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| importance of law in tanzania: Land as a Human Right Abdon Rwegasira, 2012 On the importance of judicial independence. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Alternative Dispute Resolution in Tanzania J. Mashamba, 2014-09-02 Today, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) has gained international recognition and is widely used to complement the conventional methods of resolving disputes through courts of law. ADR simply entails all modes of dispute settlement/resolution other than the traditional approaches of dispute settlement through courts of law. Mainly, these modes are: negotiation, mediation, [re]conciliation, and arbitration. The modern ADR movement began in the United States as a result of two main concerns for reforming the American justice system: the need for better-quality processes and outcomes in the judicial system; and the need for efficiency of justice. ADR was transplanted into the African legal systems in the 1980s and 1990s as a result of the liberalization of the African economies, which was accompanied by such conditionalities as reform of the justice and legal sectors, under the Structural Adjustment Programmes. However, most of the methods of ADR that are promoted for inclusion in African justice systems are similar to pre-colonial African dispute settlement mechanisms that encouraged restoration of harmony and social bonds in the justice system. In Tanzania ADR was introduced in 1994 through Government Notice No. 422, which amended the First Schedule to the Civil Procedure Code Act (1966), and it is now an inherent component of the country's legal system. In recognition of its importance in civil litigation in Tanzania, ADR has been made a compulsory subject in higher learning/training institutions for lawyers. This handbook provides theories, principles, examples of practice, and materials relating to ADR in Tanzania and is therefore an essential resource for practicing lawyers as well as law students with an interest in Tanzania. It also contains additional information on evolving standards in international commercial arbitration, which are very useful to legal practitioners and law students. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977 Tanzania, 1977 |
| importance of law in tanzania: Sharīʿa in Africa Today John A. Chesworth, Franz Kogelmann, 2013-11-21 Sharīʿa in Africa Today. Reactions and Responses explores how Islamic law has influenced relations between Muslims and Christians, through a series of case studies by young African scholars working in Sudan, Nigeria, Kenya and Tanzania |
| importance of law in tanzania: The role of law in the reduction of rural poverty Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , 2020-03-01 Considering the importance of legal frameworks in laying down governance and accountability frameworks, clarifying the responsibilities of relevant public and private entities and defining the long term and budgetary commitment of states, the capacity of countries to adopt and enforce laws in pertinent areas is crucial to reducing rural poverty. Countries have signed up to international and regional instruments that are of relevance to rural poverty and have adopted policies and legislation in these areas. However, a number of normative, institutional and operational challenges exist in different countries. These include regulatory gaps in some areas such as social security for agricultural workers; the existence of laws that sustain discriminatory practices, for example, in relation to inheritance of property; and inconsistencies in norms and institutional mandates in the area of natural resource governance. Even with relatively good laws, their practical implementation may be wanting due to limitations of capacity to implement them. These problems would require a range of measures on the part of state and non‐state actors, including the adoption or revision of laws as well as awareness‐raising and legal empowerment. This legal paper explores the significance of legislative frameworks to poverty reduction efforts, with a particular focus on human rights. It highlights sectoral areas for legislative intervention and identifies normative, procedural and institutional challenges that states encounter while implementing poverty reduction programmes. It further refers to examples from state practice and provides recommendations on how relevant actors can make use of legislation to address rural poverty. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Women, Land and Justice in Tanzania Helen Dancer, 2015 Recent decades have seen a wave of land law reforms across Africa, in the context of a 'land rush' and land grabbing. But how has this been enacted on the ground and, in particular, how have women experienced this? This book seeks to re-orientate current debates on women's land rights towards a focus on the law in action. Centring on cases involving women litigants, the book considers the extent to which women are realising their interests in land through land courts and follows the progression of women's claims to land - from their social origins through processes of dispute resolution to judgment--Unedited summary from book cover. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Law and the City Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos, 2007-05-07 This invaluable guide offers a lateral, critical and often unexpected description of some of the most important cities in the world, each one from a distinctive legal perspective. |
| importance of law in tanzania: African Constitutionalism and the Role of Islam ʻAbd Allāh Aḥmad Naʻīm, 2006 Constitutionalism is steadily becoming the prevalent form of governance in Africa. But how does constitutionalism deal with the lingering effects of colonialism? And how does constitutional law deal with Islamic principles in the region? African Constitutionalism and the Role of Islam seeks to answer these questions. Constitutional governance has not been, nor will be, easily achieved, Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im argues. But setbacks and difficulties are to be expected in the process of adaptation and indigenization of an essentially alien concept--that of of nation-state--and its role in large-scale political and social organization. An-Na'im discusses the problems of implementing constitutionalized forms of government specific to Africa, from definitional to conceptual and practical issues. The role of Islam in these endeavors is open to challenge and reformulation, and should not be taken for granted or assumed to be necessarily negative or positive, An-Na'im asserts, and he emphasizes the role of the agency of Muslims in the process of adapting constitutionalism to the values and practices of their own societies. By examining the incremental successes that some African nations have already achieved and An-Na'im reveals the contingent role that Islam has to play in this process. Ultimately, these issues will determine the long-term sustainability of constitutionalism in Africa. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Law and Justice in Tanzania Chris Maina Peter, Helen Kijo-Bisimba, 2007 The essays collected in this volume examine the development of democratic and human rights practices while evaluating the performance of the Appeals Court for the past twenty-five years. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Local Relevance of Human Rights Koen De Feyter, Stephan Parmentier, Christiane Timmerman, George Ulrich, 2011-09-08 Do human rights offer real protection when disadvantaged groups invoke them at the local level in an attempt to improve their living conditions? If so, how can we make sure that the experiences of those invoking human rights at the local level have an impact on the further development of human rights (at national and other levels) so that the local relevance of human rights increases? Since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) on 10 December 1948, numerous international documents have reaffirmed human rights as global norms. This book examines what factors determine whether appeals to human rights that emanate from the local level are successful, and whether the UDHR adequately responds to threats as currently defined by relevant groups or whether a revision of some of the ideas included in the UDHR is needed in order to increase its contemporary relevance. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Financial Stability, Economic Growth, and the Role of Law Douglas W. Arner, 2007-06-04 Financial crises have become an all too common occurrence over the past twenty years, largely as a result of changes in finance brought about by increasing internationalization and integration. As domestic financial systems and economies have become more interlinked, weaknesses can significantly impact not only individual economies but also markets, financial intermediaries, and economies around the world. This volume addresses the twin objectives of financial development in the context of financial stability and the role of law in supporting both. Financial stability (frequently seen as the avoidance of financial crisis) has become an objective of both the international financial architecture and individual economies and central banks. At the same time, financial development is now seen to play an important role in economic growth. In both financial stability and financial development, law and related institutions have a central role. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Gender, Justice, and the Problem of Culture Dorothy L. Hodgson, 2017-03-27 An analysis of the relationships between law, custom, gender, marriage and justice among northern Tanzania’s Maasai communities. When, where, why, and by whom is law used to force desired social change in the name of justice? Why has culture come to be seen as inherently oppressive to women? In this finely crafted book, Dorothy L. Hodgson examines the history of legal ideas and institutions in Tanzania—from customary law to human rights—as specific forms of justice that often reflect elite ideas about gender, culture, and social change. Drawing on evidence from Maasai communities, she explores how the legacies of colonial law-making continue to influence contemporary efforts to create laws, codify marriage, criminalize FGM, and contest land grabs by state officials. Despite the easy dismissal by elites of the priorities and perspectives of grassroots women, she shows how Maasai women have always had powerful ways to confront and challenge injustice, express their priorities, and reveal the limits of rights-based legal ideals. “This is a book that only Dorothy Hodgson could have written, with her decades of work in Tanzania, vast networks in Maasailand, and deep ethnographic knowledge, combined with her deftness in working through more theoretical work on gender and human rights. Closely argued, conceptually sharp, and engagingly written.” —Brett Shadle, author of Girl Cases: Marriage and Colonialism in Gusiiland, Kenya, 1890-1970 “Dorothy Hodgson asks a number of important and clearly articulated questions, and provides thoughtful answers to them using a hybrid of historical and anthropological methodologies that combine in-depth case studies with more empirically-informed macro-level reflection. A concise and useful resource in the undergraduate as well as the graduate classroom.” —Priya Lal, author of African Socialism in Postcolonial Tanzania: Between the Village and the World “Gender, Justice, and the Problem of Culture makes a significant contribution to the study of law in East Africa and elsewhere among colonized peoples, and it should be required reading not only for academics interested in such matters but for activists and policymakers.” —American Anthropologist “Hodgson’s book is both rich in detail and broad in its implications for understanding struggles for justice for marginalised groups. It deserves the attention of students and scholars of African studies, anthropology, history, political science and women’s and gender studies.” —Journal of Modern African Studies |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Sources of Labour Law Tamás Gyulavári, Emanuele Menegatti, 2019-12-06 Labour law has traditionally aimed to protect the employee under a hierarchy built on constitutional provisions, statutory law, collective agreements at various levels, and the employment contract, in that order. However, in employment regulation in recent years, ‘flexibility’ has come to dominate the world of work – a set of policies that reshuffle the relationship among the fundamental pillars of labour law and inevitably lead to degrading the protection of employees. This book, the first-ever to consider the sources of labour law from a comparative perspective, details the ways in which the traditional hierarchy of sources has been altered, presenting an international view on major cross-cutting issues followed by fifteen country reports. The authors’ analysis of the changing hierarchy of labour law sources in the light of recent trends includes such elements as the following: the constitutional dimension of labour rights; the normative intervention by the State; the regulatory function of collective bargaining and agreements; the hierarchical organization of labour law sources and the ‘principle of favour’; the role played by case law in both common law and civil law countries; the impact of the European Economic Governance; decentralization of collective bargaining; employment conditions as key components of global competitive strategies; statutory schemes that allow employees to sign away their rights. National reports – Australia, Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States – describe the structure of labour law regulations in each legal system with emphasis on the current state of affairs. The authors, all distinguished labour law scholars in their countries, thus collectively provide a thorough and comprehensive commentary on labour law regulation and recent tendencies in national labour laws in various corners of the globe. With its definitive analysis of such crucial matters as the decentralization of collective bargaining and how individual employment contracts can deviate from collective agreements and statutory law, and its comparison of representative national labour law systems, this highly informative book will prove of inestimable value to all professionals concerned with employment relations, labour disputes, or labour market policy, especially in the context of multinational workforces. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Practising Self-Government Yash Ghai, 2013-08-29 An examination of how the constitutional frameworks for autonomies around the world really work. |
| importance of law in tanzania: ICT Law Book Adam J. Mambi, 2010 This volume collects notable writings of Barnabas A. Samatta, Chief Justice of Tanzania from 2000 to his retirement in 2007, together with writings by others that document his career and show the judgment of his peers about his work on the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. The writings include Samatta's thoughts on Tanzania's constitutional order and the importance of the rule of law, as well as a number of key rulings and judgments. Annotation ©2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com). |
| importance of law in tanzania: Bringing the Law Back In Patrick McAuslan, 2019-07-23 This title was first published in 2003. Bringing together the two fields of land reform and law, this volume examines the role the law and lawyers can, should, and do play in developing countries in the evolution of land policies, in land tenure reform, and in the reform of land use and urban planning. Providing both a theoretical and practical perspective it discusses the role of law in both urban land reform, concentrating on reforms in land use and town and country planning law and general national land reform, looking at specific case studies and at more general themes. It provides a coherent set of ideas and philosophies about land reform through the medium of law, which have been developed through reflection and action over a considerable period of time. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Land Law Reform in Eastern Africa: Traditional or Transformative? Patrick McAuslan, 2013-06-26 Land Law Reform in East Africa reviews development and changes in the statutory land laws of 7 countries in Eastern Africa over the period 1961 – 2011. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 sets up the conceptual framework for consideration of the reforms, and pursues a contrast between transformational and traditional developments; where the former aim at change designed to ensure social justice in land laws, and the latter aim to continue the overall thrust of colonial approaches to land laws and land administration. Part 2 provides an in-depth and critical survey of the land law reforms introduced into each country during the era of land law reform which commenced around 1990. The overall effect of the reforms has, Patrick McAuslan argues, been traditional: it was colonial policy to move towards land markets, individualisation of land tenure and the demise of customary tenure, all of which characterise the post 1990 reforms. The culmination of over 50 years of working in this area, Land Law Reform in East Africa will be invaluable reading for scholars of land law, and of law and development more generally. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Strategically important metals Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee, 2011-05-17 Although most strategic metal reserves are unlikely to run out over the coming decades the perception of scarcity of certain minerals and metals may lead to increased speculation and volatility in price and supply. Strategically important metals are vital to advanced manufacturing, low-carbon technologies and other growing industries and the Government should provide reliable information on potential resource risks in a coordinated and coherent way. The UK also exports large quantities of scrap metal and waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), often to developing countries. This metal not only is a potential resource for the UK but it is also an example of the UK exporting its environmental problems elsewhere. There are also concerns about the illegal export of WEEE, which is often labelled as second hand equipment for re-use, and calls for safeguards to be put in place. Despite a rate of 90% (by weight) metal recycling in the UK, it is of great concern that some strategic metals are likely to be lost in the 10% not being recycled. The report recommends: Improving existing legislation to ensure companies implement requirements on reporting non-financial information, such as human rights and health and safety issues; an evaluation by the Government of the potential for introducing similar legislation to that in the US whereby companies are required to produce detailed reports on 'conflict minerals' that they use. This report also brings the alleged activities of large dealers on the London Metals Exchange to the attention of the Office of Fair Trading. Finally, the report looks at domestic extraction and says planning regulations should not unnecessarily restrict the use of significant potential reserves and that domestic mining could alleviate risks associated with sourcing metals from external supply monopolies. In parallel the Government has to invest in research to ensure that future domestic mining has the least possible environmental impact |
| importance of law in tanzania: Macao Business Law Handbook Volume 2 Important Trade Laws and Regulations IBP. Inc., 2016-04-17 Macao Business Law Handbook Volume 2 Investment and Trade Laws Volume 2 Investment and Trade Laws |
| importance of law in tanzania: Access to Justice and Legal Aid Asher Flynn, Jacqueline Hodgson, 2017-01-26 This book considers how access to justice is affected by restrictions to legal aid budgets and increasingly prescriptive service guidelines. As common law jurisdictions, England and Wales and Australia, share similar ideals, policies and practices, but they differ in aspects of their legal and political culture, in the nature of the communities they serve and in their approaches to providing access to justice. These jurisdictions thus provide us with different perspectives on what constitutes justice and how we might seek to overcome the burgeoning crisis in unmet legal need. The book fills an important gap in existing scholarship as the first to bring together new empirical and theoretical knowledge examining different responses to legal aid crises both in the domestic and comparative contexts, across criminal, civil and family law. It achieves this by examining the broader social, political, legal, health and welfare impacts of legal aid cuts and prescriptive service guidelines. Across both jurisdictions, this work suggests that it is the most vulnerable groups who lose out in the way the law now operates in the twenty-first century. This book is essential reading for academics, students, practitioners and policymakers interested in criminal and civil justice, access to justice, the provision of legal assistance and legal aid. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Private International Law in Commonwealth Africa Richard Frimpong Oppong, 2013-09-12 A comprehensive and in-depth analysis of how courts in the countries of Commonwealth Africa decide claims under private international law. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Role of the Judiciary in Environmental Governance Louis J. Kotzé, Louis J Kotzé, Alexander R. Paterson, 2009-01-01 This important book investigates the environmental legal frameworks, court structures and relevant jurisprudence of nineteen countries, representing legal systems and legal cultures from a diverse array of countries situated across the globe. In doing so, it distils comparative trends, new developments, and best practices in adjudication endeavours, highlighting the benefits and shortcomings of the judicial approach to environmental governance. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Djibouti Business Law Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Important Regulations IBP USA, |
| importance of law in tanzania: Judging the State in International Trade and Investment Law Leïla Choukroune, 2016-12-10 This book addresses concerns with the international trade and investment dispute settlement systems from a statist perspective, at a time when multilateralism is deeply questioned by the forces of mega-regionalism and political and economic contestation. In covering recent case law and theoretical discussions, the book’s contributors analyze the particularities of statehood and the limitations of the dispute settlement systems to judge sovereign actors as autonomous regulators. From a democratic deficit coupled with a deficit of legitimacy in relation to the questionable professionalism, independence and impartiality of adjudicators to the lack of consistency of decisions challenging essential public policies, trade and investment disputes have proven controversial. These challenges call for a rethinking of why, how and what for, are States judged. Based on a “sovereignty modern” approach, which takes into account the latest evolutions of a globalized trade and investment law struggling to put people’s expectations at its core, the book provides a comprehensive framework and truly original perspective linking the various facets of “judicial activity” to the specific yet encompassing character of international law and the rule of law in international society. In doing so, it covers a large variety of issues such as global judicial capacity building and judicial professionalism from an international and domestic comparative angle, trade liberalisation and States' legitimate rights and expectations to protect societal values, the legal challenges of being a State claimant, the uses and misuses of imported legal concepts and principles in multidisciplinary adjudications and, lastly, the need to reunify international law on a (human) rights based approach. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Rule of Law vs. Rulers of Law. Justice Barnabas Albert Samatta's Road To Justice Issa Shivji, Hamudi Majamba, 2011-03-22 Mr. Justice Barnabas Samatta retired from the Bench in July 2007 after a distinguished legal career spanning 41 years. Of the four decades of active life, he was a State Attorney, half of which he was the Director of Public Prosecutions. For the rest of the period, he was at then bench of the High Court of Tanzania and ten years in the Court of Appeal. At his retirement, he had spent seven years as Chief Justice of the country, thus at the helm of one of the three branches of the State. This book reproduces some of the leading judgements written by Justice Samatta. It highlights, in a critical fashion, some of his beliefs and observations as embedded in his decisions and speeches. This is to celebrate him as an example of an ethical lawyer whose integrity cannot be questioned, making him a worthy model for the younger generation to emulate and draw inspiration from. Justice Samatta's decisions touched on key areas of: Rule of Law and the Consitution, where he emphasised that the constitution crystallises a consensus among citizens as to the nature and character of their polity and governance; Access to Justice, about which he believed that the doors to justice should be opened to all regardless of their station in life or economic position; Ethics, Integrity and Professionalism where he frequently quoted Nyerere 'There are some jobs in our society that can be done by unethical people...Being a judge or a magistrate is not one of these jobs...'; and Environmental Law where he argued 'The vulnerability of our planet has reached such a depressing degree that there is no greater service judges can render to mankind than playing their role in the protection of the environment...' He summarised his life-long conviction by saying: 'Let everyone in our society give justice a chance to prevail'. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Enabling legal frameworks for sustainable land-use investments in Tanzania: Legal assessment report Robert Kibugi, D. Andrew Wardell, Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, Caroline Haywood, Renée Gift, 2015-10-08 The International Development Law Organization (IDLO) and the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) assessed the legal frameworks that govern land-use activities and investments in Tanzania. The policy, institutional and legal frameworks are well developed although implementation and enforcement remains weak due to ambiguities in the law and a general lack of supportive incentives. This Legal Assessment report for Tanzania examines four key challenges to the attainment of sustainable land-use investments. These comprise: Enforcement of environmental and social safeguards Tanzania has made progress in implementing the Environmental Management Act by ensuring greater compliance with the Environmental Impact Assessment regulations although exceptions exist in the construction sector, and mining legislation that often enables the government to circumvent important land tenure safeguards. Incentives for sustainable investments in the legal framework A lack of incentives exists despite the creation of the Tanzania Investment Centre, the adoption of an Investment Guide in 2013, and the incorporation of sustainability considerations into laws and policies governing investments in the agriculture, energy, and forestry and mining sectors. Land tenure security Tanzanias land law framework now includes formal recognition of customary title and the reservation of land under the category of village land exclusively for Tanzanians although improvements are still needed in terms of processes of consultation and compensation. Public awareness and lack of access to information Awareness of natural resources and investment policies, legislation and regulations is generally low amongst rural communities as well as Ward executive officers, village leaders and village land committee members. Rural radio represents their most important source of information |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Politics of Land Reform in Africa Doctor Ambreena Manji, 2013-07-04 Across Africa land is being commodified: private ownership is replacing communal and customary tenure; Farms are turned into collateral for rural credit markets. Law reform is at the heart of this revolution. The Politics of Land Reform in Africa casts a critical spotlight on this profound change in African land economy. The book illuminates the key role of legislators, legal consultants and academics in tenure reform. These players exert their influence by translating the economic and regulatory interests of the World Bank, civil society groups and commercial lenders in to questions of law. Drawing on political economy and actor-network theory The Politics of Land Reform in Africa is an indispensable contribution to the study of agrarian change in developing countries. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Intellectual Property Law in Tanzania Jacob Jaconiah, 2022-09-20 Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this monograph provides a survey and analysis of the rules concerning intellectual property rights in Tanzania. It covers every type of intellectual property right in depth – copyright and neighbouring rights, patents, utility models, trademarks, trade names, industrial designs, plant variety protection, chip protection, trade secrets, and confidential information. Particular attention is paid throughout to recent developments and trends. The analysis approaches each right in terms of its sources in law and in legislation, and proceeds to such legal issues as subject matter of protection, conditions of protection, ownership, transfer of rights, licences, scope of exclusive rights, limitations, exemptions, duration of protection, infringement, available remedies, and overlapping with other intellectual property rights. The book provides a clear overview of intellectual property legislation and policy, and at the same time offers practical guidance on which sound preliminary decisions may be based. Lawyers representing parties with interests in Tanzania will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative intellectual property law. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Tanzania Issa G. Shivji, 2009 Issa Shivji's book, first published in 1990 provided the first detailed analysis of the fundamental legal foundations of the union in 1964 between Tanganyika and Zanzibar which led to the birth of the United Republic of Tanzania. Used by students of law, politics and the Tanzania union as a basic reference work the book is a product of wide ranging scholarship and close analysis of legal texts that constitute the primary sources of the Union-and the author's long engagement with the morality of constitutional politics that bear on Zanzibar's status in the Union. Out of print for over a decade this second expanded edition includes a few minor revisions, comments and references have been put in square brackets to distinguish them from the original text. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Law and Social Change in Ghana William Burnett Harvey, 2015-12-08 While Professor of Law and Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Ghana from 1962 to 1964, the author personally observed the evolving legal order in Ghana during a crucial period in that country's development. Here, he considers statutes and judicial decisions. Working from the premise that law is a value-neutral technique of social ordering and derives its value content from a dominant elite, Professor Harvey places the important Ghanaian constitutional and legal developments in their social context. He concludes that although democratic values have dominated the basic structure of public power, autocratic values have determined the realities of political life in Ghana. Originally published in 1966. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Legal Status of Women and Poverty in Tanzania Magdalena Kamugisha Rwebangira, 1996 |
| importance of law in tanzania: Environmental Principles and Policies Sharon Beder, 2013-11-05 Environmental Principles and Policies uses environmental and social principles to analyse the latest wave of economic-based and market-orientated environmental policies currently being adopted around the world. This book provides an in-depth examination of six key principles that have been incorporated into international treaties and the national laws of many countries: * ecological sustainability * the polluter pays principle * the precautionary principle * equity * human rights * public participation These principles are then used to evaluate a range of policies including pollution charges, emissions, trading, water markets, biodiversity banks and tradable fishing rights. Environmental Principles and Policies is easily accessible, using non-technical language throughout, and - in what sets it apart from other books on environmental policy-making - it takes a critical and interdisciplinary approach. It does not set out policies in a descriptive or prescriptive way, but analyses and evaluates policy options from a variety of perspectives. This enables readers to gain a thorough grasp of important principles and current policies, as well as demonstrating how principles can be used to critically assess environmental policies. |
| importance of law in tanzania: International Law and Diplomacy Charles Chatterjee, 2013-10-31 In this work the author explores the subjects of sovereignty, diplomacy and the function of diplomats, diplomatic missions, protocol, ethics in diplomacy, the role of Ministries of Foreign Affairs, intergovernmental conferences and the United Nations. It: includes a useful glossary of over sixty essential terms (such as Calvo Doctrine, Extradition, Rapporteur and Uti Possidetis Juris) clearly relates the conduct of diplomacy to the principles of international law. This volume will appeal to graduate and undergraduate students studying diplomacy, public administration and international relations courses as well as practising diplomats, international organization and foreign ministry officials and those who have regular dealings with them. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Legal Profession in Tanzania Fauz Twaib, 1997 |
| importance of law in tanzania: Making Sense of Governance Göran Hydén, Julius Court, Kenneth Mease, 2004 The first conclusive, empirical demonstration of the utility of research on governance. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Asserting Jurisdiction Patrick Capps, Malcolm Evans, Stratos Konstadinides, 2003-09-02 The essays in this collection explore the various ways in which a number of key European and International legal institutions attempt to define the boundaries of jurisdictional competence. The principle questions which are addressed are: (a) Does the relevant institution have a jurisdictional competence adequate to the challenges that it faces? (b) What are the parameters that bear upon the exercise of a particular jurisdictional competence? (c) What are the effects,positive or negative, of extending, restraining or creating a particular jurisdictional competence on those subject to its jurisdiction, other actors and the rule of law itself? Examples of the institutions covered in this book are the Security Council, the European Court of Justice, NATO, the International Court of Justice and the State. Contents: 1. Introduction; (A) Theoretical Approaches to the Assertion of Jurisdiction 2. Jurisdiction: The State - Frank Berman; 3. New Wine in Old Bottles or Old Wine in New Bottles or Only Old Wine in Old Bottles? Reflections on the Assertion of Jurisdiction in Public International Law - Iain Scobbie; 4. The Exercise of Jurisdiction in Private International Law - Jonathan Hill; (B) Approaches to the Assertion of Jurisdiction Political Bodies: 5. National Law, International Law and EU Law – How do they Relate? - Trevor Hartley; 6. The Member States' Competence and Jurisdiction under the EU/EC Treaties - Stephen Hyett; 7. Competition Law in a Globalized Marketplace: Beyond Jurisdiction - Brenda Sufrin; 8. The Jurisdiction of the Security Council: Original Intention and New World Order(s) - Colin Warbrick; 9. Jurisdiction, NATO and the Kosovo Conflict - Christopher Greenwood; (C) Approaches to the Assertion of Jurisdiction by Adjudicative Bodies: 10. Approaches of Domestic Courts to the Assertion of International Jurisdiction - Hazel Fox; 11. Assertion of Jurisdiction by the International Court of Justice - Abdul Koroma; 12. Approaches to the Assertion of International Jurisdiction: The Human Rights Committee - Dominic McGoldrick; 13. Some Problems of Compulsory Jurisdiction before Specialised Tribunals: The Law of the Sea - Alan Boyle;15 Activism and Restraint in the European Court of Justice - Stephen Weatherill; 14. The Assertion of Jurisdiction by the European Court of Justice - John Usher. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Institutions, Transaction Costs, and Environmental Policy Ray Challen, 2000-01-01 'This is an excellent piece of work, applying the economic theory of property rights and transaction costs to the complex policy problems associated with water use in irrigation. Challen examines the determination of transaction costs and the way they interact with a realistic specification of property rights. He thereby avoids the two main defects found in much work in this area: first, the use of a simplistic division of property rights schemes, for example one based on polar categories of private property and common property, defined to mean open access, and second, a tendency to use the category of transaction costs as an unexamined black box.' - John Quiggin, James Cook University, Australia 'A most encouraging trend in economics concerns the careful and non-teleological study of institutions. From an era in which institutions were completely ignored, through an era in which it was thought that institutions were mere constraints on otherwise beneficent behavior in markets, through an era in which it was thought that the purpose of institutions was to promote economic efficiency, we now seem to be firmly in an era in which it is understood that institutions are the very bedrock of economic and social interaction. The analysis of institutions will fall into incoherence if we insist on seeing them as teleological rather than as instrumental. Once there, we must still understand the purposes that different individuals and collectivities ascribe to particular institutional set ups. In this careful book Ray Challen offers clear conceptual guidance to the study of economic institutions. He also shows us how one can undertake the analysis of institutional choice. The problem setting is water resources in eastern Australia. The lessons are profoundly international, and the approach is refreshingly promising.' - Daniel W. Bromley, University of Wisconsin-Madison, US Conventional economic analysis of property rights in natural resources is too narrow and restrictive to allow for effective comparisons between alternative institutional structures. In this book, a conceptual framework is developed for the analysis of these structures with illustrative application to the allocation of water resources. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Social Security Challenges in Tanzania Rwegoshora, Hossea M. M., 2016-04-30 Social security is a basic human right and a fundamental means for creating social cohesion; it is important not only for the well-being of workers, but also for their families and other community members at large. An indispensable part of government social policy, social security is an important tool to alleviate poverty and if well managed can enhance productivity by providing income security and social services. Through a growing economy and active labour market policies, social security serves as an instrument for sustainable social and economic development. Whereas social security is a cost for formal organizations, it is also a future investment for the well-being of the people. With globalization and structural adjustment policies, social security becomes more necessary today than ever. Social Security Challenges in Tanzania: Transforming the Present - Protecting the Future includes a comprehensive overview of social security perspectives at both the international and regional level. The text focuses specifically on Tanzania, analyzing in detail the policy and legal frameworks for social security provision. Engaging and authoritative, it is an essential text for those interested in the evolution, current challenges, and opportunities in addressing the needs of Tanzanians through social security provisions. |
| importance of law in tanzania: Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law Maurice Adams, Anne Meuwese, Ernst Hirsch Ballin, 2017-02-02 Rule of law and constitutionalist ideals are understood by many, if not most, as necessary to create a just political order. Defying the traditional division between normative and positive theoretical approaches, this book explores how political reality on the one hand, and constitutional ideals on the other, mutually inform and influence each other. Seventeen chapters from leading international scholars cover a diverse range of topics and case studies to test the hypothesis that the best normative theories, including those regarding the role of constitutions, constitutionalism and the rule of law, conceive of the ideal and the real as mutually regulating. |
| importance of law in tanzania: The Environmental Rights Revolution David R. Boyd, 2011-11-29 The right to a healthy environment has been the subject of extensive philosophical debates that revolve around the question: Should rights to clean air, water, and soil be entrenched in law? David Boyd answers this by moving beyond theoretical debates to measure the practical effects of enshrining the right in constitutions. His pioneering analysis of 193 constitutions and the laws and court decisions of more than 100 nations in Europe, Latin America, Asia, and Africa reveals a positive correlation between constitutional protection and stronger environmental laws, smaller ecological footprints, superior environmental performance, and improved quality of life. |
432 Synonyms & Antonyms for IMPORTANCE | Thesaurus.co…
Find 432 different ways to say IMPORTANCE, along with antonyms, related words, and example …
IMPORTANCE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of IMPORTANCE is the quality or state of being important : consequence. How to use importance in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of …
IMPORTANCE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictio…
I'd just like to stress the importance of neatness and politeness in this job. It's a country which places great …
importance noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and u…
Definition of importance noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
IMPORTANCE definition and meaning | Collins English Dict…
The importance of something is its quality of being significant, valued, or necessary in a particular situation.
432 Synonyms & Antonyms for IMPORTANCE | Thesaurus.com
Find 432 different ways to say IMPORTANCE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
IMPORTANCE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of IMPORTANCE is the quality or state of being important : consequence. How to use importance in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Importance.
IMPORTANCE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
I'd just like to stress the importance of neatness and politeness in this job. It's a country which places great importance on education. Will you phone me back - it's a matter of some …
importance noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of importance noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
IMPORTANCE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
The importance of something is its quality of being significant, valued, or necessary in a particular situation.
Importance - definition of importance by The Free Dictionary
Importance is the most general term: the importance of a proper diet. Consequence is especially applicable to persons or things of notable rank or position (scholars of consequence) and to …
What does Importance mean? - Definitions.net
Importance refers to the quality or state of being significant, consequential, or having great value, relevance or influence. It is often used to indicate something that needs to be given attention or …
importance - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
5 days ago · importance (countable and uncountable, plural importances) The quality or condition of being important or worthy of note. significance or prominence. personal status or standing. …
Importance - Wikipedia
Importance is a property of entities that matter or make a difference. For example, World War II was an important event and Albert Einstein was an important person because of how they …
Importance Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
IMPORTANCE meaning: the quality or state of being important value or significance
