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| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Manual for a Technological Approach to Ground Stone Analysis Jenny L. Adams, 1997 |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Ground Stone Analysis Jenny L. Adams, 2002 Archaeologists Refer to Stone artifacts that are altered or used to alter other items through abrasion, pecking, or polishing as ground stone. This includes mortars and pestles used to process vegetal materials, pigments, clays, and tempers; abraders, polishing stones, and hammerstones for manufacturing other artifacts; and artifacts shaped by abrasion or pecking, such as axes, pipes, figurines, ornaments, and architectural pieces. Because there is a fuzzy set between flaked and ground stone artifacts, some analysts state that ground stone includes any stone item not considered flaked. This manual presents a flexible yet structured method for analyzing stone artifacts and classifying them in meaningful categories. The analysis techniques record important attributes based on design, manufacture, and use. Part I contains discussions on determining function, classification, attributes of grinding technology, use-wear analysis, modeling tool use, utilization of ethnographic and experimental resources, and research suggestions. Part II contains definitions and descriptions of artifact types. Here the author also seeks to unravel the knot that has developed around conflicting application of terms. Ground Stone Analysis will be a significant reference for any archaeological fieldworker or student who encounters such artifacts. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Lithic Analysis George H. Odell, 2012-12-06 Procedures by which archaeological stone tools have been analyzed have tradition ally operated on an apprenticeship model, whereby a novice acquires competency at the elbow of a grizzled but revered expert in the field. After shuffling through literally thousands of stones and asking hundreds of questions, the neophite even tually reaches a level at which he or she can fly solo, requiring less and less attention from the Master. While this pedagogical model has been frequently tried and tested, it is not always the most efficient method, it is very labor-intensive, and it requires a resident lithics expert, a situation that often does not exist in reality. Learning the ropes would clearly be more practical if there were a manual to consult, a book that provides information and direction so that the Master might at least be spared the most elemental questions and would not have to be available all the time. For years no such manual existed, but recently the ice has been bro ken by Bill Andrefsky's Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Analysis, and Brian Kooyman's Understanding Stone Toolsand Archaeological Sites. These are good books, and can profitably be employed by fledgling lithic analysts. My own interest in writing a manual for stone tool analysts derives initially from the way I was trained-literally at the knees of two Masters (in this case, revered but not grizzled):Dr. Raymond R. Newell in typological and technological matters, and Dr. Ruth E. Tringham in functional studies. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East John J. Shea, 2013-02-28 This book surveys the archaeological record for stone tools from the earliest times to 6,500 years ago in the Near East. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Lithic Technology William Andrefsky, Jr, 2008-09-01 The life history of stone tools is intimately liked to tool production, use, and maintenance. These are important processes in the organization of lithic technology or the manner in which lithic technology is embedded within human organizational strategies of land use and subsistence practices. This volume brings together essays that measure the life history of stone tools relative to retouch values, raw material constraints, and evolutionary processes. Collectively, they explore the association of technological organization with facets of tool form such as reduction sequences, tool production effort, artifact curation processes, and retouch measurement. Data sets cover a broad geographic and temporal span, including examples from France during the Paleolithic, the Near East during the Neolithic, and other regions such as Mongolia, Australia, and Italy. North American examples are derived from Paleoindian times to historic period aboriginal populations throughout the United States and Canada. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Prehistoric Stone Tools of Eastern Africa John J. Shea, 2020-04-16 A detailed overview of the Eastern African stone tools that make up the world's longest archaeological record. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: New Approaches to Old Stones Yorke M. Rowan, Jennie R. Ebeling, 2016-04-08 Ground stone artefacts were widely used in food production in prehistory. However, the archaeological community has widely neglected the dataset of ground stone artefacts until now. 'New Approaches to Old Stones' offers a theoretical and methodological analysis of the archaeological data pertaining to ground stone tools. The essays draw on a range of case studies - from the Levant, Egypt, Crete, Anatolia, Mexico and North America - to examine ground stone technologies. From medieval Islamic stone cooking vessels and late Minoan stone vases, to the use of stone in ritual and as a symbol of luxury, 'New Approaches to Old Stones' offers a radical reassessment of the impact of ground-stone artefacts on technological change, production and exchange. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Stone Tools in the Ancient Near East and Egypt Andrea Squitieri, David Eitam, 2019-01-31 This book focusses on ground stone tools, stone vessels, and devices carved into rock across the Near East and Egypt from prehistory to the later periods. The aim is to explore all aspects of these tools and stimulate a debate about new methodologies to approach this material. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Ground in Stone Elizabeth Lynch, 2021-11-16 In Ground in Stone: Landscape, Social Identity, and Ritual Space on the High Plains, Elizabeth Lynch examines the insights and challenges of bedrock ground stone research in archaeological inquiry. Ground in Stone includes analyses of case studies to illustrate field data collection techniques as well as the rich social lives of ground in stone on the Chaquaqua Plateau. Lynch argues that the bedrock features in southeastern Colorado offer valuable insight into the archaeology of the High Plains because they are spaces where people gathered to craft important products—food, tools, and art. In doing so, these places anchored human movement to the landscape and became integral to story-telling and cultural lifeways. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Lithics William Andrefsky, Jr, 2005-12-08 This fully updated and revised edition of William Andrefsky Jr's ground-breaking manual on lithic analysis is designed for students and professional archaeologists. It explains the fundamental principles of the measurement, recording and analysis of stone tools and stone tool production debris. Introducing the reader to lithic raw materials, classification, terminology and key concepts, the volume comprehensively explores methods and techniques, presenting detailed case studies of lithic analysis from around the world. It also examines new emerging techniques and includes a new section on stone tool functional studies. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Athens and Attica in Prehistory: Proceedings of the International Conference, Athens, 27–31 May 2015 Nikolas Papadimitriou, James C. Wright, Sylvian Fachard, Naya Polychronakou-Sgouritsa, Eleni Andrikou, 2020-07-30 This book provides the most complete overview of the Attica region from the Neolithic to the end of the Late Bronze Age. It paves the way for a new understanding of Attica in the Early Iron Age and indirectly throws new light on the origins of what will later become the polis of the Athenians. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Plants and People in the African Past Anna Maria Mercuri, A. Catherine D'Andrea, Rita Fornaciari, Alexa Höhn, 2018-07-31 There is an essential connection between humans and plants, cultures and environments, and this is especially evident looking at the long history of the African continent. This book, comprising current research in archaeobotany on Africa, elucidates human adaptation and innovation with respect to the exploitation of plant resources. In the long-term perspective climatic changes of the environment as well as human impact have posed constant challenges to the interaction between peoples and the plants growing in different countries and latitudes. This book provides an insight into/overview of the manifold routes people have taken in various parts Africa in order to make a decent living from the provisions of their environment by bringing together the analyses of macroscopic and microscopic plant remains with ethnographic, botanical, geographical and linguistic research. The numerous chapters cover almost all the continent countries, and were prepared by most of the scholars who study African archaeobotany, i.e. the complex and composite history of plant uses and environmental transformations during the Holocene. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: A PERSISTENT PLACE: A LANDSCAPE APPROACH TO THE PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE GREENLEE TRACT IN SOUTHERN OHIO Matthew Purtill, 2012-06-23 Long-term archaeological investigations at the Greenlee Tract by Gray & Pape, Inc., revealed significant evidence for over 10,000 years of Native American utilization of southern Ohio's ancient landscape. Using a siteless landscape approach, this book presents a comprehensive summary of all past work. Various topics are discussed including landscape development, environmental patterns and cycles, settlement patterning and subsistence strategies, and social organization. Several unique archaeological findings are reported upon including the discovery of one of the largest Middle-Late Woodland (A.D. 300-600) villages in the region; the documentation of a rare open-aired, Early Woodland (700 - 100 B.C.) ceremonial structure; and some of the best evidence for Middle Archaic (6500-4000 B.C.) occupation found anywhere in the state. Rarely has such an array of topics been addressed in a single monograph project. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Scientific Methods and Cultural Heritage Gilberto Artioli, 2010-07-08 Scientific techniques developed in materials science offer invaluable information to archaeology, art history, and conservation. A rapidly growing number of innovative methods, as well as many established techniques, are constantly being improved and optimised for the analysis of cultural heritage materials. The result is that on the one hand more complex problems and questions can be confronted, but on the other hand the required level of technical competence is widening the existing cultural gap between scientists and end users, such as archaeologists, museum curators, art historians, and many managers of cultural heritage who have a purely humanistic background. The book is intended as an entry-level introduction to the methods and rationales of scientific investigation of cultural heritage materials, with emphasis placed on the analytical strategies, modes of operation, and resulting information rather than on technicalities. The extensive and updated reference list should be a useful starting point for further reading. Students and researchers from the humanities approaching scientific investigations should find it useful, as well as scientists applying familiar techniques and methods to unfamiliar problems related to cultural heritage. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting of the Association of Ground Stone Tools Research Patrick Nørskov Pedersen, Anne Jörgensen-Lindahl, Mikkel Sørrensen, Tobias Richter, 2022-01-06 The papers in this volume focus especially on the relationship between ground stone artefacts and foodways and include archaeological and ethnographic case studies ranging from the Palaeolithic to the current era, and geographically from Africa to Europe and Asia. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Engendering Households in the Prehistoric Southwest Barbara J. Roth, 2016-12-15 The French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss once described a village as “deserted” when all the adult males had vanished. While his statement is from the first half of the twentieth century, it nonetheless illustrates an oversight that has persisted during most of the intervening decades. Now Southwestern archaeologists have begun to delve into the task of “engendering” their sites. Using a “close to the ground” approach, the contributors to this book seek to engender the prehistoric Southwest by examining evidence at the household level. Focusing on gendered activities in household contexts throughout the southwestern United States, this book represents groundbreaking work in this area. The contributors view households as a crucial link to past activities and behavior, and by engendering these households, we can gain a better understanding of their role in prehistoric society. Gender-structured household activities, in turn, can offer insight into broader-scale social and economic factors. The chapters offer a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches to engendering households and examine topics such as the division of labor, gender relations, household ritual, ceramic and ground stone production and exchange, and migration. Engendering Households in the Prehistoric Southwest ultimately addresses broader issues of interest to many archaeologists today, including households and their various forms, identity and social boundary formation, technological style, and human agency. Focusing on gendered activities in household contexts throughout the southwestern United States, this book represents groundbreaking work in this area. The contributors view households as a crucial link to past activities and behavior, and by engendering these households, we can gain a better understanding of their role in prehistoric society. Gender-structured household activities, in turn, can offer insight into broader-scale social and economic factors. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: The Davis Ranch Site Rex E. Gerald, 2019-04-30 In this new volume, the results of Rex E. Gerald’s 1957 excavations at the Davis Ranch Site in southeastern Arizona’s San Pedro River Valley are reported in their entirety for the first time. Annotations to Gerald’s original manuscript in the archives of the Amerind Museum and newly written material place Gerald’s work in the context of what is currently known regarding the late thirteenth-century Kayenta diaspora and the relationship between Kayenta immigrants and the Salado phenomenon. Data presented by Gerald and other contributors identify the site as having been inhabited by people from the Kayenta region of northeastern Arizona and southeastern Utah. The results of Gerald’s excavations and Archaeology Southwest’s San Pedro Preservation Project (1990–2001) indicate that the people of the Davis Ranch Site were part of a network of dispersed immigrant enclaves responsible for the origin and spread of Roosevelt Red Ware pottery, the key material marker of the Salado phenomenon. A companion volume to Charles Di Peso’s 1958 publication on the nearby Reeve Ruin, archaeologists working in the U.S. Southwest and other researchers interested in ancient population movements and their consequences will consider this work an essential case study. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Behavioral Archaeology Michael B. Schiffer, 2016-04-08 Behavioral archaeology offers a way of examining the past by highlighting human engagement with the material culture of the time. 'Behavioral Archaeology: Principles and Practice' offers a broad overview of the methods and theories used in this approach to archaeology. Opening with an overview of the history and key concepts, the book goes on to systematically cover both principles and practice: the philosophy of science and the scientific method; artifacts and human behavior; archaeological inference; formation processes of the archaeological record; technological change; behavioral change; and ritual and religion. Detailed case studies show the relevance of behavioral method and theory to the wider field of archaeological studies. The book will be invaluable to students of archaeology and anthropology. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: The Archaeologist's Laboratory Edward B. Banning, 2020-07-27 This second edition of the classic textbook, The Archaeologist’s Laboratory, is a substantially revised work that offers updated information on the archaeological work that follows fieldwork, such as the processing and analysis of artifacts and other evidence. An overarching theme of this edition is the quality and validity of archaeological arguments and the data we use to support them. The book introduces many of the laboratory activities that archaeologists carry out and the ways we can present research results, including graphs and artifact illustrations. Part I introduces general topics concerning measurement error, data quality, research design, typology, probability and databases. It also includes data presentation, basic artifact conservation, and laboratory safety. Part II offers brief surveys of the analysis of lithics and ground stone, pottery, metal artifacts, bone and shell artifacts, animal and plant remains, and sediments, as well as dating by stratigraphy, seriation and chronometric methods. It concludes with a chapter on archaeological illustration and publication. A new feature of the book is illustration of concepts through case studies from around the world and from the Palaeolithic to historical archaeology.The text is appropriate for senior undergraduate students and will also serve as a useful reference for graduate students and professional archaeologists. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Ashlar Maud Devolder, Igor Kreimerman, 2020-06-25 This volume focusses on ashlar masonry, probably the most elaborate construction technique of the Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age, from a cross-regional perspective. The building practices and the uses of cutstone components and masonries in Egypt, Syria, the Aegean, Anatolia, Cyprus and the Levant in the 3rd and 2nd millennium BC are examined through a series of case studies and topical essays. The topics addressed include the terminology of ashlar building components and the typologies of its masonries, technical studies on the procurement, dressing, tool kits and construction techniques pertaining to cut stone, investigations into the place of ashlar in inter-regional exchanges and craft dissemination, the extent and signifi cance of the use of cut stone within the communities and regions, and the visual eff ects, social meanings, and symbolic and ideological values of ashlar. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Principles of Geoarchaeology Michael R. Waters, 1992 Geoarchaeological studies can significantly enhance interpretations of human prehistory by allowing archaeologists to decipher from sediments and soils the effects of earth processes on the evidence of human activity. While a number of previous books have provided broad geographic and temporal treatments of geoarchaeology, this new volume presents a single author's view intended for North American archaeologists. Waters deals with those aspects of geoarchaeologyÑstratigraphy, site formation processes, and landscape reconstructionÑmost fundamental to archaeology, and he focuses on the late Quaternary of North America, permitting in-depth discussions of the concepts directly applicable to that research. Assuming no prior geologic knowledge on the part of the reader, Waters provides a background in fundamental geological processes and the basic tools of geoarchaeology. He then proceeds to relate specific physical processes, microenvironments, deposits, and landforms associated with riverine, desert, lake, glacial, cave, coastal, and other environments to archaeological site formation, location, and context. This practical volume illustrates the contributions of geoarchaeological investigations and demonstrates the need to make such studies an integral part of archaeological research. The text is enhanced by more than a hundred line drawings and photographs. CONTENTS 1. Research Objectives of Geoarchaeology 2. Geoarchaeological Foundations: The Archaeological Site Matrix: Sediments and Soils / Stratigraphy / The Geoarchaeological Interpretation of Sediments, Soils, and Stratigraphy 3. Alluvial Environments: Streamflow / Sediment Erosion, Transport, and Deposition / Alluvial Environments: Rivers, Arroyos, Terraces, and Fans / Alluvial Landscapes Evolution and the Archaeological Record / Alluvial Landscape Reconstruction 4. Eolian Environments: Sediment Erosion, Transport, and Deposition / Sand Dunes / Loess and Dust / Stone Pavements / Eolian Erosion / Volcanic Ash (Tephra) 5. Springs, Lakes, Rockshelters, and Other Terrestrial Environments: Springs / Lakes / Slopes / Glaciers / Rockshelters and Caves 6. Coastal Environments: Coastal Processes / Late Quaternary Sea Level Changes / Coastal Environments / Coastal Landscape Evolution and the Archaeological Record / Coastal Landscape Reconstruction 7. The Postburial Disturbance af Archaeological Site Contexts: Cryoturbation / Argilliturbation / Graviturbation / Deformation / Other Physical Disturbances / Floralturbation / Faunalturbation 8. Geoarchaeological Research Appendix A: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating the Effects of Fluvial Landscape Evolution on the Archaeological Record Appendix B: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating Site-Specific Synchronic and Diachronic Alluvial Landscape Reconstructions Appendix C: Geoarchaeological Studies Illustrating Regional Synchronic and Diachronic Alluvial Landscape Reconstructions |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Wild Harvest Karen Hardy, Lucy Kubiak Martens, 2016-04-20 Plants are fundamental to life; they are used by all human groups and most animals. They provide raw materials, vitamins and essential nutrients and we could not survive without them. Yet access to plant use before the Neolithic can be challenging. In some places, plant remains rarely survive and reconstructing plant use in pre-agrarian contexts needs to be conducted using a range of different techniques. This lack of visible evidence has led to plants being undervalued, both in terms of their contribution to diet and as raw materials. This book outlines why the role of plants is required for a better understanding of hominin and pre-agrarian human life, and it offers a variety of ways in which this can be achieved. Wild Harvest is divided into three sections. In section 1 each chapter focuses on a specific feature of plant use by humans; this covers the role of carbohydrates, the need for and effects of processing methods, the role of plants in self-medication among apes, plants as raw materials, and the extent of evidence for plant use prior to the development of agriculture in the Near East. Section 2 comprises seven chapters which cover different methods available to obtain information on plants, and the third section has five chapters, each covering a topic related to ethnography, ethnohistory, or ethnoarchaeology, and how these can be used to improve our understanding of the role of plants in the pre-agrarian past. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Stone Tools in Transition: From Hunter-Gatherers to Farming Societies in the Near East Borrell, Ferran, Ibáñez, Juan José, Molist, Miquel, 2013 This volume compiles the papers presented at the seventh edition of the Conference on PPN Chipped and Ground Stone Industries of the Fertile Crescent, held in Barcelona from 14 to 17 February 2012. This series of conferences/workshops started nineteen years ago - the first meeting was organised in Berlin in 1993 - and is devoted to the study of the lithic record in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Near East and neighbouring regions. The seventh of these conferences was organised by the Institució Milà i Fontanals (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) and the Prehistory Department (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona). This volume includes a total number of 36 articles, covering a wide range of topics and disciplines related to lithic studies in the Levant over a long chronological time span (from the final stages of the Epipalaeolithic/Natufian to the Halaf period). The publication of the conference proceedings is thus an interesting synthesis of the current state of lithic studies on the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Near East, and consolidates this specific series of conferences as a key tool to maintain and stimulate the vitality of high quality research into the Near Eastern lithic record. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Kennewick Man Douglas W. Owsley, Richard L. Jantz, 2014-09-10 Almost from the day of its accidental discovery along the banks of the Columbia River in Washington State in July 1996, the ancient skeleton of Kennewick Man has garnered significant attention from scientific and Native American communities as well as public media outlets. This volume represents a collaboration among physical and forensic anthropologists, archaeologists, geologists, and geochemists, among others, and presents the results of the scientific study of this remarkable find. Scholars address a range of topics, from basic aspects of osteological analysis to advanced ?research focused on Kennewick Man’s origins and his relationships to other populations. Interdisciplinary studies, comprehensive data collection and preservation, and applications of technology are all critical to telling Kennewick Man’s story. Kennewick Man: The Scientific Investigation of an Ancient American Skeleton is written for a discerning professional audience, yet the absorbing story of the remains, their discovery, their curation history, and the extensive amount of detail that skilled scientists have been able to glean from them will appeal to interested and informed general readers. These bones lay silent for nearly nine thousand years, but now, with the aid of dedicated researchers, they can speak about the life of one of the earliest human occupants of North America. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Archaeological Data Recovery in the Piceance and Wyoming Basins of Northwestern Colorado and Southwestern Wyoming Matthew J. Landt, 2018-02-28 In 2008-9, a 14-in. natural gas liquids pipeline was constructed in Colorado and Wyoming. Alpine Archaeological Consultants, Inc. was hired to survey the route; the major research themes presented here synthesize chronometric and spatial information, subsistence, prehistoric technology, small cultural features, and prehistoric architecture. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Approaches to the Analysis of Production Activity at Archaeological Sites Anna K. Hodgkinson, Cecilie Lelek Tvetmarken, 2020-03-05 Proceedings of a workshop held in Berlin, 2018, focusing on manufacturing activities identified at archaeological sites. New excavation techniques, ethnographic research, archaeometric approaches, GIS, experimental archaeology, and theoretical issues associated with how researchers understand production in the past, are presented here. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: The Archaeology of Science Michael Brian Schiffer, 2013-04-19 This manual pulls together—and illustrates with interesting case studies—the variety of specialized and generalized archaeological research strategies that yield new insights into science. Throughout the book there are templates, consisting of questions, to help readers visualize and design their own projects. The manual seeks to be as general as possible, applicable to any society, and so science is defined as the creation of useful knowledge—the kinds of knowledge that enable people to make predictions. The chapters in Part I discuss the scope of the archaeology of science and furnish a conceptual foundation for the remainder of the book. Next, Part II presents several specialized, but widely practiced, research strategies that contribute to the archaeology of science. In order to thoroughly ground the manual in real-life applications, Part III presents lengthy case studies that feature the use of historical and archaeological evidence in the study of scientific activities. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Methods, Mounds, and Missions Ann S. Cordell, Jeffrey M. Mitchem, 2021-09-27 Methods, Mounds, and Missions offers innovative ways of looking at existing data, as well as compelling new information, about Florida’s past. Diverse in scale, topic, time, and region, the volume’s contributions span the late Archaic through historic periods and cover much of the state’s panhandle and peninsula, with forays into the larger Southeast and circum-Caribbean area. Subjects explored in this volume include coastal ring middens, chiefly power and social interaction in mound-building societies, pottery design and production, faunal evidence of mollusk harvesting, missions and missionaries, European iron celts or chisels, Hernando de Soto’s sixteenth-century expedition, and an early nineteenth-century Seminole settlement. The essays incorporate previously underexplored markers of culture histories such as clay sources and non-chert lithic tools and address complex issues such as the entanglement of utilitarian artifacts with sociocultural and ritual realms. Experts in their topical specializations, this volume’s contributors build on the research methods and interpretive approaches of influential anthropologist Jerald Milanich. They update current archaeological interpretations of Florida history, developing and demonstrating the use of new and improved tools to answer broader and larger questions. A volume in the Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Mimbres Life and Society Patricia A. Gilman, Steven A. LeBlanc, 2017-12-19 This book offers a detailed account of the archaeological excavation of one of the last possible Mimbres Classic pueblos, including photography of the painted black-on-white pottery--Provided by publisher. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Flexible Stones Anna Stroulia, 2010-03-30 Despite their ubiquitous presence among prehistoric remains in Greece, ground stone tools have yet to attract the same kind of attention as have other categories of archaeological material, such as pottery or lithics. Flexible Stones provides a detailed analysis of the material discovered during the excavations at Franchthi Cave, Peloponnese, Greece. Approximately 500 tools, the raw material used for their manufacture, as well as the byproducts of such manufacture were found. Most of this collection comes from the Neolithic component of the site—including a small number of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic cases—with a large number of the studied tools indicating multiple uses. Anna Stroulia sees the multifunctional character of these tools as a conscious choice that reflects a flexible attitude of tool makers and users toward tools and raw materials. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Rethinking Moundville and Its Hinterland Vincas P. Steponaitis, C. Margaret Scarry, 2019-10-01 Moundville, near Tuscaloosa, Alabama, is one of the largest pre-Columbian mound sites in North America. Comprising twenty-nine earthen mounds that were once platforms for chiefly residences and public buildings, Moundville was a major political and religious center for the people living in its region and for the wider Mississippian world. A much-needed synthesis of the rapidly expanding archaeological work that has taken place in the region over the past two decades, this volume presents the results of multifaceted research and new excavations. Using models deeply rooted in local ethnohistory, it ties Moundville and its people more closely than before to the ethnography of native southerners and emphasizes the role of social memory, iconography, and ritual practices both at the mound center and in the rural hinterland, providing an up-to-date and refreshingly nuanced interpretation of Mississippian culture. A volume in the Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Tracing Prehistoric Social Networks through Technology Ann Brysbaert, 2014-05-30 This volume investigates smaller and larger networks of contacts within and across the Aegean and nearby regions, covering periods from the Neolithic until Classical times (6000–323 BC). It explores the world of technologies, crafts and archaeological 'left-overs' in order to place social and technological networks in their larger economic and political contexts. By investigating ways of production, transport/distribution, and consumption, this book covers a chronologically large period in order to expand our understanding of wider cultural developments inside the geographical boundaries of the Aegean and its regions of contact in the east Mediterranean. This book brings together scholars’ expertise in a variety of different fields ranging from historical archaeology (using textual evidence), archaeometry, geoarchaeology, experimental work, archaeobotany, and archaeozoology. Chapters in this volume study and contextualize archaeological remains and explore networks of crafts-people, craft traditions, or people who employed various technologies to survive. Central questions in this context are how and why traditions, techniques, and technologies change or remain stable, or where and why cross-cultural boundaries developed and disintegrated. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Planet Taco Jeffrey M. Pilcher, 2017-02-14 Planet Taco examines the historical struggles between globalization and national sovereignty in the creation of authentic Mexican food. By telling the stories of the Chili Queens of San Antonio and the inventors of the taco shell, it shows how Mexican Americans helped to make Mexican food global. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Lithic Studies: Anatolia and Beyond Adnan Baysal, 2022-03-31 This volume aims to show networks of cultural interactions by focusing on the latest lithic studies from Turkey, Greece, and the Balkans, bringing to the forefront the connectedness and techno-cultural continuity of knapped and ground stone technologies. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Tumuli and Megaliths in Eurasia João Caninas, Telmo Pereira, Paulo Félix, Isabel Gaspar, 2024-07-31 Tumuli and megaliths mark the landscape of Eurasia and are rich in data, mystery, and legends. Books about them are often monographic or have a local range. This collection of essays highlights and brings together 74 authors from 16 countries, from Portugal to Japan and Indonesia. They offer a diversity of regional backgrounds, theoretical perspectives, and scientific approaches relevant to anyone working in history, archaeology, anthropology, and heritage. Densely illustrated and written in a way that is understandable to anyone, it is easily accessible to students, professors, researchers, and cultural or heritage managers. It will also attract anyone interested in past cultures, early religions, and ancient architecture. Its content makes it a mandatory book for the central and specialized libraries of any university, I&D centre, museum or visiting centre about this and other related issues. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Connecting Networks: Characterising Contact by Measuring Lithic Exchange in the European Neolithic Tim Kerig, Stephen Shennan, 2015-07-31 This volume brings together a group of peer reviewed papers, most of them presented at a workshop held at University College London, 15-17 October 2011, as part of the European Research Council (ERC) funded project Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe (EUROEVOL 2010-2015). |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: The Oxford Handbook of Southwest Archaeology Barbara Mills, Severin Fowles, 2017-08-15 The American Southwest is one of the most important archaeological regions in the world, with many of the best-studied examples of hunter-gatherer and village-based societies. Research has been carried out in the region for well over a century, and during this time the Southwest has repeatedly stood at the forefront of the development of new archaeological methods and theories. Moreover, research in the Southwest has long been a key site of collaboration between archaeologists, ethnographers, historians, linguists, biological anthropologists, and indigenous intellectuals. This volume marks the most ambitious effort to take stock of the empirical evidence, theoretical orientations, and historical reconstructions of the American Southwest. Over seventy top scholars have joined forces to produce an unparalleled survey of state of archaeological knowledge in the region. Themed chapters on particular methods and theories are accompanied by comprehensive overviews of the culture histories of particular archaeological sequences, from the initial Paleoindian occupation, to the rise of a major ritual center in Chaco Canyon, to the onset of the Spanish and American imperial projects. The result is an essential volume for any researcher working in the region as well as any archaeologist looking to take the pulse of contemporary trends in this key research tradition. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Archaeological Artefacts as Material Culture Linda Hurcombe, 2014-05-12 This book is an introduction to the study of artefacts, setting them in a social context rather than using a purely scientific approach. Drawing on a range of different cultures and extensively illustrated, Archaeological Artefacts and Material Culture covers everything from recovery strategies and recording procedures to interpretation through typology, ethnography and experiment, and every type of material including wood, fibers, bones, hides and adhesives, stone, clay, and metals. With over seventy illustrations with almost fifty in full colour, this book not only provides the tools an archaeologist will need to interpret past societies from their artefacts, but also a keen appreciation of the beauty and tactility involved in working with these fascinating objects. This is a book no archaeologist should be without, but it will also appeal to anybody interested in the interaction between people and objects. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe Chris Fowler, Jan Harding, Daniela Hofmann, 2015 The Neolithic - a period in which the first sedentary agrarian communities were established across much of Europe - has been a key topic of archaeological research for over a century. However, the variety of evidence across Europe and the way research traditions in different countries (and languages) have developed makes it very difficult for both students and specialists to gain an overview of continent-wide trends. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe provides the first comprehensive, geographically extensive, thematic overview of the European Neolithic - from Iberia to Russia and from Norway to Malta - offering both a general introduction and a clear exploration of key issues and current debates surrounding evidence and interpretation. Chapters written by leading experts in the field examine topics such as the movement of plants, animals, ideas, and people (including recent trends in the application of genetics and isotope analyses); cultural change (from the first farming to the first metal artefacts); domestic architecture; subsistence; material culture; monuments; and burial and other treatments of the dead. In doing so, the volume also considers the history of research and sets out agendas and themes for future work in the field. |
| ground stone analysis a technological approach: Archaeological Laboratory Methods Mark Q. Sutton, Brooke S. Arkush, 2002 |
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Ground Zero All-In-One Guide Map : r/EscapefromTarkov - Reddit
Ground Zero All-In-One Guide Map Guide Hey all, given all the isolated information coming out sporadically ...
For FedEx employees - Reddit
FEDEX GROUND PACKAGE SYS. for anyone who wants to look it up. It's still very early in its process. Right now I think it's just my state of CT but the "claim" is that the CT Minimum Wage …
What is the best dual typing for each type - Reddit
Apr 1, 2023 · Ground : Water is the best defensively, Flying offensively. I explained the strengths of Water/Ground in Water. For only 1 big weakness, Water/Ground is a very solid type who …
War Thunder - Reddit
This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One …
Predicting Shimmer Location: Easily Find Shimmer in Medium and …
Apr 18, 2023 · To find the shimmer, look in the colored area based on the color of your dungeon. Note: There is a chance that this prediction will fail when there is an evil biome on the surface.
Minecraft Troll Commands : r/MinecraftCommands - Reddit
Jan 23, 2022 · The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its …
How much farmland can one water source block hydrate?
443 votes, 61 comments. 7.4M subscribers in the Minecraft community. Minecraft community on reddit
GRAPHIC - Remains Everywhere - You need to zoom in on some
I’ve seen other (non-9/11) videos of people hitting the ground. If you imagine a big water bag (ie, the human body) smacking concrete from so many stories up, well, that’s what it looks like. …
Vanilla 1.4.1 Cobblemon Tier List : r/cobblemon - Reddit
Clod is one of the few ground types that gets earthquake and has a cracked moveset beyond that. Yawn, toxic spikes, megahorn, toxic, poison jab, etc. It also gets water absorb, which is nuts …
Has anyone used Ground News? : r/BlockedAndReported - Reddit
Upon initial inspection, Ground News might seem overhyped due to its seemingly rigid and inflexible third-party labels for news sources, reminiscent of other news aggregators and fact …
Ground Zero All-In-One Guide Map : r/EscapefromTarkov - Reddit
Ground Zero All-In-One Guide Map Guide Hey all, given all the isolated information coming out sporadically ...
For FedEx employees - Reddit
FEDEX GROUND PACKAGE SYS. for anyone who wants to look it up. It's still very early in its process. Right now I think it's just my state of CT but the "claim" is that the CT Minimum Wage …
What is the best dual typing for each type - Reddit
Apr 1, 2023 · Ground : Water is the best defensively, Flying offensively. I explained the strengths of Water/Ground in Water. For only 1 big weakness, Water/Ground is a very solid type who …
War Thunder - Reddit
This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One …
Predicting Shimmer Location: Easily Find Shimmer in Medium and …
Apr 18, 2023 · To find the shimmer, look in the colored area based on the color of your dungeon. Note: There is a chance that this prediction will fail when there is an evil biome on the surface.
Minecraft Troll Commands : r/MinecraftCommands - Reddit
Jan 23, 2022 · The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its …
How much farmland can one water source block hydrate?
443 votes, 61 comments. 7.4M subscribers in the Minecraft community. Minecraft community on reddit
GRAPHIC - Remains Everywhere - You need to zoom in on some
I’ve seen other (non-9/11) videos of people hitting the ground. If you imagine a big water bag (ie, the human body) smacking concrete from so many stories up, well, that’s what it looks like. …
Vanilla 1.4.1 Cobblemon Tier List : r/cobblemon - Reddit
Clod is one of the few ground types that gets earthquake and has a cracked moveset beyond that. Yawn, toxic spikes, megahorn, toxic, poison jab, etc. It also gets water absorb, which is nuts …
