assists with economic development, public policy, and sustainable growth. By strategically investing in areas like infrastructure, education, healthcare, and public transit, governments aim to facilitate human capital and increase business profits. As more governments and companies aim for improved economic activity, improved research is required to explore the pivotal role of cohesive frameworks for capital accumulation, while understanding the various fractions of capital. Public Sector Activity in Capital Accumulation and Synthesis of Capital Fractions explores the complexities surrounding privatization, offering a critical and historically informed perspective that challenges the limited view presented by mainstream economics. This book covers topics such as accumulation theories, capitalism, and public property, and is a useful resource for economists, academicians, researchers, scientists, business owners, and historians. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Administered Prices: pt.27. Price fixing and bid rigging in the electrical manufacturing industry. April 13, 14, 17-20, 25-28, May 2, 1961. pp. 16507-17200. pt.28. Price fixing and bid rigging in the electrical manufacturing industry. May, 3-5, 10, 11, 16-18, June 5, 6, 22, 23, 1961. pp. 17201-17966. pt.29. Public policy on administered prices. May 21-23, 1963. pp. 17967-18214 United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, 1957 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Economics Class XII - SBPD Publications [2022-23] Dr. Anupam Agarwal. , Mrs. Sharad Agarwal, 2022-02-15 Part A : Introductory Micro Economics 1.Micro Economics : An Introduction, 2. Central Problems of an Economy, 3. Consumer’s Equilibrium, 4. Demand and Law of Demand, 5. Price Elasticity of Demand, 6. Production Function : Returns to a Factor and Returns to Scale, 7. Production Costs, 8. Concepts of Revenue, 9. Producer’s Equilibrium : Meaning and Conditions, 10. Supply and Law of Supply, 11. Elasticity of Supply, 12. Different Forms of Market : Meaning and Features, 13. Market Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition and Effects of Shifts in Demand & Supply, 14. Simple Applications of Tools of Demand and Supply, Part B : Introductory Macro Economics 15. Macro Economics : Meaning, 16. Circular Flow of Income, 17. Concepts and Aggregates related to National Income, 18. Measurement of National Income, 19. Money : Meaning, Evolution and Functions, 20. Commercial Banks and Credit Creation, 21. Central Bank : Meaning and Functions, 22. Recent Significant Reforms and Issues in Indian Banking System : Privatisation and Modernisation, 23. Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply and Related Concepts (Propensity to Consume, Propensity to Save and Investment), 24. Short Run Equilibrium Output, 25. Investment Multiplier and its Mechanism, 26. Problems of Deficient and Excess Demand, 27. Measures to Correct Deficient Demand and Excess Demand, 28. Government Budget and Economy, 29. Foreign Exchange Rate, 30. Balance of Payment Accounts : Meaning and Components. Model Paper Board Examination Papers |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Economics Class XII by Dr. Anupam Agarwal, Mrs. Sharad Agarwal (SBPD Publications) Dr. Anupam Agarwal, Mrs. Sharad Agarwal, 2021-07-06 Strictly according to the latest syllabus prescribed by Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), Delhi and State Boards of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Haryana, H.P. etc. & Navodaya, Kasturba, Kendriya Vidyalayas etc. following CBSE curriculum based on NCERT guidelines. Part A : Introductory Micro Economics 1.Micro Economics : An Introduction, 2. Central Problems of an Economy, 3. Consumer’s Equilibrium, 4. Demand and Law of Demand, 5. Price Elasticity of Demand, 6. Production Function : Returns to a Factor and Returns to Scale, 7. Production Costs, 8. Concepts of Revenue, 9. Producer’s Equilibrium : Meaning and Conditions, 10. Supply and Law of Supply, 11. Elasticity of Supply, 12. Different Forms of Market : Meaning and Features, 13. Market Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition and Effects of Shifts in Demand & Supply, 14. Simple Applications of Tools of Demand and Supply, Part B : Introductory Macro Economics 15. Macro Economics : Meaning, 16. Circular Flow of Income, 17. Concepts and Aggregates related to National Income, 18. Measurement of National Income, 19. Money : Meaning, Evolution and Functions, 20. Commercial Banks and Credit Creation, 21. Central Bank : Meaning and Functions, 22. Recent Significant Reforms and Issues in Indian Banking System : Privatisation and Modernisation, 23. Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply and Related Concepts (Propensity to Consume, Propensity to Save and Investment), 24. Short Run Equilibrium Output, 25. Investment Multiplier and its Mechanism, 26. Problems of Deficient and Excess Demand, 27. Measures to Correct Deficient Demand and Excess Demand, 28. Government Budget and Economy, 29. Foreign Exchange Rate, 30. Balance of Payment Accounts : Meaning and Components. Model Paper Board Examination Papers |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The Economics of John Maynard Keynes Dudley Dillard, 2018-09-03 The Economics of John Maynard Keynes: The Theory of Monetary Economy by Dudley Dillard seeks to make The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money by John Maynard Keynes understandable to both the economist and to the non-economist. First published in 1948 and since translated into over 10 languages, Dr. Dillard’s book has been widely regarded as the seminal scholarship on the monetary aspects of Keynesian economics. In addition to explaining the economic theories of Keynes, Dillard also includes a chapter on Keynes’s philosophical development and the “social philosophy toward which it leads.” Throughout the book, Dillard provides summaries and examines Keynes’ concepts on employment, income, saving, marginal propensity to consume, the investment multiplier, fiscal policy, post-war inflation, interest, and wages. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The Economics of Keynes and Uncertainty in Theory Keun H. Lee, 2023-12-19 Modern academic and political establishments generally accept Keynesian economics as the primary theoretical work regarding The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money by John Maynard Keynes. However, the discipline of economics has been unable to fully understand Keynes’s ideas, even after almost a century of intense scrutiny since its publication in 1936. This book argues that this is due to the field’s failure to recognize the central theme of Keynes’s ideas, uncertainty. When people do not have all the relevant information on which to base their decisions, they can only act in ways which they believe are in their best interest, or fall back on conventions. Keynes’s work elucidates the conventions which people fall back on to cope with uncertainty in economic life. With this in mind, this book builds upon Keynes’s ideas on uncertainty and conventions, and offers an alternative view of Keynes’s work, which constitutes the foundation of modern economics. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Rethinking the Keynesian Revolution Tyler Beck Goodspeed, 2012-07-26 While standard accounts of the 1930s debates surrounding economic thought pit John Maynard Keynes against Friedrich von Hayek in a clash of ideology, this dichotomy is in many respects superficial. This book argues that both Keynes and Hayek developed their theories of the business cycle within the tradition of Knut Wicksell. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Macroeconomics K.R. Gupta, R.K. Mandal & Amita Gupta, 2008 |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Introduction to Keynesian Dynamics Kenneth K. Kurihara, 2025-05-30 First published in 1956, Introduction to Keynesian Dynamics provides a coherent and compact study of macro-dynamic analysis in general and particularly the two outstanding ‘post Keynesian’ developments in the field- 1) dynamic theories of cyclical fluctuations and 2) secular growth analysis. Part I of this book provides a general base of reference for substantive analysis. Part II contains fairly definitive materials, dealing as it does with the modus operandi of cyclical fluctuations, the dynamics of inflation and deflation, the stability conditions of equilibrium, a nonlinear model of dynamic switches, the interaction of endogenous and exogenous variables, and international oscillatory processes. Part III explores the technical possibility and difficulty of securing maximum economic growth with minimum instability. The concluding chapter critically examines the twin problems of steady growth for advanced economies and rapid development for underdeveloped economies in a way that would suggest a common solution. This is a must read for students of economics and economic history. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Contemporary Macroeconomics Vasilii Erokhin, Gao Tianming, Jean Vasile Andrei, 2023-07-01 This book covers a lot of ground in contemporary macroeconomics, from fundamental theories such as market structures and equilibrium to emerging concepts that reflect the most critical challenges of modern times, including economic slowdowns, the resilience of public health systems, digitalization, environmental footprints, and many more. The COVID-19 outbreak has aggravated the recurrent problems of poverty and income inequality between countries, food insecurity and hunger, unemployment, and social disorders that have resulted in the exacerbation of political, economic, and trade tensions between countries. In view of the damaging consequences of the pandemic for the entire global economy, the book examines how existing macroeconomic tools and policies could be adapted to the new normal to ensure sustainable post-pandemic development and growth. The main text is interspersed with real-life illustrations and cases that demonstrate practical implications of the concepts under study. This makes the reading relevant and active. Every chapter starts with learning objectives and ends with a series of questions and quizzes that enable easier reinforcement of the course content. This book is written mainly for students, but it would be much useful to the broader public audience, including postgraduates, researchers, and business people who will be able to learn all recent updates about macroeconomics and the post-pandemic perspectives of the global economy. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Reinterpreting Mr. Keynes Warren Young, Edward W. Fuller, 2022-01-19 This book examines the origins of the IS-LM model, one of the most significant innovations in the history of economic thought. It shows that the complete IS-LM model, including the equations and diagram, was produced by a group of economists who contributed their respective mathematical models of Keynes’s General Theory, including Champernowne, Reddaway, Harrod, and Meade, not to mention Hicks. Furthermore, the book discusses the implications of newly discovered archival material, including a previously overlooked document showing that John Maynard Keynes himself was the first to present the IS-LM model equations in a lecture he gave on December 4, 1933. It focuses on the implications of this material in terms of understanding the evolution of Keynes’s approach from 1933 to 1937, later interpreters of his General Theory, and the ongoing debate between Keynesians and Post-Keynesians on the nature of his system. Given the revelations it presents, this book will transform the profession’s understanding of the origins of the IS-LM model and modern macroeconomics. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: Economic Analysis of Social Common Capital Hirofumi Uzawa, 2005-06-06 This 2005 book analyzes how natural resources, social infrastructure, and institutions might be optimally sustained. |
| marginal efficiency of investment: The Economics of John Maynard Keynes Fabio Terra, 2023-04-03 Widely recognized as one of the greatest economists in history, there has been a surge of interest in the work of John Maynard Keynes since the financial crisis of 2008 with people looking for solutions to rebalance the economy. Presciently, Keynes argued that free markets are unable to fully organize economic activity and that the steadying and reforming hand of the State is needed for capitalism to function properly. In the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008, exacerbated by a global pandemic, these ideas are more timely than ever. This book provides an introduction to Keynes’ thoughts on capitalism, the State, and macroeconomics. It starts with Keynes’ epistemological theory of his A Treatise on Probability (1921), from which aspects such as uncertainty and the decision-making process, both later important in his economic work, can be drawn. The book then pursues Keynes’ economic writings. From A Tract on the Monetary Reform (1923) and A Treatise on Money (1930), it shows Keynes’ pursuit of a full understanding of the role of money in the economy. Keynes masterfully demonstrated the knowledge he gained through his 1936 masterpiece The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Going beyond Keynes’ classic, this book also explores his later work on economic policy prescriptions and finally his concept of State and economic development. This accessible introduction to the economic thought of Keynes will be essential reading for those interested in the history and development of economics, as well as political scientists, sociologists, historians, and others seeking an overview of these foundational economic ideas. |
MARGINAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MARGINAL is written or printed in the margin of a page or sheet. How to use marginal in a sentence.
MARGINAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MARGINAL definition: 1. very small in amount or effect: 2. of interest to only a few people: 3. the idea that small…. Learn more.
MARGINAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
of minor importance, significance, relevance, or effect: Grids using even larger voltages are now being constructed, but will probably make only a marginal improvement in costs. Ethics is not a …
Marginal - definition of marginal by The Free Dictionary
1. pertaining to a margin. 2. situated on a border, edge, or fringe. 3. at the lower limits; minimal for requirements: marginal ability. 4. written or printed in the margin of a page. 5. insignificant; …
What does Marginal mean? - Definitions.net
Marginal refers to the additional or incremental change brought about by a specific decision or action. It is often used in economics and finance to describe the change in revenue, cost, or …
MARGINAL | definition in the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
MARGINAL meaning: small and not important: . Learn more.
West Seattle Blog… | TRAFFIC ALERT: West Marginal Way blocked …
22 hours ago · West Marginal Way is blocked by downed power lines near Front Street (just north of Highland Park Way). According to police, they came down when a driver flipped a Tesla, …
MARGINAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If you describe people as marginal, you mean that they are not involved in the main events or developments in society because they are poor or have no power.
MARGINAL | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
MARGINAL meaning: 1. very small in amount or effect: 2. of interest to only a few people: 3. the idea that small…. Learn more.
Understanding Your Tax Rates: Marginal vs. Effective
If your marginal rate is 24%, a $1,000 raise means about $240 goes to federal income tax, leaving you with $760 (before other taxes like Social Security or state taxes). Understanding Deduction …
MARGINAL Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MARGINAL is written or printed in the margin of a page or sheet. How to use marginal in a sentence.
MARGINAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MARGINAL definition: 1. very small in amount or effect: 2. of interest to only a few people: 3. the idea that small…. Learn more.
MARGINAL Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
of minor importance, significance, relevance, or effect: Grids using even larger voltages are now being constructed, but will probably make only a marginal improvement in costs. Ethics is not …
Marginal - definition of marginal by The Free Dictionary
1. pertaining to a margin. 2. situated on a border, edge, or fringe. 3. at the lower limits; minimal for requirements: marginal ability. 4. written or printed in the margin of a page. 5. insignificant; …
What does Marginal mean? - Definitions.net
Marginal refers to the additional or incremental change brought about by a specific decision or action. It is often used in economics and finance to describe the change in revenue, cost, or …
MARGINAL | definition in the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
MARGINAL meaning: small and not important: . Learn more.
West Seattle Blog… | TRAFFIC ALERT: West Marginal Way blocked …
22 hours ago · West Marginal Way is blocked by downed power lines near Front Street (just north of Highland Park Way). According to police, they came down when a driver flipped a Tesla, …
MARGINAL definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If you describe people as marginal, you mean that they are not involved in the main events or developments in society because they are poor or have no power.
MARGINAL | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
MARGINAL meaning: 1. very small in amount or effect: 2. of interest to only a few people: 3. the idea that small…. Learn more.
Understanding Your Tax Rates: Marginal vs. Effective
If your marginal rate is 24%, a $1,000 raise means about $240 goes to federal income tax, leaving you with $760 (before other taxes like Social Security or state taxes). Understanding …
