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| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Animals Pat Willmer, Graham Stone, Ian Johnston, 2004-06-01 Presents a comprehensive overview of the comparative physiology of animals within an environmental context. This title includes chapters on Nerves and Muscles and the Endocrine System. It discusses both comparative systems physiology and environmental physiology. It also examines mechanisms and responses beyond physiology. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians Martin E. Feder, Warren W. Burggren, 1992-10-15 Through its emphasis on recent research, its many summary tables, and its bibliography of more than 4,000 entries, this first modern, synthetic treatment of comparative amphibian environmental physiology emerges as the definitive reference for the field. Forty internationally respected experts review the primary data, examine current research trends, and identify productive avenues for future research. |
| environmental physiology: Research Methods of Environmental Physiology in Aquatic Sciences Kunshan Gao, David A. Hutchins, John Beardall, 2020-12-21 This book presents methods for investigating the effects of aquatic environmental changes on organisms and the mechanisms involved. It focuses mainly on photosynthetic organisms, but also provides methods for virus, zooplankton and other animal studies. Also including a comprehensive overview of the current methods in the fields of aquatic physiology, ecology, biochemistry and molecular approaches, including the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the book is a valuable guide for young researchers in marine or aquatic sciences studying the physiological processes associated with chemical and physical environmental changes. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Plants Alastair Fitter, Robert K. M. Hay, 1987 Plant growth; The influence of the environment; Population responses; Adaptability and adaptedness; The acquisition of resources; Energy and carbon; Mineral nutrients; Water; Responses to environmental stress; Temperature; Ionic toxicity; Gaseous toxicity; Interactions between organisms; An ecological perspective. |
| environmental physiology: Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology Stephen S. Cheung, Philip N. Ainslie, 2022 Short, factual description of the book (summary of what it includes, without subjective or promotional language.) This book, for upper undergraduate and graduate students and professionals in the field, is used to provide an overview of how the environment impacts exercise-- |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Plant Physiology Neil Willey, 2015-12-09 Environmental Plant Physiology focuses on the physiology of plant-environment interactions, revealing plants as the key terrestrial intersection of the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. It provides a contemporary understanding of the topic by focusing on some of humankind's fundamental biological, agricultural and environmental challenges. Its chapters identify thirteen key environmental variables, grouping them into resources, stressors and pollutants, and leading the reader through how they challenge plants and how plants respond at molecular, physiological, whole plant and ecological levels. The importance of taking account of spatial and temporal dimensions of environmental change in order to understand plant function is emphasised. The book uses a mixture of ecological, environmental and agricultural examples throughout in order to provide a holistic view of the topic suitable for a contemporary student audience. Each chapter uses a novel stress response hierarchy to integrate plant responses across spatial and temporal scales in an easily digestible framework. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Marine Animals W. B. Vernberg, F. J. Vernberg, 2012-12-06 Within recent years man has become increasingly aware of the disastrous environmental changes that he has introduced, and therefore society is now more concerned about understanding the adaptations organisms have evolved in order to survive and flourish in their environment. Because much of the information pertaining to this subject is scattered in various journals or special symposia proceedings, our purpose in writing this book is to bring together in a college-and graduate-student text the principal concepts of the environmental physiology of the animals that inhabit one of the major realms of the earth, the sea. Our book is not meant to be a definitive treatise on the physiological adap tation of the animals that inhabit the marine environment. Instead, we have tried to highlight some of the physiological mechanisms through which these animals have been able to meet the challenges of their environment. We have not written this book for anyone particular scientific discipline; rather, we hope that it will have an interdisciplinary appeal. It is meant to be both a reference text and a text for teaching senior undergraduate and graduate courses in marine biology, physiological ecology of marine animals, and envi ronmental physiology of marine animals. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Livestock R. J. Collier, J. L. Collier, 2012-02-07 Environmental stress is one of the most significant factors affecting livestock performance and health, and it is only expected to increase with effects of global warming. Environmental Physiology of Livestock brings together the latest research on environmental physiology, summarizing progress in the field and providing directions for future research. Recent developments in estimating heat stress loads are discussed, as well as key studies in metabolism, reproduction, and genetic expressions. Environmental Physiology of Livestock begins with a survey of current heat indexing tools, highlighting recent discoveries in animal physiology, changes in productivity levels, and new technologies available to better estimate stress response. Using this synopsis as a point of orientation, later chapters hone in on major effects of heat stress, including changing metabolic pathways and nutrient requirements, endocrine regulation of acclimation to environmental stress, and reduced reproductive performance. The text concludes with a thorough discussion of environmental effects on gene expressions, providing important insight for future breeding practices. Environmental Physiology of Livestock is a globally contributed volume and a key resource for animal science researchers, geneticists, and breeders. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Animals Pat Willmer, Graham Stone, Ian Johnston, 2009-03-12 The new and updated edition of this accessible text provides a comprehensive overview of the comparative physiology of animals within an environmental context. Includes two brand new chapters on Nerves and Muscles and the Endocrine System. Discusses both comparative systems physiology and environmental physiology. Analyses and integrates problems and adaptations for each kind of environment: marine, seashore and estuary, freshwater, terrestrial and parasitic. Examines mechanisms and responses beyond physiology. Applies an evolutionary perspective to the analysis of environmental adaptation. Provides modern molecular biology insights into the mechanistic basis of adaptation, and takes the level of analysis beyond the cell to the membrane, enzyme and gene. Incorporates more varied material from a wide range of animal types, with less of a focus purely on terrestrial reptiles, birds and mammals and rather more about the spectacularly successful strategies of invertebrates. A companion site for this book with artwork for downloading is available at: www.blackwellpublishing.com/willmer/ |
| environmental physiology: Textbook of Environmental Physiology George Edgar Folk, 1974 First edition published in 1966 under title: Introduction to environmental physiology. |
| environmental physiology: Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology Park S. Nobel, 2005-01-24 Physiology, which is the study of the function of cells, organs, and organisms, derives from the Latin physiologia, which in turn comes from the Greek physi- or physio-, a prefix meaning natural, and logos, meaning reason or thought. Thus physiology suggests natural science and is now a branch of biology dealing with processes and activities that are characteristic of living things. Physicochemical relates to physical and chemical properties, and Environmental refers to topics such as solar irradiation and wind. Plant indicates the main focus of this book, but the approach, equations developed, and appendices apply equalIy welI to animaIs and other organisms. We wilI specificalIy consider water relations, solute transport, photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, and environmental interactions. A physiologist endeavors to understand such topics in physical and chemical terms; accurate models can then be constructed and responses to the internal and the external environment can be predicted. Elementary chemistry, physics, and mathematics are used to develop concepts that are key to under-standing biology -the intent is to provide a rigorous development, not a compendium of facts. References provide further details, although in some cases the enunciated principIes carry the reader to the forefront of current research. Calculations are used to indicate the physiological consequences of the various equations, and problems at the end of chapters provide further such exercises. Solutions to alI of the problems are provided, and the appendixes have a large tist of values for constants and conversion factors at various temperatures. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology and Biochemistry of Insects K. H. Hoffmann, 2012-12-06 Of all the zoological classes the insects are the most numerous in species and the most varied in structure. Estimates of the number 18 of species vary from 1 to 10 million, and 10 individuals are es timated to be alive at any given moment. In their evolution, in sects are relatively ancient and, therefore, they have proved to be a phenomenally successful biological design which has survived unchanged in its basic winged form during the last 300 m. y. In sects were the first small animals to colonize the land with full suc cess. Their small size opened many more ecological niches to them and permitted a greater diversification than the vertebrates. What is it about this design that has made insects so successful in habitats stretching from arid deserts to the Arctic and Antarctic and from freshwater brooks to hot springs and salines? Is it due to the adapta bility of their behavior, physiology, and biochemistry to changing environmental conditions? Three features of insects are of particular importance in determin ing their physiological relationship with the environment: their small size, as mentioned above, the impermeability and rigidity of their exoskeleton, and their poikilothermy. Of course, as with any other animals, the insects' success in its environment depends on its ability to maintain its internal state within certain tolerable limits of temperature, osmotic pressure, pH or oxygen concentra tion (homoeostasis). |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology Robin Harding, 2004 Our understanding of animal physiology has changed radically in recent years. In addition to the major advances in laboratory techniques, technological developments have enabled researchers to study physiological variables in free-living animals rather than just in laboratory experiments, and this has changed the emphasis of many investigations. The study of animals in their undisturbed state has been variously referred to as 'whole-animal physiology', 'physiological ecology' or 'environmental physiology'. However, developments in other disciplines within the Life Sciences have had an impact on physiology too, particularly the new techniques in molecular biology. Now it is becoming possible to study not only the small but significant differences in physiology that exist within and between species, but also to understand what processes and genes underlie these differences and how they might have evolved. So the study of animal physiology now crosses a range of disciplines, including evolutionary biology and genetics.In this book you will study animal physiology in an integrated way. The book emphasizes the links between disciplines and demonstrates that integrative physiology is more than just comparisons between species. |
| environmental physiology: Human Physiology in Extreme Environments Hanns-Christian Gunga, 2014-11-26 Human Physiology in Extreme Environments is the one publication that offers how human biology and physiology is affected by extreme environments while highlighting technological innovations that allow us to adapt and regulate environments. Covering a broad range of extreme environments, including high altitude, underwater, tropical climates, and desert and arctic climates as well as space travel, this book will include case studies for practical application. Graduate students, medical students and researchers will find Human Physiology in Extreme Environments an interesting, informative and useful resource for human physiology, environmental physiology and medical studies. - Presents human physiological challenges in Extreme Environments combined in one single resource - Provides an excellent source of information regarding paleontological and anthropological aspects - Offers practical medical and scientific use of current concepts |
| environmental physiology: Handbook of Environmental Physiology of Fruit Crops Bruce Schaffer, Peter C. Andersen, 2018-05-04 These exciting new companion handbooks are the only ones of their kind devoted solely to the effects of environmental variables on the physiology of the world's major fruit and nut crops. Their cosmopolitan scope includes chapters on tropical and temperate zone species written by scientists from several continents. The influence of environmental factors, such as irradiance, temperature, water and salinity on plant physiology and on vegetative and reproductive growth, is comprehensively discussed for each crop. In addition to being a thorough and up-to-date set of textbooks, the organzation of the two volumes makes them an excellent reference tool. Each chapter focuses on a single crop, or a group of genetically or horticulturally related crop, and is appropriately divided into subsections that address individual environmental factors. Some chapters emphasize whole-plant physiology and plant growth and development, while other chapters feature theoretical aspects of plant physiology. Several chapters provide botanical background discussions to enhance understanding of the crop's response to its environment. |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Mammals Philip C. Withers, Christine E. Cooper, Shane K. Maloney, Francisco Bozinovic, Ariovaldo P. Cruz Neto, 2016-11-10 Mammals are the so-called pinnacle group of vertebrates, successfully colonising virtually all terrestrial environments as well as the air (bats) and sea (especially pinnipeds and cetaceans). How mammals function and survive in these diverse environments has long fascinated mammologists, comparative physiologists and ecologists. Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Mammals explores the physiological mechanisms and evolutionary necessities that have made the spectacular adaptation of mammals possible. It summarises our current knowledge of the complex and sophisticated physiological approaches that mammals have for survival in a wide variety of ecological and environmental contexts: terrestrial, aerial, and aquatic. The authors have a strong comparative and quantitative focus in their broad approach to exploring mammal ecophysiology. As with other books in the Ecological and Environmental Physiology Series, the emphasis is on the unique physiological characteristics of mammals, their adaptations to extreme environments, and current experimental techniques and future research directions are also considered. This accessible text is suitable for graduate level students and researchers in the fields of mammalian comparative physiology and physiological ecology, including specialist courses in mammal ecology. It will also be of value and use to the many professional mammologists requiring a concise overview of the topic. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology F. Obál, G. Benedek, 2013-10-22 Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 18: Environmental Physiology covers the physiological mechanisms in living organisms. This book discusses the circadian system properties and the control of secretion in reptilian salt glands. This book deals first with the central neural substrates for osmoregulation in the mammal; properties of the body fluids affecting basal salt gland secretion and urine formation in birds; properties of sleep-promoting factor S derived from human urine; and interrelation between sleep and temperature regulation. Other chapters present an introduction to hormonal and pharmacological aspects in exercise physiology, as well as the physiological responses during sustained isomeric contractions. These topics are followed by a discussion on the mechanism of exercise, nutrition, and growth. The last chapters are devoted to the oxytocin influences on the central nervous system of healthy young men. These chapters also describe drug metabolism in athletes. The book can provide useful information to veterinarians, scientists, students, and researchers. |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Insects Jon F. Harrison, H. Arthur Woods, Stephen P. Roberts, 2012-01-26 They play critical roles in ecological food webs, remain devastating agricultural and medical pests, and represent the most diverse group of eukaryotes in terms of species numbers. |
| environmental physiology: Handbook of Physiology: Environmental physiology. (2 v.) , 1996 |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Plants Alastair H. Fitter, Robert K.M. Hay, 2012-12-02 This is the third edition of an established and successful university textbook. The original structure and philosophy of the book continue in this new edition, providing a genuine synthesis of modern ecological and physiological thinking, while entirely updating the detailed content. New features include a fresh, unified treatment of toxicity, emphasizing common features of plant response to ionic, gaseous, and other toxins, explicit treatment of issues relating to global change, and a section on the role of fire in plant physiology and communities. The illustrations in the text are improved over previous editions, including color plates for the first time, and the authors' continuing commitment to providing wide citation of the relevant literature has further improved the reference list. This revision of Environmental Physiology of Plants will ensure the reputation of this title as a useful and relevant text well into the 21st century. - Includes enhanced illustrations, now with color plates - Examines new molecular approaches which can be harnessed to solve problems in physiology - Features new topics such as the unified treatment of toxicity, an explicit treatment of the issues relating to global change, and a section on the role of fire |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Fishes Brian Eddy, Richard D. Handy, 2012-05-03 Fish have evolved to colonise almost every type of aquatic habitat and today they are a hugely diverse group of over 25,000 species. This title presents a current and comprehensive overview of fish physiology to demonstrate how living fish function in their environment. |
| environmental physiology: Tools & Techniques for Biology and Environmental Physiology Mr. Rohit Manglik, 2024-03-17 EduGorilla Publication is a trusted name in the education sector, committed to empowering learners with high-quality study materials and resources. Specializing in competitive exams and academic support, EduGorilla provides comprehensive and well-structured content tailored to meet the needs of students across various streams and levels. |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Mammals Philip C. Withers, Christine E. Cooper, Shane K. Maloney, Francisco Bozinovic, Ariovaldo P. Cruz Neto, 2016-10-27 Mammals are the so-called pinnacle group of vertebrates, successfully colonising virtually all terrestrial environments as well as the air (bats) and sea (especially pinnipeds and cetaceans). How mammals function and survive in these diverse environments has long fascinated mammologists, comparative physiologists and ecologists. Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Mammals explores the physiological mechanisms and evolutionary necessities that have made the spectacular adaptation of mammals possible. It summarises our current knowledge of the complex and sophisticated physiological approaches that mammals have for survival in a wide variety of ecological and environmental contexts: terrestrial, aerial, and aquatic. The authors have a strong comparative and quantitative focus in their broad approach to exploring mammal ecophysiology. As with other books in the Ecological and Environmental Physiology Series, the emphasis is on the unique physiological characteristics of mammals, their adaptations to extreme environments, and current experimental techniques and future research directions are also considered. This accessible text is suitable for graduate level students and researchers in the fields of mammalian comparative physiology and physiological ecology, including specialist courses in mammal ecology. It will also be of value and use to the many professional mammologists requiring a concise overview of the topic. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Fishes M.A. Ali, 2013-12-18 A very good piece of work, I assure you, and a merry. -Now, good Peter Quince, call forth your actors by the scroll. -Masters, spread yourselves. A Midsummer Night's Dream. Act 1, Sc. 2 This volume is the outcome of a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in August 1979 at Bishop's University, Lennoxville, Quebec, Canada. About 130 participants from all the countries of the aJiiance as well as India and Japan attended this event which lasted two weeks. Seventeen of these participants had been invited to present reviews of chosen topics, usually in their specialty. This book is constituted mainly of these presentations, which were prepared as chapters. In addition, six of the participants, whose seminars were found to complement the main chapters, were coopted by the invited lectures/authors to provide additional chapters. Although a lecture was given on electric fields, a chapter on this matter is unfortunately absent due to the lack of preparation time. One may say that Environmental Physiology of Fishes as a discipline originated in Canada. Having been involved as a teacher and worker in this field since 19 54, it was but natural that I was tempted to organise an ASI and get a volume out on the matter. I was encouraged by discussions with colleagues and the acceptance on the part of a large number of eminent colleagues to attend the ASI, deliver lectures and write chapters. |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Birds J. Eduardo P. W. Bicudo, William A. Buttemer, Mark A. Chappell, 2010-04 Examining avian physiology in detail, this text specifically addresses the unique physiological characteristics of birds, although experimental techniques and future research directions are also considered. |
| environmental physiology: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology Lawrence C.H. Wang, 2012-12-06 When survival is challenged by the cold, animals react by employing both behavioral and physiological solutions. Depending on the magni tude of the cold stress and the nature of the adjustment, simple avoidance or sophisticated capacity or resistance compensations may be used. Thus, migration, shelter seeking, metabolic and insulative compen sation, torpor, and freezing avoidance and tolerance are successful tac tics used by diverse groups of animals. To understand and appreciate the benefits of these tactics, it is necessary to examine not only the well being of the whole animal but also their basic underlying mechanisms. In ad dition, it is also of fundamental importance to grasp how seasonal cold affects the survivorship and reproductive success of populations when confronted by a general reduction in primary productivity and an elevated energy cost for maintenance (e. g. in endotherms). In this regard, a synthetic overview which integrates aspects of cell biology, biochem istry, physiology, neurobiology, behavior, and population biology should be a fruitful approach in providing a holistic understanding on how animals adapt to cold. The present volume is an attempt to achieve such an overview; its objective is to provide a depth and breadth of coverage that is essential to a full appreciation of animal adaptation to cold. It is the hope of the contributing authors that this book will serve as an effective reference text for all senior undergraduate and graduate students as well as research scientists with an interest in cold physiology. |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Amphibians Stanley S. Hillman, Philip C. Withers, Robert C. Drewes, Stanley D. Hillyard, 2008-10-30 This book provides a synthesis of current research on the unique physiological characteristics of amphibians with a particular emphasis on water balance. It includes a wealth of information on ecology, phylogeny and development. The latest experimental techniques and future research directions are also considered. |
| environmental physiology: Animal Physiology Knut Schmidt-Nielsen, 1976-04-22 |
| environmental physiology: Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Fishes Brian Eddy, Richard D. Handy, 2012-05-03 Fish have evolved to colonise almost every type of aquatic habitat and today they are a hugely diverse group of over 25,000 species. This title presents a current and comprehensive overview of fish physiology to demonstrate how living fish function in their environment. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology of Plants Alastair Fitter, Roy Hay, Robert K. M. Hay, 1987 Already a widely acknowledged and successful work, this second edition has been extensively revised to reflect the vast amount of new literature in the field of plant physiology. The text deals with plant physiological responses to the environment, focusing on the boundary between physiology and ecology, and the treatment is largely based on North American and European examples with reference to the tropics when necessary. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Plant Physiology Vir Singh, 2020-01-23 Magnitude and quality of life as well as sustainable human progress inescapably depend on the state of our environment. The environment, in essence, is a common resource of all the living organisms in the biosphere as well as a vivacious basis of the evolution of life on Earth. A sustainable future broods over a sustainable environment—an environment encompassing life-originating, life-supporting, and life-sustaining uniqueness. A deteriorating environment haplessly sets in appalling conditions leading to shrinkage of life and a halt in human progress. The current global environment scenario is extremely dismal. Environmental disruptions, largely owing to anthropogenic activities, are steadily leading to awful climate change. Horribly advancing toward mass extinction in the near or distant future and posing a threat to our Living Planet, the unabatedly ongoing climate change, in fact, is an unprecedented issue of human concern about life in the recorded human history. How to get rid of the environmental mess and resolve environmental issues leading to climate change mitigation is the foremost challenge facing humanity in our times. There are several measures the whole world is resorting to. They are primarily focused on cutting down excessive carbon emissions by means of development of technological alternatives, for example, increasing mechanical efficiencies and ever-more dependence on clean-energy sources. These are of great importance, but there is yet a natural phenomenon that has been, and will unceasingly be, pivotal to maintain climate order of the Earth. For it to phenomenally boost, we need to explore deeper aspects of environmental science. It is the environmental plant physiology that links us with deeper roots of life. Environmental Plant Physiology: Botanical Strategies for a Climate-Smart Planet attempts to assimilate a relatively new subject that helps us understand the very phenomenon of life that persists in the planet’s environment and depends on, and is influenced by, a specific set of operating environmental factors. It is the subject that helps us understand adaptation mechanisms within a variety of habitats as well as the implications of the alterations of environmental factors on the inhabiting organisms, their populations, and communities. Further, this book can also be of vital importance for policy makers and organizations dealing with climate-related issues and committed to the cause of the earth. This book can be instrumental in formulating strategies that can lead us to a climate-smart planet. Features: • Provides ecological basis of environmental plant physiology • Discusses energy, nutrient, water, temperature, allelochemical, and altitude relations of plants • Reviews stress physiology of plants and plants’ adaptations to the changing climate • Examines climate-change effects on plant physiology • Elucidates evolving botanical strategies for a climate-smart planet |
| environmental physiology: Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology Stephen S. Cheung, Philip Ainslie, 2021-03-16 Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, offers physiology students and exercise science professionals a complete look at the major topics and debates in the field of environmental physiology. In this second edition, Dr. Stephen Cheung is joined by the coauthor Dr. Phil Ainslie, who has extensive professional expertise in mountaineering and high-altitude physiology and has led numerous high-altitude research expeditions. Among the issues explored in this text are the effects of heat, hydration, and cold in the thermal environment; diving, altitude training, and other pressure effects on the human system; and the influences that pollution and air quality have on exercise. The text also explores the microgravity (space) environment and chronobiological rhythms. The second edition includes new chapters on heat adaptation and therapy, breath-hold diving, physiological adjustments to acute hypoxia, sex differences in environmental response, and cross-adaptation. Through Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, readers will learn the following: The initial physiological responses upon exposure to an environment that a person is not adapted to How the body adapts to repeated exposure to an environment How various environments affect the ability to exercise and work Individual variability in response to stressful environments Countermeasures that people can take to minimize the impact of environmental stressors Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, contains twice the number of figures and illustrations from the previous edition to offer better visualization and explanation of the content. New learning aids include chapter objectives, chapter summaries, and review questions to enhance reader comprehension. Sidebars throughout the text highlight lively areas of current research and debate to stimulate further investigation. Supported by evidence-based information and numerous references, Advanced Environmental Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, addresses the primary environmental factors affecting people when they are working, exercising, and competing in sport. By linking research with recommendations for real-world situations, this text serves as an invaluable resource for students and professionals alike. |
| environmental physiology: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology , 2012-12-06 Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology helps biologists, physiologists, and biochemists keep track of the extensive literature in the field. Providing comprehensive, integrated reviews and sound, critical, and provocative summaries, this series is a must for all active researchers in environmental and comparative physiology. |
| environmental physiology: Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, Third Edition Mohammad Pessarakli, 2014-03-21 Continuous discoveries in plant and crop physiology have resulted in an abundance of new information since the publication of the second edition of the Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, necessitating a new edition to cover the latest advances in the field. Like its predecessors, the Third Edition offers a unique, complete collection of topics in plant and crop physiology, serving as an up-to-date resource in the field. This edition contains more than 90 percent new material, and the remaining 10 percent has been updated and substantially revised. Divided into nine parts to make the information more accessible, this handbook covers the physiology of plant and crop growth and development, cellular and molecular aspects, and production processes. It addresses the physiological responses of plants and crops to environmental stresses, heavy metals, and agrichemicals; presents findings on small RNAs in response to temperature stress; and discusses the use of bioinformatics in plant/crop physiology. The book deals with the impacts of rising CO2 levels and climate change on plant/crop growth, development, and production. It also offers guidance on plants and crops that can be successfully cultivated under more stressful conditions, presented in six chapters that examine alleviation of future food security issues. With contributions from 105 scientists from 17 countries, this book provides a comprehensive resource for research and for university courses, covering plant physiological processes ranging from the cellular level to whole plants. The content provided can be used to plan, implement, and evaluate strategies for dealing with plant and crop physiology problems. This edition includes numerous tables, figures, and illustrations to facilitate comprehension of the material as well as thousands of index words to further increase accessibility to the desired information. |
| environmental physiology: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes: Structure and Interaction with Environment Robert E. Shadwick, Anthony Peter Farrell, Colin Brauner, 2015-11-16 Fish Physiology: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes, Volume 34A is a useful reference for fish physiologists, biologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Following an increase in research on elasmobranchs due to the plight of sharks in today's oceans, this volume compares elasmobranchs to other groups of fish, highlights areas of interest for future research, and offers perspective on future problems. Covering measurements and lab-and-field based studies of large pelagic sharks, this volume is a natural addition to the renowned Fish Physiology series. - Provides needed comprehensive content on the physiology of elasmobranchs - Offers a systems approach between structure and interaction with the environment and internal physiology - Contains contributions by leading experts in their respective fields, under the guidance of internationally recognized and highly respected editors - Highlights areas of interest for future research, including perspective on future problems |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology A. Hemantaranjan, 2007-02-01 The innovative theme of the book entitled Environmental Physiology is basically molecular physiology of abiotic stress response in plants. This has been especially edited for realistic and rational utilization by planners, scientists, investigators, academicians and postgraduate students. This book is an exceptional assimilation of well-timed, crucial and comprehensive twenty-one worthy reviews of diverse significance contributed by sincere dedication of experienced, laudable and well-known scientists/ stalwarts all over the world. The genuineness that due to incredible harmony with the world scientists of various disciplines developed in the last eight years, over nineteen Indian and twenty-nine foreign intellectuals enthusiastically came forward and associated in this extensive project of pragmatic importance. In fact, this kind of momentous work cannot be accomplished effectively and productively by a single person belonging principally to a specific field of specialization. This is also strongly realized that there is progressively more a need of united effort of experts in the ground-breaking work of precise importance above all in the agricultural sciences, which absolutely depends on environmental situations. The intricacies of abiotic and biotic stresses on growth and development of plants have been understood in the last few decades. This is the right time to apply the knowledge acquired in this direction, out of exhaustive research throughout the globe, in anyhow enhancing yield of crop plants cultivated under a variety of environmental stresses, in general, and extending basic research, in particular, for having more insight in establishing new cultivars under higher intensities of abiotic stresses like drought, high and low temperature, salinity, sodicity, flooding, mineral, oxidative, heavy metals, etc. This book too is an endeavour to make aware the young workers with allied techniques comprising destructive and non-destructive methods for extending relevant research incessantly in the years to come to gain further information of both basic and applied significance for sustainability of agriculture under environmental stresses. The manifold ideas on basic problems of the present and the future as well as resolutions have been consolidated through precious reviews by distinguished personnel of plant sciences in twenty-one chapters. In this enthusiastic and forceful enterprise, the real appreciation is due to all notable and brilliant authors, for bringing up most needed unrivalled, practical, thoughtful and comprehensive reviews of international standard on physiology of plants and their responses under wide-ranging environmental stresses. Hopefully, the wonderful multifaceted reviews selected and compiled very systematically in this exclusive book for the first time by genuine experts and distinguished scientists would enable to plan meaningful advanced research and profuse consequential teaching on the extremely crucial theme of abiotic stress responses in plants. This unique collection must be of enormous help for post-graduate studies and higher research in all disciplines of plant science in every university and research institute of the world. |
| environmental physiology: Soybean Physiology, Agronomy, and Utilization A.G. Norman, 2012-12-02 Soybean Physiology, Agronomy, and Utilization attempts to cover and treat in logical sequence the factors that contribute to the potential and versatility of soybeans. The soybean is a major crop plant in the United States. Based on the utilization of the bean, or products therefrom, a substantial soybean industry has also developed. Its uses, agricultural and industrial, primarily depend on the high content of both protein (ca. 40%) and oil (ca. 20%) in the bean. The book begins by discussing soybean production in the United States and worldwide; the uses and economics of soybean products; and the soybean in physiological research. It explains the growth and development of soybeans. It discusses the physiological processes responsible for assimilating the plant body from the environment, namely photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and nitrate reduction. Subsequent chapters examine the impact of environmental variables—such as light, temperature, water, wind, and pests—on soybean plant characteristics as well as soybean breeding, production, processing, and utilization. |
| environmental physiology: Environmental Physiology John Guest Phillips, 1975 |
| environmental physiology: Biochemical Adaptation George N. Somero, Brent Lockwood, Lars Tomanek, 2017-03-29 The abiotic characteristics of the environment—including temperature, oxygen availability, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure—present challenges to all biochemical structures and processes. This volume first examines the nature of these perturbations to biochemical systems and then elucidates the major adaptive strategies that enable organisms from all Domains of Life—Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya—to conserve common types of biochemical structures and processes across a wide range of environments. In addition to these conservative adaptations that foster a biochemical unity among diverse species, other adaptations can be viewed as innovative changes that enable organisms to exploit new features of the environment that may themselves be the result of biological activities. |
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Climate Change | US EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Mar 31, 2025 · Comprehensive information from U.S. EPA on issues of climate change, global warming, including climate change science, greenhouse gas emissions data, frequently asked …
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | US EPA
May 15, 2025 · U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Powering the Great American Comeback This initiative will guide EPA’s work to protect public health and the environment while …
EPA in Pennsylvania | US EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
May 27, 2025 · Portal for news and information about EPA's efforts in Pennsylvania and PA environmental conditions.
Environmental Topics | US EPA
Apr 18, 2025 · Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is announcing $412,000 in funding for Louisiana to address lead in drinking water at schools and child care facilities. …
What is Environmental Education? | US EPA
Jul 2, 2024 · Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. …
Environment - Science News
Jun 10, 2025 · Environment Skyborne specks of life may influence rainfall patterns A study of weather on a mountain in Greece reveal that bioparticles in the sky may drive fluctuations in …
Environmental Information by Location | US EPA
Feb 18, 2025 · Environmental Information by Location Summary EPA has Regional offices that have a responsibility to oversee the execution of EPA programs within several states and …
Laws & Regulations | US EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Jun 10, 2025 · Overview of EPA's law and regulatory information, including complying with and enforcing environmental regulations.
Environmental health - World Health Organization (WHO)
Jun 4, 2025 · Healthier environments could prevent almost one quarter of the global burden of disease. The COVID-19 pandemic is a further reminder of the delicate relationship between …
100 Days, 100 Environmental Accomplishments | US EPA
Apr 30, 2025 · Read on to learn about the 100 Environmental Accomplishments achieved by EPA in the first 100 days: Issued immediate action items for Mexico to permanently end the Tijuana …
Climate Change | US EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Mar 31, 2025 · Comprehensive information from U.S. EPA on issues of climate change, global warming, including climate change science, greenhouse gas emissions data, frequently asked …
