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| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Tamil Love Poetry and Poetics , 1991 This indispensable work for Tamil love poetry of South India deals with the relationship between the oldest grammar and poetics, Tolk ppiyam, and the ancient literature (Sangam literature) of the 1-3 C. A.D., providing the original meanings and historical changes of many technical terms of love poetry. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Classified Catalogue of Tamil Printed Books , 1865 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Tamil Love Poetry and Poetics Takanobu Takahashi, 2023-07-17 This indispensable work for Tamil love poetry of South India deals with the relationship between the oldest grammar and poetics, Tolkāppiyam, and the ancient literature (Sangam literature) of the 1-3 C. A.D., providing the original meanings and historical changes of many technical terms of love poetry. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: The Tamils Eighteen Hundred Years Ago V. Kanakasabhai, 1904 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Tamil Literature K.V. Zvelebil, 2021-12-06 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: All About Dravidas, Tamil Sangams, Kumari Kandam And Tolkappiyam London Swaminathan, 2022-07-31 The topics covered in this book include Dravidas, Three Tamil Academies, Lemuria or Kumari continent, Tolkapppiam and Tribes of Nilgris. They were published in the last 11 years in my two blogs. They are of enormous interest to Tamils. They have created big controversies in the olden days... The debate over those topics are still on. Foreign writers projected Dravidians as primitive and uncultured community... Max Muller said that the Aryans came into India from outside; in the same way Bishop Caldwell said that the Dravidians came from Mediterranean region. Mr. Kanakasabai Pillai who wrote ‘Tamils 1800 years Ago’, said that Tamils came into India from Mongolia. Some historians proposed that the Three Tamil Sangam are a myth; no two scholars agreed on these topics. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature K.V. Zvelebil, 2021-12-06 There is a number of problems connected with the study and teaching of any Oriental literature in general and of Tamil literature specifically which have to date been mostly ignored, although they are indispensable for solid knowledge and correct interpretation and understanding of the literature in question. These include problems of authenticity and authorship, of transmission and tradition, writing tools and materials, of relationship of orality to literacy, of Sanskrit to Tamil, the prehistory of Tamil written literature, the numerous texts that have been lost, scholarly lineages and the rediscovery of ancient Tamil literature etc. The book deals with all these problems as well as with some specific Tamil cultural phenomena such as the concept of threefold Tamil or the relationship of literature ('marked') to grammar ('marker'), with the derivation of the term Tamil and with the history of Tamil literary historiography. It will be indispensable as an introduction to the study of the more than 2000 years of Tamil literary history. By addressing questions which have thus far been almost completely neglected, it has also decisive impact on the interpretative comprehension of Tamil literature and on the teaching of this very rich heritage of verbal art. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Caste, Catholic Christianity, and the Language of Conversion S. Jeyaseela Stephen, 2008 Based on a wide range of published sources, archival material and field data, this book is an in-depth study of the Portuguese Christian, missions and missionaries in the Tamil coast and hinterland between 1519 and 1774. It presents a fresh analysis on the theme of the Portuguese contribution to Tamil language and printing press. The book presents the best socio-historical and missionary study of Christianity for understanding the history of the Tamil Society. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Classical Tamil Love Poetry M Nazir Ali, 2013-11-29 Ainkurunuru is a collection of five hundred poems written by five different poets who lived two thousand years before. It tells you the story of the lovers, their sadness, joy, jealousies, and quarrels in verses of breathtaking sophistication and indirection. It is about the art and life of a people almost irretrievably lost, found in palm script, and restored by scholars in love with the Tamil language. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: A Descriptive Catalogue of Palm-leaf Manuscripts in Tamil , 1991 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Lexicon of Tamil Literature K.V. Zvelebil, 2021-12-06 Lexicon of Tamil Literature is a reference-dictionary of Tamil literature of South India from its early beginnings more than 2000 years ago until the present time (ca. 1980). It includes in the order of Roman alphabet names and short biographies of authors, lists of their works, anonymous literary works and most important matters of Tamil prosody, rhetoric and poetics. Whenever available, bibliographic data are given with individual entries in selection. Brief contents and evaluative statements are given with literary works of greater importance, whether ancient or modern. An introduction is included. The work is the first of its kind in a non-Indian language. It is an indispensable source of data and work of reference for Tamil literature in particular, and for the totality of Indic literatures in general. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: The Four Hundred Songs of War and Wisdom George L. Hart, Hank Heifetz, 2002-08-21 Two prominent translators present the first complete English-language edition of one of India's greatest works of classical literature: the Purananuru. This anthology of four hundred poems by more than 150 poets between the first and third centuries CE in old Tamil—the literary language of ancient Tamilnadu—was composed before Aryan influence had penetrated the south. It is thus a unique testament to pre-Aryan India. Beyond its importance for understanding the development of South Asia's history, culture, religion, and linguistics, the Purananuru is a great work of literature, reflecting accurately and profoundly the life of southern India 2,000 years ago. One of the few works of classical India that confronts life without the insulation of a philosophical facade and that makes no basic assumptions about karma and the afterlife, the Purananuru has universal appeal. It faces the world as a great and unsolved mystery, delving into living and dying, despair, love, poverty, and the changing nature of existence. To this hidden gem of world literature George L. Hart and Hank Heifetz add a helpful appendix, an annotated bibliography, and an excellent introduction describing the work and placing it in its social and historical context. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Linguistic Culture and Language Policy Harold Schiffman, 2012-11-12 By looking closely at the multilingual democracies of India, France and the USA, Harold F. Schiffman examines how language policy is primarily a social construct based on belief systems, attitudes and myths. Linguistic Culture and Language Policy exposes language policy as culture-specific, helping us to understand why language policies evolve the way they do; why they work, or not; and how people's lives are affected by them. These issues will be of specific interest to linguists specialising in multilingual/multicultural societies, bilingual educationalists, curriculum planners and teachers. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Dictionary of Hindu Literature Kuśa Satyendra, 2000 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Tamil Social History N. Subrahmanian, 2000 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Literary Techniques in Old Tamil Caṅkam Poetry Eva Wilden, 2006 The present study is a step towards an historical and philologicaldescription of the founding literary tradition of Southern India. This so-called Cankam literature was composed around the beginning of the common era in a language today known as Classical Tamil. Ten anthologies of its poetry have survived. Its literary techniques and their presuppositions are presented here in detail on the basis of an analysis of one of these anthologies, the Kur-untokai, which is a collection of 401 short love poems. While the introduction and the last chapter, on poetic style, are also meant for the general student of literature, the second and third chapters will be of interest mainly to specialists. These deal with syntax (especially particle syntax) and with the poetological background of the poetry. The formal features described include the use of formulae; the organisation of a poetic universe in terms of themes, topoi and motifs; syntactic types, such as circular construction; rhetorical fi gures, such as metaphors, similes and insets; poetic ambiguity achieved through the use of a symbolic code; puns; and intertextual allusions. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Preface to Spoken Tamil Nana Yaw Obiri-Yeboa Boaitey, 2004 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Manuscript, Print and Memory Eva Maria Wilden, 2014-11-10 The ancient Tamil poetic corpus of the Caṅam (The Academy) is a national treasure for Tamilians and a battle-ground for linguists and historians of politics, culture and literature. Going back to oral predecessors probably dating back to the beginning of the first millennium, it has had an extremely rich and variegated history. Collected into anthologies and endowed with literary theories and voluminous commentaries, it became the centre-piece of the Tamil literary canon, associated with the royal court of the Pandya dynasty in Madurai. Its decline began in the late middle ages, and by the late 17th century it had fallen into near oblivion, before being rediscovered at the beginning of the print era. The present study traces the complex historical process of its transmission over some 2000 years, using and documenting a wide range of sources, in particular surviving manuscripts, the early prints, the commentaries of the literary and grammatical traditions and a vast range of later literature that creates a web of inter-textual references and quotations. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: The Lost Land of Lemuria Sumathi Ramaswamy, 2004-09-27 During the nineteenth century, Lemuria was imagined as a land that once bridged India and Africa but disappeared into the ocean millennia ago, much like Atlantis. A sustained meditation on a lost place from a lost time, this elegantly written book is the first to explore Lemuria’s incarnations across cultures, from Victorian-era science to Euro-American occultism to colonial and postcolonial India. The Lost Land of Lemuria widens into a provocative exploration of the poetics and politics of loss to consider how this sentiment manifests itself in a fascination with vanished homelands, hidden civilizations, and forgotten peoples. More than a consideration of nostalgia, it shows how ideas once entertained but later discarded in the metropole can travel to the periphery—and can be appropriated by those seeking to construct a meaningful world within the disenchantment of modernity. Sumathi Ramaswamy ultimately reveals how loss itself has become a condition of modernity, compelling us to rethink the politics of imagination and creativity in our day. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Handbook of Indian History Lavanya Vemsani, 2024-11-21 This book comprehensively examines the extensive history of India by focusing on the unifying themes of history. The profound analysis of special events and impactful personalities of Indian history form the core of the book. Handbook of Indian History includes articles on cultural, social, and political history of India, topics of religion, philosophy, gender, language and literature, providing a vast array of knowledge on India. The book is divided into three parts. Part one examines the historical developments beginning with the first human settlements to the civilizational foundations of early India until the second century B.C.E. Part two discusses India's political, economic, social, and cultural developments during the First Millennium C.E. expanding beyond India's borders. Chapters in this section address diverse subjects concerning Indian history, including but not limited to communications and networks along with maritime contacts with other parts of Asia, shipping, and international trade. This section also focuses on developments concerning religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism, examining devotional practice, monasticism, educational, and social developments. Part three explores the themes of colonialism and the progressive colonization of India between the twelfth century and the eighteenth century, followed by its struggles and emergence as an independent nation in the twentieth century. Chapters in this section explore India's independence struggles, colonial legacy, post-independence revivals and revivals drawing upon ancient wisdom of India. The book introduces India from the beginning to the current day, providing depth and breadth of subjects to understand the history of India. The book is beneficial to anyone interested in learning about India, including students, researchers, and general readers. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Drama in Ancient Tamil Society Kārttikēcu Civattampi, 1981 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Journal of Tamil Studies , 1981 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: An Introduction to Tamil Culture Kiruṣṇā Ñān̲acūriyan̲, 1984 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Kisan World , 1996 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Tamil Literature and Indian Philosophy Cō. Na Kantacāmi, 2001 Research papers presented in various national and international seminars. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: The Burning Urn Kiruṣṇamūrtti Irācā, 1994 Studies in Tamil poetry. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Ritual and Mythological Sources of the Early Tamil Poetry Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich Dubi︠a︡nskiĭ, 2000 This volume focuses on the origin of the early Tamil poetical canon, which constitutes basic poetical themes which are called tiṇai. The author builds upon an idea of a Russian scholar O. Freidenberg that literary forms 'originate from anti-literary material rather than their own archetypes'. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: A History of Tamil Literature with Texts and Translations from the Earliest Times to 600 A.D. J. M. Somasundaram Pillai, 1968 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Studies in Tamilology Ca. Vē Cuppiramaṇiyan̲, 1982 Articles on Tamil studies; previously published in periodicals and presented national and international seminars. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Aryan Invasion Myth Parameśa Caudhurī, 2003 Theory to establish that the political situation and terrorism in post-1947 India is attributed to Aryan invasion and prevailing caste system. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: The Smile of Murugan Kamil V Zvelebil, 2023-07-24 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Dictionary of Oriental Literatures 2 Dusan Zbavitel, 2023-01-06 This book fills a long-felt gap in Western literature by presenting a concise summary of practically all the literatures of South and South-East Asia, comprising India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Combodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Advanced Studies in Tamil Prosody A. Chidambaranatha Chettiar, 1977 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Time Will Write a Song for You Kannan M, 2014-12-18 The three-decade-long conflict tore apart the Tamils’ world in Sri Lanka. This anthology, framed by war, brings together poems, stories and a memoir by Tamil writers living there and in the diaspora. Wide-ranging and from recent decades, till the war’s ending, these pieces have been translated with great skill for the first time into English. Stark, and sometimes lyrical, distilling memory, history, mythology and classical literary tropes, they powerfully echo the Tamils’ sorrows and deep fears, their longings and hopes for tomorrow. Laments about youths felled by gunfire, their forced disappearances, the loss of family and homes, desecration of shrines, repeated displacements, becoming international refugees alternate with remembrance of the beauteous forests and sea, of celebrations of Tamil language and culture, and the compassion of women providing people succour. Accompanied by an introduction to set the context, this rich and moving volume reveals the spirit of a wounded island and brings its voices to a new audience. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Ravana's Kingdom Justin W. Henry, 2022 In Ravana's Kingdom, Justin W. Henry delves into the historical literary reception of the Ramayana in Sri Lanka, charting how the demon-king antagonist, Ravana, has become an unlikely cultural hero among Sinhala Buddhists over the past decade. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: A Handbook of Tamil Nadu K. M. Venkataramaiah, 1996 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Foreign Models in Tamil Grammar Te. Po Mīn̲āṭcicuntaran̲ār, 1974 On the influence of Sanskrit grammatical theory on the traditional analysis of Tamil grammar seen in the Tolkāppiyam. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature: Ākkañceppal to Ilaiyutir Kālattu Iravukaḷ , 1996 |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Traditions of History Writing in India Mr. Rohit Manglik, 2024-03-28 EduGorilla Publication is a trusted name in the education sector, committed to empowering learners with high-quality study materials and resources. Specializing in competitive exams and academic support, EduGorilla provides comprehensive and well-structured content tailored to meet the needs of students across various streams and levels. |
| iraiyanar akapporul in tamil: Historical Heritage of the Tamils , 1983 |
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