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| james lee witt for congress: Nomination of James Lee Witt United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs, 1993 |
| james lee witt for congress: Nomination of James Lee Witt: Hearing Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session, United States Congress Senate Committ, 2018-03-03 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| james lee witt for congress: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 2007 |
| james lee witt for congress: The Homeland Security Department's Plan to Consolidate and Co-locate Regional and Field Offices United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs, 2004 |
| james lee witt for congress: Official Congressional Directory United States. Congress, W. H. Michael, 1999 |
| james lee witt for congress: Disaster and the Politics of Intervention Andrew Lakoff, 2010-05-13 Government plays a critical role in mitigating individual and collective vulnerability to disaster. Through measures such as disaster relief, infrastructure development, and environmental regulation, public policy is central to making societies more resilient. However, the recent drive to replace public institutions with market mechanisms has challenged governmental efforts to manage collective risk. The contributors to this volume analyze the respective roles of the public and private sectors in the management of catastrophic risk, addressing questions such as: How should homeland security officials evaluate the risk posed by terrorist attacks and natural disasters? Are market-based interventions likely to mitigate our vulnerability to the effects of climate change? What is the appropriate relationship between non-governmental organizations and private security firms in responding to humanitarian emergencies? And how can philanthropic efforts to combat the AIDS crisis ensure ongoing access to life-saving drugs in the developing world? More generally, these essays point to the way thoughtful policy intervention can improve our capacity to withstand catastrophic events. Additional Columbia / SSRC books on the Privatization of Risk and its Implications for Americans Bailouts: Public Money, Private ProfitEdited by Robert E. Wright Health at Risk: America's Ailing Health System-and How to Heal ItEdited by Jacob S. Hacker Laid Off, Laid Low: Political and Economic Consequences of Employment InsecurityEdited by Katherine S. Newman Pensions, Social Security, and the Privatization of RiskEdited by Mitchell A. Orenstein |
| james lee witt for congress: The Politics of Presidential Appointments David E. Lewis, 2008-04-21 In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, many questioned whether the large number of political appointees in the Federal Emergency Management Agency contributed to the agency's poor handling of the catastrophe, ultimately costing hundreds of lives and causing immeasurable pain and suffering. The Politics of Presidential Appointments examines in depth how and why presidents use political appointees and how their choices impact government performance--for better or worse. One way presidents can influence the permanent bureaucracy is by filling key posts with people who are sympathetic to their policy goals. But if the president's appointees lack competence and an agency fails in its mission--as with Katrina--the president is accused of employing his friends and allies to the detriment of the public. Through case studies and cutting-edge analysis, David Lewis takes a fascinating look at presidential appointments dating back to the 1960s to learn which jobs went to appointees, which agencies were more likely to have appointees, how the use of appointees varied by administration, and how it affected agency performance. He argues that presidents politicize even when it hurts performance--and often with support from Congress--because they need agencies to be responsive to presidential direction. He shows how agency missions and personnel--and whether they line up with the president's vision--determine which agencies presidents target with appointees, and he sheds new light on the important role patronage plays in appointment decisions. |
| james lee witt for congress: Nomination of James Lee Witt , 2015-08-05 Excerpt from Nomination of James Lee Witt: Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs United States Senate One Hundred Third Congress First Session on Nomination of James Lee Witt to Be Director; Federal Emergency Management Agency March 31, 1993 The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:35 a.m., in room SD-342, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. David Pryor, presiding. Present: Senators Pryor, Akaka and Cochran. Opening Statement Of Senator Pryor Senator Pryor [presiding]. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. The Committee will come to order. Senator John Glenn, who is the Chairman of the Governmental Affairs Committee, has asked me this morning, to chair today's full Committee hearing on the nomination of James Lee Witt to be director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, also known as Fema. Mr. Witt, who is officially from Dardanelle, Ar, will probably say that he is from Pleasant Valley. But those of us who are familiar with Yell County, Arkansas, as is Congressman Thornton, would know that Mr. Witt hails from Wildcat Hollow. [Laughter]. It is well known in Yell County and surrounding areas that you only go to Wildcat Hollow by invitation. Fema was organized in 1979 by this Committee in response to a reorganization plan submitted by President Jimmy Carter. This agency has wide-ranging responsibilities for emergency preparedness, mitigation planning and response activities in relation to a staggering list of possible natural and manmade disasters. Mr. Witt for the past 4 years has been the Director of the Arkansas Office of Emergency Preparedness, and county judge. Ten years prior to his appointment, he served as the Yell County judge, which I might add is the equivalent to a county executive officer. Mr. Witt will be the first Fema Director to have hands-on experience in the job that he is undertaking. He is well-trained, and extremely well-qualified for this mission. Under his leadership and guidance, I am certain that we are going to see a reinvigorated Federal Emergency Management Agency, and we will be proud of Mr. Witt's leadership. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. |
| james lee witt for congress: Promoting Private Sector Emergency Preparedness United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business, 2006 |
| james lee witt for congress: Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications United States. Superintendent of Documents, 1993 |
| james lee witt for congress: Disaster Christopher Cooper, Robert Block, 2007-04-01 Based on exclusive interviews, the inside story of how America's emergency response system failed and how it remains dangerously broken When Hurricane Katrina roared ashore on the morning of August 29, 2005, federal and state officials were not prepared for the devastation it would bring—despite all the drills, exercises, and warnings. In this troubling exposé of what went wrong, Christopher Cooper and Robert Block of The Wall Street Journal show that the flaws go much deeper than out-of-touch federal bureaucrats or overwhelmed local politicians. Drawing on exclusive interviews with federal, state, and local officials, Cooper and Block take readers inside the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Homeland Security to reveal the inexcusable mismanagement during Hurricane Katrina—the bad decisions that were made, the facts that were ignored, the individuals who saw that the system was broken but were unable to fix it. America's top emergency response officials had long known that a calamitous hurricane was likely to hit New Orleans, but that seems to have had little effect on planning or execution. Disaster demonstrates that the incompetent response to Hurricane Katrina is a wake-up call to all Americans, wherever they live, about how distressingly vulnerable we remain. Washington is ill equipped to handle large-scale emergencies, be they floods or fires, natural events or terrorist attacks, and Cooper and Block make a strong case for overhauling of the nation's emergency response system. This is a book that no American can afford to ignore. |
| james lee witt for congress: Disaster Policy and Politics Richard Sylves, 2014-07-23 In the Second Edition of Disaster Policy and Politics, author Richard Sylves covers the hottest and most controversial issues in the fields of disaster management and homeland security. The work provides a careful and balanced analysis of U.S. disaster politics and policy, paying special attention to the role of key actors—decision makers at the federal, state, and local levels. The book’s comprehensive “all-hazards” approach introduces readers to important public policy, organizational management, and leadership issues whether they aspire to be emergency managers or not. Crafted to be more instructor- and student-friendly, the 10-chapter volume includes boxed mini–case studies depicting disasters large and small. Among its aims are to provide illuminating examples, context, and humanitarian relevance. |
| james lee witt for congress: Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents , 1993-11 |
| james lee witt for congress: Congressional Record Index , 1993 Includes history of bills and resolutions. |
| james lee witt for congress: Strategic Review , 1994 ... dedicated to the advancement and understanding of those principles and practices, military and political, which serve the vital security interests of the United States. |
| james lee witt for congress: Playing Politics with Natural Disaster Timothy W. Kneeland, 2020-04-15 Hurricane Agnes struck the United States in June of 1972, just months before a pivotal election and at the dawn of the deindustrialization period across the Northeast. The response by local, state, and national officials had long-term consequences for all Americans. President Richard Nixon used the tragedy for political gain by delivering a generous relief package to the key states of New York and Pennsylvania in a bid to win over voters. After his landslide reelection in 1972, Nixon cut benefits for disaster victims and then passed legislation to push responsibility for disaster preparation and mitigation on to states and localities. The impact led to the rise of emergency management and inspired the development of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). With a particular focus on events in New York and Pennsylvania, Timothy W. Kneeland narrates how local, state, and federal authorities responded to the immediate crisis of Hurricane Agnes and managed the long-term recovery. The impact of Agnes was horrific, as the storm left 122 people dead, forced tens of thousands into homelessness, and caused billions of dollars in damage from Florida to New York. In its aftermath, local officials and leaders directed disaster relief funds to rebuild their shattered cities and reshaped future disaster policies. Playing Politics with Natural Disaster explains how the political decisions by local, state, and federal officials shaped state and national disaster policy and continues to influence emergency preparedness and response to this day. |
| james lee witt for congress: Arkansas Politics and Government Diane D. Blair, Jay Barth, 2005-01-01 Published a decade and a half after the late Diane D. Blair s influential book Arkansas Politics and Government, this freshly revised edition builds on her work, which highlighted both the decades of failure by Arkansas's government to live up to the state s motto of Regnat Populus ( The People Rule ) and the positive trends of democracy. Since the first edition, Arkansas has seen the two-term U.S. presidency of a native son, the retirement of players who defined the state s politics in the modern era, the further realignment of the state s electorate, the passage of the nation s most extreme legislative term limits, the complete overhaul of the state s court system, and the declaration that the state s public education system was unconstitutionally inadequate and inequitable. While maintaining the basic structure of Blair s original work with its focus on important historical patterns and the ways in which the past continues to shape the present, the second edition details the causes and consequences of recent changes in Arkansas and asks whether they are profound and permanent or merely transitory variations in symbol and style. Jay Barth argues that although Arkansas currently expresses a healthier representative democracy than throughout most of its history, its political and governmental entities are still sharply limited as effective instruments of the people. |
| james lee witt for congress: Disaster Policy and Politics Richard T. Sylves, 2019-02-13 Disaster Policy and Politics combines evidence-based research with mini-case studies of recent events to demonstrate the fundamental principles of emergency management and to explore the impact that disasters have had on U.S. policy. Paying special attention to the role of key actors—decision makers at the federal, state, and local levels; scientists; engineers; civil and military personnel; and first responders—author Richard Sylves explores how researchers contribute to and engage in disaster policy development and management. The highly anticipated Third Edition explores the radical change in policy and politics after the occurrence of recent disasters such as hurricanes Irma, Maria, and Harvey; Hawaii′s false nuclear attack warning; and responses to U.S. wildfires. The book’s comprehensive all-hazards approach introduces students to the important public policy, organizational management, and leadership issues they may need as future practitioners and leaders in the field. |
| james lee witt for congress: Promoting private sector emergency preparedness : hearing before the Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, Washington, DC, November 1, 2005. United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business, 2006 |
| james lee witt for congress: Far from Home United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Disaster Recovery, 2009 |
| james lee witt for congress: Disasters and the American State Patrick S. Roberts, 2013-10-28 Politicians and bureaucrats claim credit for the federal government's successes in preparing for and responding to disaster, and they are also blamed for failures outside of government's control. New interventions have created precedents and established organizations and administrative cultures that accumulated over time and produced a trend in which citizens, politicians, and bureaucrats expect the government to provide more security from more kinds of disasters. Despite the rhetoric, however, the federal government's increasingly bold claims and heightened public expectations are disproportionate to the ability of the federal government to prevent or reduce the damage caused by disaster. |
| james lee witt for congress: Emergency Management Andrew Jones, Andrew Kovacich, 2012-04-03 Following in the footsteps of its popular predecessor, the second edition of Emergency Management: The American Experience 19002010 provides the background needed to understand the key political and policy underpinnings of emergency management, exploring how major focusing events have shaped the development of emergency management. It builds on |
| james lee witt for congress: Managing Risk and Performance Thomas Stanton, Douglas W. Webster, 2014-02-10 Discover analytical tools and practices to help improve the quality of risk management in government organizations Federal agencies increasingly recognize the importance of active risk management to help ensure that they can carry out their missions. High impact events, once thought to occur only rarely, now occur with surprising frequency. Managing Risk in Government Agencies and Programs provides insight into the increasingly critical role of effective risk management, while offering analytical tools and promising practices that can help improve the quality of risk management in government organizations. Includes chapters that contribute to the knowledge of government executives and managers who want to establish or implement risk management, and especially Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), in their agencies Features chapters written by federal risk managers, public administration practitioners, and scholars Showing government officials how to improve their organization's risk management capabilities, Managing Risk in Government Agencies and Programs meets a growing demand from federal departments and agencies that find themselves increasingly embarrassed by risky events that raise questions about their ability to carry out their missions. |
| james lee witt for congress: Members' Day United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Budget, 2001 |
| james lee witt for congress: The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Preparedness and Response to All Hazards United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, 2007 |
| james lee witt for congress: State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations for 2011 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs, 2010 |
| james lee witt for congress: H.R. 3348, The Snow Removal Policy Act of 1996 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment, 1997 Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. |
| james lee witt for congress: Passing the Baton United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Subcommittee on Government Management, Organization, and Procurement, 2009 |
| james lee witt for congress: Keeping the Nation Safe Through the Presidential Transition United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia, 2009 |
| james lee witt for congress: Department of Defense Appropriations for 2006 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense, 2006 |
| james lee witt for congress: PKEMRA Implementation United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness and Response, 2010 |
| james lee witt for congress: Readiness in the Post-Katrina and Post-9/11 World United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, 2007 |
| james lee witt for congress: Catastrophic Earthquakes United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, 1992 |
| james lee witt for congress: Emergency Preparedness at the Indian Point Energy Center Located in Buchanan, New York United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, 2003 |
| james lee witt for congress: Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States United States. President, 1999 |
| james lee witt for congress: Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, William J. Clinton United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton), 1994 |
| james lee witt for congress: Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, William J. Clinton: Jan. 20-July 31, 1993. bk. 2. Aug. 1-Dec. 31, 1993 United States. President (1993-2001 : Clinton), 1994 |
| james lee witt for congress: Official Congressional Directory 1999-2000 Claitors Law, 1999-09 |
| james lee witt for congress: Encyclopedia of U.S. Political History Andrew Robertson, Michael A. Morrison, William G. Shade, Robert Johnston, Robert Zieger, Thomas Langston, Richard Valelly, 2010-04-01 Unparalleled coverage of U.S. political development through a unique chronological framework Encyclopedia of U.S. Political History explores the events, policies, activities, institutions, groups, people, and movements that have created and shaped political life in the United States. With contributions from scholars in the fields of history and political science, this seven-volume set provides students, researchers, and scholars the opportunity to examine the political evolution of the United States from the 1500s to the present day. With greater coverage than any other resource, the Encyclopedia of U.S. Political History identifies and illuminates patterns and interrelations that will expand the reader’s understanding of American political institutions, culture, behavior, and change. Focusing on both government and history, the Encyclopedia brings exceptional breadth and depth to the topic with more than 100 essays for each of the critical time periods covered. With each volume covering one of seven time periods that correspond to key eras in American history, the essays and articles in this authoritative encyclopedia focus on the following themes of political history: The three branches of government Elections and political parties Legal and constitutional histories Political movements and philosophies, and key political figures Economics Military politics International relations, treaties, and alliances Regional histories Key Features Organized chronologically by political eras Reader’s guide for easy-topic searching across volumes Maps, photographs, and tables enhance the text Signed entries by a stellar group of contributors VOLUME 1 ?Colonial Beginnings through Revolution ?1500–1783 ?Volume Editor: Andrew Robertson, Herbert H. Lehman College ?The colonial period witnessed the transformation of thirteen distinct colonies into an independent federated republic. This volume discusses the diversity of the colonial political experience—a diversity that modern scholars have found defies easy synthesis—as well as the long-term conflicts, policies, and events that led to revolution, and the ideas underlying independence. VOLUME 2 ?The Early Republic ?1784–1840 ?Volume Editor: Michael A. Morrison, Purdue University No period in the history of the United States was more critical to the foundation and shaping of American politics than the early American republic. This volume discusses the era of Confederation, the shaping of the U.S. Constitution, and the development of the party system. VOLUME 3 ?Expansion, Division, and Reconstruction ?1841–1877 ?Volume Editor: William Shade, Lehigh University (emeritus) ?This volume examines three decades in the middle of the nineteenth century, which witnessed: the emergence of the debate over slavery in the territories, which eventually led to the Civil War; the military conflict itself from 1861 until 1865; and the process of Reconstruction, which ended with the readmission of all of the former Confederate States to the Union and the withdrawal of the last occupying federal troops from those states in 1877. VOLUME 4 ?From the Gilded Age through the Age of Reform ?1878–1920 ?Volume Editor: Robert Johnston, University of Illinois at Chicago With the withdrawal of federal soldiers from Southern states the previous year, 1878 marked a new focus in American politics, and it became recognizably modern within the next 40 years. This volume focuses on race and politics; economics, labor, and capitalism; agrarian politics and populism; national politics; progressivism; foreign affairs; World War I; and the end of the progressive era. VOLUME 5 ?Prosperity, Depression, and War ?1921–1945 ?Volume Editor: Robert Zieger, University of Florida Between 1921 and 1945, the U.S. political system exhibited significant patterns of both continuity and change in a turbulent time marked by racist conflicts, the Great Depression, and World War II. The main topics covered in this volume are declining party identification; the Roosevelt Coalition; evolving party organization; congressional inertia in the 1920s; the New Deal; Congress during World War II; the growth of the federal government; Franklin D. Roosevelt’s presidency; the Supreme Court’s conservative traditions; and a new judicial outlook. VOLUME 6 ?Postwar Consensus to Social Unrest ?1946–1975 ?Volume Editor: Thomas Langston, Tulane University This volume examines the postwar era with the consolidation of the New Deal, the onset of the Cold War, and the Korean War. It then moves into the 1950s and early 1960s, and discusses the Vietnam war; the era of John F. Kennedy; the Cuban Missile Crisis; the Civil Rights Act; Martin Luther King and the Voting Rights Act; antiwar movements; The War Powers Act; environmental policy; the Equal Rights Amendment; Roe v. Wade; Watergate; and the end of the Vietnam War. VOLUME 7 ?The Clash of Conservatism and Liberalism ?1976 to present ?Volume Editor: Richard Valelly, Swarthmore College ?The troubled Carter Administration, 1977–1980, proved to be the political gateway for the resurgence of a more ideologically conservative Republican party led by a popular president, Ronald Reagan. The last volume of the Encyclopedia covers politics and national institutions in a polarized era of nationally competitive party politics and programmatic debates about taxes, social policy, and the size of national government. It also considers the mixed blessing of the change in superpower international competition associated with the end of the Cold War. Stateless terrorism (symbolized by the 9/11 attacks), the continuing American tradition of civil liberties, and the broad change in social diversity wrought by immigration and the impact in this period of the rights revolutions are also covered. |
| james lee witt for congress: Budgetary Treatment of Emergencies United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Budget. Task Force on Budget Process (1998- ), 1998 |
James 1 NIV - James, a servant of God and of the Lord - Bible ...
James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes scattered among the nations: Greetings. Trials and Temptations - Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, …
James (Pulitzer Prize Winner): A Novel Hardcover - amazon.com
Mar 19, 2024 · Brimming with the electrifying humor and lacerating observations that have made Everett a literary icon, this brilliant and tender novel radically illuminates Jim’s agency, …
James: The General Epistle of James - Bible Hub
A Greeting from James (Jude 1:1–2) 1 James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes of the Dispersion: a. Greetings. Rejoicing in Trials (Philippians 1:12–20) 2 …
Epistle of James - Wikipedia
The Epistle of James is a public letter , and includes an epistolary prescript that identifies the sender ("James") and the recipients ("to the twelve tribes in the diaspora") and provides a …
James 1 | NIV Bible | YouVersion
2 Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, whenever you face trials of many kinds, 3 because you know that the testing of your faith produces perseverance. 4 Let perseverance finish its …
What can we learn from what the Bible says about James the ...
Jan 5, 2022 · Jesus had two disciples named James: James the son of Zebedee and James the son of Alphaeus. Another James, the half-brother of Jesus, was never one of the twelve …
James | BibleRef.com
James teaches his readers to endure trials with joy (James 1:2–4), asking God for wisdom (James 1:5–8), with the right perspective (James 1:9–11). Believers must also understand the power …
James 1 NIV - James, a servant of God and of the Lord - Bible ...
James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes scattered among the nations: Greetings. Trials and Temptations - Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, …
James (Pulitzer Prize Winner): A Novel Hardcover - amazon.com
Mar 19, 2024 · Brimming with the electrifying humor and lacerating observations that have made Everett a literary icon, this brilliant and tender novel radically illuminates Jim’s agency, …
James: The General Epistle of James - Bible Hub
A Greeting from James (Jude 1:1–2) 1 James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes of the Dispersion: a. Greetings. Rejoicing in Trials (Philippians 1:12–20) 2 …
Epistle of James - Wikipedia
The Epistle of James is a public letter , and includes an epistolary prescript that identifies the sender ("James") and the recipients ("to the twelve tribes in the diaspora") and provides a …
James 1 | NIV Bible | YouVersion
2 Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, whenever you face trials of many kinds, 3 because you know that the testing of your faith produces perseverance. 4 Let perseverance finish its …
What can we learn from what the Bible says about James the ...
Jan 5, 2022 · Jesus had two disciples named James: James the son of Zebedee and James the son of Alphaeus. Another James, the half-brother of Jesus, was never one of the twelve …
James | BibleRef.com
James teaches his readers to endure trials with joy (James 1:2–4), asking God for wisdom (James 1:5–8), with the right perspective (James 1:9–11). Believers must also understand the power …
