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| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria World Health Organization, 2006 Malaria is an important cause of death and illness in children and adults in tropical countries, and the mortality rate (which is currently estimated at over a million people per year) has risen in recent years, probably due to increasing resistance to antimalarial medicines. Malaria control requires an integrated approach which covers both prevention (including vector control) and treatment with effective antimalarials. This publication sets out guidelines to help formulate policies and protocols for the treatment of malaria based on sound evidence that can be applied effectively in most settings. Chapters cover: treatment objectives, diagnosis of malaria, resistance to antimalarial medicines, antimalarial treatment policy, treatment of uncomplicated and severe P.falciparum malaria, treatment of P.vivax, P.ovale or P.malariae malaria, mixed malaria infections, complex emergency situations and epidemics. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Thyroid Diseases in Pregnancy Fereidoun Azizi, Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani, 2022-06-21 This book provides a comprehensive overview of various thyroid disorders in pregnancy. Merging clinical evidence with their own professional experience, international experts in the field report on novel research and share insights on a broad range of topics, from addressing the normal physiology of the thyroid in pregnancy, to the safe treatment of disorders during pregnancy. Given its scope, the book is chiefly intended for internists, obstetricians, gynecologists, endocrinologists and related sub-specialists; however, it will also benefit general physicians. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Third Edition World Health Organization, 2015-08-13 Malaria remains an important cause of illness and death in children and adults in countries in which it is endemic. Malaria control requires an integrated approach including prevention (primarily vector control) and prompt treatment with effective antimalarial agents. Malaria case management consisting of prompt diagnosis and effective treatment remains a vital component of malaria control and elimination strategies. Since the publication of the first edition of the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria in 2006 and the second edition in 2010 all countries in which P. falciparum malaria is endemic have progressively updated their treatment policy from use of ineffective monotherapy to the currently recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT). This has contributed substantially to current reductions in global morbidity and mortality from malaria. Unfortunately resistance to artemisinins has arisen recently in P. falciparum in South-East Asia which threatens these gains. This third edition of the WHO Guidelines for the treatment of malaria contains updated recommendations based on a firmer evidence base for most antimalarial drugs and in addition include recommendation on the use of drugs to prevent malaria in groups at high risk. The Guidelines provide a framework for designing specific detailed national treatment protocols taking into account local patterns of resistance to antimalarial drugs and health service capacity. It provides recommendations on treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria in all age groups all endemic areas in special populations and several complex situations. In addition on the use of antimalarial drugs as preventive therapy in healthy people living in malaria-endemic areas who are high risk in order to reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria. The Guidelines are designed primarily for policy-makers in ministries of health who formulate country-specific treatment guidelines. Other groups that may find them useful include health professionals and public health and policy specialists that are partners in health or malaria control and the pharmaceutical industry. The treatment recommendations in the main document are brief; for those who wish to study the evidence base in more detail a series of annexes is provided with references to the appropriate sections of the main document. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Prescribing for Elderly Patients Stephen Jackson, Paul Jansen, Arduino Mangoni, 2009-04-22 A guide for doctors to quickly choose the right drugs in the right dose for the most important clinical problems in the elderly Prescribing medications for elderly patients is complex - this book gives clear advice on treatment regimes, drug interactions, adverse effects, and recommended dose changes Provides practical help with the problems that can arise in reaching an accurate diagnosis in the elderly, recommends clear treatment options, lists key drug interactions and side effects, and advises when to amend doses |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Antimicrobial Resistance Multi-Partner Trust Fund annual report 2021 World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Organisation for Animal Health, UN Environment, 2022-06-30 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guide to Standard Floras of the World David G. Frodin, 2001-06-14 This 2001 book provides a selective annotated bibliography of the principal floras and related works of inventory for vascular plants. The second edition was completely updated and expanded to take into account the substantial literature of the late twentieth century, and features a more fully developed review of the history of floristic documentation. The works covered are principally specialist publications such as floras, checklists, distribution atlases, systematic iconographies and enumerations or catalogues, although a relatively few more popularly oriented books are also included. The Guide is organised in ten geographical divisions, with these successively divided into regions and units, each of which is prefaced with a historical review of floristic studies. In addition to the bibliography, the book includes general chapters on botanical bibliography, the history of floras, and general principles and current trends, plus an appendix on bibliographic searching, a lexicon of serial abbreviations, and author and geographical indexes. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Animal Physiotherapy Catherine McGowan, Lesley Goff, 2016-03-21 A thoroughly updated edition of this essential reference guide for physiotherapists and physical therapists, looking to apply the proven benefits of physiotherapy to the treatment of companion and performance animals. Seven new chapters provide greatly expanded coverage of practical treatment and rehabilitation Includes reviews of different physiotherapy techniques, drawing on both human and animal literature Discusses approaches in small animal medicine as well as for elite equine athletes Provides applied evidence-based clinical reasoning model, with case examples Now in full colour with many more illustrations |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Development of Small-Scale Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Projects in East Africa Dennis B. Warner, Carmela Green Abate, 2005-09-21 This document constitutes general technical guidelines for the planning and implementation of small-scale water supply and sanitation activities in rural East Africa, which includes both projects funded under the USAID Title II (Food for Peace) Program and projects funded by other donors. It is intended to assist Catholic Relief Services and its partners in improving the effectiveness, environmental protection and long-term sustainability of water and sanitation activities in the rural, and often food-insecure, areas of East Africa. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Management of Severe Malaria World Health Organization, 2000-04 Malaria continues to be a major health problem in many parts of the world, with over 2,400 million people in 100 countries at risk of infection. This handbook is an updated edition of 'Management of severe and complicated malaria', providing practical guidance on the diagnosis and management of severe falciparum malaria, a form of the disease that can have life-threatening complications if treatment is delayed. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: The Ecology Of Health And Disease In Ethiopia Helmut Kloos, Zein Ahmed Zein, 2019-07-11 This book examines prevailing human health problems in political, socioeconomic, cultural, and physical/biotic settings of health practitioners and planners in Ethiopia. It also evaluates modern and traditional health resources and examines the occurrence of nonvectored communicable diseases. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis World Health Organization, 2015-04-20 This 2011 update of Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis is intended as a tool for use by public health professionals working in response to the Sixty-second World Health Assembly's resolution on prevention and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Resolution WHA62.15, adopted in 2009, calls on Member States to develop a comprehensive framework for the management and care of patients with drug-resistant TB. The recommendations contained in these guidelines address the most topical questions concerning the programmatic management of drug-resistant TB: case-finding, multidrug resistance, treatment regimens, monitoring the response to treatment, and selecting models of care. The guidelines primarily target staff and medical practitioners working in TB treatment and control, and partners and organizations providing technical and financial support for care of drug-resistant TB in settings where resources are limited. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Ethiopian Medical Journal , 2010 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Early Essential Newborn Care WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 2015-04-20 Approximately every two minutes a baby dies in the WHO Western Pacific Region. The majority of newborn deaths occur within the first few days, mostly from preventable causes. The high mortality and morbidity rates among newborns are related to inappropriate hospital and community practices that currently occur throughout the Region. Furthermore, newborn care has fallen into a gap between maternal care and child care. This Guide provides health professionals with a user-friendly, evidence-based protocol to essential newborn care--focusing on the first hours and days of life. The target users are skilled birth attendants including midwives, nurses and doctors, as well as others involved in caring for newborns. This pocket book provides a step-by-step guide to a core package of essential newborn care interventions that can be administered in all health-care settings. It also includes stabilization and referral of sick and preterm newborn infants. Intensive care of newborns is outside the scope of this pocket guide. This clinical practice guide is organized chronologically. It guides health workers through the standard precautions for essential newborn care practices, beginning at the intrapartum period with the process of preparing the delivery area, and emphasizing care practices in the first hours and days of a newborn's life. Each section has a color tab for easy reference. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: API Textbook of Medicine (Volume I & II) YP Munjal, Yash Pal Munjal, 2015-08-30 This is the tenth edition of the authoritative API Textbook of Medicine, completely revised, updated and expanded, with 28 brand new chapters. The textbook is comprised of two volumes, divided into 29 sections. Beginning with an introduction to the practice of medicine, and a disease profile and epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases, each subsequent section covers a separate medical specialty. The second section on ‘Clinical Approach to Key Manifestation’ has been expanded with six new chapters, including the appropriate selection of imaging modalities. Other new topics in this edition include advanced cardiac life support system, life-style changes in the management of diabetes, diabetes in the elderly, prevention of cardiovascular disease, acute and chronic pancreatitis, and tumours of the liver. Chapters on chronic and sleep-related pulmonary disorders have been completely re-written to highlight their increased prevalence, and a new chapter on pulmonary rehabilitation has been added. An entirely new section on the ‘Future of Medicine’ including regenerative medicine, nanotechnology and nanomedicine, robotic surgery, and an introduction to ‘space medicine’, brings the API Textbook of Medicine to its conclusion. With 1090 full colour images and illustrations, spanning over 3000 pages, this all-encompassing textbook is a comprehensive guide to the practice of medicine, brought fully up-to-date for physicians, surgeons and post-graduate medical students. Key Points New edition of this comprehensive, two volume textbook Fully revised, updated and expanded with 28 new chapters New section on the future of medicine 1090 full colour images and illustrations Previous edition published 2012 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV World Health Organization, 2017-02-20 he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: WHO guideline on self-care interventions for health and well-being World Health Organization, 2021-07-31 Self-care interventions are among the most promising and exciting new approaches to improve health and well-being, both from a health systems perspective and for people who use these interventions. The World Health Organization (WHO) uses the following working definition of self-care: Self-care is the ability of individuals, families and communities to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, and cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a health worker. The scope of self-care as described in this definition includes health promotion; disease prevention and control; self-medication; providing care to dependent persons; seeking hospital/specialist/primary care if necessary; and rehabilitation, including palliative care. It includes a range of self-care modes and approaches. While this is a broad definition that includes many activities, it is important for health policy to recognize the importance of self-care, especially where it intersects with health systems and health professionals. Worldwide, an estimated shortage of 18 million health workers is anticipated by 2030, a record 130 million people are currently in need of humanitarian assistance, and disease outbreaks are a constant global threat. At least 400 million people worldwide lack access to the most essential health services, and every year 100 million people are plunged into poverty because they have to pay for health care out of their own pockets. There is an urgent need to find innovative strategies that go beyond the conventional health sector response. While self-care is not a new term or concept, self-care interventions have the potential to increase choice, when they are accessible and affordable, and they can also provide more opportunities for individuals to make informed decisions regarding their health and health care. In humanitarian settings, for example, due to lack of or limited health infrastructure and medical services in the crisis-affected areas, self-care could play an important role to improve health-related outcomes. Self-care also builds upon existing movements, such as task sharing, which are powerful strategies to support health systems. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection WHO, World Health Organization, 2015-01-15 BACKGROUND: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), defined as a state of persistent immune response to prior-acquired Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens without evidence of clinically manifested active TB, affects about one-third of the world's population. Approximately 10% of people with LTBI will develop active TB disease in their lifetime, with the majority developing it within the first five years after initial infection. Currently available treatments have an efficacy ranging from 60% to 90%. Systematic testing and treatment of LTBI in at-risk populations is a critical component of WHO's eight-point framework adapted from the End TB Strategy to target pre-elimination and, ultimately, elimination in low incidence countries. OVERVIEW: Recognizing the importance of expanding the response to LTBI, in 2014 WHO developed Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. The guidelines are primarily targeted at high-income or upper middle-income countries with an estimated TB incidence rate of less than 100 per 100 000 population, because they are most likely to benefit from it due to their current TB epidemiology and resource availability. The overall objective of the guidelines is to provide public health approach guidance on evidence-based practices for testing, treating and managing LTBI in individuals with the highest risk of progression to active disease. Specific objectives include identifying and prioritizing at-risk population groups for targeted intervention of LTBI testing and treatment, including defining an algorithm, and recommending specific treatment options. The guidelines are expected to provide the basis and rationale for the development of national guidelines for LTBI management based on available resources, epidemiology of TB including intensity of transmission, the health-care delivery system of the country, and other national and local determinants. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Diagnosis of Mycobacterium Amit Singh, Divakar Sharma, 2023-11-14 This book covers all the aspects related to the laboratory diagnosis of Mycobacterium. Laboratory diagnosis includes microscopic to advance molecular diagnosis. Moreover, it deals with the methods used to detect antimycobacterial susceptibility tests and drug resistance. Chapters cover most potential methods and techniques from traditional to advanced future diagnostics for identifying tuberculosis, NTM, and latent TB infections. Also discussed the challenges and opportunities in the diagnostic science of infectious disease. This book offers assistance to students, postgraduate medical students, researchers, medical practitioners, postdoctoral fellows, microbiologists, nurses, and public health officers working in tuberculosis control programs to understand various modalities for diagnosis and drug-resistance tuberculosis. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Prevention Care and Treatment of Persons with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection WHO., World Health Organization, 2015 These are the first World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for theprevention care and treatment of persons living with CHB infection andcomplement similar recent published guidance by WHO on the prevention care and treatment of infection due to the hepatitis C virus (HCV). In contrastto several recent international guidelines on the management of CHB infectionfrom the United States Europe Asia-Pacific and the United Kingdom (UK) theprimary audience for these WHO guidelines is country programme managers inall settings but particularly in LMICs to help plan the development and scale up. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines for the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances World Health Organization, 1984 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Veterinary Public Health: Veterinary Medicine’s Current Challenges in a Globalised World Diana Meemken, Ivan Nastasijevic, Reinhard Fries, Suporn Thongyuan, 2025-03-21 The transfer of zoonotic agents leading to diseases and epidemics is well known, as well as the role played by human activity in the transmission of such agents. Veterinary Public Health (VPH) has an essential role keeping transmissible diseases under control and it involves different disciplines and the application of different techniques. VPH has generally a local and regional focus in sample collection. Disease’s detection may be limited to specific areas. Despite this aspect of VPH, the importance of exchanging data, discoveries and information cannot be overlooked due to the everchanging landscape in global trade, transboundary diseases and extended animal movements. On a local scale VPH needs often to face different challenges, starting with the infrastructures for live stocks down to optimization, using new technologies as Artificial Intelligence. There are instances where veterinary services are not readily available and temporary solutions need to be found as for example paraveterinary services. The latter should be guaranteed by adequate professional training along the different stages of, as an example, the food chain production. Given the transboundary nature of zoonotic agents and diseases in the last decades, the One-Health approach has emerged as a new and holistic approach to incorporate the different facets of Veterinary Science. To strengthen this approach, veterinary training should eventually dedicate more attention to public health and to preventive measures of zoonosis and epidemics. This renewed focus will also have the additional benefit of defining more clearly the discipline of VPH. Human Public Health, with the same philosophy, should include the animal ecosphere, emerging diseases and zoonoses, focusing on the ‘Human-Animal Interface’. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Promoting Safety of Medicines for Children World Health Organization, 2007 Monitoring the safety of medicine use in children is of paramount importance since during the clinical development of medicines only limited data on this aspect are generated through clinical trials. Use of medicines outside the specifications described in the license (e.g. in terms of formulation indications contraindications or age) constitutes off-label and off-license use and these are a major area of concern. These guidelines are intended to improve awareness of medicine safety issues among everyone who has an interest in the safety of medicines in children and to provide guidance on effective systems for monitoring medicine safety in pediatric populations. This book will be of interest to all health care professionals medicine regulatory authorities pharmacovigilance centres academia the pharmaceutical industry and policy-makers. Systems for monitoring medicine safety are described in Annex 1. Pharmacovigilance methods and some examples of recent information on adverse reactions to marketed medicines are discussed in Annex 2. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Collecting Qualitative Data Greg Guest, Emily E. Namey, Marilyn L. Mitchell, 2013 Provides a very practical and step-by-step guide to collecting and managing qualitative data, |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Global Tuberculosis Report 2017 World Health Organization, 2017-12-13 WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic and of progress in care and prevention at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of recommended global TB strategies and associated targets, and broader development goals. For the period 2016-2035, these are WHO's End TB Strategy and the United Nations' (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which share a common aim: to end the global TB epidemic. The main data sources for the report are annual rounds of global TB data collection implemented by WHO's Global TB Program since 1995 and databases maintained by other WHO departments, UNAIDS and the World Bank. In WHO's 2017 round of global TB data collection, 201 countries and territories that account for over 99% of the world's population and TB cases reported data. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: What Constitutes an Effective and Efficient Package of Services for the Prevention Diagnosis Treatment and Care of Tuberculosis Among Refugees and Migrants in the WHO European Region? Who Regional Office for Europe, 2018-06-28 The WHO European Region has faced high rates of external and internal migration in recent years, with concerns that this is contributing to the burden of tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and TB/HIV coinfection in some countries. This report examines evidence of effective and efficient service packages for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of TB to inform strategies to address the TB burden in refugee and migrant populations. Significant regional variations were identified in both migration levels and TB burden in refugees and migrants, as well as in approaches to TB control, with low quality of evidence in many cases. While it is unlikely that a single strategy/package will be effective for all situations, the evidence highlights some common approaches that could guide policy-making and service development. TB elimination targets for the Region will not be met unless inequalities in access to screening and treatment for migrants are addressed, alongside efforts to tackle TB globally. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Gravel Roads Ken Skorseth, 2000 The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been more of an art than a science and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Drugs and the Liver Penny North-Lewis, 2008 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Global Tuberculosis Report 2012 World Health Organization, 2012 The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2012 provides the latest information and analysis about the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic and progress in TB care and control at global, regional and country levels. It is based primarily on data reported by WHO's Member States in annual rounds of global TB data collection. In 2012, 182 Member States and a total of 204 countries and territories that collectively have more than 99% of the world's TB cases reported data.--Executive summary, p. 1 |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Equine Neck and Back Pathology Frances M. D. Henson, 2018-02-05 A unique reference dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of problems of the equine neck and back Building on the strength of the first edition, Equine Neck and Back Pathology: Diagnosis and Treatment, Second Edition explores conditions and problems of the horse’s back and pelvis, and has been expanded to include coverage of the neck as well. This book is a vital tool for all those engaged in improving the diagnosis and management of horses with neck or back problems. The only book devoted to the conditions and problems of the equine neck, back and pelvis, it provides comprehensive coverage by international specialists on how to diagnose and treat problems in these areas. This updated and revised edition covers normal anatomy and kinematics, neck and back pathology, diagnosis and treatment of specific conditions, and complementary therapy and rehabilitation. Equine Neck and Back Pathology: Diagnosis and Treatment, Second Edition is a valuable working resource for equine practitioners, specialists in equine surgery, veterinary nurses and allied professionals involved in treating horses. It is also an excellent supplementary text for veterinary students with a keen interest in horses. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: A Complete Guide to Maggot Therapy Frank Stadler, 2022-07-20 Since the revival of maggot therapy in Western wound care approximately thirty years ago, there has been no comprehensive synthesis of what is known about its clinical practice, supply chain management, and social dimensions. This edited volume fills the information vacuum and, importantly, makes the current state of knowledge freely accessible. It is the first to provide sound, evidence-based information and guidance covering the entire supply chain from production to treatment. The chapters are arranged in five parts presenting the latest on clinical practice, the principles of therapeutic action, medicinal maggot production, distribution logistics, and the ethical dimensions of maggot therapy. The contributors have paid particular attention to the challenges encountered in compromised, low-resource healthcare settings such as disasters, conflict, and poverty. There are still many barriers to the widespread uptake of maggot therapy in healthcare settings. This book will be essential reading for a global audience of doctors, nurses, allied healthcare providers, students, and entrepreneurs with an interest in maggot-assisted wound care. It will be the go-to reference for those who plan, regulate, and coordinate healthcare, and want to establish a maggot therapy program, particularly in low- and middle-income and other compromised healthcare settings where maggot therapy can provide much-needed, affordable, and efficacious wound care. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Crossing the Global Quality Chasm National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Board on Global Health, Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally, 2019-01-27 In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Emergency Triage Assessment and Treatment (ETAT) World Health Organization, 2005 The Manual for participants is also available separately (ISBN 9241546875) |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: The Book of Hermits Robert Rodriguez, 2021-10 A history of hermits and eremitism from antiquity to the present: Greco-Roman influences, early Christianity, hermits in medieval Europe and East Asia, decline in Western modernity, the rise of solitude, and rehabilitation of hermits. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: WHO Housing and Health Guidelines , 2018 Improved housing conditions can save lives, prevent disease, increase quality of life, reduce poverty, and help mitigate climate change. Housing is becoming increasingly important to health in light of urban growth, ageing populations and climate change. The WHO Housing and health guidelines bring together the most recent evidence to provide practical recommendations to reduce the health burden due to unsafe and substandard housing. Based on newly commissioned systematic reviews, the guidelines provide recommendations relevant to inadequate living space (crowding), low and high indoor temperatures, injury hazards in the home, and accessibility of housing for people with functional impairments. In addition, the guidelines identify and summarize existing WHO guidelines and recommendations related to housing, with respect to water quality, air quality, neighbourhood noise, asbestos, lead, tobacco smoke and radon. The guidelines take a comprehensive, intersectoral perspective on the issue of housing and health and highlight co-benefits of interventions addressing several risk factors at the same time. The WHO Housing and health guidelines aim at informing housing policies and regulations at the national, regional and local level and are further relevant in the daily activities of implementing actors who are directly involved in the construction, maintenance and demolition of housing in ways that influence human health and safety. The guidelines therefore emphasize the importance of collaboration between the health and other sectors and joint efforts across all government levels to promote healthy housing. The guidelines' implementation at country-level will in particular contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals on health (SDG 3) and sustainable cities (SDG 11). WHO will support Member States in adapting the guidelines to national contexts and priorities to ensure safe and healthy housing for all. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Colonialism in Africa 1870-1960: Volume 5, A Bibliographic Guide to Colonialism in Sub-Saharan Africa L. H. Gann, Peter Duignan, 1969 A comprehensive study of recent African history, examining the political, social, and economic effects of colonialism. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection World Health Organization, 2016 These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level World Health Organization, 2017-01-31 Health care-associated infections (HAI) are one of the most common adverse events in care delivery and a major public health problem with an impact on morbidity, mortality and quality of life. At any one time, up to 7% of patients in developed and 10% in developing countries will acquire at least one HAI. These infections also present a significant economic burden at the societal level. However, a large percentage are preventable through effective infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. These new guidelines on the core components of IPC programmes at the national and facility level will enhance the capacity of Member States to develop and implement effective technical and behaviour modifying interventions. They form a key part of WHO strategies to prevent current and future threats from infectious diseases such as Ebola, strengthen health service resilience, help combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and improve the overall quality of health care delivery. They are also intended to support countries in the development of their own national protocols for IPC and AMR action plans and to support health care facilities as they develop or strengthen their own approaches to IPC. These are the first international evidence-based guidelines on the core components of IPC programmes. These new WHO guidelines are applicable for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: A Christian’s Guide through the Gender Revolution Vincent E. Gil, 2020-12-22 Contemporary questions about gender challenge our views of ourselves and the proverbial other. In this meticulously researched, well-written, and illuminating guide, Vincent Gil unpacks elements involved in gender-identity conflicts and intersexuality. At the heart of the matter are real people, not just issues. Drawing on histories culled from his many years as counselor, professor, and researcher, Gil explores gender and identity, issues of conflict, and of reconciliation. He distinguishes biological and psychological elements from social issues, and addresses the current movement of gender individuation, its language idioms, and its influences on gender ideology and theology. He also provides an engaging theological discourse, filling gaps in our understanding of procreation to better inform our theology of being. The work assists Christian parents, clergy, and lay leaders by working through the tough questions. It suggests means to engage, counsel, support, and reconcile with those gender-questioning or conflicted, be they children, adolescents, or adults. |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Design and Implementation of Health Information Systems World Health Organization Staff, World Health Organization, 2000 This book provides a practical guide to the design and implementation of health information systems in developing countries. Noting that most existing systems fail to deliver timely, reliable, and relevant information, the book responds to the urgent need to restructure systems and make them work as both a resource for routine decisions and a powerful tool for improving health services. With this need in mind, the authors draw on their extensive personal experiences to map out strategies, pinpoint common pitfalls, and guide readers through a host of conceptual and technical options. Information needs at all levels - from patient care to management of the national health system - are considered in this comprehensive guide. Recommended lines of action are specific to conditions seen in government-managed health systems in the developing world. In view of common constraints on time and resources, the book concentrates on strategies that do not require large resources, highly trained staff, or complex equipment. Throughout the book, case studies and numerous practical examples are used to explore problems and illustrate solutions. Details range from a list of weaknesses that plague most existing systems, through advice on when to introduce computers and how to choose appropriate software and hardware, to the hotly debated question of whether patient records should be kept by the patient or filed at the health unit. The book has fourteen chapters presented in four parts. Chapters in the first part, on information for decision-making, explain the potential role of health information as a managerial tool, consider the reasons why this potential is rarely realized, and propose general approaches for reform which have proved successful in several developing countries. Presentation of a six-step procedure for restructuring information systems, closely linked to an organizational model of health services, is followed by a practical discussion of the decision-making process. Reasons for the failure of most health information to influence decisions are also critically assessed. Against this background, the second and most extensive part provides a step-by-step guide to the restructuring of information systems aimed at improving the quality and relevance of data and ensuring their better use in planning and management. Steps covered include the identification of information needs and indicators, assessment of the existing system, and the collection of both routine and non-routine data using recommended procedures and instruments. Chapters also offer advice on procedures for data transmission and processing, and discuss the requirements of systems designed to collect population-based community information. Resource needs and technical tools are addressed in part three. A comprehensive overview of the resource base - from staff and training to the purchase and maintenance of equipment - is followed by chapters offering advice on the introduction of computerized systems in developing countries, and explaining the many applications of geographic information systems. Practical advice on how to restructure a health information system is provided in the final part, which considers how different interest groups can influence the design and implementation of a new system, and proposes various design options for overcoming specific problems. Experiences from several developing countries are used to illustrate strategies and designs in terms of those almost certain to fail and those that have the greatest chances of success |
| ethiopian standard treatment guideline: Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing Countries World Bank, 2009 Strategies to Improve Health Services in LMICs synthesizes research evidence and knowledge of implementation processes, enabling and inhibiting factors, to assist policy makers, managers and others to address the practical yet complex application of strategies to improve health services in LMICs. |
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Ethiopia - Wikipedia
Ethiopia, [c] officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to …
Ethiopia | People, Flag, Religion, Language, Capital, Map ...
6 days ago · Ethiopia, landlocked country on the Horn of Africa. The country lies completely within the tropical latitudes and is relatively compact, with similar north-south and east-west …
Ethiopia country profile - BBC News
Jan 2, 2024 · Ethiopia is Africa's oldest independent country and its second largest in terms of population. Apart from a five-year occupation by Mussolini's Italy, it has never been colonised.
Ethiopian Culture, Traditions, Food, Music and Traditional ...
Ethiopian culture, deeply rooted in its storied past and vibrant present, defines Ethiopia as much as its breathtaking landscapes and historical significance. Known as the “Land of Origins,” this …
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A Brief Ethiopian History | Royal ... - Royal Ethiopian Trust
Explore the intertwined history of Ethiopia and the Ethiopian Crown Council, a narrative steeped in rich heritage and enduring traditions.
Ethiopia - New World Encyclopedia
Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country situated in the Horn of Africa. It has one of the most extensive known histories as an independent nation on the …
Ethiopians - Wikipedia
Ethiopians are the native inhabitants of Ethiopia, as well as the global diaspora of Ethiopia. Ethiopians constitute several component ethnic groups, many of which are closely related to …
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Fly to 125+ destinations worldwide with Ethiopian Airlines. Discover our award-winning services, comfortable …
Ethiopia - Wikipedia
Ethiopia, [c] officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the …
Ethiopia | People, Flag, Religion, Language, Capital, M…
6 days ago · Ethiopia, landlocked country on the Horn of Africa. The country lies completely within the …
Ethiopia country profile - BBC News
Jan 2, 2024 · Ethiopia is Africa's oldest independent country and its second largest in terms of population. Apart …
Ethiopian Culture, Traditions, Food, Music and Traditional ...
Ethiopian culture, deeply rooted in its storied past and vibrant present, defines Ethiopia as much as its …
