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| ibn battuta in black africa: Ibn Battuta in Black Africa Ibn Batuta, Said Hamdun, Noel Quinton King, 2005 An important document about Black Africa written by a non-European medieval historian. He wrote disapprovingly of sexual integration in families and of hostility toward the white man. His description is a document of the high culture, pride, and independence of Black African states in the fourteenth century. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Ibn Battuta in Black Africa Ibn Batuta, Said Hamdun, Noel Quinton King, 2004 |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Batūta Ibn Batuta, 2012-02-16 An 1829 English edition of the work of the Arab traveller Ibn Battuta (1304-68/9), whose journeys may have reached as far as China and Zanzibar. There is doubt as to whether Ibn Battuta actually saw everything he described, but this account gives a fascinating world-view from the medieval period. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Ibn Battuta in Black Africa Ibn Batuta, Said Hamdun, Noel Quinton King, 1975 Translated from the Arabic and edited by Said Hamdun & Noel King |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Adventures of Ibn Battuta Ross E. Dunn, 2005 Ross Dunn's classic retelling of the travels of Ibn Battuta, a Muslim of the 14th century. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Amazing Travels of Ibn Battuta Fatima Sharafeddine, 2014-05-01 The true story of a fourteenth-century traveler, whose journeys through the Islamic world and beyond were extraordinary for his time. In 1325, when Ibn Battuta was just twenty-one, he bid farewell to his parents in Tangier, Morocco, and embarked on a pilgrimage to Mecca. It was thirty years before he returned home, having seen much of the world. In this book he recalls his amazing journey and the fascinating people, cultures and places he encountered. After his pilgrimage to Mecca, Ibn Battuta was filled with a desire to see more of the world. He traveled extensively, throughout Islamic lands and beyond — from the Middle East to Africa to Europe to Asia. Travelers were uncommon in those days, and when Ibn Battuta arrived in a new city he would introduce himself to the governor or religious leaders, and they in turn would provide him with gifts, a place to stay and study, and sometimes they even gave him money to continue his journey. Some of the highlights of his travels included seeing the stunning Dome of the Rock shrine in Jerusalem; witnessing the hundreds of women who gathered to pray at the mosque in Shiraz; visiting the public baths in Baghdad; and meeting the Mogul emperor of India, who made him a judge and eventually sent him to China as an ambassador. Ibn Battuta kept a diary of his travels, and even though he lost it many times and had to recall and rewrite what he had seen, he kept a remarkable record of his years away. His adventurous spirit, keen mind and meticulous observations, as retold here by Fatima Sharafeddine, give us a remarkable picture of what it was like to be a traveler nearly seven hundred years ago. The book is beautifully illustrated by Intelaq Mohammed Ali, with maps and travel routes forming the backdrop for many richly painted scenes. Correlates to the Common Core State Standards in English Language Arts: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.4.3 Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific information in the text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.5.3 Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific information in the text. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Precolonial Black Africa Cheikh Anta Diop, Harold Salemson, 2012-09-01 This comparison of the political and social systems of Europe and black Africa from antiquity to the formation of modern states demonstrates the black contribution to the development of Western civilization. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Traveling Man James Rumford, 2001-09-24 Ibn Battuta was the traveler of his age—the fourteenth century, a time before Columbus when many believed the world to be flat. Like Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta left behind an account of his own incredible journey from Morocco to China, from the steppes of Russia to the shores of Tanzania, some seventy-five thousand miles in all. James Rumford has retold Ibn Battuta’s story in words and pictures, adding the element of ancient Arab maps—maps as colorful and as evocative as a Persian miniature, as intricate and mysterious as a tiled Moroccan wall. Into this arabesque of pictures and maps, James Rumford has woven the story not just of a traveler in a world long gone but of a man on his journey through life. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Battuta Albion M Butters, 2018 Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (1304 - 1369) was the best-known Arab traveler in world history. Over a period of thirty years, he visited most of the Islamic world and many non-Muslim lands. Following his travels, he dictated a report he called A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Traveling, known simply in Arabic as the Riḥla. This dramatic document provides a firsthand account of the nascent globalization brought by the spread of Islam and the relationship between the Western world and India and China in the 14th century. As an Islamic legal scholar, Ibn Baṭṭūṭa served at high levels of government within the vibrant Muslim network of India and China. In the Riḥla, he shares insights into the complex power dynamics of the time and provides commentary on the religious miracles he encountered. The result is an entertaining narrative with a wealth of anecdotes, often humorous or shocking, and in many cases touchingly human. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Ibn Battuta in Black Africa S. Hamdun, 1994 |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Ibn Battuta in Black Africa Ibn Batuta, Said Hamdun, Noel Quinton King, 196? |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Black Morocco Chouki El Hamel, 2014-02-27 Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam chronicles the experiences, identity and achievements of enslaved black people in Morocco from the sixteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. Chouki El Hamel argues that we cannot rely solely on Islamic ideology as the key to explain social relations and particularly the history of black slavery in the Muslim world, for this viewpoint yields an inaccurate historical record of the people, institutions and social practices of slavery in Northwest Africa. El Hamel focuses on black Moroccans' collective experience beginning with their enslavement to serve as the loyal army of the Sultan Isma'il. By the time the Sultan died in 1727, they had become a political force, making and unmaking rulers well into the nineteenth century. The emphasis on the political history of the black army is augmented by a close examination of the continuity of black Moroccan identity through the musical and cultural practices of the Gnawa. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: West Africa Eugene L. Mendonsa, 2002 This introductory book covers West Africa's history, social organization, and contemporary setting. It analyzes the many present-day problems facing West Africans such as the lack of development, dependency on economic relations with wealthy countries, poor governance, interference by the military in civilian affairs, corruption, and the lack of functioning democratic governments. This book also shows how West African indigenous civilization developed its humanitarian, democratic, and communalistic nature. Traditional political processes and ancestral customs are put forth as ways of solving West Africa's modern problems. Divided into three main parts: The Setting and Social Organization, The History of West Africa, and The Modern Era, the main objective of this textbook is to teach students about the depth of African civilization and how its principles can be used to address modern-day problems in West Africa. Mendonsa expresses the opinion that in order to solve current problems plaguing the region, a knowledge of history, African culture, and ancient African beliefs is crucial. The Teacher's Manual includes chapter outlines and summaries, key points, sample questions, and suggested films and websites. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: African Dominion Michael A. Gomez, 2018-01-01 A groundbreaking history that puts early and medieval West Africa in a global context Pick up almost any book on early and medieval world history and empire, and where do you find West Africa? On the periphery. This pioneering book, the first on this period of the region’s history in a generation, tells a different story. Interweaving political and social history and drawing on a rich array of sources, including Arabic manuscripts, oral histories, and recent archaeological findings, Michael Gomez unveils a new vision of how categories of ethnicity, race, gender, and caste emerged in Africa and in global history more generally. Scholars have long held that such distinctions arose during the colonial period, but Gomez shows they developed much earlier. Focusing on the Savannah and Sahel region, Gomez traces the exchange of ideas and influences with North Africa and the Central Islamic Lands by way of merchants, scholars, and pilgrims. Islam’s growth in West Africa, in tandem with intensifying commerce that included slaves, resulted in a series of political experiments unique to the region, culminating in the rise of empire. A major preoccupation was the question of who could be legally enslaved, which together with other factors led to the construction of new ideas about ethnicity, race, gender, and caste—long before colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade. Telling a radically new story about early Africa in global history, African Dominion is set to be the standard work on the subject for many years to come. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Caravans of Gold, Fragments in Time Kathleen Bickford Berzock, 2019-02-26 Issued in conjunction with the exhibition Caravans of Gold, Fragments in Time, held January 26, 2019-July 21, 2019, Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Africans John Iliffe, 2007-08-13 In a vast and all-embracing study of Africa, from the origins of mankind to the AIDS epidemic, John Iliffe refocuses its history on the peopling of an environmentally hostile continent. Africans have been pioneers struggling against disease and nature, and their social, economic and political institutions have been designed to ensure their survival. In the context of medical progress and other twentieth-century innovations, however, the same institutions have bred the most rapid population growth the world has ever seen. Africans: The History of a Continent is thus a single story binding living Africans to their earliest human ancestors. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Empires of Medieval West Africa David C. Conrad, 2009 While Europe experienced the early medieval period, a series of empires spread across West Africa, making advances in trade, language, culture, and economy. Beginning around 1200 CE , the Mali, Songhay, and Ghana empires spread their sequent |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Algerian Dream Andrew Farrand, 2021-04-26 Few outsiders have had the privilege to get to know Algeria and its youth so intimately-or to observe firsthand this pivotal chapter in the nation's history. It's a story that reveals much about the relationship between citizens and leaders, about the sanctity of human dignity, and about the power of dreams and the courage to pursue them. Nearly two-thirds of Algeria's population is under the age of 35. Growing up during or soon after the violent conflict that wracked Algeria during the 1990's, and amid the powerful influences of global online culture, this generation views the world much differently than their parents or grandparents do. The Algerian Dream: Youth and the Quest for Dignity invites readers to discover this generation, their hopes for the future and, most significantly, the frustrations that have brought them into the streets en masse since 2019, peacefully challenging a long-established order. After seven years living and working alongside these young people across Algeria, Andrew G. Farrand shares his insights on what makes the next generation tick in North Africa's sleeping giant. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: In Bengal Muhammad Ibn Battuta, 2018-03-20 One of the distant regions visited by the intrepid 14th century Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta was East Bengal. At that time what is now Bangladesh comprised parts of three different kingdoms, Bengal, Lakhnauti and Kamrup. After a brief stay in Bengal proper Ibn Battuta proceeded to what is now Sylhet, in Kamrup, to visit the renowned Muslim saint Sheikh Jalaluddin Tabrizi (nowadays known as Hazrat Shah Jalal). This book, which is primarily intended for English-speaking students of Arabic, contains the pages of Ibn Battuta's travel memoirs which cover his time in East Bengal. Included in the book are the original Arabic text, a transcription in Roman characters, a translation and a comprehensive Arabic-English glossary. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History Nehemia Levtzion, 1981-01 |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Patrice Lumumba Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja, 2014-11-04 Patrice Lumumba was a leader of the independence struggle in what is today the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the country’s first democratically elected prime minister. After a meteoric rise in the colonial civil service and the African political elite, he became a major figure in the decolonization movement of the 1950s. Lumumba’s short tenure as prime minister (1960–1961) was marked by an uncompromising defense of Congolese national interests against pressure from international mining companies and the Western governments that orchestrated his eventual demise. Cold war geopolitical maneuvering and well-coordinated efforts by Lumumba’s domestic adversaries culminated in his assassination at the age of thirty-five, with the support or at least the tacit complicity of the U.S. and Belgian governments, the CIA, and the UN Secretariat. Even decades after Lumumba’s death, his personal integrity and unyielding dedication to the ideals of self-determination, self-reliance, and pan-African solidarity assure him a prominent place among the heroes of the twentieth-century African independence movement and the worldwide African diaspora. Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja’s short and concise book provides a contemporary analysis of Lumumba’s life and work, examining both his strengths and his weaknesses as a political leader. It also surveys the national, continental, and international contexts of Lumumba’s political ascent and his swift elimination by the interests threatened by his ideas and practical reforms. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Travels with My Hat Christine Osborne, 2013-12 The remarkable story of how an Australian nurse became an award-winning travel writer and acclaimed photographer working alone in some of the most offbeat places on earth. This was trailblazing travel in a time well before the internet: before travel rating websites advised where to stay and before mass tourism disturbed the culture of many countries. In 1979 Christine Osborne travelled with the Buckingham Palace Press Corps to cover Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth's tour of the Arab states. The hat incident of the title refers to a moment in Nizwa, in the Sultanate of Oman, when the Queen became separated from the royal party in the labyrinthine souq. Christine's other adventures in Yemen, Pakistan, Morocco, Ethiopia and Iraq are rounded off with letters to her mother who had never left Australia. Travels with My Hat: A lifetime on the road is an extraordinary account by a cool-headed young woman carrying her camera-bag and wearing her trusty blue hat. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Travels with a Tangerine Tim Mackintosh-Smith, 2012-03-15 Ibn Battutah set out in 1325 from his native Tangier on the pilgrimage to Mecca. By the time he returned twenty-nine years later, he had visited most of the known world, travelling three times the distance Marco Polo covered. Spiritual backpacker, social climber, temporary hermit and failed ambassador, he braved brigands, blisters and his own prejudices. The outcome was a monumental travel classic. Captivated by this indefatigable man, award-winning travel writer Tim Mackintosh-Smith set out on his own eventful journey, retracing the Moroccan's eccentric trip from Tangier to Constantinople. Tim proves himself a perfect companion to this distant traveller, and the result is an amazing blend of personalities, history and contemporary observation. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Black Death in the Middle East Michael W. Dols, 1979 |
| ibn battuta in black africa: San Rock Art J.D. Lewis-Williams, 2013-02-15 San rock paintings, scattered over the range of southern Africa, are considered by many to be the very earliest examples of representational art. There are as many as 15,000 known rock art sites, created over the course of thousands of years up until the nineteenth century. There are possibly just as many still awaiting discovery. Taking as his starting point the magnificent Linton panel in the Iziko-South African Museum in Cape Town, J. D. Lewis-Williams examines the artistic and cultural significance of rock art and how this art sheds light on how San image-makers conceived their world. It also details the European encounter with rock art as well as the contentious European interaction with the artists’ descendants, the contemporary San people. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Gibbous Moon Over Lagos Pamela Watson, 2020-03-01 Lagos, Nigeria, a city of about 20 million people is growing fast and it is not the same Africa as that of the open plains of the Serengeti or the thunderous white cloud of Victoria Falls. This is Africa’s wild side, a place where ethics can be lost and where enormous good can be done; it is where Africa’s future will be made. In 2005, Australian Pamela Watson, a one-time intrepid cyclist who peddled her way solo across Africa turned Lagos-based businesswoman, embarked on a thrilling five-year entrepreneurial journey. It included the highs of creating a successful hand-made paper social enterprise and making a difference to an embattled community, and the lows of discovering the human cost of a corrupt system and anxiety over the integrity of those she believed shared her business dream. This original story explores whether Lagos’s gibbous moon is waxing to full or waning back to the dark side, and what happened to Pamela’s own cycle of business adventures. Along the way, we gain rare insight into this megacity of contradictions — as open as it is opaque, as full of opportunity as it is of hazards, as exciting as it is frustrating. What becomes clear is that effervescent, hard-working, self-aware and brutally self-critical Lagosians are determinedly chasing dreams and opportunities in this untamed urban environment. Gibbous Moon Over Lagos is a timely, spirited and inspiring read for those keen to know an Africa that challenges old stereotypes. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Transatlantic Africa Kwasi Konadu, 2018-11-14 Transatlantic Africa examines the internal workings of African and diasporic slave societies in the transatlantic era. Emphasizing a global context and the multiplicity of African experiences during that period, historian Kwasi Konadu interprets transatlantic slaving and its consequences through African and diasporic primary sources. Based on careful reading of Africans' oral histories, archival documents, and visual evidence, the book connects those experiences to local and international slaving systems. It also tackles the themes of commodification, capitalism, abolitionism, and reparations. By integrating these views with critical interpretations, Transatlantic Africa balances intellectual rigor with broad accessibility, helping readers to think anew about how transoceanic slaving made the modern world |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Battuta to Central Asia Ibn Batuta, Ibrahimov Nematulla Ibrahimovich, 2010 The original Travels of Ibn Battuta ranks high amongst the masterpieces of Arabic geographical literature and is of great significance in the understanding of the history of the peoples inhabiting the Central Asian states. In 1325, Ibn Battuta, a traveler and adventurer from Tangiers, embarked on an extraordinary journey via Mecca to Egypt, East Africa, India, and China and returned some thirty years later to write about his experiences. Ibrahimov Nematulla Ibrahimovich details the life and travels of Ibn Battuta to give the reader an idea of the extent of the adventures and also to provide insights into the remarkable traveler himself. He then chronicles both lay and learned opinion over the centuries with regard to the amazing yet controversial journey, revealing the doubt that existed towards the authenticity of the tales: were they simply a fantastic invention or were they real experiences? To illustrate his argument, Ibrahimovich then selects a passage from The Travels concerning Central Asia and provides extensive historical and philological commentary and notes on the passage in an effort to persuade the reader of the authenticity of the tales and their value in helping us understand the peoples of Central Asia in the fourteenth century. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Epic of Askia Mohammed Thomas Albert Hale, Thomas A. Hale, 1996-02-22 Askia Mohammed is the most famous leader in the history of the Songhay Empire, which reached its apogee during his reign in 1493-1528. Songhay, approximately halfway between the present-day cities of Timbuktu in Mali and Niamey in Niger, became a political force beginning in 1463, under the leadership of Sonni Ali Ber. By the time of his death in 1492, the foundation had been laid for the development under Askia Mohammed of a complex system of administration, a well-equipped army and navy, and a network of large government-owned farms. The present rendition of the epic was narrated by the griot (or jeseré) Nouhou Malio over two evenings in Saga, a small town on the Niger River, two miles downstream from Niamey. The text is a word-for-word translation from Nouhou Malio's oral performance. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: 1001 Inventions Salim T. S. Al-Hassani, 2012 Modern society owes a tremendous amount to the Muslim world for the many groundbreaking scientific and technological advances that were pioneered during the Golden Age of Muslim civilization between the 7th and 17th centuries. Every time you drink coffee, eat a three-course meal, get a whiff of your favorite perfume, take shelter in an earthquake-resistant structure, get a broken bone set or solve an algebra problem, it is in part due to the discoveries of Muslim civilization. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Sundiata Djibril Tamsir Niane, 1965 The son of Sogolon, the hunchback princess, and Maghan, known as the handsome, Sundiata grew up to fulfill the prophesies of the soothsayers that he would unite the twelve kingdoms of Mali into one of the most powerful empires ever known in Africa, which at its peak stretched right across the savanna belt from the shores of the Atlantic to the dusty walls of Timbuktu. Retold by generations of griots, the guardians of African culture, this oral tradition has been handed down from the thirteenth century and captures all the mystery and majesty of medieval African kingship. It is an epic tale, part history and part legend. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Black Africa Cheikh Anta Diop, 1987 This expanded edition continues Diop's campaign for the political and economic unification of the nations of black Africa. It concludes with a lengthy interview with Diop. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Medieval Islamic Civilization Josef W. Meri, 2006 Examines the socio-cultural history of the regions where Islam took hold between the 7th and 16th century. This two-volume work contains 700 alphabetically arranged entries, and provides a portrait of Islamic civilization. It is of use in understanding the roots of Islamic society as well to explore the culture of medieval civilization. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Battuta, AD 1325–1354 H.A.R. Gibb, C.F. Beckingham, 2017-05-15 This volume completes the translation of Ibn Battuta's narrative. Volume III ended with Ibn Battuta's appointment by the Sultan of Delhi to accompany an embassy to China. In Volume IV he describes his journey to the coast where he embarked near Cambay and sailed to Calicut. Here the ships which were to take them to China were wrecked. Ibn Battuta joined the Sultan of Honavar in a temporarily successful attack on Goa, and then went to the Maldives, which had not long been converted to Islam by another North African. Here he functioned as a judge, married into the ruling elite, and became involved in a plot to bring the islands under the authority of a bloodthirsty Sultan in south India. On the way to join him, Ibn Battuta found himself in Ceylon and took the opportunity to climb Adam's Peak. He abandoned the planned invasion of the Maldives, to which he returned briefly, and the sailed to Bengal to visit an ascetic in Sylhet. He claims to have visited several countries in south-east Asia, including Sumatra and Java and some which cannot be satisfactorily identified, and arrived in China. After going to Canton he travelled by a non-existent river to Hang-chou and Beijing. His return to Morocco, during which he witnessed the ravages of the Black Death in Syria and Egypt, and called at Cagliari in a Catalan ship, is described summarily. He made two more journeys, the first to part of Spain still under Muslim rule, which included Gibraltar, Ronda, Malaga and Granada, and the other across the Sahara to the kingdom of Mali on the upper Niger, from which he returned to Fez via Timbuktu, Hoggar country and Tuat. Translated with revisions and new annotation from the Arabic text edited by C. Defrémery and B.R. Sanguinetti. Continued from Second Series 141, with continuous pagination. The first two parts are Second Series 110 and 117. The index to all four parts is provided in Second Series 190. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1994. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Battuta Janet Hardy-Gould, 2010 A retelling of the travels of Moroccan scholar Ibn Battuta in North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia during the fourteenth century, told in simplified language for new readers. Includes activities to enhance reading comprehension skills and improve vocabulary. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: Slavery in the History of Muslim Black Africa Humphrey J. Fisher, 2001-08 Utilizing the accounts of observers and those who participated in the institution of slavery--slavers, travellers, and slaves themselves-- and the records kept by the judicial institutions of Islam, Fisher (African history, U. of London) explores the political, religious, economic, and social forces surrounding the growth and legitimization of the institution of slavery in Muslim Africa from the 10th century to the 19th century. He explains how the institution differed in nature and harshness both geographically and across time, offering stories where slaves were relatively well treated and rose to prominent places in society, as well as stories in which slaves were treated brutally and often rebelled. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Invention of Africa V. Y. Mudimbe, 1988 What is the meaning of Africa and of being African? What is and what is not African philosophy? Is philosophy part of Africanism? These are the kind of fundamental questions which this book addresses. North America: Indiana U Press |
| ibn battuta in black africa: The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 Ibn Batuta, A. D. H. Bivar, 2000 Ibn Battuta was born in Tangier in 1304. Between 1324 and 1354 he journeyed through North Africa and Asia Minor and as far as China. On a separate voyage he crossed the Sahara to the Muslim lands of West Africa. His journeys are estimated to have covered over 75,000 miles and he is the only medieval traveller known to have visited every Muslim state of the time, besides the 'infidel' countries of Istanbul, Ceylon and China. This first volume records the earliest journeys through Tunisia, Egypt, Syria, Arabia, on pilgrimage to the Holy Places of Islam. Among the detailed descriptions of towns on the road and of their inhabitants, he gives a particularly circumstancial account of Medina and Mecca. |
| ibn battuta in black africa: A History of Race in Muslim West Africa, 1600-1960 Bruce S. Hall, 2011-06-06 The mobilization of local ideas about racial difference has been important in generating, and intensifying, civil wars that have occurred since the end of colonial rule in all of the countries that straddle the southern edge of the Sahara Desert. From Sudan to Mauritania, the racial categories deployed in contemporary conflicts often hearken back to an older history in which blackness could be equated with slavery and non-blackness with predatory and uncivilized banditry. This book traces the development of arguments about race over a period of more than 350 years in one important place along the southern edge of the Sahara Desert: the Niger Bend in northern Mali. Using Arabic documents held in Timbuktu, as well as local colonial sources in French and oral interviews, Bruce S. Hall reconstructs an African intellectual history of race that long predated colonial conquest, and which has continued to orient inter-African relations ever since. |
Ibn Battuta - Wikipedia
Ibn Battuta (/ ˌ ɪ b ən b æ t ˈ t uː t ɑː /; 24 February 1304 – 1368/1369), [a] was a Maghrebi traveller, explorer and scholar. [7] Over a period of 30 years from 1325 to 1354, he visited …
Ibn Battuta | Biography, History, Travels, & Map | Britannica
Apr 25, 2025 · Ibn Battuta, medieval Muslim traveler and author of one of the most famous travel books, the Rihlah. His great work describes the people, places, and cultures he encountered in …
IBN Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Ibn definition: son of (used in Arabic personal names).. See examples of IBN used in a sentence.
ابن - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 8, 2025 · اِبْن • (ibn) m (plural أَبْنَاء (ʔabnāʔ) or بَنُون (banūn) or بَنَات (banāt), feminine اِبْنَة (ibna) or بِنْت (bint)) son بُنَيَّ / بُنَيَّتِي ― bunayya/bunayyatī ― my dear son/daughter ( diminutive )
Ibn Battuta - Ages of Exploration - Mariners' Museum and Park
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta, better known by his surname Ibn Battuta, was a great Medieval traveler and explorer. He is often compared to Marco Polo, who died a year before …
Ibn - Islamic Boy Name Meaning and Pronunciation - Ask Oracle
Ibn is a Islamic Boy Name pronounced as IB-n and means son of. The name Ibn originates from Arabic language and culture.
Bin vs. Ibn — What’s the Difference?
Mar 22, 2024 · Bin denotes lineage or sonship in Arabic names, while Ibn directly translates to "son of."
Understanding 'Ibn': The Patronymic Connector in Islamic Culture
Oct 4, 2023 · Explore the term 'Ibn,' its etymology, cultural significance, and role in patronymics within Arabic and Islamic traditions. Learn about its historical roots and variations across …
Ibn - Meaning of Ibn, What does Ibn mean? - BabyNamesPedia
The meaning of Ibn is son of. See also the related categories, son (heir) and arabic. Ibn is uncommon as a baby boy name. It is not listed within the top 1000. Baby names that sound like …
Ibn Arabi - Wikipedia
Ibn Arabi [a] (July 1165–November 1240) was an Andalusian Sunni scholar, Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher who was extremely influential within Islamic thought. Out of the 850 works …
Ibn Battuta - Wikipedia
Ibn Battuta (/ ˌ ɪ b ən b æ t ˈ t uː t ɑː /; 24 February 1304 – 1368/1369), [a] was a Maghrebi traveller, explorer and scholar. [7] Over a period of 30 years from 1325 to 1354, he visited …
Ibn Battuta | Biography, History, Travels, & Map | Britannica
Apr 25, 2025 · Ibn Battuta, medieval Muslim traveler and author of one of the most famous travel books, the Rihlah. His great work describes the people, places, and cultures he encountered in …
IBN Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Ibn definition: son of (used in Arabic personal names).. See examples of IBN used in a sentence.
ابن - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Apr 8, 2025 · اِبْن • (ibn) m (plural أَبْنَاء (ʔabnāʔ) or بَنُون (banūn) or بَنَات (banāt), feminine اِبْنَة (ibna) or بِنْت (bint)) son بُنَيَّ / بُنَيَّتِي ― bunayya/bunayyatī ― my dear son/daughter ( diminutive )
Ibn Battuta - Ages of Exploration - Mariners' Museum and Park
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta, better known by his surname Ibn Battuta, was a great Medieval traveler and explorer. He is often compared to Marco Polo, who died a year before …
Ibn - Islamic Boy Name Meaning and Pronunciation - Ask Oracle
Ibn is a Islamic Boy Name pronounced as IB-n and means son of. The name Ibn originates from Arabic language and culture.
Bin vs. Ibn — What’s the Difference?
Mar 22, 2024 · Bin denotes lineage or sonship in Arabic names, while Ibn directly translates to "son of."
Understanding 'Ibn': The Patronymic Connector in Islamic Culture
Oct 4, 2023 · Explore the term 'Ibn,' its etymology, cultural significance, and role in patronymics within Arabic and Islamic traditions. Learn about its historical roots and variations across …
Ibn - Meaning of Ibn, What does Ibn mean? - BabyNamesPedia
The meaning of Ibn is son of. See also the related categories, son (heir) and arabic. Ibn is uncommon as a baby boy name. It is not listed within the top 1000. Baby names that sound like …
Ibn Arabi - Wikipedia
Ibn Arabi [a] (July 1165–November 1240) was an Andalusian Sunni scholar, Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher who was extremely influential within Islamic thought. Out of the 850 works …
