Gortemaker

  görtemaker: Eva Braun Heike B. Gortemaker, 2012-12-11 From one of Germany’s leading young historians, the first comprehensive biography of Eva Braun, Hitler’s devoted mistress, finally wife, and the hidden First Lady of the Third Reich. In this groundbreaking biography of Eva Braun, German historian Heike Görtemaker reveals Hitler’s mistress as more than just a vapid blonde whose concerns never extended beyond her vanity table. Twenty-three years his junior, Braun first met Hitler when she took a position as an assistant to his personal photographer. Capricious, but uncompromising and fiercely loyal—she married Hitler two days before committing suicide with him in Berlin in 1945—her identity was kept secret by the Third Reich until the final days of the war. Through exhaustive research, newly discovered documentation, and anecdotal accounts, Görtemaker turns preconceptions about Eva Braun and Hitler on their head, and builds a portrait of the little-known Hitler far from the public eye.
  görtemaker: Nazis at the Watercooler Terrence Petty, 2024-11 After World War II, when a new German democracy was born in the western region of the vanquished Third Reich, tens of thousands of civil servants were hired to work for newly formed government agencies to get the new republic quickly on its feet. But there was an enormous flaw in the plan: no serious vetting system was put in place to keep war criminals out of government positions. Ex-Nazis—people who had been involved in mass murder, drafting antisemitic laws, and the persecution of Hitler’s opponents, as well as other depravities—resumed their careers without consequence in the newly created Federal Republic of Germany. Former Nazis who had established an early foothold in postwar government agencies helped each other get government work by writing letters of recommendation called Persilscheine. These “Persil Certificates,” named after a popular detergent, made an ex-Nazi’s recorded past just as clean as fresh laundry, and a whole generation of German government officials with Nazi pasts was never brought to account. Ex-Nazis were given preference for government jobs even over victims of Nazi policies and anti-Hitler resisters. They swapped Nazi uniforms for suits, Hitler salutes for handshakes. And with help from the highest levels of West German government and even the CIA, they swept their crimes under the carpet and resurrected their careers. Nazis at the Watercooler illuminates the network of ex–Third Reich loyalists and the U.S. government’s complicity that enabled this mass impunity.
  görtemaker: Perpetrators of Mass Atrocities Alette Smeulers, 2023-12-22 The 9/11 attacks, as well as the ones in Madrid, London, Paris and Brussels; the genocides in Nazi Germany, Rwanda and Cambodia; the torture in dictatorial regimes; the wars in former Yugoslavia, Syria and Iraq and currently in Ukraine; the sexual violence during periods of conflict, all make us wonder: why would anyone do something like that? Who are these people? Drawing on 30 years of research, in this book Alette Smeulers explores the perpetrators of mass atrocities such as war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and terrorism. Examining questions of why people kill and torture and how mass atrocities can be explained, Smeulers presents a typology of perpetrators, with different ranks, roles and motives. Devoting one chapter to each type of perpetrator, the book combines insights from academic research with illustrative case studies of well-known perpetrators, from dictators to middlemen, to lower ranking officials and terrorists. Their stories are explored in depth as the book examines their behaviour and motivation. Perpetrators of Mass Atrocities thus provides a comprehensive understanding of the causes of extreme mass violence. Such knowledge not only can help the international criminal justice system to be able to attribute blame in a fairer way but can also assist in preventing such atrocities being committed on the current scale. Perpetrators of Mass Atrocities is essential reading for all those interested in war crimes, genocide, terrorism and mass violence
  görtemaker: Dealing with Totalitarian Regimes and Human Rights Max-Emanuel Geis, Adam Bosiacki, Christoph Safferling, 2024-06-29 This book delves into the intertwined narratives of Poland and Germany's post-war experiences, shedding light on their shared trauma from World War II and subsequent confrontations with communism. Authored by scholars from Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Warsaw and Law School of Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, it opens a critical dialogue about the nations' efforts to recover from war, dictatorship, and human rights abuses. From constitutional law to criminal justice, the chapters explore diverse facets of their shared history, offering fresh insights and reflections. This collaborative effort culminates in a comprehensive analysis of post-war politics and legal frameworks, providing valuable perspectives on transitional justice and human rights protection. Through meticulous research and interdisciplinary discourse, the book aims to deepen Polish-German friendship, foster academic cooperation, and honor the memory of past generations while envisioning a future rooted in the rule of law, human rights, and peace for both nations and Europe as a whole. Through insightful contributions and meticulous research, it navigates complex legal and political landscapes, providing valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in navigating the legacies of war, dictatorship, and human rights abuses. It reflects on the profound implications of historical events, such as the Treaty of Versailles and the Nuremberg Trials, on legal and political landscapes. Through detailed examinations of institutional transformations and legal frameworks, it highlights the challenges of confronting past injustices and shaping future trajectories.
  görtemaker: No Country for Migrants? Critical Perspectives on Asylum, Immigration, and Integration in Germany Wilfried Zoungrana, 2019-10-14 No Country for Migrants? Critical Perspectives on Asylum, Immigration, and Integration in Germany aims to critically contribute to ongoing debates about immigration, integration, and xenophobia in Germany. Set against the backdrop of Germany’s controversial political decision to open its borders to refugees in 2015, the book realigns this watershed with the broader historical narratives of migration to explain its exceptionality both as an event and transformative force on the migration/integration discourse. The book further uses critical theories to make sense of the shifting socio-political coordinates of Germany. It addresses the history of Germany’s migration policies, its soft and hard power in migration control, language and societal integration, immigration and the revival of right-wing extremism, as well as religion and immigration.
  görtemaker: Democracy's Guardians Justin Collings, 2015-09-17 In its six-decade history, the German Federal Constitutional Court has become one of the most powerful and influential constitutional tribunals in the world. It has played a central role in the establishment of liberalism, democracy, and the rule of law in post-war West Germany, and it has been a model for constitutional tribunals in many other nations. The Court stands virtually unchallenged as the most trusted institution of the German state. Written as a complete history of the German Federal Constitutional Court from its founding in 1951 up into the twenty-first century, this book explores how the court became so powerful, and why so few can resist its strength. Founded in 1951, the Court took root in a pre-democratic political culture. The Court's earliest contributions were to help establish liberal values and fundamental rights protection in the young Federal Republic. The early Court also helped democratize West German politics by reinforcing rights of speech and information, affirming the legitimacy of parliamentary opposition, and checking executive power. In time, as democratic values took hold in the country at large, the Court's early role in nurturing liberalism and democracy led many West Germans to view the Court not as a constraint on democracy, but as a bulwark of democracy's preconditions. In later decades, the Court played a stabilizing role - mediating political conflicts and integrating societal forces. Citizens disenchanted with partisan politics looked to the Court as a guardian of enduring values and a source of moral legitimacy. Through a comprehensive narrative of the Court's remarkable rise and careful analysis of its periodic crises, the work carefully dissects the success of the Court, presenting not only a traditional work of legal history, but a public history - both political and societal - as well as a doctrinal and jurisprudential account. Structured around the Court's major decisions from 1951 to 2001, the book examines popular and political reactions to those decisions, drawing heavily on newspaper accounts of major judgments and material from the archives of individual politicians and judges. The result is an impressive case study of the global phenomenon of constitutional justice.
  görtemaker: Personal Names, Hitler, and the Holocaust I. M. Nick, 2019-05-13 During the Third Reich, in the name of national security, the Nazis introduced legislation to quickly and easily mark residents with Jewish heritage to expedite their isolation, deportation, and final extermination. Then as now, the tool used for this lethal demarcation was as innocuous as it was ubiquitous: personal names.
  görtemaker: Hitler: Ascent Volker Ullrich, 2017-10-24 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • This landmark biography of Hitler puts an emphasis on the man himself: his personality, his temperament, and his beliefs. “[A] fascinating Shakespearean parable about how the confluence of circumstance, chance, a ruthless individual and the willful blindness of others can transform a country — and, in Hitler’s case, lead to an unimaginable nightmare for the world.” —Michiko Kakutani, The New York Times Volker Ullrich's Hitler, the first in a two-volume biography, has changed the way scholars and laypeople alike understand the man who has become the personification of evil. Drawing on previously unseen papers and new scholarly research, Ullrich charts Hitler's life from his childhood through his experiences in the First World War and his subsequent rise as a far-right leader. Focusing on the personality behind the policies, Ullrich creates a vivid portrait of a man and his megalomania, political skill, and horrifying worldview. Hitler is an essential historical biography with unsettling resonance in contemporary times.
  görtemaker: Ludwig Erhard Alfred C. Mierzejewski, 2005-12-15 In the first English-language biography of one of the most important figures in postwar German history, Alfred C. Mierzejewski examines the life and service of Ludwig Erhard (1897-1977), West Germany's first minister of economics and second chancellor. Erhard liberalized the German economy in 1948 and is generally considered the father of West Germany's economic miracle--the period of extraordinary growth in jobs and improvement in the standard of living in the 1950s that helped stabilize Germany's first successful democracy. While recent scholarship has dismissed Erhard's influence on Germany's economic recovery, Mierzejewski returns to little-cited German analyses and Erhard's own record and concludes that Allied currency reform and Erhard's liberalization of the economy were crucial triggers for Germany's unprecedented economic boom. Mierzejewski provides insight into Erhard's policies, his ideas, his character, and his relationships with Konrad Adenauer and Charles de Gaulle. By offering a fresh account of Erhard's career as a leader in postwar West Germany, Mierzejewski provides a deeper understanding of Germany's economy as well as its democracy.
  görtemaker: The Global 1970s Duco Hellema, 2018-09-03 No other decade evokes such contradictory images as the 1970s: reform and emancipation on the one hand, crisis and malaise on the other. In The Global 1970s: Radicalism, Reform, and Crisis, Duco Hellema portrays the 1970s as a period of global transition. Across the world, the early and mid-1970s were still years of political mobilization with everything seemingly an object of public controversy and conflict, including economic development, education, and family matters. Social movements called for the reduction of social inequalities, for participation, and the emancipation of various groups at the same time as the rise of ambitious and reform-oriented governments. Ten years later, a different world was emerging with the call for state-controlled social and economic changes in decline and new economic policies centred on liberation and deregulation taking their place. This book examines a range of explanations for this radical transformation, highlighting how economic problems, such as the oil crisis, political battles and dramatic confrontations resulted in a free-market-oriented conservatism by the end of the period. Divided into nine broadly chronological chapters and taking a global approach that allows the reader to see the familiar themes of the decade examined on an international scale, The Global 1970s is essential reading for all students and scholars of twentieth-century global history.
  görtemaker: The Golm Campus of the University of Potsdam Kayser, Leonie, 2019-09-17 West of Potsdam’s city center lies the Golm Campus, the largest campus of the University of Potsdam. Its different buildings tell of the numerous institutions that were established at this site over the years: From the mid-1930s, the Walther Wever Barracks were located here. From 1943, it housed the Air Intelligence Division of the German Airforce Supreme Commander. In 1951, a training institution of the Ministry of State Security moved in, which existed until 1989 under different names. In July 1991, the newly founded University of Potsdam took over the premises, which are now part of the Potsdam-Golm Science Park. The book takes you on a historic journey of the place and invites you to take a walk across today’s campus. The book includes over 110 photos and a detailed map.
  görtemaker: Stalin and the Cold War in Europe Gerhard Wettig, 2008 This intriguing book, based on recently accessible Soviet primary sources, is the first to explain the emergence of the Cold War and its development in Stalin's lifetime from the perspective of Soviet policy-making. It pays particular attention to the often-neglected societal dimension of Soviet foreign policy as a crucial element of the genesis and development of the Cold War. Gerhard Wettig provides readers with new insights into Stalin's willingness to initiate crisis with the West while still avoiding military conflict.
  görtemaker: Breakout at Stalingrad Heinrich Gerlach, 2018-01-11 'One of the greatest novels of the Second World War' The Times 'A remarkable find' Antony Beevor 'A masterpiece' Mail on Sunday Stalingrad, November 1942. Lieutenant Breuer dreams of returning home for Christmas. But he and his fellow German soldiers will spend winter in a frozen hell – as snow, ice and relentless Soviet assaults reduce the once-mighty Sixth Army to a diseased and starving rabble. Breakout at Stalingrad is a stark and terrifying portrait of the horrors of war, and a profoundly humane depiction of comradeship in adversity. The book itself has an extraordinary story behind it. Its author fought at Stalingrad and was imprisoned by the Soviets. In captivity, he wrote a novel based on his experiences, which the Soviets confiscated before releasing him. Gerlach resorted to hypnosis to remember his narrative, and in 1957 it was published as The Forsaken Army. Fifty-five years later Carsten Gansel, an academic, came across the original manuscript of Gerlach's novel in a Moscow archive. This first translation into English of Breakout at Stalingrad includes the story of Gansel's sensational discovery.
  görtemaker: The Global Chancellor Kristina Spohr, 2016 Helmut Schmidt is the neglected chancellor of modern German history, overshadowed by 'the greats' - Bismarck, Adenauer, Brandt and Kohl. This volume retrieves Schmidt's true significance as a pivotal figure who helped reshape the global order during the crisis-ridden 1970s. This major reinterpretation, based on detailed research in Schmidt's private papers and numerous archives in Europe and America, reveals him as a leader equally skilled in economics and security, and adept at personal diplomacy, who dared to act as a 'double interpreter' between the superpowers during the nadir of the Cold War. Schmidt was no mere 'crisis-manager': in fact he brought to the chancellorship a depth of reflection, evident in two decades of writings and speeches that justifies considering him an intellectual statesman on a par with Henry Kissinger. His achievements were prodigious. Hailed as the 'world economist', Schmidt helped create the G7 forum for global economic governance and the European Monetary System at a time when capitalism seemed on the rocks. And as the 'strategist of balance', he designed NATO's 'dual-track' response to the crisis caused by the massive Soviet arms buildup of Euro-missiles. This decision, Kristina Spohr argues, played a crucial part in holding together the Western alliance and paved the way to defusing the Cold War in Europe. Schmidt brought his country to the top table of world politics - what he unashamedly called Weltpolitik - as an equal of the wartime victor powers. It was through his Chancellorship that West Germany came of age on the global stage.
  görtemaker: The Cold War and After Marc Trachtenberg, 2012-03-12 A new way of looking at international relations from a leading expert in the field What makes for war or for a stable international system? Are there general principles that should govern foreign policy? In The Cold War and After, Marc Trachtenberg, a leading historian of international relations, explores how historical work can throw light on these questions. The essays in this book deal with specific problems—with such matters as nuclear strategy and U.S.-European relations. But Trachtenberg's main goal is to show how in practice a certain type of scholarly work can be done. He demonstrates how, in studying international politics, the conceptual and empirical sides of the analysis can be made to connect with each other, and how historical, theoretical, and even policy issues can be tied together in an intellectually respectable way. These essays address a wide variety of topics, from theoretical and policy issues, such as the question of preventive war and the problem of international order, to more historical subjects—for example, American policy on Eastern Europe in 1945 and Franco-American relations during the Nixon-Pompidou period. But in each case the aim is to show how a theoretical perspective can be brought to bear on the analysis of historical issues, and how historical analysis can shed light on basic conceptual problems.
  görtemaker: A History of Twentieth-Century Germany Ulrich Herbert, 2019-08-15 Germany in the 20th century endured two world wars, a failed democracy, Hitler's dictatorship, the Holocaust, and a country divided for 40 years after World War II. But it has also boasted a strong welfare state, affluence, liberalization and globalization, a successful democracy, and the longest period of peace in European history. A History of Twentieth-Century Germany provides a survey of German history during a century of extremes. Ulrich Herbert sees German history in the 20th century as determined by two contradictory perspectives. On one hand, there are the world wars and great catastrophes that divide the country's history into two parts-before and after 1945. Germany is the birthplace of radical ideologies of the left and right and the only country in which each ideology became the foundation of government. This pattern left its stamp on both the first and second halves of the century. On the other hand, the rise of modern industrial society led to decades of conflict over the social and political order regardless of which political system was in force. Considering these contradictory developments, Herbert tackles the questions of both the collapse in the first half of the century and the development from a post-fascist, ruined society to one of the most stable liberal democracies in the world in the latter half. Herbert's analysis brings together wars and terror, utopia and politics, capitalism and the welfare state, socialism and liberal democratic society, gender and generations, culture and lifestyles, European integration and globalization. The resulting book sets a standard by which historians of the period will be measured in the future.
  görtemaker: The Third Reich in History and Memory Richard J. Evans, 2015-02-20 In the seventy years since the demise of the Third Reich, there has been a significant transformation in the ways in which the modern world understands Nazism. In this brilliant and eye-opening collection, Richard J. Evans, the acclaimed author of the Third Reich trilogy, offers a critical commentary on that transformation, exploring how major changes in perspective have informed research and writing on the Third Reich in recent years. Drawing on his most notable writings from the last two decades, Evans reveals the shifting perspectives on Nazism's rise to political power, its economic intricacies, and its subterranean extension into postwar Germany. Evans considers how the Third Reich is increasingly viewed in a broader international context, as part of the age of imperialism; discusses the growing emphasis on the larger economic and cultural circumstances of the era; and emphasizes the development of research into Nazi society, particularly in the understanding of Nazi Germany as a political system based on popular approval and consent. Exploring the complex relationship between memory and history, Evans also points out the places where the growing need to confront the misdeeds of Nazism and expose the complicity of those who participated has led to crude and sweeping condemnation, when instead historians should be making careful distinctions. Written with Evans' sharp-eyed insight and characteristically compelling style, these essays offer a summation of the collective cultural memory of Nazism in the present, and suggest the degree to which memory must be subjected to the close scrutiny of history.
  görtemaker: Hitler Peter Longerich, 2019 From the authoritative biographer of Joseph Goebbels and Heinrich Himmler, a culminating work on the commanding figure of the Third Reich
  görtemaker: European Dictatorships Gerhard Besier, Katarzyna Stokłosa, 2014-01-03 How could it happen that continental Europe became a “Europe of the Dictatorships“ in the twentieth century? It requires some effort to understand such processes. It is insufficient to observe merely the dictatorships and their mechanisms, one must also incorporate the seemingly harmless history leading up to that time and, above all, the transitions that took place. The book begins with a description of the historical situation after the First World War. Europe’s brutalization through colonial wars and inter-European conflicts, carried out using means of mass extermination, led to fractures in civilized cultures. What follows in the second section is another state-by-state organized design of the transition from countries that were fascist (and countries that were made fascist) into communist states established in accordance with the Soviet model. The third part of the book is devoted to the history of the “Eastern Bloc” states from 1953 to 2013.
  görtemaker: The Foundations of Ostpolitik Julia von Dannenberg, 2008-01-10 An analysis of the processes by which the West German government negotiated the Moscow Treaty with the Soviet Union in 1970 - the foundation of West German Ostpolitik.
  görtemaker: Writing and Rewriting the Reich Deborah Barton, 2022-12-21 Writing and Rewriting the Reich tells the complex story of women journalists as both outsiders and insiders in the German press of the National Socialist and post-war years. From 1933 onward, Nazi press authorities valued female journalists as a means to influence the public through charm and subtlety rather than intimidation or militant language. Deborah Barton reveals that despite the deep sexism inherent in the Nazi press, some women were able to capitalize on the gaps between gender rhetoric and reality to establish prominent careers in both soft and hard news. Based on data collected on over 1,500 women journalists, Writing and Rewriting the Reich describes the professional opportunities open to women during the Nazi era, their gendered contribution to Nazi press and propaganda goals, and the ways in which their Third Reich experiences proved useful in post-war divided Germany. It draws on a range of sources including editorial proceedings, press association membership records, personal correspondence, newspapers, diaries, and memoirs. It also sheds light on both unknown journalists and famous figures including Margret Boveri, Ruth Andreas-Friedrich, and Ursula von Kardorff. Addressing the long-term influence of women journalists, Writing and Rewriting the Reich illuminates some of the most salient issues in the nature of Nazi propaganda, the depiction of wartime violence, and historical memory.
  görtemaker: The Fall of the Berlin Wall Jeffrey A. Engel, 2011-10 More than two decades after the Wall's collapse, this book brings together leading authorities who offer a fresh look at how leaders in four vital centers of world politics--the United States, the Soviet Union, Europe, and China--viewed the world in the aftermath of this momentous event. Jeffrey Engel contributes a chronological narrative of this tumultuous period, followed by substantive essays by Melvyn Leffler on the United States, Chen Jian on China, James Sheehan on Germany and Europe, and William Taubman and Svetlana Savranskaya on the Soviet Union.
  görtemaker: Hitler Volker Ullrich, 2016 Originally published: Germany: S. Fischer Verlag.
  görtemaker: Whether to Kill Stephanie Dornschneider, 2016 Whether to Kill takes a new approach to understanding terrorism. By taking first-person accounts of those involved in both violent and nonviolent action against the state, then analyzing that data via cognitive mapping, Stephanie Dornschneider has opened up new perspectives of what drives people to—or away from—the use of political violence.
  görtemaker: The Fourth Reich Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, 2019-03-14 The first history of postwar fears of a Nazi return to power in Western political, intellectual, and cultural life.
  görtemaker: Comparative Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Omnibus Legislation Ittai Bar-Siman-Tov, 2021-05-27 This book is the first in the world to provide a cross-national, comparative exploration of omnibus legislation. It contributes to the global debate over omnibus legislation and offers comprehensive, thorough and multifaceted coverage that concerns the fields of legislation and legisprudence, comparative law, political science, public policy and economics. Beyond its relevance for these fields, the book will support practitioners in parliaments, governments and courts, thereby impacting the actual use of omnibus legislation. A new, major and controversial reform is enacted in the middle of the night. It is buried in a massive omnibus bill hundreds of pages in length, which is rammed through the legislative process at breakneck speed. The legislators receive the final version of the bill in the very last minute, and protest that they’ve had no opportunity to read it in detail and know what they’re voting upon. The majority party’s legislative leaders, however, are unimpressed, and the law is eventually passed on the basis of strict party discipline. Though it may sound far-fetched, this scenario is all too familiar in many legislatures around the world. The legislative practice of combining numerous unrelated measures in one long bill, which is often passed via a highly expedited process, has become a matter of intense debate and criticism in many countries.
  görtemaker: The Concept of Neutrality in Stalin's Foreign Policy, 1945–1953 Peter Ruggenthaler, 2015-07-02 Drawing on recently declassified Soviet archival sources, this book sheds new light on how the division of Europe came about in the aftermath of World War II. The book contravenes the notion that a neutral zone of states, including Germany, could have been set up between East and West. The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin was determined to preserve control over its own sphere of German territory. By tracing Stalin's attitude toward neutrality in international politics, the book provides important insights into the origins of the Cold War.
  görtemaker: Cold Wars Lorenz M. Lüthi, 2020-03-19 A new interpretation of the Cold War from the perspective of the smaller and middle powers in Asia, the Middle East and Europe.
  görtemaker: Journalists Between Hitler and Adenauer Volker R. Berghahn, 2019 The moral and political role of German journalists before, during, and after the Nazi dictatorship Journalists between Hitler and Adenauer takes an in-depth look at German journalism from the late Weimar period through the postwar decades. Illuminating the roles played by journalists in the media metropolis of Hamburg, Volker Berghahn focuses on the lives and work of three remarkable individuals: Marion Countess Dönhoff, distinguished editor of Die Zeit; Paul Sethe, “the grand old man of West German journalism”; and Hans Zehrer, editor in chief of Die Welt. All born before 1914, Dönhoff, Sethe, and Zehrer witnessed the Weimar Republic’s end and opposed Hitler. When the latter seized power in 1933, they were, like their fellow Germans, confronted with the difficult choice of entering exile, becoming part of the active resistance, or joining the Nazi Party. Instead, they followed a fourth path—“inner emigration”—psychologically distancing themselves from the regime, their writing falling into a gray zone between grudging collaboration and active resistance. During the war, Dönhoff and Sethe had links to the 1944 conspiracy to kill Hitler, while Zehrer remained out of sight on a North Sea island. In the decades after 1945, all three became major figures in the West German media. Berghahn considers how these journalists and those who chose inner emigration interpreted Germany’s horrific past and how they helped to morally and politically shape the reconstruction of the country. With fresh archival materials, Journalists between Hitler and Adenauer sheds essential light on the influential position of the German media in the mid-twentieth century and raises questions about modern journalism that remain topical today.
  görtemaker: The Mind in Exile Stanley Corngold, 2024-11-19 A unique look at Thomas Mann’s intellectual and political transformation during the crucial years of his exile in the United States In September 1938, Thomas Mann, the Nobel Prize–winning author of Death in Venice and The Magic Mountain, fled Nazi Germany for the United States. Heralded as “the greatest living man of letters,” Mann settled in Princeton, New Jersey, where, for nearly three years, he was stunningly productive as a novelist, university lecturer, and public intellectual. In The Mind in Exile, Stanley Corngold portrays in vivid detail this crucial station in Mann’s journey from arch-European conservative to liberal conservative to ardent social democrat. On the knife-edge of an exile that would last fully fourteen years, Mann declared, “Where I am, there is Germany. I carry my German culture in me.” At Princeton, Mann nourished an authentic German culture that he furiously observed was “going to the dogs” under Hitler. Here, he wrote great chunks of his brilliant novel Lotte in Weimar (The Beloved Returns); the witty novella The Transposed Heads; and the first chapters of Joseph the Provider, which contain intimations of his beloved President Roosevelt’s economic policies. Each of Mann’s university lectures—on Goethe, Freud, Wagner—attracted nearly 1,000 auditors, among them the baseball catcher, linguist, and O.S.S. spy Moe Berg. Meanwhile, Mann had the determination to travel throughout the United States, where he delivered countless speeches in defense of democratic values. In Princeton, Mann exercised his “stupendous capacity for work” in a circle of friends, all highly accomplished exiles, including Hermann Broch, Albert Einstein, and Erich Kahler. The Mind in Exile portrays this luminous constellation of intellectuals at an extraordinary time and place.
  görtemaker: Hitler's People Richard J Evans, 2024-08-13 “A fascinating and instructive book . . . elegantly written and perceptive.” —Wall Street Journal “Kaleidoscopic . . . A fascinating exploration of individual agency that never loses sight of the larger context . . . Just the kind of probing, nuanced and unsparing study to help us think things through.” —The New York Times Through a connected set of biographical portraits of key Nazi figures that follows power as it radiated out from Hitler to the inner and outer circles of the regime’s leadership, one of our greatest historians answers the enduring question, how does a society come to carry out a program of unspeakable evil? Richard Evans, author of the acclaimed The Third Reich Trilogy and over two dozen other volumes on modern Europe, is our preeminent scholar of Nazi Germany. Having spent half a century searching for the truths behind one of the most horrifying episodes in human history, in Hitler’s People, he brings us back to the original site of the Nazi movement: namely, the lives of its most important members. Working in concentric circles out from Hitler and his closest allies, Evans forms a typological framework of Germany society under Nazi rule from the top down. With a novelist’s eye for detail, Evans explains the Third Reich through the personal failings and professional ambitions of its members, from its most notorious deputies—like Goebbels, the regime’s propagandist, and Himmler, the Holocaust’s chief architect—to the crucial enforcers and instruments of the Nazi agenda that history has largely forgotten—like the schoolteacher Julius Streicher and the actress Leni Riefenstahl. Drawing on a wealth of recently unearthed historical sources, Hitler’s People lays bare the inner and outer lives of the characters whose choices led to the deaths of millions. Nearly a century after Hitler’s rise, the leading nations of the West are once again being torn apart by a will to power. By telling the stories of these infamous lives as human lives, Evans asks us to grapple with the complicated nature of complicity, showing us that the distinctions between individual and collective responsibility—and even between pathological evil and rational choice—are never easily drawn.
  görtemaker: The Crisis of Socialist Modernity Marie-Janine Calic, Dietmar Neutatz, Julia Obertreis, 2011-09-14 In the 1970s industry in the West had reached its limits, precipitating a major discussion about how to solve the crisis. But what was going on in Eastern Europe parallel to this development? Were any similar trends being registered? The authors of this volume pursue the answers to these questions by studying the politics, economics, social and cultural movements of that time in the multiethnic countries of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. It becomes clear that these two countries were themselves in the midst of a latent crisis resulting from the global developments around them and from their own internal conflicts. The symptoms of this crisis were well known in expert circles, but not registered fully by either the political leaders or the citizens at large.
  görtemaker: After the Nazis Michael H. Kater, 2023-09-26 A wide-ranging, insightful history of culture in West Germany—from literature, film, and music to theater and the visual arts After World War II a mood of despair and impotence pervaded the arts in West Germany. The culture and institutions of the Third Reich were abruptly dismissed, yet there was no immediate return to the Weimar period’s progressive ideals. In this moment of cultural stasis, how could West Germany’s artists free themselves from their experiences of Nazism? Moving from 1945 to reunification, Michael H. Kater explores West German culture as it emerged from the darkness of the Third Reich. Examining periods of denial and complacency as well as attempts to reckon with the past, he shows how all postwar culture was touched by the vestiges of National Socialism. From the literature of Günter Grass to the happenings of Joseph Beuys and Karlheinz Stockhausen’s innovations in electronic music, Kater shows how it was only through the reinvigoration of the cultural scene that West Germany could contend with its past—and eventually allow democracy to reemerge.
  görtemaker: Zweite Karrieren Hans-Ulrich Thamer, 2024-12-11 Die meisten Juristen, Wissenschaftler, Unternehmer, Publizisten, Ärzte und Offiziere, die bis 1945 dem Naziregime treu ergeben waren, konnten in der Nachkriegszeit ihre Karrieren fortsetzen. Immer wieder entfachten Skandale um ehemalige NS-Funktionäre in wichtigen Positionen die Debatte um das braune Erbe in Wirtschaft, Politik und Kultur. Der Historiker Hans-Ulrich Thamer legt erstmals eine vergleichende Überblicksdarstellung vor und beschreibt die Strategien und Netzwerke, mit deren Hilfe weite Teile der NS-Elite in der Bundesrepublik und in der DDR ihren Platz behaupten konnten.
  görtemaker: Die Frauen der Diktatoren Sveinung Mikkelsen, 2018-06-09 »Hinter jedem erfolgreichen Mann steht eine starke Frau.« Aber was für Frauen stehen hinter Männern, die Massenmorde, Unterdrückung und Gewalt zu verantworten haben? Wer sind sie, die Frauen der Diktatoren? Kindergebärende Ehefrauen, erotische Gespielinnen oder schmückendes Beiwerk? Die Bandbreite von Beziehungen, die Diktatoren zu ihren Frauen pflegen, ist groß: Da ist die politische Unterstützerin Jiang Qing an Mao Zedongs Seite, die als inzestuös bewertete Nähe Caligulas zu seinen drei Schwestern, die komplizierte Dreiecksbeziehung Lenins, die für Nachfolger sorgende Ehefrau Asma al-Assad sowie Eva Braun, die die Nazi-Ideologie perfekt verkörperte. Oder die zum Sex mit Muammar Gaddafi versklavte »Soraya« und die bis in den Tod treu ergebene Geliebte Mussolinis. Sveinung Mikkelsen widmet sich erstmals einer Facette der Historie, die in der Geschichtsschreibung oftmals gar nicht erst auftaucht: den Frauen an der Seite von Despoten und Tyrannen. Er blickt hinter die Kulissen des öffentlichen Bildes und findet dort alles, von grausamen Wahrheiten bis hin zu echter Zuneigung.
  görtemaker: 1932 David Pietrusza, 2015-10-20 Two Depression-battered nations confronted destiny in 1932, going to the polls in their own way to anoint new leaders, to rescue their people from starvation and hopelessness. America would elect a Congress and a president—ebullient aristocrat Franklin Roosevelt or tarnished “Wonder Boy” Herbert Hoover. Decadent, divided Weimar Germany faced two rounds of bloody Reichstag elections and two presidential contests—doddering reactionary Paul von Hindenburg against rising radical hate-monger Adolf Hitler. The outcome seemed foreordained—unstoppable forces advancing upon crumbled, disoriented societies. A merciless Great Depression brought greater—perhaps hopeful, perhaps deadly—transformation: FDR’s New Deal and Hitler’s Third Reich. But neither outcome was inevitable. Readers enter the fray through David Pietrusza’s page-turning account: Roosevelt’s fellow Democrats may yet halt him at a deadlocked convention. 1928’s Democratic nominee, Al Smith, harbors a grudge against his one-time protege. Press baron William Randolph Hearst lays his own plans to block Roosevelt’s ascent to the White House. FDR’s politically-inspired juggling of a New York City scandal threatens his juggernaut. In Germany, the Nazis surge at the polls but twice fall short of Reichstag majorities. Hitler, tasting power after a lifetime of failure and obscurity, falls to Hindenburg for the presidency—also twice within the year. Cabals and counter-cabals plot. Secrets of love and suicide haunt Hitler. Yet guile and ambition may yet still prevail. 1932’s breathtaking narrative covers two epic stories that possess haunting parallels to today’s crisis-filled vortex. It is an all-too-human tale of scapegoats and panaceas, class warfare and racial politics, of a seemingly bottomless depression, of massive unemployment and hardship, of unprecedented public works/infrastructure programs, of business stimulus programs and damaging allegations of political cronyism, of waves of bank failures and of mortgages foreclosed, of Washington bonus marches and Berlin street fights, of once-solid financial empires collapsing seemingly overnight, of rapidly shifting social mores, and of mountains of irresponsible international debt threatening to crash not just mere nations but the entire global economy. It is the tale of spell-binding leaders versus bland businessmen and out-of-touch upper-class elites and of two nations inching to safety but lurching toward disaster. It is 1932’s nightmare—with lessons for today.
  görtemaker: Hitler 1 und Hitler 2. Das sexuelle Niemandsland Volker Elis Pilgrim, 2017-08-29 Nach 20 Jahren fern von Deutschland ist Volker Elis Pilgrim zurück und legt als Ergebnis intensiver Recherchen sein Werk Hitler 1 und Hitler 2 vor. Im Herbst 2017 erscheint der erste Band Das sexuelle Niemandsland. Die Faszination der 20. Jahrhundert-Diktatoren Franco, Mao, Mussolini, Pol Pot und Stalin verblasst, die Wirkung von Hitler steigt, so der brasilianische Journalist Carlos Haag. Am 30. Dezember 2016 titelte Die Welt: 2016 war das beste Hitler-Jahr für Historiker und wirft die Frage auf, ob es auch künftig noch überraschende Ideen gibt. Mit einer solchen Überraschung wartet nun Pilgrim auf: Adolf Hitler – der Supergau der deutschen Geschichte – war kein Normalmann, auch kein Psychopath. Vielmehr war er ein Sexopath, der alle Kriterien eines Serienkillers erfüllte. Diese Enträtselung ist für das Deutschland ab 1989 von überragender Bedeutung. Es kann nur zu sich selbst finden, wenn über die Königsfrage, wie die Katastrophe des Dritten Reichs geschehen konnte, Klarheit herrscht. In den 70er und 80er Jahren war Volker Elis Pilgrim der Männer-Emanzipator schlechthin. Pilgrim, Jahrgang 1942, entstammt einer preußischen Adelsfamilie aus der Mark Brandenburg. Seine Eltern gehörten zur Göring-Entourage, was Volker Elis Pilgrim später in seinem radikalen Roman Elternaustreibung thematisierte. Bis heute ist ihm eine Respektlosigkeit und eine Schlagfertigkeit zu eigen, die ihn mit seinem Talent für kritische Fragen zum herausragenden Seismografen gesellschaftlicher Verwerfungen machen. Pilgrim schreibt transliterarisch – Sachbücher im Stil von Romanen, eine andere Art von Literatur, so DIE ZEIT 1984. Dabei gelangen ihm Entdeckungen von Rang, wie z.B. das homosexuelle Outing Albrecht Dürers oder die Entdeckung der bis dahin unbekannten dritten Frau von Karl Marx. Schon in seinem Buch Muttersöhne – 1986/87 für mehrere Monate auf der SPIEGEL Bestseller Liste – spielte Hitler eine zentrale Rolle.
  görtemaker: The Lost Life of Eva Braun Angela Lambert, 2007-01-09 Featuring 32 pages of intimate home photos, this authoritative biography on Hitler's famous mistress is based on detailed new research and opens a new window on the life at the cold heart of the Nazi leadership.
  görtemaker: Fritz and Tommy Peter Doyle, Robin Schäfer, 2015-10-05 It was a war that shaped the modern world, fought on five continents, claiming the lives of ten million people. Two great nations met each other on the field of battle for the first time. But were they so very different? For the first time, and drawing widely on archive material in the form of original letters and diaries, Peter Doyle and Robin Schäfer bring together the two sides, 'Fritz' and 'Tommy', to examine cultural and military nuances that have until now been left untouched: their approaches to war, their lives at the front, their greatest fears and their hopes for the future. The soldiers on both sides went to war with high ideals; they experienced horror and misery, but also comradeship/Kameradschaft. And with increasing alienation from the people at home, they drew closer together, 'the Hun' transformed into 'good old Jerry' by the war's end. This unique collaboration is a refreshing yet touching examination of how little truly divided the men on either side of no-man'sland during the First World War.
  görtemaker: Hitlerin kopla Markku Jokisipilä, 2017-10-17 Kuka kukin oli Kolmannessa valtakunnassa? 20 viiltävää henkilökuvaa kansankiihottajista natsiaatteen mannekiineihin. Minkälaisia ihmisiä olivat Hitlerin uskolliset kätyrit Goebbels ja Göring? Tai Saksan Lapin-armeijan komentaja Eduard Dietl? Markku Jokisipilä on koonnut yhteen natsi-Saksan suurimmat vaikuttajat: poliitikot, byrokraatit, sotilaat, liikemiehet ja taiteilijat. Monitahoiset henkilökuvat avaavat hyytävän näkymän Kolmannen valtakunnan häikäilemättömiin valtapeleihin. Mutta oliko näillä intomielisillä natseilla lainkaan inhimillisiä piirteitä? Hitlerin ja sotilasjohtajien lisäksi mukana ovat muun muassa ulkoministeri Joakim von Ribbentrop, elokuvaohjaaja Leni Riefenstahl sekä Saksan ensimmäinen naispuolinen lentäjä-ässä Hanna Reitsch, joka yritti vielä viime hetkellä pelastaa Hitlerin puna-armeijan saartamasta Berliinistä. Markku Jokisipilä (s. Helsingissä 1972) on tutkija ja Turun yliopiston Eduskuntatutkimuksen keskuksen johtaja. Hän on julkaissut useita historiallisia teoksia, joista viimeisin on Kolmannen valtakunnan vieraat: Suomi Hitlerin Saksan vaikutuspiirissä 1933-1944 (yhdessä Janne Könösen kanssa, Otava, 2013).
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