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| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Herbivory of Leaf-Cutting Ants Rainer Wirth, Hubert Herz, Ronald J. Ryel, Wolfram Beyschlag, Bert Hölldobler, 2013-04-18 Plant-animal interactions have become a focus of ecological research, with the processes of herbivory being of special interest. This volume examines the interactions of leaf-cutting ants with the rainforest vegetation on Barro Colorado Islands in Central America. It is the synthesis of field research on multiple scales extending over a period of several years. This work can serve as a model study summarizing and extending knowledge about herbivorous insect-plant relationships, and the resulting consequences on structural and functional features of tropical ecosystems. The text is an invaluable reference for researchers and land managers working in the fields of plant-animal interactions, herbivory, community ecology and biodiversity. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Applied Myrmecology Robert K Vander Meer, Aragua Cedeno, Klaus Jaffe, 2019-04-23 Ants have always fascinated the nature observer. Reports from ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia indicate that ants interested humans long ago. Myrmecology as a science had its beginning in the last century with great naturalists like Andre, Darwin, Emery, Escherich, Fabre, Fields, Forel, Janet, Karawaiew, McCook, Mayr, Smith, Wasmann and Wheeler. They studied ants as an interesting biological phenomenon, with little thought of the possible beneficial or detrimental effects ants could have on human activities (see Wheeler 1910 as an example). When Europeans began colonizing the New World, serious ant problems occurred. The first reports of pest ants came from Spanish and Portuguese officials of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in Trinidad, The West Indies, Central America and South America. Leaf-cutting ants were blamed for making agricultural development almost impossible in many areas. These ants, Atta and Acromyrmex species, are undoubtedly the first ants identified as pests and may be considered to have initiated interest and research in applied myrmecology (Mariconi 1970). |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Fire Ants And Leaf-cutting Ants Clifford S. Lofgren, 2019-03-08 The 1985 Research Conference on Fire Ants and Leaf-Cutting Ants covered the most recent developments in research and control of these insect pests of the New World tropical and subtropical zones, the southern United States, South and Central America, and the Caribbean Islands. This volume contains chapters that discuss the history and economics, biology and ecology, behavior, pheromones and other semiochemicals, physiology, and biochemistry of fire ants and leaf-cutting ants, as well as current and future control strategies. The information provided illustrates past and present agricultural and medical problems associated with these pest ants; however, it also brings out the point that they may at times be beneficial. The chapters on basic aspects of the biology and ecology of the ants provide up-to-date information that is useful for a more complete understanding of their social behavior and the unique symbiotic relationship between leaf-cutting ants and their fungi. New approaches to control are illustrated by innovative research on anti-feedant chemicals from plants that prevent feeding by leaf-cutting ants. The present status of chemical baits and biocontrol is addressed, as well as the possibilities of future novel methods based on the use of anti-metabolites, insect hormones, behavior modifying substances, and species-specific toxic bait systems to create integrated pest management systems. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Humane Gardener Nancy Lawson, 2017-04-18 In this eloquent plea for compassion and respect for all species, journalist and gardener Nancy Lawson describes why and how to welcome wildlife to our backyards. Through engaging anecdotes and inspired advice, profiles of home gardeners throughout the country, and interviews with scientists and horticulturalists, Lawson applies the broader lessons of ecology to our own outdoor spaces. Detailed chapters address planting for wildlife by choosing native species; providing habitats that shelter baby animals, as well as birds, bees, and butterflies; creating safe zones in the garden; cohabiting with creatures often regarded as pests; letting nature be your garden designer; and encouraging natural processes and evolution in the garden. The Humane Gardener fills a unique niche in describing simple principles for both attracting wildlife and peacefully resolving conflicts with all the creatures that share our world. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Texas Leaf-cutting Ant William H. Bennett, 1967 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Leafcutter Ants: Civilization by Instinct Bert Hölldobler, Edward O. Wilson, 2010-11-15 From the Pulitzer Prize-winning authors of The Ants comes this dynamic and visually spectacular portrait of Earth's ultimate superorganism. The Leafcutter Ants is the most detailed and authoritative description of any ant species ever produced. With a text suitable for both a lay and a scientific audience, the book provides an unforgettable tour of Earth's most evolved animal societies. Each colony of leafcutters contains as many as five million workers, all the daughters of a single queen that can live over a decade. A gigantic nest can stretch thirty feet across, rise five feet or more above the ground, and consist of hundreds of chambers that reach twenty-five feet below the ground surface. Indeed, the leafcutters have parlayed their instinctive civilization into a virtual domination of forest, grassland, and cropland—from Louisiana to Patagonia. Inspired by a section of the authors' acclaimed The Superorganism, this brilliantly illustrated work provides the ultimate explanation of what a social order with a half-billion years of animal evolution has achieved. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews Eric Lichtfouse, 2013-08-30 Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. It is a discipline that addresses current issues: climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. This series gathers review articles that analyze current agricultural issues and knowledge, then proposes alternative solutions. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Adventures among Ants Mark W. Moffett, 2010-05-05 Intrepid international explorer, biologist, and photographer Mark W. Moffett, the Indiana Jones of entomology, takes us around the globe on a strange and colorful journey in search of the hidden world of ants. In tales from Nigeria, Indonesia, the Amazon, Australia, California, and elsewhere, Moffett recounts his entomological exploits and provides fascinating details on how ants live and how they dominate their ecosystems through strikingly human behaviors, yet at a different scale and a faster tempo. Moffett’s spectacular close-up photographs shrink us down to size, so that we can observe ants in familiar roles; warriors, builders, big-game hunters, and slave owners. We find them creating marketplaces and assembly lines and dealing with issues we think of as uniquely human—including hygiene, recycling, and warfare. Adventures among Ants introduces some of the world’s most awe-inspiring species and offers a startling new perspective on the limits of our own perception. • Ants are world-class road builders, handling traffic problems on thoroughfares that dwarf our highway systems in their complexity • Ants with the largest societies often deploy complicated military tactics • Some ants have evolved from hunter-gatherers into farmers, domesticating other insects and growing crops for food |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Encyclopedia of Social Insects Christopher K. Starr, 2021-01-10 A comprehensive, multi-author treatise on the social insects of the world, with some auxiliary attention to such adjacent topics as subsocial insects and social arachnids. The work is to serve as a very convenient, yet authoritative reference work on the biology and systematics of social insects of the world. This is a project of the International Union for the Study of Social Insects (IUSSI), the worldwide organizing body for the scientific study of social insects. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Forest Pest and Disease Management in Latin America Sergio A. Estay, 2020-02-26 By providing multiple economic goods and ecosystem services, Latin American forests play a key role in the environmental, social and economic welfare of the region’s countries. From the tropical forests of Central America to the Mediterranean and temperate vegetation of the southern cone, these forests face a myriad of phytosanitary problems that negatively impact on both conservation efforts and forest industry. This book brings together the perspectives of several Latin American researchers on pest and disease management. Each chapter provides modern views of the status and management alternatives to problems as serious as the impact of introduced exotic insects and diseases on Pinus and Eucalyptus plantations throughout the continent, and the emergence of novel insect outbreaks in tropical and temperate native forests associated with global warming. It is a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners working on forest health in Latin America and around the world. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Safer Insecticides Ernest Hodgson, 2020-08-18 Reference to the design of new insecticides nontoxic to the environment and the public emphasizing optimal food production with greater safety. Some 30 international experts examine topics including new types of active molecules among natural products and animal toxins; insect metabolic and organ systems as sources of information leading to more selective chemicals, safer ways of utilizing existing compounds, recently discovered modes of action including cuticle synthesis inhibitors, juvenile hormone inhibitors and anti-juvenile hormones, pesticide use reduction through improved application techniques and new management systems. Providing extensive bibliographic citations, Safer Insecticides is essential reading for biologists, environmental researchers, biochemists; organic, medicinal, agricultural and pesticide chemists; entomologists; toxicologists and regulatory personnel. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Agaricales (Mushrooms) in Modern Taxonomy Rolf Singer, 1949 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Fungarium Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Ester Gaya, 2020-10-28 Illustrator Katie Scott returns to the Welcome to the Museum series with exquisite, detailed images of some of the most fascinating living organisms on this planet - fungi. From the fungi we see on supermarket shelves to fungi like penicillium that have shaped human history, this is the definitive introduction to what fungi are and just how vital they are to the world's ecosystem. Created in collaboration with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Book of Fungi Peter Roberts, Shelley Evans, 2014-12-10 “The lurid photographs and enticing, offhandedly witty descriptions make the reader want to go out collecting specimens right away.—Popular Science From morels to chanterelles, toadstools to truffles, fungi have been a source of fascination since the earliest hunter-gatherers first foraged for them. Today there are few, if any, places on Earth where fungi have not found themselves a home—their habitats span the poles and the tropics, mountaintops and backyards. Packed with facts and photos, this book introduces you to fungus in many forms—some parasitic, some poisonous, some hallucinogenic and some with healing properties that can be tapped for pharmaceutical products. Then of course, there are the delicious mushrooms that are prized by epicureans and gourmands worldwide. Each species here is reproduced at its actual size, in full color, and accompanied by a scientific explanation of its distribution, habitat, association, abundance, growth form, spore color, and edibility. With information on the characteristics, locations, distinguishing features, and occasionally bizarre habits of these fungi, you’ll find in this book the common and the conspicuous, the unfamiliar and the odd—including a fungal predator, for instance, that hunts its prey with lassos, and several that set traps, including one that entices sows by releasing the pheromones of a wild boar. “How dazzling is the world of mushrooms? The fan-shaped cinnabar oysterling looks like something you would find undersea. The violet webcap is vibrant. These are among the more than 600 fungi described and illustrated in this scholarly and beautiful book.”—TheNew York Times “Anyone with an appreciation of the beauty of nature will enjoy.”—Grand Forks Herald |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Revised and Updated Edition Steven J. Phillips, Patricia Wentworth Comus, 2000 A Natural History of the Sonoran Desert provides the most complete collection of Sonoran Desert natural history information ever compiled and is a perfect introduction to this biologically rich desert of North America.--BOOK JACKET. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Fungus-growing Ants of North America. W M Wheeler, 2022-10-27 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Insects of the Texas Lost Pines Stephen Welton Taber, Scott B. Fleenor, 2003-07-01 In an isolated pine forest on the eastern edge of Central Texas, there lies an island of abundant and diversified life known as the Lost Pines. Separated from the rest of the state’s East Texas pine forests by more than one hundred miles, the Lost Pines marks the westernmost stand of the loblolly pine and is a refuge for plants and animals more typically associated with the southeastern United States where the tree originated. Surrounded now by pastures and scattered oak woodlands, the Lost Pines supports a remarkable ecosystem, a primeval sanctuary amidst the urban bustle of nearby Austin and of neighboring communities Bastrop, Elgin, and Smithville. This 100,000 acre island includes portions of Bastrop and Buescher State Parks, and it was here that Stephen W. Taber and Scott Fleenor encountered insect life of astonishing diversity. Setting out to identify and describe the insects and related animals most readily observed in the Lost Pines, they also discovered some hidden, rare, and never-before-described species. The result is this book, a bestiary of more than 280 species of invertebrates including insects, millipedes, centipedes, spiders, scorpions, mollusks, and worms. Each species description includes common and scientific names; information on biology, distribution, and similar species; and the authors’ special remarks. Many of these animals occur outside the forest, making Insects of the Texas Lost Pines a useful guide to Texas invertebrates in general. When you visit Bastrop State Park, you are likely to see more bugs and spineless creatures than any other form of animal life. The next time you go, turn over a few logs, look at the ants, and don’t swat the flies. Take along this new guide and open up a world of life in one of Texas's most unique and popular landscapes. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Parasites in Social Insects Paul Schmid-Hempel, 1998-11-22 In addition, the author develops new insights, especially in his examination of the intricate relationships between parasites and their social hosts through the rigorous use of evolutionary and ecological concepts.. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Parasite Biodiversity Robert Poulin, Serge Morand, 2014-05-27 This comprehensive, groundbreaking book on the biodiversity of parasites offers a clear and accessible explanation of how parasite biodiversity provides insight into the history and biogeography of other organisms, the structure of ecosystems, and the processes that lead to the diversification of life. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Planet of the Ants Susanne Foitzik, Olaf Fritsche, 2021-04-06 “Beautifully illustrated with color photographs, the book offers a view into parallels between seemingly out-of-this-world ant societies and our own, including cities, an intense work ethic, division of labor, intragroup cooperation combined with genocidal outgroup warfare, even a kind of to-the-death national loyalty. The authors’ scientific rigor is matched by their joy in their subjects.”—The Wall Street Journal Shortlisted for the 2022 Helen and Kurt Wolff Translator’s Prize This sweeping portrait of the world’s uncontested six-legged conquerors will open your eyes to the secret societies thriving right beneath your feet—and shift your perspective on humanity. The closer you get to ants, the more human they look. Ants build megacities, tend gardens, wage wars, and farm livestock. Ants have flourished since the age of the dinosaurs. There are one million ants for every one of us. Engineered by nature to fulfill their particular roles, ants flawlessly perform a complex symphony of tasks to sustain their colony—seemingly without a conductor—from fearsome army ants, who stage twelve-hour hunting raids where they devour thousands, to gentle leafcutters cooperatively gardening in their peaceful underground kingdoms. Acclaimed biologist Susanne Foitzik has traveled the globe to study these master architects of Earth. Joined by journalist Olaf Fritsche, Foitzik invites readers deep into her world in both the field and the lab. Exploring these insects’ tiny yet incredible lives will inspire new respect for ants as a global superpower. Publisher’s note: Planet of the Ants was previously published in hardcover as Empire of Ants. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Social Evolution in Ants Andrew F.G. Bourke, Nigel R. Franks, 2019-12-31 Biologists since Darwin have been intrigued and confounded by the complex issues involved in the evolution and ecology of the social behavior of insects. The self-sacrifice of sterile workers in ant colonies has been particularly difficult for evolutionary biologists to explain. In this important new book, Andrew Bourke and Nigel Franks not only present a detailed overview of the current state of scientific knowledge about social evolution in ants, but also show how studies on ants have contributed to an understanding of many fundamental topics in behavioral ecology and evolutionary biology. One of the substantial contributions of Social Evolution in Ants is its clear explanation of kin selection theory and sex ratio theory and their applications to social evolution in insects. Working to dispel lingering skepticism about the validity of kin selection and, more broadly, of selfish gene theory, Bourke and Franks show how these ideas underpin the evolution of both cooperation and conflict within ant societies. In addition, using simple algebra, they provide detailed explanations of key mathematical models. Finally, the authors discuss two relatively little-known topics in ant social biology: life history strategy and mating systems. This comprehensive, up-to-date, and well-referenced work will appeal to all researchers in social insect biology and to scholars and students in the fields of entomology, behavioral ecology, and evolution. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Ants of North America Brian L. Fisher, Stefan P. Cover, 2007-11-02 In this enormously useful book, a profound need is met by a profound contribution, the first such comprehensive work in over fifty years. While brief, Ants of North America is the distillation of a vast amount of study and practice. It is a joy to browse and read, and will have an important impact on the study of ants.—Edward O. Wilson, University Research Professor Emeritus, Harvard University Two of the most prolific ant faunists have produced a marvelous taxonomic guide to the ant genera of North America. The keys and genus descriptions are succinct and easy to read, the illustrations superb. This book is a must for entomologists, ecologists, and particularly all who study ants.—Bert Hölldobler, Foundation Professor of Life Sciences, Arizona State University This book represents a bold advance in the study of North American ants. It provides, for the first time, an accessible and lavishly illustrated guide to all the ant genera occurring in the United States and Canada. It will greatly enhance both public interest in ants and scientific investigation of their ecology, behavior and evolution.—Philip S. Ward, Department of Entomology and Center for Population Biology, University of California at Davis |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Silent Sparks Sara Lewis, 2016-04-26 An informative, entertaining, and beautifully illustrated look at the beloved firefly For centuries, the beauty of fireflies has evoked wonder and delight. Yet for most of us, fireflies remain shrouded in mystery: How do fireflies make their light? What are they saying with their flashing? And what do fireflies look for in a mate? In Silent Sparks, noted biologist and firefly expert Sara Lewis dives into the fascinating world of fireflies and reveals the most up-to-date discoveries about these beloved insects. From the meadows of New England and the hills of the Great Smoky Mountains, to the rivers of Japan and mangrove forests of Malaysia, this beautifully illustrated and accessible book uncovers the remarkable, dramatic stories of birth, courtship, romance, sex, deceit, poison, and death among fireflies. The nearly two thousand species of fireflies worldwide have evolved in different ways—and while most mate through the aerial language of blinking lights, not all do. Lewis introduces us to fireflies that don't light up at all, relying on wind-borne perfumes to find mates, and we encounter glow-worm fireflies, whose plump, wingless females never fly. We go behind the scenes to meet inquisitive scientists who have dedicated their lives to understanding fireflies, and we learn about various modern threats including light pollution and habitat destruction. In the last section of the book, Lewis provides a field guide for North American fireflies, enabling us to identify them in our own backyards and neighborhoods. This concise, handy guide includes distinguishing features, habits, and range maps for the most commonly encountered fireflies, as well as a gear list. A passionate exploration of one of the world's most charismatic and admired insects, Silent Sparks will inspire us to reconnect with the natural world. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Insect Ecology Timothy D. Schowalter, 2006-02-27 Dr. Timothy Schowalter has succeeded in creating a unique, updated treatment of insect ecology. This revised and expanded text looks at how insects adapt to environmental conditions while maintaining the ability to substantially alter their environment. It covers a range of topics- from individual insects that respond to local changes in the environment and affect resource distribution, to entire insect communities that have the capacity to modify ecosystem conditions.Insect Ecology, Second Edition, synthesizes the latest research in the field and has been produced in full color throughout. It is ideal for students in both entomology and ecology-focused programs.NEW TO THIS EDITION:* New topics such as elemental defense by plants, chaotic models, molecular methods to measure disperson, food web relationships, and more* Expanded sections on plant defenses, insect learning, evolutionary tradeoffs, conservation biology and more* Includes more than 350 new references* More than 40 new full-color figures |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Insect Symbiosis, Volume 3 Kostas Bourtzis, Thomas A. Miller, 2008-10-28 The associations between insects and microorganisms, while pervasive and of paramount ecological importance, have been relatively poorly understood. The third book in this set, Insect Symbiosis, Volume 3, complements the previous volumes in exploring this somewhat uncharted territory. Like its predecessors, Volume 3 illustrates how symbiosis resear |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Superorganism Bert Holldobler, Edward O Wilson, 2009 The Pulitzer Prize-winning authors of The Ants render the extraordinary lives of the social insects--ants, bees, wasps, and termites--in this visually spectacular volume. 110 color and 100 black-and-white illustrations. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Social Science at the Crossroads , 2019-05-20 The 38th World Congress of IIS addressed some of the most fundamental issues of sociological inquiry in light of global processes and the development of different fields of knowledge: What does it mean to be human? What is the nature of social as opposed to natural processes? How do efforts to map the social and political world interact with that world and with traditional sociological practices? What can we say about relationships between scientific, political and religious beliefs? This volume sets the stage for a sustained look at what social science can say about the twenty-first century and to address the theme of the congress in 2008: Sociology Looks at the 21st Century. From Local Universalism to Global Contextualism. Contributors are: Gustaf Arrhenius, Rajeev Bhargava, Craig Calhoun, Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, Yehuda Elkana, Raghavendra Gadagkar, Peter Hedström, Hans Joas, Hannes Klöpper, Ivan Krastev, Steven Lukes, Vinh-Kim Nguyen, Helga Nowotny, Shalini Randeria, Alan Ryan, Jyotirmaya Sharma, Christina Torén, Michel Wieviorka, Björn Wittrock, Petri Ylikoski. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Ants Bert Hölldobler, Edward O. Wilson, 1990 This landmark work is a thoroughgoing survey of one of the largest and most diverse groups of animals on the planet. Hölldobler and Wilson review in exhaustive detail virtually all topics in the anatomy, physiology, social organization, ecology, and natural history of the ants. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Insect-Fungal Associations Fernando E. Vega, Meredith Blackwell, 2005 There is an increasing interest in using fungi as bio control agents for insect pests in agricultural systems, and also a growing interest in the basic biology of insect-fungal associations from the perspective of parasitism, symbiosis and infection. This title covers topics in this field, incorporating new molecular techniques wherever possible. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Biotechnology of Isoprenoids Jens Schrader, Jörg Bohlmann, 2015-05-19 This book review series presents current trends in modern biotechnology. The aim is to cover all aspects of this interdisciplinary technology where knowledge, methods and expertise are required from chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics, chemical engineering and computer science. Volumes are organized topically and provide a comprehensive discussion of developments in the respective field over the past 3-5 years. The series also discusses new discoveries and applications. Special volumes are dedicated to selected topics which focus on new biotechnological products and new processes for their synthesis and purification. In general, special volumes are edited by well-known guest editors. The series editor and publisher will however always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Manuscripts are accepted in English. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Larch Sawfly , 2001 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Army Ants Daniel J. C. Kronauer, 2020-10-06 A richly illustrated, captivating study of army ants, nature’s preeminent social hunters. A swarm raid is one of nature’s great spectacles. In tropical rainforests around the world, army ants march in groups by the thousands to overwhelm large solitary invertebrates, along with nests of termites, wasps, and other ants. They kill and dismember their prey and carry it back to their nest, where their hungry brood devours it. They are the ultimate social hunters, demonstrating the most fascinating collective behavior. In Army Ants we see how these insects play a crucial role in promoting and sustaining the biodiversity of tropical ecosystems. The ants help keep prey communities in check while also providing nutrition for other animals. Many species depend on army ants for survival, including a multitude of social parasites, swarm-following birds, and flies. And while their hunting behavior, and the rules that govern it, are clearly impressive, army ants display collective behavior in other ways that are no less dazzling. They build living nests, called bivouacs, using their bodies to protect the queen and larvae. The ants can even construct bridges over open space or obstacles by linking to one another using their feet. These incredible feats happen without central coordination. They are the result of local interactions—self-organization that benefits the society at large. Through observations, stories, and stunning images, Daniel Kronauer brings these fascinating creatures to life. Army ants may be small, but their collective intelligence and impact on their environment are anything but. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Lipids and Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents Halldor Thormar, 2010-12-28 Lipids and essential oils have strong antimicrobial properties — they kill or inhibit the growth of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses. They are being studied for use in the prevention and treatment of infections, as potential disinfectants, and for their preservative and antimicrobial properties when formulated as pharmaceuticals, in food products, and in cosmetics. Lipids and Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents is a comprehensive review of the scientific knowledge in this field. International experts provide summaries on: the chemical and biological properties of lipids and essential oils use of lipids and essential oils in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and health foods antimicrobial effects of lipids in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial lipids in milk antimicrobial lipids of the skin antibacterial lipids as sanitizers and disinfectants antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of essential oils antimicrobial lipids in milk antimicrobial lipids of the skin antibacterial lipids as sanitizers and disinfectants antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of essential oils Lipids and Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents is an essential guide to this important topic for researchers and advanced students in academia and research working in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food sciences, biochemistry and natural products chemistry, microbiology; and for health care scientists and professionals working in the fields of public health and infectious diseases. It will also be of interest to anyone concerned about health issues and particularly to those who are conscious of the benefits of health food and natural products. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Plight of the Living Dead Matt Simon, 2018-10-02 A brain-bending exploration of real-life zombies and mind controllers, and what they reveal to us about nature—and ourselves Zombieism isn’t just the stuff of movies and TV shows like The Walking Dead. It’s real, and it’s happening in the world around us, from wasps and worms to dogs and moose—and even humans. In Plight of the Living Dead, science journalist Matt Simon documents his journey through the bizarre evolutionary history of mind control. Along the way, he visits a lab where scientists infect ants with zombifying fungi, joins the search for kamikaze crickets in the hills of New Mexico, and travels to Israel to meet the wasp that stings cockroaches in the brain before leading them to their doom. Nothing Hollywood dreams up can match the brilliant, horrific zombies that natural selection has produced time and time again. Plight of the Living Dead is a surreal dive into a world that would be totally unbelievable if very smart scientists didn’t happen to be proving it’s real, and most troublingly—or maybe intriguingly—of all: how even we humans are affected. “Fantastic . . . You'll be thinking about this book long after you're done reading it.” —Kelly Weinersmith, New York Times bestselling coauthor of Soonish |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: The Naturalist in Nicaragua Thomas Belt, 1874 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Ants of Africa and Madagascar Brian L. Fisher, Barry Bolton, 2016-07-26 Across the Afrotropical and Malagasy regions, ants are one of the most conspicuous and ecologically dominant animal groups. From driver ants to weaver ants, there are over 2,000 species in Africa alone and over 600 in Madagascar. Ê Ants of Africa and Madagascar introduces readers to the fascinating and diverse ant fauna of the Afrotropical and Malagasy regions. Featuring illustrated keys to subfamilies, separate keys to Afrotropical and Malagasy ant genera, and distribution maps, it also describes diagnostic characters, explores ant ecology and natural history, and includes a list of all currently recognized ant species in the regions. This detailed guide is an essential tool for entomologists and myrmecologists working with and learning about this diverse population of Formicidae. |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Waste and Hygiene in the Leafcutting Ants Adam G. Hart, 2003 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Field Guide for the Management of Structure-infesting Ants Stoy A. Hedges, 2010 |
| leaf cutting ants and fungus: Natural Product Biosynthesis by Microorganisms and Plants, Part A , 2012-10-01 This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial by containing quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. The first of 3 volumes covering Natural product biosynthesis by microorganisms and plants, it has chapters on such topics as Kinetics of plant sesquiterpene synthases, Terpenoid biosynthesis in fungi, and plant Type III polyketide synthases. |
Leaf - Wikipedia
A structurally complete leaf of an angiosperm consists of a petiole (leaf stalk), a lamina (leaf blade), stipules (small structures located to either side of the base of the petiole) and a sheath. …
Leaf | Definition, Parts, & Function | Britannica
Jun 9, 2025 · Leaf, any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular plant. Leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis and manufacture food for plants. They are an …
LEAF Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of LEAF is a lateral outgrowth from a plant stem that is typically a flattened expanded variably shaped greenish organ, constitutes a unit of the foliage, and functions …
Complete Guide To Different Types of Leaves with Pictures and Leaf …
Jul 11, 2023 · However, there are categories and ways to identify types of leaves. This article will look through the various types of leaves, their categories, and the typical tree groups they …
30.10: Leaves - Leaf Structure, Function, and Adaptation
Nov 23, 2024 · Similar to the stem, the leaf contains vascular bundles composed of xylem and phloem. The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels, which transport water and minerals to …
Plant Leaves and Leaf Anatomy - ThoughtCo
Plant leaves are very important structures as they help to maintain life on Earth by generating food (sugars) via photosynthesis. Leaves and different parts of leaves can have various shapes …
Leaf Anatomy (Structure): Layers and Functions - Science Facts
Feb 17, 2023 · Learn the internal structure (anatomy) of a leaf. What are its different layers and their functions. Check out a labeled diagram.
Leaf: Definition, Characteristics and Functions (With Diagram)
A leaf consists of three parts— leaf base, petiole and lamina. Lamina (= epipodium) or leaf blade is the terminal thin, expanded, green and conspicuous part of the leaf which is specialized to …
Leaves - Biology Online Tutorial
Leaves are highly efficient solar energy converters. They capture light energy and through the process of photosynthesis. They are able to trap energy in the form of sugar molecules that are …
Science of Leaves: Anatomy, Arrangement, & Adaptations
Jul 12, 2023 · Leaves grow from the stem of a plant and are typically green in color, and this is due to a chemical known as chlorophyll. Leaves serve a multitude of vital functions for plants, …
Leaf - Wikipedia
A structurally complete leaf of an angiosperm consists of a petiole (leaf stalk), a lamina (leaf blade), stipules (small structures located to either side of the base of the petiole) and a sheath. …
Leaf | Definition, Parts, & Function | Britannica
Jun 9, 2025 · Leaf, any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular plant. Leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis and manufacture food for plants. They are an …
LEAF Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of LEAF is a lateral outgrowth from a plant stem that is typically a flattened expanded variably shaped greenish organ, constitutes a unit of the foliage, and functions …
Complete Guide To Different Types of Leaves with Pictures and Leaf …
Jul 11, 2023 · However, there are categories and ways to identify types of leaves. This article will look through the various types of leaves, their categories, and the typical tree groups they …
30.10: Leaves - Leaf Structure, Function, and Adaptation
Nov 23, 2024 · Similar to the stem, the leaf contains vascular bundles composed of xylem and phloem. The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels, which transport water and minerals to …
Plant Leaves and Leaf Anatomy - ThoughtCo
Plant leaves are very important structures as they help to maintain life on Earth by generating food (sugars) via photosynthesis. Leaves and different parts of leaves can have various shapes …
Leaf Anatomy (Structure): Layers and Functions - Science Facts
Feb 17, 2023 · Learn the internal structure (anatomy) of a leaf. What are its different layers and their functions. Check out a labeled diagram.
Leaf: Definition, Characteristics and Functions (With Diagram)
A leaf consists of three parts— leaf base, petiole and lamina. Lamina (= epipodium) or leaf blade is the terminal thin, expanded, green and conspicuous part of the leaf which is specialized to …
Leaves - Biology Online Tutorial
Leaves are highly efficient solar energy converters. They capture light energy and through the process of photosynthesis. They are able to trap energy in the form of sugar molecules that are …
Science of Leaves: Anatomy, Arrangement, & Adaptations
Jul 12, 2023 · Leaves grow from the stem of a plant and are typically green in color, and this is due to a chemical known as chlorophyll. Leaves serve a multitude of vital functions for plants, …
