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| jain version of ramayana book: Jain Rāmāyaṇa Narratives Gregory M. Clines, 2022-04-28 Jain Rāmāyaṇa Narratives: Moral Vision and Literary Innovation traces how and why Jain authors at different points in history rewrote the story of Rāma and situates these texts within larger frameworks of South Asian religious history and literature. The book argues that the plot, characters, and the very history of Jain Rāma composition itself served as a continual font of inspiration for authors to create and express novel visions of moral personhood. In making this argument, the book examines three versions of the Rāma story composed by two authors, separated in time and space by over 800 years and thousands of miles. The first is Raviṣeṇa, who composed the Sanskrit Padmapurāṇa (“The Deeds of Padma”), and the second is Brahma Jinadāsa, author of both a Sanskrit Padmapurāṇa and a vernacular (bhāṣā) version of the story titled Rām Rās (“The Story of Rām”). While the three compositions narrate the same basic story and work to shape ethical subjects, they do so in different ways and with different visions of what a moral person actually is. A close comparative reading focused on the differences between these three texts reveals the diverse visions of moral personhood held by Jains in premodernity and demonstrates the innovative narrative strategies authors utilized in order to actualize those visions. The book is thus a valuable contribution to the fields of Jain studies and religion and literature in premodern South Asia. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Jain Rāmāyaṇa-Paumacaryu Svayambhū, Shanti Lal Nagar, 2002 Classical Jaina version of myth of Rāma (Hindu deity), in verse form. |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Jain Saga - Part 1 Kalikaal Sarvagya Hemchandrasuriswarji, 2013-05-14 The Jainism has divided the rotations of the wheel of time in two on the basic of their outcome. During the utsarpini period the Joys increase gradually and during avasarpini the woe multiply. Sixty-three men who influence the life on this planet are born during both utsarpini and avasarpini. They are called Tirthankars Chakravarties Vasudevas and Prativasudevas. In this saga the life and times of the distinguished sixteen that were born during the present avasarpini times is described vividly. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Ramayana Daljit Nagra, 2013-10-01 Attributed to Valmiki, thought to be India's first poet, the Ramayana's origins date back thousands of years when it was first committed to Sanskrit. Since then, generations of children the world over have grown up with its story of Rama's quest to recover his wife Sita from her abduction by Raavana, the Lord of the Underworld. The tale has been celebrated in many languages and has spread to many other countries including Nepal, Tibet, Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is used as a Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, Islamic, Sikh as well as a secular text, and lives in in many art forms too: in drama and dance, in sculpture and painting, in prose and in poetry. Daljit Nagra was captivated by the versions his grandparents regaled him with as a child. Now an award-winning poet of dazzling gifts, he has chosen to bring the story to life in a vivid and enthralling version of his own. Accessible and engaging, and bursting with energy, Nagra's Ramayana is a distillation and an animation for readers of all ages, whether familiar with or entirely new to this remarkable tale. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Valmiki's Ramayana , 2018-04-20 One of India’s greatest epics, the Ramayana pervades the country’s moral and cultural consciousness. For generations it has served as a bedtime story for Indian children, while at the same time engaging the interest of philosophers and theologians. Believed to have been composed by Valmiki sometime between the eighth and sixth centuries BC, the Ramayana tells the tragic and magical story of Rama, the prince of Ayodhya, an incarnation of Lord Visnu, born to rid the earth of the terrible demon Ravana. An idealized heroic tale ending with the inevitable triumph of good over evil, the Ramayana is also an intensely personal story of family relationships, love and loss, duty and honor, of harem intrigue, petty jealousies, and destructive ambitions. All this played out in a universe populated by larger-than-life humans, gods and celestial beings, wondrous animals and terrifying demons. With her magnificent translation and superb introduction, Arshia Sattar has successfully bridged both time and space to bring this ancient classic to modern English readers. |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Bhagavad Gita Shri Purohit Swami, The Bhagavad Gita, the greatest devotional book of Hinduism, has long been recognized as one of the world’s spiritual classics and a guide to all on the path of Truth. It is sometimes known as the Song of the Lord or the Gospel of the Lord Shri Krishna. According to Western scholarship, it was composed later than the Vedas and the Upanishads – probably between the fifth and second centuries before Christ. It is a fragment, part of the sixth book of the epic poem The Mahabaratha. The Mahabaratha tells of the Pandavas, Prince Arjuna and his four brothers, growing up in north India at the court of their uncle, the blind King Dhritarashtra, after the death of their father, the previous ruler. There is always great rivalry between the Pandavas or sons of Pandu and the Kauravas, the one hundred sons of Dhritarashtra. Eventually the old king gives his nephews some land of their own but his eldest son, Duryodhana, defeats Yudhisthira, the eldest Pandava, by cheating at dice, and forces him and his brothers to surrender their land and go into exile for thirteen years. On their return, the old king is unable to persuade his son Duryodhana to restore their heritage and, in spite of efforts at reconciliation by Sanjaya, Dhritarashtra’s charioteer; by Bheeshma, his wise counsellor; and even by the Lord Krishna himself, war cannot be averted. The rival hosts face each other on the field of Kurukshetra. It is at this point that The Bhagavad Gita begins. When Prince Arjuna surveys the battlefield, he is overwhelmed with sorrow at the futility of war. The teachings of The Bhagavad Gita are spoken by the divine Lord Krishna, who is acting as the prince’s charioteer. They are overheard by Sanjaya and reported back to King Dhritarashtra. When Krishna has finished speaking to Arjuna, the two armies engage. The battle lasts eighteen days and by the end of it nearly all of the warriors on both sides are dead save Krishna and the five sons of Pandu. |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Book on Trial Girja Kumar, 1997 Existence of the freedom to read, write, print, publish, discuss, debate, and dispute creative writing and dissident writing in India. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Good Question, Good Answer Shravasti Dhammika, 2012 |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Great War of Hind Vaibhav Anand, 2015-08-10 “In the beginning, there was no such thing as heaven or hell. All that there was then, was earth… There are raconteurs and mischief-mongers in our ranks and I have no doubt they shall pervert the truth with their self-serving versions. The events of history – this history of our land – shall thus inevitably have many versions, doubtless. But, I was there with General Ramm, I fought by his side…” — Sanjaay, official chronicler of General Ramm Srishti Publishers & Distributors Around 12000 B.C., Hindustan as we know it today (or Hind), comprised five kingdoms of man, sandwiched between Parbat – the kingdom of the Gods in the north, and Lunka – the kingdom of the demons in the south. The ‘Legend of Ramm’ unravels the story of the military general called Ramm in the kingdom of Ayodh and how his actions came to define our world as we know it today. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Mandodari Manini J. Anandani, 2018 Borrowing from Sanghadasa's Jaina version of the Ramayana, Mandodari-one of the least known characters of the Hindu epic-is finally given a voice. Considered to be one of the most beautiful apsaras, she was married off to the mighty Ravana, the legendary king of Lanka. In her story, she speaks about her struggles after her marriage, her insecurities and her pious nature that challenged her husband's growing aspirations. She narrates the rise of Ravana's power and the blunders he made that ultimately caused the downfall of Lanka. Despite her husband's faults, Mandodari loved him and advised him to follow the path of righteousness. Ravana's defeat in a thirteen-day war turned him into a villain. But what if he were the real hero on his side of the war? What if his downfall was a result of scheming to push him out of power? This is Mandodari's story. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Pratiyogita Darpan , 2006-07 Pratiyogita Darpan (monthly magazine) is India's largest read General Knowledge and Current Affairs Magazine. Pratiyogita Darpan (English monthly magazine) is known for quality content on General Knowledge and Current Affairs. Topics ranging from national and international news/ issues, personality development, interviews of examination toppers, articles/ write-up on topics like career, economy, history, public administration, geography, polity, social, environment, scientific, legal etc, solved papers of various examinations, Essay and debate contest, Quiz and knowledge testing features are covered every month in this magazine. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Rama and Ayodhya Meenakshi Jain, 2013 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Sarasvatī: Riverine Goddess of Knowledge Catherine Ludvik, 2007-06-30 This is a fascinating depiction of the transformation of the Indian riverine goddess from the manuscript-carrying vīṇā-player to the Buddhist weapon-wielding defender of the Dharma. Drawing on Sanskrit and Chinese textual sources, as well as Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist art historical representations, this book traces the conceptual and iconographic development of the riverine goddess of knowledge Sarasvatī from some time after 1750 B.C.E. to the seventh century C.E. Through the study of Chinese translations of no longer extant Sanskrit versions of the Buddhist Sutra of Golden Light the author sheds light on Sarasvatī's interactions with other Indian goddess cults and their impact on one another. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Many Ramayanas Paula Richman, 1991-08-29 Throughout Indian history, many authors and performers have produced, and many patrons have supported, diverse tellings of the story of the exiled prince Rama, who rescues his abducted wife by battling the demon king who has imprisoned her. The contributors to this volume focus on these many Ramayanas. While most scholars continue to rely on Valmiki's Sanskrit Ramayana as the authoritative version of the tale, the contributors to this volume do not. Their essays demonstrate the multivocal nature of the Ramayana by highlighting its variations according to historical period, political context, regional literary tradition, religious affiliation, intended audience, and genre. Socially marginal groups in Indian society—Telugu women, for example, or Untouchables from Madhya Pradesh—have recast the Rama story to reflect their own views of the world, while in other hands the epic has become the basis for teachings about spiritual liberation or the demand for political separatism. Historians of religion, scholars of South Asia, folklorists, cultural anthropologists—all will find here refreshing perspectives on this tale. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Valmiki Ramayana Vol. 1 Penguin India, 2017-10 Exiled on the eve of his coronation, Rama enters the forests of Dandaka with his beautiful wife, Sita, and devoted brothers, Lakshmana. When Sita is abducted by Ravana, who takes her to his isolated kingdom on the far side of the southern ocean, the two brothers set out to rescue her. What folloes is a heroic tale filled with intrigue and adventure, gods and demons, colossal battles and ancient wisdom. But the Ramayana is also ana intensely personal story of love and loss, duty and honour, petty jealousies and destructive ambitions. -- |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Hindu Phenomenon Girilal Jain, 1994 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Asian variations in Ramayana Kodaganallur R. Srinivasa Iyengar, 2003 The Book Consists Of Papers Presented At The International Seminar On ýVariations In Ramayana In Asia: Their Cultural, Social And Anthropological Significance: New Delhi 1981. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Banishment and Belonging Ronit Ricci, 2019-11-21 A ground-breaking exploration of exile and diaspora as they relate to place, language, religious tradition, literature and the imagination. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Ramayana - The Story of Lord Rama Valmiki Muni, 2011 Countless ages ago, when men and animals could speak together and powerful brahmanas could effect miracles, the uncontrollable King Ravana was terrorizing the universe. This edition records the adventure of Rama, the Lord of righteousness, as He struggles to overcome the forces of Ravana. The absorbing narration has delighted and enlightened countless generations in India, and its timeless spiritual insights are compellingly relevant in today's confused world. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Dharma in America Pankaj Jain, 2019-11-18 America now is home to approximately five million Hindus and Jains. Their contribution to the economic and intellectual growth of the country is unquestionable. Dharma in America aims to explore the role of Hindu and Jain Americans in diverse fields such as: education and civic engagements medicine and healthcare music. Providing a concise history of Hindus and Jains in the Americas over the last two centuries, Dharma in America also gives some insights into the ongoing issues and challenges these important ethnic and religious groups face in America today. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Bala Ramayana Bharati/swami Chinmayananda, 2011 Swami Chinmayananda'S Vision Of Teaching Values To Children Through The Scriptures |
| jain version of ramayana book: Annihilation of Caste B.R. Ambedkar, 2014-10-07 B.R. Ambedkar's Annihilation of Caste is one of the most important, yet neglected, works of political writing from India. Written in 1936, it is an audacious denunciation of Hinduism and its caste system. It offers a scholarly critique of Hindu scriptures, scriptures that sanction a rigidly hierarchical and iniquitous social system. Arundhati Roy introduces this extensively annotated edition in The Doctor and the Saint, examining the persistence of caste in modern India, and how the conflict between Ambedkar and Gandhi continues to resonate. Roy breathes new life into Ambedkar's anti-caste utopia, and says that without a Dalit revolution, India will continue to be hobbled by systemic inequality. |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2011 Thorpe Edgar, 2011-09 |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Society of the Ramayana Ananda W. P. Guruge, 1991 The Social Conditions Of Ancient India Have To Be Patiently Reconstructed By Gathering Together The Data Available From Archaeology And Literature. It Is Impossible For One Individual, Even In A Lifetime, To Examine Critically All The Information At His Disposal .To The Archaeologist India Presents A Fund Of Sociological Data Covering, At Least, Five Thousand Years. And The Student Of Her Literature Finds More Elaborate And Informative Evidence In Literary Works, The Earliest Of Which Cannot Under Any Circumstances Be Dated Later Than 1000 B.C. A Careful Study Of The Facts So Available Is Absolutely Necessary If We Are To Have A Complete And Reliable Picture Of Ancient Indian Society. It Is For This Purpose That The Sociological Data Of The Ramayana Are Subjected To A Detailed Scrutiny In This Publication.Although The Ramayana Contains Very Valuable Information For The Study Of The Social Conditions Of India, It Had Been For Many Years Overshadowed By The Great Epic, The Mahabharata. There Are Fewer Works Dealing With The Sociological Data Of The Ramayana, Even Though The Scholars Who Worked On The Mahabharata Occasionally Referred To It.In This Publication, An Attempt Has Been Made To Discuss As Many Aspects Of The Ancient Indian Society As Practicable. While The First Chapter Has Been Devoted To Establish The History, The Date And The Historicity Of The Text, Which Is Our Source Book, The Other Eight Chapters Discuss The Evidence, Which Has Been Called From The Ramayana With Meticulous Care After Study Of All Three Recensions, Available Both In Printed Editions And Manuscripts. No Less Than Fifty-Five Different Aspects Are Dealt With In These Ten Chapters Ranging From Geographical Data To Religious And Philosophical Teaching. It Is Gratifying ,States One Of Its Critics, To Note That His Attitude In Respect Of The Problems Discussed By Him Is Quite Reasonable And Non-Dogmatic. The Society Of The Ramayana Contains The Results Of The Researches Conducted By Dr. Ananda Guruge During The Years 1951 And 1952 In Ceylon And India Under The Guidance Of Professor O.H.De A.Wijesekera, Professor Of Sanskrit, University Of Ceylon, Peradeniya. It Was Presented To The University Of Ceylon In 1953 Under The Title Social Conditions Of Ancient India As Reflected In The Ramayana And Was Accepted For The Ph.D. Degree.Since Its Publication In Sri Lanka In 1960, It Has Been Widely Used By Scholars Throughout The World, As Demonstrated By Scholars Throughout The World, As Demonstrated By Numerous References In Monographs And Articles. Referring To The Wealth Of Data In The Ramayana Translation, Describes In 1984 Dr. Guruge S Work As The Elaborate And Useful Treatment. In 1965. It Was Translated Into Tamil, As Ramayana Samudayam Dr. Guruge Is Currently Sri Lanka S Ambassador And Permanent Delegate To Unesco In Paris, France. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Ramayana at a Glance Sadguru Sant Keshavadas, 1988 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Arrow of the Blue-skinned God Jonah Blank, 2000 Anthropologist and journalist Blank gives a new perspective to the 3,000-year-old Hindu classic, retelling the ancient tale while following the course of Rama's journey through present-day India and Sri Lanka. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Hinduism Roshen Dalal, 2014-04-18 An invaluable encyclopedia of Hinduism Hinduism is one of the world’s oldest religions; an amalgam of diverse beliefs and schools, it originates in the Vedas and is rooted in Indian culture. Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide illuminates complex philosophical concepts through lucid definitions, a historical perspective and incisive analyses. It examines various aspects of Hinduism, covering festivals and rituals, gods and goddesses, philosophers, memorials, aesthetics, and sacred plants and animals. The author also explores pivotal ideas, including moksha, karma, dharma and samsara, and details the diverse commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita and other important texts. Citing extensively from the regional languages, the book describes Hinduism’s innumerable myths and legends, and looks at the many versions of texts including the Ramayana and Mahabharata, placing each entry in its historical context and tracing its evolution to the present. • Outlines all eighteen major Puranas, the 108 Upanishads, and a selection of Vaishnava, Sahiva and Tantric texts • Provides quotations from rare original texts • A product of years of research, with a wide range of entries |
| jain version of ramayana book: Hanuman Devdutt Pattanaik, 2001 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Catalogue of the Library of the India Office: pt. 1. Sanskrit books [by] by R. Rost. 1897 Great Britain. India Office. Library, 1908 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Catalogue of the Library of the India Office: pt. 1. Sanskrit books India Office Library, 1908 |
| jain version of ramayana book: Like a Girl Aparna Jain, 2018-06-25 A sparkling collection of real-life stories of women who have lived extraordinary and inspirational lives, drawn from different times in our history and the present. What led these women to strike out the way they did? When and how did the impressionable young child in them become an independent-minded adult? From Saina Nehwal, P. V. Sindhu and Sania Mirza to Rukhmabai Raut, Bama and Muthulakshmi Reddi, from the Rani of Jhansi and Razia Sultan to Sharmila Irom, Medha Patkar and Soni Sori, these life stories will engage and challenge the young reader. So, when next you want to read your child a story, reach for this book, with its wonderfully imagined portraits in words and art. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Jainism Lakshit Kankariya, 2019-04-30 Along with Hinduism and Buddhism, Jainism is one of the three most ancient Indian religious traditions still in existence and an integral part of South Asian religious belief and practice. While often employing concepts shared with Hinduism and Buddhism, the result of a common cultural and linguistic background, the Jain tradition must be regarded as an independent phenomenon rather than as a Hindu sect or a Buddhist heresy, as some earlier Western scholars believed.The name Jainism derives from the Sanskrit verb ji, to conquer. It refers to the ascetic battle that, it is believed, Jain renunciants (monks and nuns) must fight against the passions and bodily senses to gain enlightenment, or omniscience and purity of soul. The most illustrious of those few individuals who have achieved enlightenment are called Jina (literally, Conqueror), and the tradition's monastic and lay adherents are called Jain (Follower of the Conquerors), or Jaina. This term came to replace a more ancient designation, Nirgrantha (Bondless), originally applied to renunciants only.Jainism has been confined largely to India, although the recent migration of Indians to other, predominantly English-speaking countries has spread its practice to many Commonwealth nations and to the United States. Precise statistics are not available, but it is estimated that there are more than four million Jains, the vast majority of whom live in India. |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2010 (New Edition) Thorpe, 2010 An Updated and Revised Edition of the Most Popular General Knowledge Manual |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Forefathers Sulabh Agnihotri, 2019 |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Pearson General Studies Manual 2009, 1/e Showick Thorpe Edgar Thorpe, 2009 This latest edition of The Pearson General Studies Manual continues to provide exhaustive study material for the General Studies paper of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. This student-friendly book has been completely revised, thoroughly updated and carefully streamlined and is strictly exam-centric. In this new edition, a large number of new boxes and marginalia—with additional and relevant information—have been added to provide cutting-edge information to the aspirant. Readers will find that important facts and information have been presented in the form of well-structured tables and lists. |
| jain version of ramayana book: Kaikeyi Vaishnavi Patel, 2022-04-26 An instant New York Times bestseller and Tiktok sensation, Vaishnavi Patel's stunning debut Kaikeyi reimagines the life of the infamous queen from Indian epic the Ramayana... The only daughter of a king, Kaikeyi watches as her mother is banished and her own worth is reduced to what marriage alliance she can secure. Although she was raised on stories of the might and benevolence of the gods, her prayers for help go unanswered. She turns to her mother's library and discovers a magic that is hers alone. With this power, Kaikeyi transforms herself from an overlooked princess into a warrior, diplomat and favoured queen, determined to carve a better world for herself and the women around her. But when evils from her childhood stories threaten her world, the path she has forged clashes with the destiny the gods have chosen for her family. Kaikeyi must decide if resistance is worth the destruction it will wreak - and what legacy she intends to leave behind. A must for readers of historical and mythological retellings such as Madeline Miller's Circe and Jennifer Saint's Ariadne, this powerful debut weaves a tale of an extraordinary woman determined to leave her mark in a world where gods and men dictate the shape of things to come. Praise for Kaikeyi: 'Mythic retelling at its best' R. F. Kuang, author of The Poppy War 'Utterly captivating from start to finish' Genevieve Gornichec, author of The Witch's Heart 'Brave, compassionate and powerful' Tasha Suri, author of The Jasmine Throne 'A lyrical and evocative retelling, full of power and grace' Ava Reid, author of The Wolf and the Woodsman 'Compulsively readable and infinitely compassionate' Roshani Chokshi, author of The Gilded Wolves 'A thought-provoking, nuanced new look at one of humanity's most foundational stories' S. A. Chakraborty, author of The City of Brass 'Fans of Madeline Miller's Circe will fall hard for this story' Booklist (starred review) |
| jain version of ramayana book: Sita Bhanumathi Narasimhan, 2021 Sita by Bhanumathi-ji is deeply stirring and weaves an intricate tapestry of sensitivity with strength and wisdom as the story unfolds |
| jain version of ramayana book: Ramayana Versus Mahabharata Devdutt Pattanaik, 2017-01-03 RAMAYANA MAHABHARATA Also available as an e-book Non-fiction/Philosophy RAMAYANA vs DEVDUTT PATTANAIK MAHAB HARATA |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Pearson CSAT Manual 2011 Edgar Thorpe, Showick Thorpe, |
| jain version of ramayana book: The Theosophist , 1889 |
Jainism - Wikipedia
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion whose three main pillars are nonviolence , asceticism , and a rejection of all simplistic and one …
Dipana Jain, PsyD – Iris Therapy Services - Therapist i…
Dr. Dipana Jain is a licensed clinical psychologist in the state of Virginia. She specializes in treating teens and adults experiencing anxiety and anxiety disorders, ADHD, phobias, and …
Definition, Beliefs, History, Literature, & Facts - Britannica
Apr 23, 2025 · While often employing concepts shared with Hinduism and Buddhism, the result of a common cultural and linguistic background, the Jain tradition must be regarded as …
Dipana Jain, Psychologist, Arlington, VA, 22201 | Psychol…
Dipana Jain, Psychologist, Arlington, VA, 22201, (703) 691-5606 x405, In our work together, we will identify and reach towards your fullest potential, build a sense of confidence and ease, and ...
Jainism - World History Encyclopedia
Sep 21, 2020 · Jainism is one of the oldest religions in the world. The name comes from jiva (soul or life force but, capitalized, is also given as Spiritual Conqueror) as it maintains that all …
Jainism - Wikipedia
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion whose three main pillars are nonviolence , asceticism , and a rejection of all simplistic and one-sided views of truth and reality …
Dipana Jain, PsyD – Iris Therapy Services - Therapist in Arlington VA
Dr. Dipana Jain is a licensed clinical psychologist in the state of Virginia. She specializes in treating teens and adults experiencing anxiety and anxiety disorders, ADHD, phobias, and depression. Dr. Jain …
Definition, Beliefs, History, Literature, & Facts - Britannica
Apr 23, 2025 · While often employing concepts shared with Hinduism and Buddhism, the result of a common cultural and linguistic background, the Jain tradition must be regarded as an independent phenomenon …
Dipana Jain, Psychologist, Arlington, VA, 22201 | Psychology …
Dipana Jain, Psychologist, Arlington, VA, 22201, (703) 691-5606 x405, In our work together, we will identify and reach towards your fullest potential, build a sense of confidence and …
Jainism - World History Encyclopedia
Sep 21, 2020 · Jainism is one of the oldest religions in the world. The name comes from jiva (soul or life force but, capitalized, is also given as Spiritual Conqueror) as it maintains that all living things possess an immortal …
