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| fall of mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire Sir Jadunath Sarkar, 1932 |
| fall of mughal empire: The Decline of the Mughal Empire Meena Bhargava, 2014 The Mughal Empire is a fascinating mosaic in the history of India. The 'decline' of the Mughal Empire, along with its power, wealth, stability, territoriality, and exquisite and surreal character, has engaged historians for several decades in a complex and contentious debate. This volume explores the divergent views and discussions that surround the withering of this empire and focuses on the different paradigms and assumptions that have shaped the interpretations of this decline. A part of the Debates in Indian History and Society series, this volume tackles questions regarding the Mughal Empire. Was the decline a mere deterioration of power over a period of roughly thirty to fifty years or did the decentralizing tendencies of the empire become more apparent and aggressive during these particular years? Did the decline of the Mughal Empire lead to a 'dark age', or notwithstanding the decline and the political collapse of the centre, did the Indian economy and polity continue to flourish? This book will be of interest to students, teachers, and scholars of medieval and modern Indian history. |
| fall of mughal empire: Last Mughal (P/B) William Dalrynple, 2007 Winner Of The Duff Cooper Prize For History 2007 Bahadur Shah Zafar Ii, The Last Mughal Emperor, Was A Mystic, A Talented Poet, And A Skilled Calligrapher, Who, Though Deprived Of Real Political Power By The East India Company, Succeeded In Creating A Court Of Great Brilliance, And Presided Over One Of The Great Cultural Renaissances Of Indian History. In 1857 It Was Zafar S Blessing To A Rebellion Among The Company S Own Indian Troops That Transformed An Army Mutiny Into The Largest Uprising The British Empire Ever Had To Face. The Last Mughal Is A Portrait Of The Dazzling Delhi Zafar Personified, And The Story Of The Last Days Of The Great Mughal Capital And Its Final Destruction In The Catastrophe Of 1857. Shaped From Groundbreaking Material, William Dalrymple S Powerful Retelling Of This Fateful Course Of Events Is An Extraordinary Revisionist Work With Clear Contemporary Echoes. It Is The First Account To Present The Indian Perspective On The Siege, And Has At Its Heart The Stories Of The Forgotten Individuals Tragically Caught Up In One Of The Bloodiest Upheavals In History. |
| fall of mughal empire: Fall Of The Mughal Empire- Vol. I (4Th Edn.) Jadunath Sarkar, 1991 The four volumes together comprise a detailed study of the causes and the result of the events between 1707 1803, that is between the death of Aurangzib and the conquest of Delhi. Dr Sarkar s pioneering work is based on a close examination of contemporary sources and documents. The fourth edition of this book includes extensive footnotes listing the best sources available on the subject, scholarly acknowledgement of other historians views, and detailed identification in present-day India of the villages and towns mentioned in the book. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire Amar Nath Kapoor, Vishwa Prakash Gupta, Mohinī Guptā, 2006-01-01 Study deals with the rise of the British power in India during the period A.D. 1707 to 1857. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui, 2012-08-27 For more than 200 years, the Mughal emperors ruled supreme in northern India. How was it possible that a Muslim, ethnically Turkish, Persian-speaking dynasty established itself in the Indian subcontinent to become one of the largest and most dynamic empires on earth? In this rigorous new interpretation of the period, Munis D. Faruqui explores Mughal state formation through the pivotal role of the Mughal princes. In a challenge to previous scholarship, the book suggests that far from undermining the foundations of empire, the court intrigues and political backbiting that were features of Mughal political life - and that frequently resulted in rebellions and wars of succession - actually helped spread, deepen and mobilise Mughal power through an empire-wide network of friends and allies. This engaging book, which uses a vast archive of European and Persian sources, takes the reader from the founding of the empire under Babur to its decline in the 1700s. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Mughal Empire and Its Decline Andrea Hintze, 1997 The book examines major developments and recent trends in the historiography of the Mughal Empire and post-Mughal state systems. The aim is to integrate the research of the past twenty to thirty years in a theoretical framework in order to achieve a better understanding of the transition period of the late 17th and early 18th century in India. The book outlines organizational structures and power relationships in the Mughal Empire and accounts for the redistribution of power on the Indian subcontinent in the context of long-term stuctural change in the Indian Ocean region. Rather than signalling social stagnation and decay, the decline of the imperial order and the transformation of the political system appear to reflect a process in which the state dynamically adjusted to changes in Indian society and economy. By integrating new social groups and incorporating various new technical means of resources mangagement, the state significantly enhanced its organizational power and its capacity for social control. |
| fall of mughal empire: ShahJahan Fergus Niccol, 2008-03-01 This biography of ShahJahan, the fourth Mughal emperor, presents the general reader with an insight into a world where brutally violent politics and high art co-existed under the same royal roof. |
| fall of mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire - Vol. III (4th Edn.) Jadunath Sarkar, 1991 The Four Volumes Together Comprise A Detailed Study Of The Causes And The Result Of The Events Between 1707 1803, That Is Between The Death Of Aurangzib And The Conquest Of Delhi. Dr Sarkar S Pioneering Work Is Based On A Close Examination Of Contemporary Sources And Documents. The Fourth Edition Of This Book Includes Extensive Footnotes Listing The Best Sources Available On The Subject, Scholarly Acknowledgement Of Other Historians Views, And Detailed Identification In Present-Day India Of The Villages And Towns Mentioned In The Book. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Mughal Empire at War Andrew de la Garza, 2016-04-28 The Mughal Empire was one of the great powers of the early modern era, ruling almost all of South Asia, a conquest state, dominated by its military elite. Many historians have viewed the Mughal Empire as relatively backward, the Emperor the head of a traditional warband from Central Asia, with tribalism and the traditions of the Islamic world to the fore, and the Empire not remotely comparable to the forward looking Western European states of the period, with their strong innovative armies implementing the “military revolution”. This book argues that, on the contrary, the military establishment built by the Emperor Babur and his successors was highly sophisticated, an effective combination of personnel, expertise, technology and tactics, drawing on precedents from Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and India, and that the resulting combined arms system transformed the conduct of warfare in South Asia. The book traces the development of the Mughal Empire chronologically, examines weapons and technology, tactics and operations, organization, recruitment and training, and logistics and non-combat operations, and concludes by assessing the overall achievements of the Mughal Empire, comparing it to its Western counterparts, and analyzing the reasons for its decline. |
| fall of mughal empire: Medieval History (Emergence of Islam to downfall of mughal empire) MD I.A Khan, 2022-07-04 This book is dealing with Medieval History and the complex Social, Economic and Political conditions of Medieval India. The objectives of this book are to tackle the MCQ-type questions. This book could be a very helpful source of information for PSC and UPSC aspirants. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Fall of the Mogul Empire With a Map Sidney J. Owen, 2022-10-27 |
| fall of mughal empire: The Mughal Empire John F. Richards, 1993-03-18 The Mughal empire was one of the largest centralized states in the premodern world and this volume traces the history of this magnificent empire from its creation in 1526 to its breakup in 1720. Richards stresses the dynamic quality of Mughal territorial expansion, their institutional innovations in land revenue, coinage and military organization, ideological change and the relationship between the emperors and Islam. He also analyzes institutions particular to the Mughal empire, such as the jagir system, and explores Mughal India's links with the early modern world. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Mughal World Abraham Eraly, 2007 It Is Hard To Imagine Anyone Succeeding More Gracefully In Producing A Balanced Overview Than Abraham Eraly William Dalrymple, Sunday Times, London In The Mughal World Abraham Eraly Continues His Fascinating Chronicle Of The Grand Saga Of The Mughal Empire. In Emperors Of The Peacock Throne He Gave Us The Story Of The Lives And Achievements Of The Great Mughal Emperors; In This Book, He Looks Beyond The Momentous Historical Events To Portray, In Precise And Vivid Detail, The Agony And Ecstasy Of Life In Mughal India. Combining Scholarly Objectivity With Artful Storytelling The Author Presents A Lively Panorama Of The Mughal World Emperors And Nobles At Work And Play; Harem Life; The Profligacy And Extravagance Of The Ruling Class Juxtaposed With The Stark Wretchedness Of The Common People. Meticulously Researched And Lucidly Narrated The Mughal World Offers Rare Insights Into The State Of The Empire S Economy, Religious Policies, The Mughal Army And Its Tactics, And The Glories Of Mughal Art, Architecture, Literature And Music. |
| fall of mughal empire: A Short History of the Mughal Empire Michael Fisher, 2015-10-01 The Mughal Empire dominated India politically, culturally, socially, economically and environmentally, from its foundation by Babur, a Central Asian adventurer, in 1526 to the final trial and exile of the last emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar at the hands of the British in 1858. Throughout the empire's three centuries of rise, preeminence and decline, it remained a dynamic and complex entity within and against which diverse peoples and interests conflicted. The empire's significance continues to be controversial among scholars and politicians with fresh and exciting new insights, theories and interpretations being put forward in recent years. This book engages students and general readers with a clear, lively and informed narrative of the core political events, the struggles and interactions of key individuals, groups and cultures, and of the contending historiographical arguments surrounding the Mughal Empire. |
| fall of mughal empire: Mughal Empire Hourly History, 2020-06 Discover the remarkable history of the Mughal Empire...For more than two hundred years, the Mughal Empire dominated the Indian subcontinent. It became one of the largest empires on the planet with an army of almost one million men at arms and an economy that was stronger than any other at the time. The Mughal Empire developed new art and architecture, and some of the things created during this empire are still regarded as iconic representations of India. Although most of its conquests were achieved through the application of military power, this was also a relatively liberal, pluralist empire which successfully assimilated people from varied cultural and religious background into a total population of over one hundred and fifty million. Perhaps that is surprising given that this empire originated with an invasion by nomadic Mongols from the north; the very first Mughal emperor was a direct descendent of both Genghis Khan and Tamerlane. Then, just when the Mughal Empire seemed to have become invincible, it disintegrated in an astonishingly short space of time. This book tells the story of how the Mughal Empire was able to achieve almost unimaginable power and wealth and how within the nature of that success were the elements which eventually tore the empire apart. This is the complex, exciting story of the rapid rise and even more rapid collapse of the mighty, colorful, vibrant, and complex Mughal Empire. Discover a plethora of topics such as The Emergence of Babur The Reign of Akbar the Great Consolidation and Glory Art, Architecture and Science in the Mughal Empire Decline of the Mughal Empire India Falls under British Control And much more! So if you want a concise and informative book on the Mughal Empire, simply scroll up and click the Buy now button for instant access! |
| fall of mughal empire: The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan Henry George Keene, 1887 |
| fall of mughal empire: The Lives of the Mughal Emperors John Reeve, 2012 Through the Mughal's rich legacy of art and architecture, and using many first-hand accounts from the time, this book reveals the lives of the Mughals, exploring how their individual characters differed and how between them they came to build, and lose, a great empire. It tells the remarkable story of the 300-year Mughal dynasty in India. |
| fall of mughal empire: From Stone to Paper Chanchal B. Dadlani, 2018-01-01 This groundbreaking volume examines how the Mughal Empire used architecture to refashion its identity and stage authority in the 18th century, as it struggled to maintain political power against both regional challenges and the encroaching British Empire. |
| fall of mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire Sir Jadunath Sarkar, 1972 |
| fall of mughal empire: The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India Muzaffar Alam, 2013-03-28 In the backdrop of the decline of the Mughal empire, this book studies two contrasting regions in north India-Awadh and Punjab. It offers a bold new interpretation of the period by focussing on the agrarian uprisings, the jagirdari system, and the emergence of a new regionally-based political order. This edition includes a new introduction. |
| fall of mughal empire: Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire Ram Prasad Tripathi, 1956 |
| fall of mughal empire: Emperors of the Peacock Throne Abraham Eraly, 2000 A Stirring Account Of One Of The World S Greatest Empires In December 1525, Zahir-Ud-Din Babur, Descended From Chengiz Khan And Timur Lenk, Crossed The Indus River Into The Punjab With A Modest Army And Some Cannon. At Panipat, Five Months Later, He Fought The Most Important Battle Of His Life And Routed The Mammoth Army Of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, The Afghan Ruler Of Hindustan. Mughal Rule In India Had Begun. It Was To Continue For Over Three Centuries, Shaping India For All Time. In This Definitive Biography Of The Great Mughals, Abraham Eraly Reclaims The Right To Set Down History As A Chronicle Of Flesh-And-Blood People. Bringing To His Task The Objectivity Of A Scholar And The High Imagination Of A Master Storyteller, He Recreates The Lives Of Babur, The Intrepid Pioneer; The Dreamer Humayun; Akbar, The Greatest And Most Enigmatic Of The Mughals; The Aesthetes Jehangir And Shah Jahan; And The Dour And Determined Aurangzeb. |
| fall of mughal empire: Discoveries: India and the Mughal Dynasty Valerie Berinstain, 1998-03-01 In the 16th century the Mughal emperors of India were among the greatest and most magnificent rulers of the East. Their arts of painting and architecture were peerless, their wealth fabulous, their courts renowned for culture and refinement, their jewels incomparable. This book follows the rise of Mughal dynasty in the 16th century, its heyday in the 17th, and its decline in the 19th. Fabled India: here we meet the legendary emperors Babur and Akbar the Great; we enter splendid courts and discover their political schemes and ambitions, ytheir marvelous artists, their lavish ceremonies, their high learning. The Mughal kingdoms comprised both Muslim and Hindu lands and ranged from Kashmir to Afghanistan to Samarkand, Art, science, craftmanship0, political policy, and military strategy: all are here, echoing in the vast spaces of the Taj Mahal and the scented gardens of Shalimar.--book cover. |
| fall of mughal empire: An Environmental History of India Michael H. Fisher, 2018-10-18 India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh contain one-fifth of humanity, are home to many biodiversity hotspots, and are among the nations most subject to climatic stresses. By surveying their environmental history, we can gain major insights into the causes and implications of the Indian subcontinent's current conditions. This accessible new survey begins roughly 100 million years ago, when continental drift moved India from the South Pole and across the Indian Ocean, forming the Himalayan Mountains and creating monsoons. Coverage continues to the twenty-first century, taking readers beyond independence from colonial rule. The new nations of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh have produced rising populations and have stretched natural resources, even as they have become increasingly engaged with climate change. To understand the region's current and future pressing issues, Michael H. Fisher argues that we must engage with the long and complex history of interactions among its people, land, climate, flora, and fauna. |
| fall of mughal empire: Mughal Empire Decline Amelia Khatri, AI, 2025-01-30 Mughal Empire Decline offers a compelling exploration of how one of history's most powerful empires transformed from a dominant force to a fragmented state in less than a century. This comprehensive analysis examines three critical factors that led to the empire's downfall: succession conflicts following Aurangzeb's death in 1707, the deterioration of administrative and economic systems, and mounting external pressures from various powers including the Marathas, Sikhs, and European trading companies. Through meticulous examination of historical records, including previously untranslated Persian and Arabic documents, the book reveals how violent power struggles among royal princes depleted the imperial treasury and weakened central authority. The economic analysis uncovers how constant warfare and excessive taxation eroded the empire's once-efficient revenue system, while regional governors gradually transformed into semi-autonomous rulers, effectively undermining imperial cohesion. The narrative progresses chronologically from 1707 to 1857, weaving together multiple historical perspectives to present a nuanced view of imperial decline. Rather than offering simplified explanations, the book demonstrates how institutional weaknesses, leadership failures, and external pressures created a perfect storm that ultimately led to the empire's dissolution. This scholarly yet accessible work provides valuable insights into the nature of imperial decline while remaining relevant to contemporary discussions about global power shifts and institutional resilience. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Indian Empire W.W. Hunter, 2013-11-05 This Volume VII of eleven in a series on India: History, Economy and Society. Originally published in 1886, this book presents an account of India and its people, condensed from statistical surveys that initially were 128 volumes and 60,000 pages. Further shrunk into twelve volumes as the he Imperial Gazetteer of India, this single volume has the essence of the whole. |
| fall of mughal empire: Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire Ram Prasad Tripathi, 1960 |
| fall of mughal empire: The Mughal Empire Captivating History, 2020-06-15 The Mughal Empire, also known as the Moghul Empire, lasted for about three centuries, and at its peak, it covered 3.2 million square kilometers, from the outer borders of the Indus Basin in the west to the highlands of Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and from Afghanistan and Kashmir in the north to the Deccan Plateau in the south. |
| fall of mughal empire: Later Mughals William Irvine, 1996 Description: William Irvine's Later Mughals is an outstanding narrative of the period following the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. It covers the period from the time of Bahadur Shah I, who ascended the Mughal throne in 1707 and continued to rule till 1738, when Muhammad Shah became the emperor. The tumultuous period between the years 1738-39 when Nadir Shah invaded India and occupied Delhi after defeating Muhammad Shah has also been inducted in order to complete the survey of this important phase of Indian history. Planned on a grand scale, the present work is based entirely on the original Persian and other contemporary sources besides the mass of information gathered from the East India records of the Dutch, French and Portuguese governments as well as the Christian Missions of the East. The outcome of this painstaking research, Later Mughals, however, could be continued only up to 1739, even though Irvine had planned to cover the entire rule of the later Mughals. In the first of the two volumes, Irvine covers the period from Bahadur Shah, who ascended the Mughal throne in 1707, to the brief rule of Rafi-ud-darzat and Rafi-ud-daulah and the death of the latter in September 1719. The second volume deals with the period beginning with accession of Muhammad Shah to the throne; in the final chapters the events connected with the rise and progress of Nadir Shah and his departure from Delhi have been discussed. The array of details, culled from various sources, have been presented by William Irvine with objectivity and scholarship. It is thus a permanent source-book for the history of the later Mughal rulers. It embodies the varied information provided by the various contemporary sources which Irvine verified and supplemented by carefully sifting the information from the accounts of individual travellers and writers. |
| fall of mughal empire: A Short History of Aurangzib Sir Jadunath Sarkar, 2009 This book is an abridged version of the unrivalled five-volume History of Aurangzib by Sir Jadunath Sarkar. It contains one half of the material of the original work. Yet, the author, who himself shortened it, has not compromised on the essential aspects of this history practically the history of India for sixty year. Aurangzib s career prior to his accession has been skillfully compressed while significant events during his reign have been dealt with in detail. This concise edition, written in an inimitable style, will continue to be a valuable resource for students and scholars of medieval Indian history. |
| fall of mughal empire: City of My Heart , 2018-09-18 Dilli, Hindustan ka Dil... Through nuanced translations of four Urdu narratives spanning the period of turmoil that led to the Revolt of 1857, and culminated in the fall of the Mughal Empire, this compelling volume reveals the tragic and affecting story of a royalty in decline. Vividly documenting the twilight years of not just a historical era but also an entire way of life, these first-hand accounts – gleaned from princes and paupers alike – provide rare insight into how the royals and their subjects experienced life on either side of the cataclysm. Tales of suffering describe the perfidy of the British and the plight of the last royals as they are disbanded and pushed into dire poverty; livelier accounts of fealty and treachery detail palace intrigues; and nostalgic reminiscences recreate the days of past glory and communal comity – of feasting and festivals, and shared faith and devotion. An intimate chronicle of a crucial era in India’s history, City of My Heart is the saga of a changing city and a people experiencing the end of life as they know it. |
| fall of mughal empire: Empire of the Moghul Alex Rutherford, 2010-01-01 The second enthralling installment in Alex Rutherford's Empire of the Moghul series. 1530, Agra, Northern India. Humayun, the newly-crowned second Moghul Emperor, is a fortunate man. His father, Babur, has bequeathed him wealth, glory and an empire which stretches a thousand miles south from the Khyber pass; he must now build on his legacy, and make the Moghuls worthy of their forebear, Tamburlaine. But, unbeknown to him, Humayun is already in grave danger. His half-brothers are plotting against him; they doubt that he has the strength, the will, the brutality needed to command the Moghul armies and lead them to still-greater glories. Perhaps they are right. Soon Humayun will be locked in a terrible battle: not only for his crown, not only for his life, but for the existence of the very empire itself. |
| fall of mughal empire: Royals and Rebels Priya Atwal, 2021-01-15 In late-eighteenth-century India, the glory of the Mughal emperors was fading, and ambitious newcomers seized power, changing the political map forever. Enter the legendary Maharajah Ranjit Singh, whose Sikh Empire stretched throughout northwestern India into Afghanistan and Tibet. Priya Atwal shines fresh light on this long-lost kingdom, looking beyond its founding father to restore the queens and princes to the story of this empire's spectacular rise and fall. She brings to life a self-made ruling family, inventively fusing Sikh, Mughal and European ideas of power, but eventually succumbing to gendered family politics, as the Sikh Empire fell to its great rival in the new India: the British. Royals and Rebels is a fascinating tale of family, royalty and the fluidity of power, set in a dramatic global era when new stars rose and upstart empires clashed. |
| fall of mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1739-54 Sir Jadunath Sarkar, 1972 |
| fall of mughal empire: Babur Nama: Memories of Babur: V. 1&2 Muhammed Baur Ghazi, 1998-08-01 |
| fall of mughal empire: Fall of the Mughal Empire Jadunath Sarkar, 1934 |
| fall of mughal empire: Indian Summer Alex von Tunzelmann, 2011-07-27 The last days of the British Raj. The end of empire. A love affair between Edwina Mountbatten, wife of the last British viceroy to India, and Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first prime minister. The stroke of midnight on 15 August 1947 liberated 400 million people from the British Empire. With the loss of India, its greatest colony, a nation admitted it was no longer a superpower, and a king ceased to sign himself Rex Imperator. It was one of the defining moments of world history, but it had been brought about by a tiny group of people. Among them were Jawaharlal Nehru, the fiery Indian prime minister with radical plans for a socialist revolution; Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the Muslim leader who would stop at nothing to establish the world’s first modern Islamic state; Mohandas Gandhi, the mystical figure who enthralled a nation; and Louis and Edwina Mountbatten, the glamorous but unlikely couple who had been dispatched to get Britain out of India without delay. Within hours of the midnight chimes, the two new nations of India and Pakistan would descend into anarchy and terror. Nehru, Jinnah, Gandhi and the Mountbattens struggled with public and private turmoil while their dreams of freedom and democracy turned to chaos, bloodshed, genocide and war. Indian Summer depicts the epic sweep of events that ripped apart the greatest empire the world has ever seen, and saw one million people killed and ten million dispossessed. It reveals the secrets of the most powerful players on the world stage: the Cold War conspiracies, the private deals, and the intense and clandestine love affair between the wife of the last viceroy and the first prime minister of free India. |
| fall of mughal empire: Aurangzeb Audrey Truschke, 2018 Aurangzeb Alamgir (r. 1658-1707), the sixth Mughal emperor, is widely reviled in India today. ... While many continue to accept the storyline peddled by colonial-era thinkers--that Aurangzeb, a Muslim, was a Hindu-loathing bigot--there is an untold side to him as a man who strove to be a just, worthy Indian king. |
| fall of mughal empire: The Emperor Who Never Was Supriya Gandhi, 2020-01-07 Dara Shukoh was the heir-apparent to the Mughal throne in 1659, when he was executed by his brother Aurangzeb. Today Dara is lionized in South Asia, while Aurangzeb, who presided over the beginnings of imperial disintegration, is scorned. Supriya Gandhi’s nuanced biography asks whether the story really would have been different with Dara in power. |
Fall (2022 film) - Wikipedia
Fall grossed $7.2 million in the United States and Canada, and $14.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $21.8 million, against a production budget of $3 million. [ 13 ] [ 7 ] In the …
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In 2025, the autumnal (fall) equinox arrives on Monday, September 22, marking the official first day of fall. Here's everything you should know about the fall equinox—plus our favorite fall …
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fall (autumn) runs from September 1 to November 30; and winter runs from December 1 to February 28 (February 29 in a leap year ). In June, the Northern Hemisphere gets more …
