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| hajj in arabic writing: The Arabic Script in Africa Meikal Mumin, Kees Versteegh, 2014-01-30 The Arabic script in Africa contains sixteen papers on the past and present use of Arabic script to write African languages. These writing traditions, which are sometimes collectively referred to as Ajami, are discussed for single or multiple languages, with examples from all major linguistic phyla of Africa but one (Khoisan), and from all geographic areas of Africa (North, West, Central, East, and South Africa), as well as a paper on the Ajami heritage in the Americas. The papers analyze (ethno-) historical, literary, (socio-) linguistic, and in particular grammatological aspects of these previously understudied writing traditions and exemplify their range and scope, providing new data for the comparative study of writing systems, literacy in Africa, and the history of (Islam in) Africa. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Haj Leon Uris, 1985-05-01 “The narrative is fast paced, bursting with action, and obviously based on an intimate grasp of the region, its peoples, their tradition and age-old ways of life.”—John Barkham Reviews Leon Uris retums to the land of his acclaimed best-seller Exodus for an epic story of hate and love, vengeance and forgiveness and forgiveness. The Middle East is the powerful setting for this sweeping tale of a land where revenge is sacred and hatred noble. Where an Arab ruler tries to save his people from destruction but cannot save them from themselves. When violence spreads like a plague across the lands of Palestine—this is the time of The Haj. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Maqamat-i-Eishan Hazrat Shaikh Yaqoob Sarfi (RA) Khwaja Habibullah Nowshehri (RA), 2021-11-22 The book is English translation of the book written in Persian verse in 1011 AH/1602 AD by a great Sufi Saint of Kashmir Khwaja Habibullah Nowshehri about the stations of his preceptor Hazrat Shaikh Yaqoob Sarfi (RA)- the unparalleled scholar saint of Kashmir. The book describes the aspects of Shaikh Yaqoob's in esoteric and exoteric knowledge and the miraculous events that occured during his travel to Afghanistan, Central Asia, Arabia and Indian subcontinent in 16th century AD. The book was first translated in to Urdu language and now in English for the readers conversant with English language. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Arabic Language and National Identity Yasir Suleiman, 2019-08-07 No detailed description available for The Arabic Language and National Identity. |
| hajj in arabic writing: History of the Arabic Written Tradition Supplement Volume 2 Carl Brockelmann, 2018-01-09 The present English translation reproduces the original German of Carl Brockelmann’s Geschichte der Arabischen Litteratur (GAL) as accurately as possible. In the interest of user-friendliness the following emendations have been made in the translation: Personal names are written out in full, except b. for ibn; Brockelmann’s transliteration of Arabic has been adapted to comply with modern standards for English-language publications; modern English equivalents are given for place names, e.g. Damascus, Cairo, Jerusalem, etc.; several erroneous dates have been corrected, and the page references to the two German editions have been retained in the margin, except in the Supplement volumes, where new references to the first two English volumes have been inserted. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Gateway to Arabic Imran Hamza Alawiye, 2000 Aimed at the beginner who has no prior knowledge of Arabic, this work begins with the first letter of the alphabet, and gradually builds up the learner's skills to a level where he or she would be able to read a passage of vocalised Arabic text. It also includes numerous copying exercises that enable students to develop a clear handwritten style. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Twelfth Protocol John F. Nolan, 2014-09-18 Hurricane Sandy's storm surge destroyed Long Beach City's boardwalk, washing up mutilated corpses of three men, a pregnant woman, two boys and a skeleton. Only three months in command of the Nassau County, New York, Homicide Squad South, Detective Lieutenant Patricia (Patti) McAvoy was challenged with investigating a mass murder. Drug cartels kill like this, she told a detective. Homicide detectives, spearheaded by Patti, dismissed drug dealers when they discovered US agents had been given Carte Blanche to practice eleven protocols, a smorgasbord of enhanced interrogation techniques (EITs). The protocols, authorized by the US Department of Justice, ran the gamut from sleep deprivation, prolonged diapering, cramped confinement, cold cells, and water boarding. Patti noted a resemblance between the protocols and her victims' wounds. Her team drilled down into the weeds and identified a rogue unit, born in the labyrinth of US government agencies, operating on Long Island, torturing suspected terrorists for intelligence to be sold to the highest bidder, either in Washington, Iran, or in Russia. Patti learned the meaning of spy phrases like Black Site, Salt Mine, and Safe House. Homicide detectives uncovered evidence confirming the villains bypassed the eleven protocols restrictions by raising the torture bar. The Twelfth Protocol introduced severing fingers, attaching 'hot' battery jumper cables to genitals, bug infestation and other grotesque tortures, including murder, as a technique to extract intelligence, earning financial rewards from their American and foreign customers. Capitalizing on a mistake made by the killers, Patti uncovered a Salt Mine, interrupted a torture resulting in arrest of the Long Beach murderers. Bombshell photos electrified an apathetic public. An outcry led to a Congressional Investigation. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Literary Modernity Between the Middle East and Europe Kamran Rastegar, 2007-09-12 Providing a broad ranging and unique comparative study of the development of English, Persian and Arabic literature, this book looks at their interrelations with specific reference to modernity, nationalism and social value. It gives a strong theoretical underpinning to the development of Middle Eastern literature in the modern period. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Tales of God’s Friends John Renard, 2009-05-13 The works of Islamic mysticism are a crucial genre of Islamic piety, and the lives of the awliya (friends of God) have been and continue to be a crucial way in which the theoretical insights of Sufism are embodied and communicated to a wider audience. Traditionally, these genres would be deciphered by a living Sufi master. Here John Renard acts as our Sufi guide, transporting us to the marvelous world of Islamic piety.—Omid Safi, Professor of Islamic Studies, University of Northern Carolina |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Interface Between the Written and the Oral Jack Goody, 1987-07-09 The interfacing between oral and literate modes of communication is traced within given societies, between cultures without writers and within the linguistic life of an individual. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Supplement to the Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the British Museum British Museum. Department of Oriental Printed Books and Manuscripts, Charles Rieu, 1894 |
| hajj in arabic writing: An Anglo-Indian Dictionary George Clifford Whitworth, 1885 |
| hajj in arabic writing: Creating Standards Dmitry Bondarev, Alessandro Gori, Lameen Souag, 2019-04-15 Manuscript cultures based on Arabic script feature various tendencies in standardisation of orthography, script types and layout. Unlike previous studies, this book steps outside disciplinary and regional boundaries and provides a typological cross-cultural comparison of standardisation processes in twelve Arabic-influenced writing traditions where different cultures, languages and scripts interact. A wide range of case studies give insights into the factors behind uniformity and variation in Judeo-Arabic in Hebrew script, South Palestinian Christian Arabic, New Persian, Aljamiado of the Spanish Moriscos, Ottoman Turkish, a single multilingual Ottoman manuscript, Sino-Arabic in northwest China, Malay Jawi in the Moluccas, Kanuri and Hausa in Nigeria, Kabyle in Algeria, and Ethiopian Fidäl script as used to transliterate Arabic. One of the findings of this volume is that different domains of manuscript cultures have distinct paths of standardisation, so that orthography tends to develop its own standardisation principles irrespective of norms applied to layout and script types. This book will appeal to readers interested in manuscript studies, sociolinguistics, literacy studies, and history of writing. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Routledge Companion to Travel Writing Carl Thompson, 2015-12-22 As many places around the world confront issues of globalization, migration and postcoloniality, travel writing has become a serious genre of study, reflecting some of the greatest concerns of our time. Encompassing forms as diverse as field journals, investigative reports, guidebooks, memoirs, comic sketches and lyrical reveries; travel writing is now a crucial focus for discussion across many subjects within the humanities and social sciences. An ideal starting point for beginners, but also offering new perspectives for those familiar with the field, The Routledge Companion to Travel Writing examines: Key debates within the field, including postcolonial studies, gender, sexuality and visual culture Historical and cultural contexts, tracing the evolution of travel writing across time and over cultures Different styles, modes and themes of travel writing, from pilgrimage to tourism Imagined geographies, and the relationship between travel writing and the social, ideological and occasionally fictional constructs through which we view the different regions of the world. Covering all of the major topics and debates, this is an essential overview of the field, which will also encourage new and exciting directions for study. Contributors: Simon Bainbridge, Anthony Bale, Shobhana Bhattacharji, Dúnlaith Bird, Elizabeth A. Bohls, Wendy Bracewell, Kylie Cardell, Daniel Carey, Janice Cavell, Simon Cooke, Matthew Day, Kate Douglas, Justin D. Edwards, David Farley, Charles Forsdick, Corinne Fowler, Laura E. Franey, Rune Graulund, Justine Greenwood, James M. Hargett, Jennifer Hayward, Eva Johanna Holmberg, Graham Huggan, William Hutton, Robin Jarvis, Tabish Khair, Zoë Kinsley, Barbara Korte, Julia Kuehn, Scott Laderman, Claire Lindsay, Churnjeet Mahn, Nabil Matar, Steve Mentz, Laura Nenzi, Aedín Ní Loingsigh, Manfred Pfister, Susan L. Roberson, Paul Smethurst, Carl Thompson, C.W. Thompson, Margaret Topping, Richard White, Gregory Woods. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Moslem World , 1917 |
| hajj in arabic writing: Arabic Literature and Social Media Eman Younis, 2024-05-06 This book identifies the key transformations that have occurred in Arabic literature, in form and content, in the era of social media. Younis investigates the wide range of texts and media that constitute Arabic literature in social media, detailing emerging genres and linguistic features. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Showcasing the Role of the Arabic Language along the Silk Roads UNESCO, 2024-12-14 |
| hajj in arabic writing: Arabic Script on Christian Kings Isabelle Dolezalek, 2017-06-12 Isabelle Dolezalek wurde für Ihre Arbeit mit dem 2018 ICMA Annual Book Prize des International Center of Medieval Art ausgezeichnet. Auf zahlreichen mittelalterlichen Objekten finden sich arabische Inschriften. Nur wenige davon wurden jedoch für lateinisch-christliche Auftraggeber produziert. Die normannischen und staufischen Königsgewänder aus Sizilien bilden eine bemerkenswerte Ausnahme. Welche Assoziationen sollte der Gebrauch arabischer Textilinschriften bei den zeitgenössischen Betrachtern im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert hervorrufen? Wie wurden die Inschriften in späteren Zeiten rezipiert? Die transkulturell und interdisziplinär ausgerichtete Studie beleuchtet praktische und politische Entscheidungen, die der Produktion der sizilischen Textilinschriften zugrunde liegen, und lenkt so das Augenmerk auf ein Ornament, das konventionelle kulturelle Grenzen nicht nur überschreitet, sondern grundlegend in Frage stellt. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Companion of Hajj MUFTI IKRAM UL HAQ, 2014 If you need to learn about the fifth pillar of Islam and how it is performed then you must read this book. Companion of Hajj is one the most authentic books authored on the rulings of Hajj. This book provides practical and detailed guidance to the rituals of Hajj and Umrah. Companion of Hajj will be your true companion in your blessed journey of lifetime. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Arabic Literary Culture in Southeast Asia in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries A.C.S. Peacock, 2024-02-06 This groundbreaking work studies the Arabic literary culture of early modern Southeast Asia on the basis of largely unstudied and unknown manuscripts. It offers new perspectives on intellectual interactions between the Middle East and Southeast Asia, the development of Islam and especially Sufism in the region, the relationship between the Arabic and Malay literary traditions, and the manuscript culture of the Indian Ocean world. It brings to light a large number of hitherto unknown texts produced at or for the courts of Southeast Asia, and examines the role of royal patronage in supporting Arabic literary production in Southeast Asia. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature Julie Scott Meisami, Paul Starkey, 1998 This reference work covers the classical, transitional and modern periods. Editors and contributors cover an international scope of Arabic literature in many countries. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Muslim Networks from Hajj to Hip Hop Miriam Cooke, Bruce B. Lawrence, 2005 Crucial to understanding Islam is a recognition of the role of Muslim networks. The earliest networks were Mediterranean trade routes that quickly expanded into transregional paths for pilgrimage, scholarship, and conversion, each network complementing an |
| hajj in arabic writing: History of the Arabic Written Tradition Supplement Volume 3 - i Carl Brockelmann, 2018-07-10 The present English translation reproduces the original German of Carl Brockelmann’s Geschichte der Arabischen Litteratur (GAL) as accurately as possible. In the interest of user-friendliness the following emendations have been made in the translation: Personal names are written out in full, except b. for ibn; Brockelmann’s transliteration of Arabic has been adapted to comply with modern standards for English-language publications; modern English equivalents are given for place names, e.g. Damascus, Cairo, Jerusalem, etc.; several erroneous dates have been corrected, and the page references to the two German editions have been retained in the margin, except in the Supplement volumes, where new references to the first two English volumes have been inserted. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Arabic and Chinese Handwriting Recognition David Doermann, Stefan Jaeger, 2008-03-13 In the fall of 2006, the University of Maryland, along with various government and industrial sponsors, invited leading researchers from all over the world to a two-day Summit on Arabic and Chinese Handwriting Recognition (SACH 2006). The event acted as a complement to the biennial Symposium on Document Image Understanding Technology (SDIUT), providing a focused glimpse into the state of the art in Arabic and Chinese handwriting recognition. It offered a forum for interaction with prominent researchers at the forefront of the scientific community and provided an opportunity for participants to help explore possible directions of the field. This book is a result of the expansion, peer review, and revision of selected papers presented at this meeting. Handwriting recognition remains the Holy Grail of document analysis, and Arabic and Chinese scripts embrace many of the most significant challenges. We are pleased to have 16 scientific papers covering the original topics of handwritten Arabic and Chinese, as well as 2 papers covering other handwritten scripts. We asked each author to not only describe the techniques used in addressing the problem, but to attempt to identify the key research challenges and problems that the community faces. The result is an impressive collection of manuscripts that provide various detailed views of the state of research. In this book, six articles deal directly with Arabic handwriting. • Cheriet provides an overview of the problems of Arabic recognition and how systems can use natural language processing techniques to correct errors in lexicon-based systems. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Encoded Cirebon Mask Laurie Margot Ross, 2016-08-29 In The Encoded Cirebon Mask: Materiality, Flow, and Meaning along Java’s Islamic Northwest Coast, Laurie Margot Ross situates masks and masked dancing in the Cirebon region of Java (Indonesia) as an original expression of Islam. This is a different view from that of many scholars, who argue that canonical prohibitions on fashioning idols and imagery prove that masks are mere relics of indigenous beliefs that Muslim travelers could not eradicate. Making use of archives, oral histories, and the performing objects themselves, Ross traces the mask’s trajectory from a popular entertainment in Cirebon—once a portal of global exchange—to a stimulus for establishing a deeper connection to God in late colonial Java, and eventual links to nationalism in post-independence Indonesia. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Medieval Islamic Republic of Letters Muhsin J. al-Musawi, 2015-04-15 In The Medieval Islamic Republic of Letters: Arabic Knowledge Construction, Muhsin J. al-Musawi offers a groundbreaking study of literary heritage in the medieval and premodern Islamic period. Al-Musawi challenges the paradigm that considers the period from the fall of Baghdad in 1258 to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1919 as an Age of Decay followed by an Awakening (al-nahdah). His sweeping synthesis debunks this view by carefully documenting a republic of letters in the Islamic Near East and South Asia that was vibrant and dynamic, one varying considerably from the generally accepted image of a centuries-long period of intellectual and literary stagnation. Al-Musawi argues that the massive cultural production of the period was not a random enterprise: instead, it arose due to an emerging and growing body of readers across Islamic lands who needed compendiums, lexicons, and commentaries to engage with scholars and writers. Scholars, too, developed their own networks to respond to each other and to their readers. Rather than addressing only the elite, this culture industry supported a common readership that enlarged the creative space and audience for prose and poetry in standard and colloquial Arabic. Works by craftsmen, artisans, and women appeared side by side with those by distinguished scholars and poets. Through careful exploration of these networks, The Medieval Islamic Republic of Letters makes use of relevant theoretical frameworks to situate this culture in the ongoing discussion of non-Islamic and European efforts. Thorough, theoretically rigorous, and nuanced, al-Musawi's book is an original contribution to a range of fields in Arabic and Islamic cultural history of the twelfth to eighteenth centuries. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Proceedings of the Third International Afro-European Conference for Industrial Advancement — AECIA 2016 Ajith Abraham, Abdelkrim Haqiq, Aboul Ella Hassanien, Vaclav Snasel, Adel M. Alimi, 2017-08-15 The Afro-European Conference for Industrial Advancement (AECIA) brought together the foremost experts and excellent young researchers from Africa, Europe and the rest of the world to disseminate the latest results from various fields of engineering, information and communication technologies. This volume gathers the carefully selected papers from the third installment of the AECIA, which was held in Marrakech, Morocco from November 21 to 23, 2016. The papers address important topics like Automation Systems, Intelligent Techniques and Algorithms, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Applications in Engineering, Control, Optimization and Processing, as well as manufacturing-related topics. As such, it offers a valuable reference guide for researchers, students and practitioners in the fields of computer science and engineering. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Persian Album, 1400-1600 David J. Roxburgh, 2005-01-01 This groundbreaking book examines portable art collections assembled in the courts of Greater Iran in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Made for members of the royal families or ruling elites, albums were created to preserve and display art, yet they were conceptualized in different ways. David Roxburgh, a leading expert on Persian albums and the art of the book, discusses this diversity and demonstrates convincingly that to look at the practice of album making is to open a vista to a culture of thought about the Persian art tradition. The book considers the album’s formal and physical properties, assembly, and content, as well as the viewer’s experience. Focusing on seven albums created during the Timurid and Safavid dynasties, Roxburgh reconstructs the history and development of this codex form and uses the works of art to explore notions of how art and aesthetics were conceived in Persian court culture. Generously illustrated with over 175 images, many rare and previously unpublished, the book offers a range of new insights into Persian visual culture as well as Islamic art history. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Understanding Arabic Alaa Elgibali, 1996 Understanding Arabic is an exciting new collection of studies by authors who investigate and outline the practical corollaries of Badawi's theory of Arabic. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Russian-Arab Worlds Eileen M. Kane, Masha Kirasirova, Margaret Litvin, 2023 When the Cold War ended, the long history of Russian and then Soviet engagement with Arab countries was largely forgotten, so the dominant role of Vladimir Putin's Russia in the region appeared to come out of nowhere. The thirty-four expertly introduced primary sources in this book recover a complex history of Russian-Arab ties and illuminate some of its most fascinating aspects: Russian Orthodox missionaries in Palestine, Arab communists traveling to the USSR, and, more surprising, Arabic legal documents written by Russian Muslims, Russian Jewish migrants to Palestine decades before Zionism, and 1940s Armenians repatriated from Arab countries to the USSR. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Exploring Written Artefacts Jörg B. Quenzer, 2021-10-25 This collection, presented to Michael Friedrich in honour of his academic career at of the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures, traces key concepts that scholars associated with the Centre have developed and refined for the systematic study of manuscript cultures. At the same time, the contributions showcase the possibilities of expanding the traditional subject of ‘manuscripts’ to the larger perspective of ‘written artefacts’. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Africa Toyin Falola, Daniel Jean-Jacques, 2015-12-14 These volumes offer a one-stop resource for researching the lives, customs, and cultures of Africa's nations and peoples. Unparalleled in its coverage of contemporary customs in all of Africa, this multivolume set is perfect for both high school and public library shelves. The three-volume encyclopedia will provide readers with an overview of contemporary customs and life in North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa through discussions of key concepts and topics that touch everyday life among the nations' peoples. While this encyclopedia places emphasis on the customs and cultural practices of each state, history, politics, and economics are also addressed. Because entries average 14,000 to 15,000 words each, contributors are able to expound more extensively on each country than in similar encyclopedic works with shorter entries. As a result, readers will gain a more complete understanding of what life is like in Africa's 54 nations and territories, and will be better able to draw cross-cultural comparisons based on their reading. |
| hajj in arabic writing: A City in Fragments Yair Wallach, 2020-06-30 In the mid-nineteenth century, Jerusalem was rich with urban texts inscribed in marble, gold, and cloth, investing holy sites with divine meaning. Ottoman modernization and British colonial rule transformed the city; new texts became a key means to organize society and subjectivity. Stone inscriptions, pilgrims' graffiti, and sacred banners gave way to street markers, shop signs, identity papers, and visiting cards that each sought to define and categorize urban space and people. A City in Fragments tells the modern history of a city overwhelmed by its religious and symbolic significance. Yair Wallach walked the streets of Jerusalem to consider the graffiti, logos, inscriptions, official signs, and ephemera that transformed the city over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As these urban texts became a tool in the service of capitalism, nationalism, and colonialism, the affinities of Arabic and Hebrew were forgotten and these sister-languages found themselves locked in a bitter war. Looking at the writing of—and literally on—Jerusalem, Wallach offers a creative and expansive history of the city, a fresh take on modern urban texts, and a new reading of the Israel/Palestine conflict through its material culture. |
| hajj in arabic writing: History of Makkah , 2002 Mentions the different aspects of Makkah, and records the important historical events that have direct effect on the establishment and sacredness of Makkah as well as its religious weight. This book highlights the sites that are important whenever Makkah is mentioned like the Black Stone and Zamzarn Well. |
| hajj in arabic writing: The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World , 2017-07-31 The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World connects the fascinating field of contemporary written Arabic with the central sociolinguistic notions of language ideology and diglossia. Focusing on Egypt and Morocco, the authors combine large-scale survey data on language attitudes with in-depth analyses of actual language usage and explicit (and implicit) language ideology. They show that writing practices as well as language attitudes in Egypt and Morocco are far more receptive to vernacular forms than has been assumed. The individual chapters cover a wide variety of media, from books and magazines to blogs and Tweets. A central theme running through the contributions is the social and political function of “doing informality” in a changing public sphere steadily more permeated by written Arabic in a number of media. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Yemen Steven C. Caton, 2013-04-09 Yemen is a country that is critical to U.S. security and our political interests, yet most Americans know virtually nothing about it. This book unlocks its secrets and explains its complexities in simple yet compelling language. A nation with a rich civilization that has spanned 3,000 years, Yemen is the only democratic republic in the Arabian Peninsula. While events in modern-day Yemen are often in international news, most Americans know nothing about this country—nor are there easy-to-read, up-to-date resources for lay audiences. This book fills the gap in the literature. It describes Yemen's geography, economy, politics and government, history, culture, society and contemporary events, presenting a comprehensive but accessible overview of the country from many different angles—coverage that is long overdue. Editor Steven C. Caton has taken care to create a resource that is readily comprehensible to non-specialists such as high school and college students and general readers as well as highly informative for those with previous knowledge about Yemen. His thorough treatment provides synthetic overviews of key topics, discusses and dismisses certain misconceptions about Yemen, offers surprising perspectives on the relatively unknown country, and underscores Yemen's importance to the region and the wider world—both in ancient times and today. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Book History Through Postcolonial Eyes Robert Fraser, 2008-08-18 This surprising study draws together the disparate fields of postcolonial theory and book history in a challenging and illuminating way. Fraser illustrates his combined approach with comparative case studies of print, script and speech cultures in South Asia and Africa. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Moon-o-theism, Volume II of II Yoel Natan, 2006 This is volume two of a two-volume study of a war and moon god religion that was based on the Mideast moon god religion of Sin. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Russian Hajj Eileen Kane, 2015-11-02 In the late nineteenth century, as a consequence of imperial conquest and a mobility revolution, Russia became a crossroads of the hajj, the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. The first book in any language on the hajj under tsarist and Soviet rule, Russian Hajj tells the story of how tsarist officials struggled to control and co-opt Russia's mass hajj traffic, seeing it as not only a liability but also an opportunity. To support the hajj as a matter of state surveillance and control was controversial, given the preeminent position of the Orthodox Church. But nor could the hajj be ignored, or banned, due to Russia's policy of toleration of Islam. As a cross-border, migratory phenomenon, the hajj stoked officials' fears of infectious disease, Islamic revolt, and interethnic conflict, but Eileen Kane innovatively argues that it also generated new thinking within the government about the utility of the empire's Muslims and their global networks. |
| hajj in arabic writing: Islamic Arts and Crafts Marcus Milwright, 2017-02-03 Islamic art is justly famed for its technological sophistication, varied approaches to ornament, and innovative employment of the written word. But what do we know about the skilled artisans who spent their lives designing and creating the paintings, objects and buildings that are so admired today? This anthology of written sources (dating from the seventh to the twentieth centuries) explores numerous aspects of the crafts of the Middle East from the processing of raw materials to the manufacture of finished artefacts. You will learn about: the legal and ethical dimensions of the arts and crafts, the organisation of labour in urban and rural contexts, the everyday lives of artisans, the gendered dimensions of making things, and the impact of industrialisation upon traditional methods of manufacture. Each chapter begins with an introduction providing a wider context for the primary sources. There are also suggestions for further reading. |
Hajj - Wikipedia
In Islamic terminology, Hajj is a pilgrimage made to the Kaaba, the "House of Allah ", in the sacred city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, alongside Shahadah (oath …
Hajj | Definition, Importance, & Facts | Britannica
3 days ago · Hajj, annual pilgrimage to Mecca that is mandatory for all Muslims to make at least once in their lives, provided they are physically and financially capable. The hajj is the fifth of …
What and when is Hajj? An illustrated guide, answers to 10 …
May 30, 2025 · The Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and it is the fifth and final pillar of Islam, along with declaration of faith (shahada), five daily prayers, obligatory …
What is the Hajj? What you need to know | AP News - Associated …
This year, the Hajj will start on June 4. When the Hajj falls during the summer months, the intense heat can be especially challenging. Amid extreme high temperatures last year, more than …
What is Hajj? - Annual Islamic Pilgrimage | Islamic Relief UK
Hajj is a sacred pilgrimage that is required of every Muslim at least once in their lifetime – it is one of the five pillars of Islam. Each year, millions of Muslims from across the world travel to and …
What Is Hajj? A Complete Guide to the Islamic Pilgrimage
Jun 4, 2025 · Hajj serves as a bridge throughout the Muslim Ummah, linking generation after generation, in addition to offering direction in terms of what you ought to do. Each individual …
What is the Hajj? What to Know About the ... - The New York Times
Jun 4, 2025 · The hajj takes place once a year during a specific period in the final month of the Islamic calendar. Most pilgrims travel to Saudi Arabia well in advance, using the time to visit …
Hajj Begins With Sweeping New Changes | TIME
Jun 4, 2025 · Hajj travel packages range from $10,000 to $15,000 per person. “ I hope that this is an issue that can be solved,” says Basyouni. “It's one of the pillars of [our] religion. It's very hard.
What is Hajj? Definiton, Meaning, Dates & Facts of the Pilgrimage
Hajj is the fifth of the five pillars of Islam. Find out what the Hajj pilgrimage is, when it takes place and what it means for Muslims.
What is the Muslim hajj pilgrimage? | Reuters
Jun 3, 2025 · Item 1 of 2 Muslim pilgrims gather to pray at Jabal al-Rahmah, also known as Mount Arafat, during the annual hajj pilgrimage, outside the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, June 5, …
Hajj - Wikipedia
In Islamic terminology, Hajj is a pilgrimage made to the Kaaba, the "House of Allah ", in the sacred city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, alongside Shahadah (oath …
Hajj | Definition, Importance, & Facts | Britannica
3 days ago · Hajj, annual pilgrimage to Mecca that is mandatory for all Muslims to make at least once in their lives, provided they are physically and financially capable. The hajj is the fifth of …
What and when is Hajj? An illustrated guide, answers to 10 …
May 30, 2025 · The Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and it is the fifth and final pillar of Islam, along with declaration of faith (shahada), five daily prayers, obligatory …
What is the Hajj? What you need to know | AP News - Associated …
This year, the Hajj will start on June 4. When the Hajj falls during the summer months, the intense heat can be especially challenging. Amid extreme high temperatures last year, more than …
What is Hajj? - Annual Islamic Pilgrimage | Islamic Relief UK
Hajj is a sacred pilgrimage that is required of every Muslim at least once in their lifetime – it is one of the five pillars of Islam. Each year, millions of Muslims from across the world travel to and …
What Is Hajj? A Complete Guide to the Islamic Pilgrimage
Jun 4, 2025 · Hajj serves as a bridge throughout the Muslim Ummah, linking generation after generation, in addition to offering direction in terms of what you ought to do. Each individual …
What is the Hajj? What to Know About the ... - The New York Times
Jun 4, 2025 · The hajj takes place once a year during a specific period in the final month of the Islamic calendar. Most pilgrims travel to Saudi Arabia well in advance, using the time to visit …
Hajj Begins With Sweeping New Changes | TIME
Jun 4, 2025 · Hajj travel packages range from $10,000 to $15,000 per person. “ I hope that this is an issue that can be solved,” says Basyouni. “It's one of the pillars of [our] religion. It's very hard.
What is Hajj? Definiton, Meaning, Dates & Facts of the Pilgrimage
Hajj is the fifth of the five pillars of Islam. Find out what the Hajj pilgrimage is, when it takes place and what it means for Muslims.
What is the Muslim hajj pilgrimage? | Reuters
Jun 3, 2025 · Item 1 of 2 Muslim pilgrims gather to pray at Jabal al-Rahmah, also known as Mount Arafat, during the annual hajj pilgrimage, outside the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, June 5, …
