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| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731: Laboratory of the Devil, Auschwitz of the East Yang Yan-Jun, Tam Yue-Him, 2018-04-28 This book exposes Unit 731 as being the largest bacterial warfare force in the history of the Second World War. Manufacture and the use of biological weapons, the entire process of preparation and implementation of germ warfare, with the reflection on war and human nature, medical and ethical issues, is given by the testimony of the veterans of Unit 731. This evidence is provided by the surviving Chinese labourers and the families of the victims. The book focuses on five aspects: first, the inhuman medical crimes of Unit 731 weapons, the biological combats, and human experiments; secondly, the war damage and the postwar effects of biological war by Unit 731 brought to China and other Asian countries; thirdly, the survey and cover-up at the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials; fourthly the protection status of the site with development status of the exhibition and international exchanges of the Unit 731 Museum; fifthly and finally, there is a separate chapter discussing Japanese chemical warfare. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731 Hal Gold, 2011-09-13 This is a riveting and disturbing account of the medical atrocities performed in and around Japan during WWII. Some of the cruelest deeds of Japan's war in Asia did not occur on the battlefield, but in quiet, antiseptic medical wards in obscure parts of the continent. Far from front lines and prying eyes, Japanese doctors and their assistants subjected human guinea pigs to gruesome medical experiments. In the first part of Unit 731: Testimony author Hal Gold draws upon a painstakingly accumulated reservoir of sources to construct a portrait of the Imperial Japanese Army's most notorious medical unit, giving an overview of its history and detailing its most shocking activities. The second half of the book consists almost entirely of the words of former unit members themselves, taken from remarks they made at a traveling Unit 731 exhibition held around Japan in 1994-95. These people recount their vivid first-hand memories of what it was like to cut open pregnant women as they lay awake on the vivisection table, inject plague germs into healthy farmers, and carry buckets of fresh blood and organs through corridors to their appropriate destinations. Unit 731: Testimony represents an essential addition to the growing body of literature on the still-unfolding story of one of the most infamous military outfits in modern history. By showing how the ethics of normal men and women, and even an entire profession, can be warped by the fire of war, this important book offers a window on a time of human madness, in the hope that such days will never come again. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731 Peter Williams, Robert Williams, 1993-02-01 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Factories of Death Sheldon H. Harris, 1994 Discusses the types of biological warfare experiments conducted by the Japanese during World War II and the scientists who worked on them, and examines the deal made with the U.S. government in exchange for results of those tests |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Doctors from Hell Vivien Spitz, 2005-04 A chilling story of human depravity and ultimate justice, told for the first time by an eyewitness court reporter for the Nuremberg war crimes trial of Nazi doctors. This is the account of 23 men torturing and killing by experiment in the name of scientific research and patriotism. Doctors from Hell includes trial transcripts that have not been easily available to the general public and previously unpublished photographs used as evidence in the trial. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Devil's Doctors Mark Felton, 2012-07-19 The author of Guarding Hitler delivers “a study revealing the Japanese use of Allied POWs in medical experiments during WWII.”—The Guardian The brutal Japanese treatment of Allied POWs in WW2 has been well documented. The experiences of British, Australian and American POWs on the Burma Railway, in the mines of Formosa and in camps across the Far East, were bad enough. But the mistreatment of those used as guinea pigs in medical experiments was in a different league. The author reveals distressing evidence of Unit 731 experiments involving US prisoners and the use of British as control groups in Northern China, Hainau Island, New Guinea and in Japan. These resulted in loss of life and extreme suffering. Perhaps equally shocking is the documentary evidence of British Government use of the results of these experiments at Porton Down in the Cold War era in concert with the US who had captured Unit 731 scientists and protected them from war crime prosecution in return for their cooperation. The author’s in-depth research reveals that, not surprisingly, archives have been combed of much incriminating material but enough remains to paint a thoroughly disturbing story. “The narrative does not seek sensation or attempt to draw irrefutable conclusions where it is clearly impossible to do so, instead it simply provides a balanced assessment of what is known and what seems probable.”—Pegasus Archive |
| japan human experiments world war 2: A Plague Upon Humanity Daniel Barenblatt, 2006-04 From 1932 to 1945, in a race to develop germ warfare capability for the Imperial Japanese military thousands of Japanese doctors, nurses and scientists willingly took part in what was known at the time as the secret of secrets: horrifying experiments on innocent Chinese men, women and children, as well as experiments on American prisoners of war. An elite group known as Unit 731, led by Dr Shiro Ishii (Japan’s answer to Joseph Mengele), infected thousands of prisoners with virulent strains of typhoid, plague, cholera and other epidemic diseases. Germ warfare campaigns were launched against China, cities and towns were hit with biological bombs. Yet after the war, General Douglas MacArthur struck a deal with these doctors, shielding them from accountability for their crimes. Provocative, compelling and alarming, A Plague Upon Humanity exposes one of the most shameful chapters in human history – the story of Japan’s deadly biological warfare programme, and how it was hidden from the history of World War Two. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Factories of Death Sheldon H. Harris, 2002 First Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Japan's Wartime Medical Atrocities Jing Bao Nie, Nanyan Guo, Mark Selden, Arthur Kleinman, 2013-07-03 Prior to and during the Second World War, the Japanese Army established programs of biological warfare throughout China and elsewhere. In these “factories of death,” including the now-infamous Unit 731, Japanese doctors and scientists conducted large numbers of vivisections and experiments on human beings, mostly Chinese nationals. However, as a result of complex historical factors including an American cover-up of the atrocities, Japanese denials, and inadequate responses from successive Chinese governments, justice has never been fully served. This volume brings together the contributions of a group of scholars from different countries and various academic disciplines. It examines Japan’s wartime medical atrocities and their postwar aftermath from a comparative perspective and inquires into perennial issues of historical memory, science, politics, society and ethics elicited by these rebarbative events. The volume’s central ethical claim is that the failure to bring justice to bear on the systematic abuse of medical research by Japanese military medical personnel more than six decades ago has had a profoundly retarding influence on the development and practice of medical and social ethics in all of East Asia. The book also includes an extensive annotated bibliography selected from relevant publications in Japanese, Chinese and English. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Biological & Chemical Warfare Hal Marcovitz, 2010-01-01 This title examines one of the worlds critical issues, biological and chemical warfare. Readers will learn the historical background of this issue leading up to its current and future impact on society. The Hague Peace Conventions, the Geneva Protocol, and the Chemical Weapons Convention are discussed in detail. Programs that protect the United States against biological or chemical attack are also introduced. Engaging text, informative sidebars, and color photographs present information realistically, leaving readers with a thorough, honest interpretation of biological and chemical warfare. Features include a timeline, facts, additional resources, Web sites, a glossary, a bibliography, and an index. Essential Issues is a series in Essential Library, an imprint of ABDO Publishing Company. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731 Cover-Up Haddie Beckham, Merja Pyykkonen, 2020-11-25 During the occupation of Japan after WWII, the US had an important decision to make. Should they hold those responsible for atrocities during the war accountable or should they take the information to advance national interest? The researchers who worked at Unit 731, the biological and chemical warfare research and development unit, were given immunity in exchange for their research data. Unit 731 included factories filled with humans, tested with various diseases, as well as field tests on civilians of the Soviet Union and China. Imperial Japan had aspirations to develop operative tools of biological warfare, one that was prohibited after World War I. Using alive human captives, the Japanese scientists of the medical profession gathered data on the progression of the diseases until the human guinea pigs collapsed. Most of these scientists lived peacefully after WWII, with a few of them having to go through the Khabarovsk Trial, which was deemed by the West as communist propaganda. Most of the horrors on Unit 731 had been hearsays and rumors until recently with the passing of the Freedom of Information Act. This book is based on documents found in the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, Russian archival documents, and translations of the Khabarovsk Trial to paint a complete picture of the cover-up of the atrocious act of Unit 731. Readers could expect to questions themselves with this evidence: Should war crimes be covered up in the name of national interest? |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Marutas of Unit 731 Jenny Chan, 2020-09-20 Euphemistically labeled as the Water Supply and Prophylaxis Administration and HippoEpizootic Administration of the Imperial Japanese Army, Unit 731 and Unit 100, as well as their subsidiary branches, performed human experimentation on the innocents under the leadership of Dr. Ishii Shiro. The Kempeitai, AKA, the military police captured any patriots for Unit 731's prison. The prisoners included Chinese patriots, civilians, Russians, and allied POWs. Although the exact number of victims is unclear since the Japanese destroyed most of the evidence at the end of the war, but it ranged from 3,000-250,000 innocent men, women, and children. The cruel experiments and medical procedures were carried out by the brightest medical students and staff that Imperial Japan had to offer. For the scientists to treat the prisoners less like humans, they called them Marutas or logs. The experimentations included their reaction to bubonic plague, typhoid, paratyphoid A and B, typhus, anthrax, smallpox, tularemia, infectious jaundice, gas gangrene, tetanus, cholera, dysentery, glanders, scarlet fever, undulant fever, tick encephalitis, songo or epidemic hemorrhagic fever, whooping cough, diphtheria, pneumonia, erysipelas, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, venereal diseases, tuberculosis, salmonella, frostbites, and many other viruses and bacteria. To observe the real-time effects of these deadly diseases and bacteria, these prisoners were often subject to vivisections without the use of anesthesia. Then there was the ANTA testing ground where the human test subjects were exposed to bacterial weapons under field conditions. For example, to test weapons developed with gas gangrene, ten Chinese prisoners were tied to stakes from 10-20 meters apart, and a bomb was set off by electricity. All ten prisoners were injured by shrapnel contaminated with gas gangrene. Within a week, they all died in severe torment. The study of the pathogens was also conducted with human experimentation. Vaccines were then developed to protect the Imperial Japanese Army in case they were to face a total war where they employ the bacteriological weapons produced by Unit 731. In the case where a human experimental subject was exhausted from the experiments, they were to be killed one way or another. Some test subjects were handed potassium cyanides, while others had porridge with heroin. These medical doctors who performed routine human experiments were allowed to escape persecution, unlike their Nazi counterparts in Europe. Most of them were rewarded handsomely with great careers after the war. Not only did they not face any consequences, but most of them also lived successfully after the war was over. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Interrogations of Japanese Officials United States Strategic Bombing Survey, 1946 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731 Peter Williams, David Wallace, 1989-01-01 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Hidden Atrocities Jeanne Guillemin, 2017 Hidden Atrocities reveals the American obstruction that denied justice to Japan's WWII victims at the postwar Tokyo Trial. Jeanne Guillemin explains how U.S. national security goals led to the failure to prosecute imperial Japanese leaders for the war crimes of Unit 731, Japan's secret germ-warfare program. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: War without Mercy John Dower, 2012-03-28 WINNER OF THE NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD • AN AMERICAN BOOK AWARD FINALIST • A monumental history that has been hailed by The New York Times as “one of the most original and important books to be written about the war between Japan and the United States.” In this monumental history, Professor John Dower reveals a hidden, explosive dimension of the Pacific War—race—while writing what John Toland has called “a landmark book ... a powerful, moving, and evenhanded history that is sorely needed in both America and Japan.” Drawing on American and Japanese songs, slogans, cartoons, propaganda films, secret reports, and a wealth of other documents of the time, Dower opens up a whole new way of looking at that bitter struggle of four and a half decades ago and its ramifications in our lives today. As Edwin O. Reischauer, former ambassador to Japan, has pointed out, this book offers “a lesson that the postwar generations need most ... with eloquence, crushing detail, and power.” |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Comfort Women Yoshiaki Yoshimi, 2000 Available for the first time in English, this is the definitive account of the practice of sexual slavery the Japanese military perpetrated during World War II by the researcher principally responsible for exposing the Japanese government's responsibility for these atrocities. The large scale imprisonment and rape of thousands of women, who were euphemistically called comfort women by the Japanese military, first seized public attention in 1991 when three Korean women filed suit in a Toyko District Court stating that they had been forced into sexual servitude and demanding compensation. Since then the comfort stations and their significance have been the subject of ongoing debate and intense activism in Japan, much if it inspired by Yoshimi's investigations. How large a role did the military, and by extension the government, play in setting up and administering these camps? What type of compensation, if any, are the victimized women due? These issues figure prominently in the current Japanese focus on public memory and arguments about the teaching and writing of history and are central to efforts to transform Japanese ways of remembering the war. Yoshimi Yoshiaki provides a wealth of documentation and testimony to prove the existence of some 2,000 centers where as many as 200,000 Korean, Filipina, Taiwanese, Indonesian, Burmese, Dutch, Australian, and some Japanese women were restrained for months and forced to engage in sexual activity with Japanese military personnel. Many of the women were teenagers, some as young as fourteen. To date, the Japanese government has neither admitted responsibility for creating the comfort station system nor given compensation directly to former comfort women. This English edition updates the Japanese edition originally published in 1995 and includes introductions by both the author and the translator placing the story in context for American readers. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: War Crimes in Japan-Occupied Indonesia J. Kevin Baird, Sangkot Marzuki, 2015-05-15 Shortly after Pearl Harbor, the Japanese Imperial Army invaded the Dutch East Indies, now known as Indonesia. A deceitful campaign promoting Asian brotherhood recruited and coerced young Indonesian men to support the Japanese occupation with the sinister outcome that several million of them were worked to death or summarily killed as expendable slave laborers, or romusha, as they were called. While many romusha disappeared from the record, nine hundred were known victims of a brutal and immoral medical experiment perpetuated by an increasingly desperate Imperial Japan. In anticipation of a land assault, the Japanese needed a means to protect their troops from tetanus, and they used these nine hundred men as human guinea pigs to test an insufficiently vetted vaccine. Within days, all nine hundred suffered the protracted, agonizing death of acute tetanus. With the Allied forces poised for victory, the Japanese needed a scapegoat for this well-documented incident if they were to avoid war-crimes prosecution. They brutally tortured Achmad Mochtar, a native Indonesian and renowned scientist, along with his colleagues at the Eijkman Institute in Batavia (now Jakarta), until Mochtar signed a confession to the murders in exchange for the liberty of his fellow scientists. The Japanese beheaded Mochtar weeks before the war ended. War Crimes in Japan-Occupied Indonesia unravels the deceit of the Japanese Army, the reasons for the mass murder of the romusha, and Mochtar's heroic role in these tragic events. The end result finds justice for Mochtar and reveals the true extent of one of the least recognized war crimes of World War II. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Censoring History Laura E. Hein, Mark Selden, 2016-09-16 Considering the great influence textbooks have as interpreters of history, politics and culture to future generations of citizens, it is no surprise that they generate considerable controversy. Focusing largely on textbook treatment of lingering - and sometimes explosive - tensions originating in World War II, Censoring History addresses issues of textbook nationalism in historical and comparative perspective. Discussions include Japan's Comfort Women and the Nanjing Massacre; Nazi genocide against the Jews, Gypsies, Catholics and others; Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the Indochina wars. The essays address controversies over textbook content around the globe: How and why do specific representations of war evolve? What are the international and national forces affecting how textbook writers, publishers and state censors depict the past? How do these forces differ from country to country? Other comparative essays analyze nationalist and war controversies in German, US and Chinese textbook debates. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Biology of Doom Ed Regis, 1999-11-15 The first book to expose the true story of America's secret program to create biological weapons of mass destruction. From anthrax to botulism, from smallpox to Ebola, the threat of biological destruction is rapidly overtaking our collective fear of atomic weaponry. In an era when a lone fanatic could wipe out an entire population with the contents of a small vial, the specter of germ warfare has moved into a prominent position in the public's mind. This riveting narrative traces America's own covert biological weapons program from its origins in World War II to its abrupt cancellation in 1969. This project, at its peak, employed 5,000 people, tested pathogens on 2,000 live human volunteers, and conducted open-air tests on American soil. The U.S. government appropriated research from Japanese experiments on Chinese civilians, thus benefiting from one of the twentieth century's greatest atrocities; sprayed its own cities with bacterial aerosols; and stockpiled millions of bacterial bombs for instant deployment. Yet, surprisingly, almost nothing has been published about this project until now. In light of America's increasing surveillance and condemnation of foreign biological weapons programs, this exposé of America's own dangerous Cold War secret is both fascinating and shocking. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Medicine and Medical Ethics in Nazi Germany Francis R. Nicosia, Jonathan Huener, 2002 The participation of German physicians in medical experiments on innocent people and mass murder is one of the most disturbing aspects of the Nazi era and the Holocaust. These six essays address the critical issues raised by these experiments. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Big Switch (The War That Came Early, Book Three) Harry Turtledove, 2012-06-26 In 1941 Winston Churchill was Hitler’s worst enemy. Then a Nazi secret agent changed everything. What if Neville Chamberlain, instead of appeasing Hitler, had stood up to him in 1938? Enraged, Hitler reacts by lashing out at the West, promising his soldiers that they will reach Paris by the new year. Instead, three years pass, and with his genocidal apparatus not fully in place, Hitler barely survives a coup, while Jews cling to survival, and England and France wonder whether the war is still worthwhile. The stage is set for World War II to unfold far differently from the history we know—courtesy of Harry Turtledove, wizard of “what if?,” in the continuation of his thrilling series: The War That Came Early. Through the eyes of characters ranging from a brawling American serving with the Abraham Lincoln Brigade in Spain to a woman who has seen Hitler’s evil face-to-face, The Big Switch rolls relentlessly forward into 1941. As the Germans and their Polish allies slam into the gut of the Soviet Union in the west, Japan pummels away in the east. Meanwhile, in the trenches of France, French and Czech forces are outmanned but not outfought by their Nazi enemy. Then the stalemate is shattered. In England Winston Churchill dies suddenly, leaving the gray men wondering who their real enemy is. And as the USSR makes peace with Japan, the empire of the Rising Sun looks westward—its war with America about to begin. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Nazi and Japanese Human Experimentation Programmes Tim Heath, 2024-12-31 Explores Nazi and Japanese WWII human experimentation, revealing the horrifying abuses, motivations, and post-war consequences, including evasion of justice. Among the most appalling cruelties perpetrated throughout the course of the Second World War was undoubtedly that of human medical and military experimentation conducted upon both living and deceased human beings. The various Nazi human experimentation programs were initially carried out not so much in the pursuit of any particular scientific discipline, but largely as a result of the Third Reich’s obsession with race and eugenics. However, this criminal sub-discipline of the Nazi fascination, with its warped racial ideologies, was excused as little other than collateral damage by many of the Nazi physicians and their assistants. Germany’s Axis ally, the Japanese Empire, notorious for its cruelty and sadism ran its own independent programs of human experimentation such as Unit 731 where human beings were not only subject to the most appalling abuses but were injected with cocktails of poisons and/or diseases and in some instances were dissected while fully conscious without any anaesthesia being administered beforehand. It can be said that both Third Reich Germany and Imperial Japan had a more or less inexhaustible supply of human Guinea pigs throughout the Second World War for its ghastly enterprise in human medical experimentation. These unfortunate souls consisted largely of concentration camp inmates or in the case of the Japanese the indigenous peoples of the lands they conquered along with British, American, Indian and Australian Allied prisoners of war. Yet what was the true purpose of these so-called experiments and what requisites if any were, they to serve? And does any evidence suggest that mutual cooperation existed between Nazi Germany and the Japanese Empire towards the collation of data through the execution of these ghastly endeavours? Another facet examined within this work is why those Japanese physicians involved in human experimentation and medical torture were excused indictments for war crimes when the evidence against them was clearly so overwhelming? And is there any truth to suggest that the Allied powers benefited from the material obtained through questioning at the end of the Second World War? The complicity of both the German and Japanese pharmaceutical companies also has to be brought into question as many cooperated willingly with the military making handsome profits in the process. This work is written in an attempt at analysing all of these factors within the context of a single volume, utilising the testimonies of perpetrator and victim through many new first-hand and archival sources. This volume also serves as a horrifying and sobering reminder of the capability of man’s inhumanity through two of the worst military regimes of twentieth-century history. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Keen as Mustard Bridget Goodwin, 1998 A challenge of the what good is it going to do anyway variety by an elderly, sick mustard gas volunteer led reporter Bridget Goodwin to investigate the history of human experimentation and chemical weapons and current efforts to ban such weapons. On the eve of the Gulf War, her Keen as Mustard doc |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Naruto: Itachi's Story, Vol. 1 Akira Higashiyama,Takashi Yano,Shin Towada,Jun Esaka,Mirei Miyamoto, 2016-11-01 Uchiha Itachi, four years of age. With the hell of war burned into his eyes, the boy makes a resolution: he will rid this world of all violence. The birth of Sasuke, meeting his friend Shisui, the academy, genin, chunin, and then the Anbu—Itachi races down the path of glory toward his dream of becoming the first Uchiha Hokage, unaware of the darkness that lies ahead... -- VIZ Media |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Escape from Battambang Geoffrey Tan, 2001 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Operation Storm John Geoghegan, 2014-03-18 The riveting true story of Japan's top secret plan to change the course of World War II using a squadron of mammoth submarines a generation ahead of their time In 1941, the architects of Japan's sneak attack on Pearl Harbor planned a bold follow-up: a potentially devastating air raid—this time against New York City and Washington, DC. The classified Japanese program required developing a squadron of top secret submarines—the Sen-toku or I-400 class—designed as underwater aircraft carriers, each equipped with three Aichi M6A1 attack bombers painted to look like U.S. aircraft. The bombers, called Seiran (which translates as “storm from a clear sky”), were tucked in a huge, water-tight hanger on the sub’s deck. The subs' mission was to travel more than halfway around the world, surface on the U.S. coast, and launch their deadly air attack. This entire operation was unknown to U.S. intelligence. And the amazing thing is how close the Japanese came to pulling it off. John Geoghegan’s meticulous research, including first-person accounts from the I-401 crew and the U.S. capturing party, creates a fascinating portrait of the Sen-toku's desperate push into Allied waters and the U.S. Navy's dramatic pursuit, masterfully illuminating a previously forgotten story of the Pacific war. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Japanese War Crimes during World War II Frank Jacob, 2018-06-08 A challenging examination of Japanese war crimes during World War II offers a fresh perspective on the Pacific War-and a better understanding of reasons for the wartime use of extreme mass violence. The 1937 Rape of Nanjing has become a symbol of Japanese violence during the Second World War, but it was not the only event during which the Japanese used extreme force. This thought-provoking book analyzes Japan's actions during the war, without blaming Japan, helping readers understand what led to those eruptions. In fact, the author specifically disputes the idea that the forms of extreme violence used in the Pacific War were particularly Japanese. The volume starts by examining the Rape of Nanjing, then goes on to address Japan's acts of individual and collective violence throughout the conflict. Unlike other works on the subject, it combines historical, sociological, and psychological perspectives on violence with a specific study of the Japanese army, seeking to define the reasons for the use of extreme violence in each particular case. Both a historical survey and an explanation of Japanese warfare, the book scrutinizes incidents of violence perpetrated by the Japanese vis-à-vis theories that explore the use of violence as part of human nature. In doing so, it provides far-reaching insights into the use of collective violence and torture in war overall, as well as motivations for committing atrocities. Finally, the author discusses current political implications stemming from Japan's continued refusal to acknowledge its war-time actions as war crimes. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: History Textbooks and the Wars in Asia Gi-Wook Shin, Daniel C. Sneider, 2013 Over the past fifteen years Northeast Asia has witnessed growing intraregional exchanges and interactions, especially in the realms of culture and economy. Still, the region cannot escape from the burden of history. This book examines the formation of historical memory in four Northeast Asian societies (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) and the United States focusing on the period from the beginning of the Sino-Japanese war in 1931 until the formal conclusion of the Pacific War with the San Francisco Peace Treaty of 1951. The contributors analyse the recent efforts of Korean, Japanese, and Chinese scholars to write a 'common history' of Northeast Asia and question the underlying motivations for their efforts and subsequent achievements. In doing so, they contend that the greatest obstacle to reconciliation in Northeast Asia lies in the existence of divided, and often conflicting, historical memories. The book argues that a more fruitful approach lies in understanding how historical memory has evolved in each country and been incorporated into respective master narratives. Through uncovering the existence of different master narratives, it is hoped, citizens will develop a more self-critical, self-reflective approach to their own history and that such an introspective effort has the potential to lay the foundation for greater self- and mutual understanding and eventual historical reconciliation in the region. This book will be essential reading for students and scholars of Asian history, Asian education and international relations in East Asia. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Year Zero Ian Buruma, 2013-10-03 Many books have been written, and continue to be written, about the Second World War: military histories, histories of the Holocaust, the war in Asia, or collaboration and resistance in Europe. Few books have taken a close look at the immediate aftermath of the worldwide catastrophe. Drawing on hundreds of eye-witness accounts and personal stories, this sweeping book examines the seven months (in Europe) and four months (in Asia) that followed the surrender of the Axis powers, from the fate of Holocaust survivors liberated from the concentration camps, and the formation of the state of Israel, to the incipient civil war in China, and the allied occupation of Japan. It was a time when terrible revenge was taken on collaborators and their former masters; of ubiquitous black markets, war crime tribunals; and the servicing of millions of occupation troops, former foes in some places, liberators in others. But Year Zero is not just a story of vengeance. It was also a new beginning, of democratic restorations in Japan and West Germany, of social democracy in Britain and of a new world order under the United Nations. If construction follows destruction, Year Zero describes that extraordinary moment in between, when people faced the wreckage, full of despair, as well as great hope. An old world had been destroyed; a new one was yet to be built. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Three Years Eight Months Derek Pua, Chris Suen, Ayda Basaran, 2017-08-25 The occupational period by the Imperial Japanese Army in WWII is Hong Kong¿s darkest chapter in history, colloquially known as the ¿Three Years and Eight Months¿ period amongst veterans and survivors. However, the lack of contemporary interests towards this subject by historians has led to a limited amount of academic works on the subject being published. This lack of written works, coupled with the declining population of veterans and survivors, has already resulted in the memory of the war to be neglected amongst Hong Kong¿s youth, almost forgotten. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Nazi Doctors Robert Jay Lifton, 2000 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Encyclopaedia Britannica Hugh Chisholm, 1910 This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Materials on the Trial of Former Servicemen of the Japanese Army Charged with Manufacturing and Employing Bacteriological Weapons , 1950 Text is concerned with the trial before the Military Tribunal of the Primorye Military Area. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: The Knights of Bushido Edward Frederick Langley Russell Baron Russell of Liverpool, 2005 This is the classic, standard account of Japanese war crimes; a best seller in its time, but out of print for many years. Between 1931 and 1945 Japanese troops rampaged through one defeated country after another, executing civilians, despoiling cities, massacring prisoners and cruelly exploiting prisoners of war and native populations. This sweeping indictment of atrocities committed by the forces of the Rising Sun is a detailed and carefully documented study and one that throws light onto one of the most disturbing episodes of World War II. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Racial Hygiene Robert Proctor, 1988 Asserts that German medical professionals (including biologists and anthropologists) supported Nazism earlier, in greater numbers, and more enthusiastically than did members of any other profession. In organizations, books, periodicals, university courses, and research institutes they developed and propagated the science of racial hygiene. Ch. 6 (p. 131-176), Antisemitism in the German Medical Community, describes the gradual exclusion of Jews from medical practice between 1933-38. Medical professionals played an active part in planning and carrying out the Final Solution. Only a handful were tried; many others (e.g. Otmar von Verschuer, who commissioned Mengele's twin studies for his Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology) continued to occupy influential positions after the war. The German medical profession ignored the Nuremberg doctors' trial and the record of medical complicity in Nazi crimes. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: International Security and Nuclear Weapons Ekaterina Yushina, 2017-12-21 Today, the concept of security is multi-layered as a result of evolution of threats we face. The fear of war has been by far the most powerful influence that fueled the armament race and shaped the course of international relations and human history. How did understanding of war and peace evolve? How are nuclear weapons changing our sense of security? What is the future of nuclear proliferation? A deep dive into the views of leaders of thought who influenced the political decisions and formed global approaches to the eternal problem of war and peace. |
| japan human experiments world war 2: A Higher Form of Killing Robert Harris, 1983-04 |
| japan human experiments world war 2: Unit 731 Peter Williams, David Wallace, 1989 Why was evidence of Japanese bacteriological and chemical warfare not presented at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal and what part did America play in the conver-up of these crimes? |
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Held from April 13 to October 13, 2025. 64 million visitors - more than half of Japan's population - visited the Expo 70 in Osaka, making it one of the most successful events in the country's …
Tokyo City Guide - What to do in Tokyo - japan-guide.com
Tokyo (東京, Tōkyō) is Japan's capital and the world's most populous metropolis. It is also one of Japan's 47 prefectures, consisting of 23 central city wards and multiple cities, towns and …
Electricity in Japan
The frequency of electric current is 50 Hertz in eastern Japan (including Tokyo, Yokohama, Tohoku, Hokkaido) and 60 Hertz in western Japan (including Nagoya, Osaka, Kyoto, …
japan-guide.com - Japan Travel and Living Guide
Japan's tallest mountains, Nagoya and great sake. Explore. Kansai Region From Kyoto's temples to Osaka's ...
Japan Travel Guide - Destinations
• Kusatsu Onsen One of Japan's best hot spring towns. • Yokohama Japan's second largest city. • Oze National Park Popular hiking destination with a marshland. • Manza Onsen Hot spring resort …
Japan Geography - japan-guide.com
Japan is politically structured into 8 regions and 47 prefectures. Population. The population of Japan is about 125 million, including around 3 million foreign residents. Earthquakes and …
Taxes in Japan - japan-guide.com
A person who has lived in Japan for at least five years or has the intention of staying in Japan permanently. Permanent residents pay taxes on all income from Japan and abroad. Note that tax …
Japan Travel Essentials - Plan Your Trip - japan-guide.com
We strive to keep Japan Guide up-to-date and accurate, and we're always looking for ways to improve. If you have any updates, suggestions, corrections or opinions, please let us know:. Send …
Golf in Japan - japan-guide.com
Golf (ゴルフ) is a popular sport in Japan. A large variety of courses for golfers of every budget and skill level can be found across all regions of Japan, with some of the best located around famous …
Soccer in Japan - japan-guide.com
Competitive soccer in Japan is organized into a pyramidal system similar to that in many European leagues. At the top of the hierarchy is the professional level called the J.League . Next is the semi …
Expo 2025 Osaka, Kansai, Japan - A basic visitor guide
Held from April 13 to October 13, 2025. 64 million visitors - more than half of Japan's population - visited the Expo 70 in Osaka, making it one of the most successful events in the country's …
Tokyo City Guide - What to do in Tokyo - japan-guide.com
Tokyo (東京, Tōkyō) is Japan's capital and the world's most populous metropolis. It is also one of Japan's 47 prefectures, consisting of 23 central city wards and multiple cities, towns and villages …
Electricity in Japan
The frequency of electric current is 50 Hertz in eastern Japan (including Tokyo, Yokohama, Tohoku, Hokkaido) and 60 Hertz in western Japan (including Nagoya, Osaka, Kyoto, Hiroshima, Shikoku, …
