Advertisement
| exodx prostate test reviews: Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids Gabriel D. Dakubo, 2019-08-29 The ability to measure and monitor cancer biomarkers in “body fluid biopsy” should greatly impact oncologic practice. “Biomarkers in Proximal Fluids”, the third of the “Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids” series details cancer signatures in none or minimally circulating body fluids including saliva, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, exhaled breath condensate, nipple aspirate fluid, gastric and pancreatic juice, stool, urine, and prostatic, peritoneal and cerebrospinal fluid. These fluids are enriched with biomarkers, especially those emanating from cells of the proximal tissue. Chapter 1 examines the global burden of cancer and the need for regional efforts at primary prevention, early detection and patient care. Chapters 2-12 address tissue-specific biomarkers in associated body fluids. The tumor interstitial fluid as a microenvironment rich in cancer biomarkers is detailed in chapter 13, while chapter 14 looks at the human body fluid microbiome and its evolving role in cancer. Commercially available assays using proximal fluids are examined at the end of the respective chapters. This book complements its predecessors and is equally useful to oncologists, cancer researchers, clinicians, medical students, nurses, diagnostic laboratory and pharmaceutical industry personnel. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Urologic Surgical Pathology E-Book Greg T MacLennan, David G. Bostwick, 2019-02-07 Offering comprehensive coverage of this fast-changing field for more than 20 years, Urologic Surgical Pathology is an expert guide to all common and rare entities in the genitourinary system. The 4th Edition keeps you fully up to date with discussions of newly recognized tumors and terminologies, the latest classification schemes, current grading approaches, molecular alterations, and commonly used ancillary diagnostic techniques. With its clinical focus on day-to-day urological pathology sign-out and an emphasis on clinicopathologic and radiographic-pathologic correlations, this thoroughly revised uropathology reference is an excellent resource for diagnostic decision making. - Includes expanded coverage of differential diagnosis for all tumor types encountered in urological surgical pathology practice. - Incorporates the latest TNM staging and WHO classification systems, as well as new diagnostic biomarkers and their utility in differential diagnosis, newly described variants and new histologic entities. - Discusses advances in molecular diagnostic testing, its capabilities, and its limitations, including targeted therapy/personalized medicine. - Covers new developments in immunohistochemistry and the latest diagnostic tumor markers. - Features more than 1,600 high-quality images – all in color – including gross pictures, histopathologic and cytopathologic images, special stains, other ancillaries, drawings, and illustrations. - Helps you find information quickly with a consistent chapter format; an abundance of tables, diagrams and flowcharts; boxed lists of types and causes of diseases; differential diagnosis; characteristic features of diseases; complications; classifications; and staging. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis J. Stephen Jones, 2012-11-14 Based on the highly successful first edition of Prostate Biopsy: Indications, Techniques, and Complications, this new volume presents new concepts that have emerged in answer to current questions from its audience. Many new perspectives and technologies are presented, many from the authors’ internationally recognized work on the topic. Substantial developments in techniques and complications are explored in detail. The chapter authors comprise a complete spectrum of specialists in their respective subject areas. All authors are internationally accepted as the premier authorities on their chosen topics. Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: PSA, Biopsy, and Beyond presents new data on the controversial issue of PSA screening and thresholds as indication to perform biopsy. Office based transrectal saturation biopsy is covered in detail. Other topics explored include template guided biopsy and image-guided biopsy as well as a completely new paradigm for prevention of complications. Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: PSA, Biopsy, and Beyond will be of great value and utility to all practicing urologists. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Cancer Nanotheranostics Muthupandian Saravanan, Hamed Barabadi, 2021-10-05 Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary research field that integrates chemistry, engineering, biology, and medicine. Nanomaterials offer tremendous opportunity as well as challenges for researchers. Of course, cancer is one of the world's most common health problems, responsible for many deaths. Exploring efficient anticancer drugs could revolutionize treatment options and help manage cancer mortality. Nanomedicine plays a significant role in developing alternative and more effective treatment strategies for cancer theranostics. This book mainly focuses on the emerging trends using nanomaterials and nanocomposites as alternative anticancer material’s. The book is divided into three main topic areas: how to overcome existing traditional approaches to combat cancer, applying multiple mechanisms to target the cancer cells, and how nanomaterials can be used as effective carriers. The contents highlight recent advances in interdisciplinary research on processing, morphology, structure, and properties of nanostructured materials and their applications to combat cancer.Cancer Nanotheranostics is comprehensive in that it discusses all aspects of cancer nanotechnology. Because of the vast amount of information, it was decided to split this material into two volumes. In the first volume of Cancer Nanotheranostics, we discuss the role of different nanomaterials for cancer therapy, including lipid-based nanomaterials, protein and peptide-based nanomaterials, polymer-based nanomaterials, metal-organic nanomaterials, porphyrin-based nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, silica-based nanomaterials, exosome-based nanomaterials and nano-antibodies. In the second volume, we discuss the nano-based diagnosis of cancer, nano-oncology for clinical applications, nano-immunotherapy, nano-based photothermal cancer therapy, nano-erythrosomes for cancer drug delivery, regulatory perspectives of nanomaterials, limitations of cancer nanotheranostics, the safety of nano-biomaterials for cancer nanotheranostics, multifunctional nanomaterials for targeting cancer nanotheranostics, and the role of artificial intelligence in cancer nanotheranostics. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: 'Essentials of Cancer Genomic, Computational Approaches and Precision Medicine Nosheen Masood, Saima Shakil Malik, 2020-03-20 This book concisely describes the role of omics in precision medicine for cancer therapies. It outlines our current understanding of cancer genomics, shares insights into the process of oncogenesis, and discusses emerging technologies and clinical applications of cancer genomics in prognosis and precision-medicine treatment strategies. It then elaborates on recent advances concerning transcriptomics and translational genomics in cancer diagnosis, clinical applications, and personalized medicine in oncology. Importantly, it also explains the importance of high-performance analytics, predictive modeling, and system biology in cancer research. Lastly, the book discusses current and potential future applications of pharmacogenomics in clinical cancer therapy and cancer drug development. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: The Big Scare Anthony Horan, 2009 |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Tumor Angiogenesis Assays Domenico Ribatti, 2022-09-26 This second edition provides new and updated methods and protocols for studying tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Chapters detail morphological aspects of tumor angiogenesis, aortic ring, ex vivo tissue culture model for anti-angiogenic drug testing, transgenic zebrafish, orthotopic models of ovarian cancer, and uncovering metabolic effects of anti-angiogenic therapy in tumors by induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging.Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Tumor Angiogenesis Assays: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for all researchers interested in learning more about this important and developing field. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Intercellular Communication in the Nervous System Robert Malenka, 2010-05-22 Intercellular communication is part of a complex system of communication that governs basic cellular activities and coordinates cell actions. The ability of cells to perceive and correctly respond to their environment is the basis of growth and development, tissue repair, and immunity as well as normal tissue homeostasis. Errors in cellular information processing are responsible for diseases such as cancer, autoimmunity, diabetes, and neurological and psychiatric disorders. There is substantial drug development concentrating on this and intercellular communication is the basis of much of neuropharmacology. By understanding cell signaling, diseases may be treated effectively and, theoretically, artificial tissues may be yielded. Neurotransmitters/receptors, synaptic structure and organization, gap junctions, neurotrophic factors and neuropeptides are all explored in this volume, as are the ways in which signaling controls neuroendocrinology, neuroimmunology and neuropharmacology. Intercellular Communication in the Nervous System provides a valuable desk reference for all scientists who consider signaling. - Chapters offer impressive scope with topics addressing neurotransmitters/receptors, synaptic structure and organization, neuropeptides, gap junctions, neuropharmacology and more - Richly illustrated in full color with over 200 figures - Contributors represent the most outstanding scholarship in the field, with each chapter providing fully vetted and reliable expert knowledge |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Active Surveillance for Localized Prostate Cancer Laurence Klotz, 2018-08-26 This fully updated and revised new edition provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in prostate cancer. The book reviews new data about molecular characteristics of the disease, profiles the new grading system for prostate cancer introduced in 2015, and provides new perspectives about imaging of prostate cancer, as well as the role of targeted biopsies. The text summarizes the role of biomarkers and MRI in patient selection and management and details the world wide results of active surveillance. Specific chapters address communication and ethical issues, QOL outcomes, economic aspects, and psycho-social aspects of surveillance. The role of focal therapy for low risk disease is summarized, and the data supporting preventive interventions during surveillance reviewed. This text will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in this common malignancy, as it provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology Carlos A. Perez, Luther W. Brady, 1987 |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Smith & Tanagho's General Urology , 2020 |
| exodx prostate test reviews: The Prostate as an Endocrine Gland Richard J. Ablin, Wells E. Farnsworth, 1989-11-30 This unique publication illustrates that the prostate elaborates an array of local hormones or autocoids and how these influence prostatic growth, function and oncogenesis. It describes how familiarity with these participants and how they effect the character and direction of prostatic function may suggest diagnostic markers of malfunction and new sites and modes of therapeutic intervention. The catholic scope and authorship of the work seeks to integrate the views of those urologists, reproductive physiologists and endocrinologists who presently work with the prostate. It attempts to show all other biologists the full range of the gland's activities and participating molecules. Included are: oncogenes, mitogens, polyamines, prostaglandins, growth factors, antigens, and the familiar steroid, peptide and protein hormones. This volume is unique in its point of view and in the new concepts it presents. Addressed are actions of spermine-binding protein and osteoblastic mitogens, consequences of inhibin/thyrotropin-releasing hormone balance, and urokinase effects. Covered also are androgen modulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptides, evidence of a prostatolymphoreticular system, secretion of dihydrotestosterone, and a model of the inter-dependence of prostatic epithelium and stroma. This unique new volume is of great value to those in urology, internal medicine, physiology, endocrinology and pharmacology. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Disease Paul Harrison, Chris Gardiner, Ian L. Sargent, 2014-05-02 Interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (microvesicles and exosomes) is expanding rapidly. It is now apparent that far from being merely cellular debris, these vesicles play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and signaling. Moreover, they are significantly elevated in a number of diseases. This raises the question of their direct role in pathogenesis as well as their possible use as biomarkers. This book stems from the first international meeting on Microvesicles and Nanovesicles in Health and Disease held at Magdalen College, Oxford, in 2010. The purpose of the meeting was to bring together, for the first time, a range of experts from around the world to discuss the latest advances in this field. Key to the study of these vesicles is the availability of methodologies for their measurement in biological fluids. A major section of the meeting focused on a range of exciting new technologies which have been developed for this purpose. The presentations at this meeting form the basis of this book, which will appeal to basic scientists, clinicians, and those developing technology for the measurement of extracellular vesicles. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology Syed Z. Ali, Edmund S. Cibas, 2010-03-20 This atlas is the offspring of the “The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) State of the Science Conference,” hosted by the NCI and organized by Dr. Andrea Abati. Preparations for the conference began 18 months earlier with the designation of a steering committee and the establishment of a dedicated, p- manent web site. The meeting took place on October 22 and 23, 2007 in Bethesda, Maryland and was co-moderated by Susan J. Mandel and Edmund S. Cibas. The discussions and conclusions regarding terminology and morphologic criteria 1, 2 from the meeting were summarized in publications by Baloch et al. and form the framework for this atlas. The atlas is organized by the general categories of “Nondiagnostic,” “Benign,” “Follicular Neoplasm/Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm”, “Suspicious for Malignancy,” and “Malignant,” and it includes the defi- tions and morphologic criteria of these categories as set forth by Baloch et al. The majority of the conference participants also agreed on a category of “undetermined significance,” which is incorporated in this atlas (Chap. 4). It is critical that the cytopathologist communicate thyroid FNA interpretations to the referring physician in terms that are succinct, unambiguous, and helpful clinically. We recognize that the terminology used here is a flexible framework that can be modified by individual laboratories to meet the needs of their providers and the patients they serve. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Urologic Surgery James Francis Glenn, William H. Boyce, 1975 |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Pathophysiology David C. Gaze, 2018-05-30 Pathophysiology is the convergence of pathology (the discipline of observed changes in a diseased state) with physiology (the mechanisms of systems operation). It represents the functional changes that occur because of injury or disease. This volume provides state-of-the-art up-to-date literature reviews on pathophysiological processes in a number of disease states. The book is organised methodically in a head-to-toe systems approach examining aspects of neuropathophysiology, endocrine pathophysiology, structural biology, renal pathophysiology and genitourinary pathophysiology. This short volume on pathophysiology is intended for general medical and biomedical students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In addition, it is a useful short update of recent advances in research and translational biology to those working in academia or healthcare science. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Developing Insights in Cartilage Repair Pieter J. Emans, Lars Peterson, 2013-10-16 This comprehensive book discusses cartilage repair and all its aspects. These aspects vary from basic insights in cartilage biology and regeneration via MRI, to results of existing cartilage repair techniques and upcoming novel approaches. Fundamental cartilage biology is the topic covered within the first chapters of the book. These chapters not only provide an insight in healthy, damaged and regenerative cartilage but also describe developments in gene therapy and methods to enhance chondrogenesis of stemcells and prevent hypertophic differentiation. There is a huge progress in the possibilities of MR imaging of both healthy, damaged and regenerative cartilage. These developments not only enable better monitoring of cartilage repair but may also unravel the pathophysiology of the development of cartilage defects. Different cartilage repair techniques (e.g. allografts, autologous chondrocytes transplantation [ACT], microfracture), there technical aspects (e.g. developments towards an total arthroscopic approach), pitfalls, and outcomes are reported in the following chapters. In these chapters factors important for the results of cartilage repair such as meniscal repair, patient factors are described. Finally, an overview of novel cartilage repair techniques such as minced cartilage, denovo cartilage and more areas are discussed in this comprehensive addition to the literature. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Twin Support Vector Machines Jayadeva, Reshma Khemchandani, Suresh Chandra, 2016-10-12 This book provides a systematic and focused study of the various aspects of twin support vector machines (TWSVM) and related developments for classification and regression. In addition to presenting most of the basic models of TWSVM and twin support vector regression (TWSVR) available in the literature, it also discusses the important and challenging applications of this new machine learning methodology. A chapter on “Additional Topics” has been included to discuss kernel optimization and support tensor machine topics, which are comparatively new but have great potential in applications. It is primarily written for graduate students and researchers in the area of machine learning and related topics in computer science, mathematics, electrical engineering, management science and finance. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Exosomes and Microvesicles Andrew F Hill, 2016-12-10 This volume covers methods for the analysis of extracellular vesicles (EV) that can be applied to isolated EVs from a wide variety of sources. This includes the use of electron microscopy, tunable resistance pulse sensing, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The chapters in this book discuss EV cargoes containing proteins and genomic materials using a number of different approaches, and isolating EVs from platelets and neuronal cells and tissues. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and comprehensive, Exosomes and Microvesicles: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource containing methodologies for anyone interested in researching EVs. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Genetics Home Reference National Institutes National Institutes of Health, U. S. National U.S. National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Bio, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, 2014-11-04 Complete handbook on cells and DNA including genes and chromosomes. Also includes indepth look at how genes work, mutations and health, inheriting genetic conditions, genetic consultation, genetic testing, gene therapy, the human genome project and complete genomic research. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Pathology of the Prostate Christopher Foster, David G. Bostwick, 1998 An addition to the Major Problems in Pathology Series, this book addresses all the recent, major advances in the rapidly expanding field of prostate pathology. The concise, focused text reflects a wide variety of opinions regarding the diagnosis of prostate disorders. Includes the work of internationally renowned contributors. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Modern Alternative to Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Bilal Chughtai, Alexis E. Te, Steven A. Kaplan, 2014-10-06 Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Modern Techniques is an up-to-date review of modern techniques used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. It provides a comprehensive review of both office and operating room based techniques. Both electrosurgical and laser based techniques are covered. These include high powered 532 nm laser photoselective laser vaporization of the prostate (PVP), holmium laser enucleation/ablation of the prostate (HoLEP/HoLAP), and Bipolar Electrovaporization of the Prostate (Bipolar EVP/Bipolar TURP). In addition, a comprehensive review of office based techniques and future therapies currently being developed is presented. Each of these techniques are presented in a balanced fashion with a focus on modern literature. Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Modern Techniques will be of great value to Urologists, Urology Residents, Iternists, and Family Practitioners. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Management of Peritoneal Metastases- Cytoreductive Surgery, HIPEC and Beyond Aditi Bhatt, 2018-04-02 The widespread acceptance among the oncology community at large of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC as a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal metastases has paved the way for innovative new therapies that could benefit a larger proportion of patients. Much has been and continues to be published on this subject. This book provides comprehensive reviews on the various aspects of managing peritoneal metastases. The authors highlight essential practical issues that surgical oncologists encounter in their day-to-day practice, and try to before provide evidence based answers to address them. All chapters were written and/or reviewed by leading experts in this field. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Mesothelioma Giovanni Luca Ceresoli, Emilio Bombardieri, Maurizio D'Incalci, 2019-06-19 This book offers an updated review of malignant mesothelioma, including the latest advances in our understanding of its genetic control and molecular biology, as well as pre-clinical and clinical research. It also presents state-of-the-art diagnostic approaches and therapeutic options, and an open discussion on the future prospects for patient management. Malignant mesothelioma is an enormous global health problem related to asbestos exposure. Despite the best efforts of scientists and oncologists, the prognosis for those affected remains poor. Due to anatomical characteristics and non-specific symptoms, the diagnosis of mesothelioma at an early stage is often difficult, while surgery and radiotherapy are only of limited use, even if some multimodality approaches seem promising. In turn, medical treatments are sometimes successful in tumor control, but have little impact on overall survival. However, advances in our understanding of the disease’s biology, together with the availability of new drugs and combinations, make mesothelioma an essential and highly topical field for pre-clinical and clinical studies. This book is subdivided into four parts: epidemiology and preclinical data, diagnosis, therapy, and extrathoracic mesothelioma. It highlights the progress made in a variety of areas – e.g. in vitro and in vivo experimental models, genetics, environment, biomarkers, targeting agents, immunotherapy, metabolic imaging and ongoing clinical trials – and describes the standard clinical management of mesothelioma patients, including those with extra-thoracic localizations. Given its scope, the book offers an invaluable tool for researchers, oncologists and clinicians alike. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer Finbarr E. Cotter, 1996 Leading clinicians and expert researchers bring together under one cover a comprehensive guide to the newest and most essential molecular techniques-particularly PCR-for diagnosing and monitoring hematological and solid tumors. These distinguished practitioners demonstrate step-by-step the use of PCR, FISH, CGH, Southern analysis, sequencing, and SSCP to assess cancer markers, to detect minimal disease and apoptosis, and to uncover particular translocations, mutations, and deletions. Their readily reproducible results offer physicians and scientists a promising entré into the powerful possibilities of using these techniques to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of cancer. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Circulating MicroRNAs Nobuyoshi Kosaka, 2016-08-23 microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological phenomena, such as development and homeostasis. The dysregulation of miRNA leads to disease progression, particularly of cancer. In Circulating MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail recent advances in the isolation, purification and analysis of circulating miRNAs from a variety of sources for research. The book is divided into three main topics. The first section involves the study of secretory miRNAs in cell-cell communication, and the second, the study of circulating miRNAs in body fluids. The last describes the novel techniques used to study circulating miRNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Circulating MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in dealing with the recent advances of RNAi technology from the bench to the bedside. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy John W. Davis, 2018-04-22 This book addresses knowledge gaps in RARP in 3 key sections: 1) Step-by-step approach including multiple technique options and innovations, 2) Patient selection, safety, outcomes, and 3) Preparing the patient for surgery. The order is more based upon knowledge priority rather than a chronologic sequence in which part 3 would go first. Part two allows more summary and commentary on evidence and part three allows some creative content that is otherwise hard to find in one place—medical evaluations, imaging, clinical trials, patient education, etc. This textbook emphasizes content for the advanced skills surgeon in that multiple techniques are presented as well as state of the art evidence. The learning curve is addressed and the authors clarify how this text is useful for learners. The caveat is that they should be careful in patient selection and stick with what their mentors are showing them. With experience, they can then branch out into the many techniques presented here. Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Beyond the Learning Curve will also have cross-over appeal for surgical assistants, physician assistants, nurses, and anyone else involved in the surgical care of prostate cancer. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Quantitative Proteomics by Mass Spectrometry Salvatore Sechi, 2018-04-15 This volume describes prominent methodologies developed by laboratories that have been leading the field of quantitative proteomics by mass spectrometry. The procedures for performing the experiments are described in an easy-to-understand manner with many technical details that usually are not reported in typical research articles. This second edition of Quantitative Proteomics by Mass Spectrometry provides a broad perspective of the methodologies used for quantifying proteins and post-translational modifications in different types of biomedical specimens. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and thorough, Quantitative Proteomics by Mass Spectrometry, Second Edition is a valuable resource to help researchers understand and learn about the latest tools used in the study of quantitative proteomics by mass spectrometry. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Prostate Cancer Screening Martin I. Resnick, Eric A. Klein, 2001-06-01 More than one in six men will develop prostate cancer in their lifetime. In recent years there has been an explosion of information regarding PSA screening and biomarkers for the disease. In Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, the world’s leading experts on prostate cancer detection update the first edition with the latest findings. The book incorporates a series of thoughtful and cutting-edge works from the world’s experts in prostate cancer screening, ranging from the current status quo of prostate cancer screening across the globe to consensus on optimal utilization of the traditional PSA and DRE tests, to cutting-edge research in new biomarkers, biomeasures, and extended risk algorithms for prostate cancer. An additional chapter covers family-based linkage analysis as well as possible pitfalls in prostate cancer biomarker evaluation studies. Timely and authoritative, Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, is an essential text for urologists, oncologists and family physicians, as well as researchers in the biomarker industry who seek methods to better develop and support markers and measures of prostate cancer. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Benefits and Harms of Prostate-specific Antigen Screening for Prostate Cancer Kenneth Lin, Robert Lipsitz, Supriya Janakiraman, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2008 BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin cancer in men in the United States, and prostate cancer screening has increased in recent years. In 2002, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force concluded that evidence was insufficient to recommend for or against screening for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. PURPOSE: To examine new evidence of benefits and harms of screening asymptomatic men for prostate cancer with PSA testing. DATA SOURCES: English-language articles identified in PubMed and the Cochrane Library (search dates, January 2002 to July 2007), reference lists of retrieved articles, and expert suggestions. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized, controlled trials and meta-analyses of PSA screening and cross-sectional and cohort studies of screening harms and of the natural history of screening-detected cancer were selected to answer the following questions: Does screening for prostate cancer with PSA, as a single-threshold test or as a function of multiple tests over time, decrease morbidity or mortality? What are the magnitude and nature of harms associated with prostate cancer screening, other than overtreatment? What is the natural history of PSA-detected, nonpalpable, localized prostate cancer? DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were reviewed, abstracted, and rated for quality by using predefined U.S. Preventive Services Task Force criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: No good-quality randomized, controlled trials of screening for prostate cancer have been completed. In 1 cross-sectional and 2 prospective cohort studies of fair to good quality, false-positive PSA screening results caused psychological adverse effects for up to 1 year after the test. The natural history of PSA-detected prostate cancer is poorly understood. LIMITATIONS: Few eligible studies were identified. Long-term adverse effects of false-positive PSA screening test results are unknown. CONCLUSION: Prostate-specific antigen screening is associated with psychological harms, and its potential benefits remain uncertain. Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin cancer in U.S. men. An estimated 218,890 men received a new diagnosis of prostate cancer in 2007, and 1 in 6 men will receive a diagnosis in their lifetime. The American Cancer Society estimates that 27,350 men died of prostate cancer in 2006. After peaking in 1991 (29.4 deaths per 100,000 men), the prostate cancer mortality rate has gradually decreased. Although this positive trend may be related to increased screening for prostate cancer, other factors, including new treatment approaches, could also account for some or all of the observed decline in mortality. The serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1986, and its use for prostate cancer screening has increased substantially since the mid-1990s. However, PSA testing is not specific to prostate cancer; common conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis, also increase PSA levels. Approximately 1.5 million U.S. men age 40 to 69 years have a PSA level greater than 4.0 ơg/L, a widely used cutoff value for a positive screening result. Refinements designed to improve the PSA test's sensitivity and specificity for prostate cancer include determination of PSA density, PSA velocity, PSA doubling time, and percentage of free PSA. Potential harms from PSA screening include additional medical visits, adverse effects of prostate biopsies, anxiety, and overdiagnosis (the identification of prostate cancer that would never have caused symptoms in the patient's lifetime, leading to unnecessary treatment and associated adverse effects). Much uncertainty surrounds which cases of prostate cancer require treatment and whether earlier detection leads to improvements in duration or quality of life. Two recent systematic reviews of the comparative effectiveness and harms of therapies for localized prostate cancer concluded that no single therapy is superior to all others in all situations. In 2002, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening for prostate cancer. The USPSTF found good evidence that PSA screening can detect early-stage prostate cancer but found mixed and inconclusive evidence that screening and early detection improve health outcomes. Consequently, the USPSTF was unable to determine the balance between benefits and harms of periodic screening for prostate cancer. The analytic framework that guided the previous USPSTF evidence review (Figure) included 8 key questions about benefits and harms of prostate cancer screening and treatment. This evidence update focuses on critical gaps in the evidence that the Task Force identified in the previous review: the lack of good-quality studies linking screening to improved health outcomes; limited information about harms of screening; and a paucity of knowledge about the natural history of PSA-detected, nonpalpable, localized prostate cancer (the most common type of prostate cancer detected today). These evidence gaps produced 3 new key questions for this update: 1. Does screening for prostate cancer with PSA, as a single-threshold test or as a function of multiple tests over time, decrease morbidity or mortality? 2. What are the magnitude and nature of harms associated with prostate cancer screening other than overtreatment? 3. What is the natural history of PSA-detected, nonpalpable, localized prostate cancer? |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Prostate Cancer Screening , 2013 Prostate cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in Canadian men. The lifetime risk of developing prostate cancer is estimated around 14.2%, while the risk of dying from this cancer is 3.7%. In most cases, prostate cancer grows slowly and most men die due to causes other than prostate cancer even before the cancer becomes clinically evident. Survival from prostate cancer depends largely on the progression of tumor at the time of diagnosis. The early detection of prostate cancer is believed to reduce the prostate cancer morbidity. However, earlier detection may also result in over-diagnosis and over-treatment of mild forms of prostate cancer; the treatment of such cancers might be more aggressive than the cancer itself. The debate over prostate cancer screening became more prominent by the introduction of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for the detection of prostate cancer. The PSA testing was shown to be very sensitive, and has contributed the increase of prostate cancer incidence since 1990. Despite the wide adoption of PSA testing in prostate cancer screening, the evidence supporting its use still unclear. Several clinical guidelines have been developed to organize and orient prostate cancer screening programs. The objective of this review is to evaluate the quality of the North American guidelines on prostate cancer screening. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Molecular Diagnostic Tests for Men at Higher Probability for Prostate Cancer , 2011 1. For men with higher probability of prostate cancer, as reflected by PSA testing or rectal examination, diagnostic accuracy increases somewhat by adding the uPCA3 test. The higher the uPCA3 value, the higher the probability of cancer. A uPCA3 result above the threshold value implies a strong suspicion of prostate cancer. In some otherwise difficult-to-assess patients the test would contribute towards earlier biopsy and earlier diagnosis. The uPCA3 test cannot, however, rule out prostate cancer in men having a higher probability of the disease. Accuracy of the uPCA3 test is the same regardless of whether the individual has had a previous biopsy with negative results, or has never had a biopsy.2. The addition of the uPCA3 test to determine which patients should be biopsied involves a higher total cost than direct prostate biopsy of all men with an increased probability of prostate cancer as identified by PSA testing or rectal examination.3. The importance of the uPCA3 test in further investigation and its effects on disease course and mortality should be assessed in clinical studies. To appraise the patient benefits of routine clinical use of uPCA3, better evidence is needed regarding the value of the extra information obtained from the test results in relation to other risk factors, e.g. PSA concentration, age, rectal examination, and the results of previous biopsies.4. The scientific evidence is insufficient to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of TMPRSS2:ERG and me-GSTP1 urine tests. Further studies are needed. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Early Detection of Prostate Cancer, An Issue of Urologic Clinics Stacy Loeb, 2014-05-28 PSA screening remains highly controversial due to several important disadvantages. More PSA is produced with prostatic enlargement and in other benign conditions such as urinary tract infections. False positive tests can then lead to unnecessary diagnostic workup with invasive prostate biopsy. Another major problem with screening programs in general is overdiagnosis of cancers that would not have caused harm during the patient's lifetime. For example, many prostate cancers have a relatively indolent behavior so may not require diagnosis or treatment in a patient with limited life expectancy. All forms of prostate cancer treatment have potential urinary and sexual side effects, so reducing overdiagnosis and overtreatment are critical public health issues. Because screening has many proven benefits but also significant harms, there are widely disparate guidelines on prostate cancer screening from major organizations worldwide. This issue of the Urologic Clinics will provide insights into the many different prostate cancer guidelines and related policy issues. |
| exodx prostate test reviews: Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) Testing in Asymptomatic Men National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), 2013 This Technical Report accompanies the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Evidence Evaluation Report on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in asymptomatic men. Section 1 of the Technical Report provides a comprehensive description of the methods that were used to systematically review the systematic reviews (Level I evidence) that assessed the effectiveness of using the PSA test for reducing mortality and morbidity due to prostate cancer in asymptomatic men. Section 2 of the Technical Report provides a description of the research questions and methodology that were used for the supplementary non-systematic literature review. |
Urine Test for Prostate Cancer | ExoDx Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test provides a risk assessment for finding clinically significant prostate cancer that otherwise relies on biopsy in men with an elevated PSA. Introducing the ExoDx …
ExoDx™ Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
What is the ExoDx™ Prostate Test? The ExoDx™ Prostate Test is a simple, non-DRE, urine-based, liquid biopsy test indicated for men 50 years of age and older with a prostate-specific antigen …
Exosome Based Liquid Biopsy for Prostate Cancer | ExosomeDx
A standalone, exosome-based prostate cancer test delivering a unique data point to help guide the prostate biopsy decision. The ExoDx Prostate Test is included in both the NCCN and AUA …
Patient FAQs | ExoDx Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment
Questions Related to the ExoDx Prostate Test What is the ExoDx Prostate Test? The ExoDx Prostate Test is a non-invasive, non-DRE, urine test used as a risk assessment tool to provide …
ExoDx™ Prostate Test: At-Home Collection Kit - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx™ Prostate Test is a simple, non-DRE, urine-based, liquid biopsy test indicated for men 50 years of age and older with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 2-10ng/mL, or PSA in the “gray …
Commonly Asked Questions | ExoDx Prostate Cancer Risk
Answers about the ExoDx Prostate Test non-invasive urine test for Prostate Cancer. Learn about sensitivity of the EPI test, biomarkers analyzed, and interpretation of results.
Taking Charge of Your Prostate Health - ExosomeDx
WHY CHOOSE THE EXODX PROSTATE TEST? ExoDx Prostate test is a non-invasive risk assessment for detecting high-grade prostate cancer that indicates if biopsy is needed. The …
For Patients: How to Order the ExoDx Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
If you are a patient working with your physician to assess prostate cancer risk, there are two ways to order the ExoDx Prostate Test: At-Home Collection or In-Office Collection.
The ExoDx Prostate Test (EPI) - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test is significantly more accurate than any individual clinical feature or combination of features. In both clinical validation studies, the ExoDx Prostate Test was …
ExoDx Prostate Test, also known as - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test, or EPI, is a simple, non-invasive urine test that can help you and your doctor determine the need for a prostate biopsy. EPI provides actionable information that aids …
Urine Test for Prostate Cancer | ExoDx Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test provides a risk assessment for finding clinically significant prostate cancer that otherwise relies on biopsy in men with an elevated PSA. Introducing the ExoDx …
ExoDx™ Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
What is the ExoDx™ Prostate Test? The ExoDx™ Prostate Test is a simple, non-DRE, urine-based, liquid biopsy test indicated for men 50 years of age and older with a prostate-specific …
Exosome Based Liquid Biopsy for Prostate Cancer | ExosomeDx
A standalone, exosome-based prostate cancer test delivering a unique data point to help guide the prostate biopsy decision. The ExoDx Prostate Test is included in both the NCCN and AUA …
Patient FAQs | ExoDx Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment - ExosomeDx
Questions Related to the ExoDx Prostate Test What is the ExoDx Prostate Test? The ExoDx Prostate Test is a non-invasive, non-DRE, urine test used as a risk assessment tool to provide …
ExoDx™ Prostate Test: At-Home Collection Kit - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx™ Prostate Test is a simple, non-DRE, urine-based, liquid biopsy test indicated for men 50 years of age and older with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 2-10ng/mL, or PSA in …
Commonly Asked Questions | ExoDx Prostate Cancer Risk
Answers about the ExoDx Prostate Test non-invasive urine test for Prostate Cancer. Learn about sensitivity of the EPI test, biomarkers analyzed, and interpretation of results.
Taking Charge of Your Prostate Health - ExosomeDx
WHY CHOOSE THE EXODX PROSTATE TEST? ExoDx Prostate test is a non-invasive risk assessment for detecting high-grade prostate cancer that indicates if biopsy is needed. The …
For Patients: How to Order the ExoDx Prostate Test - ExosomeDx
If you are a patient working with your physician to assess prostate cancer risk, there are two ways to order the ExoDx Prostate Test: At-Home Collection or In-Office Collection.
The ExoDx Prostate Test (EPI) - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test is significantly more accurate than any individual clinical feature or combination of features. In both clinical validation studies, the ExoDx Prostate Test was …
ExoDx Prostate Test, also known as - ExosomeDx
The ExoDx Prostate Test, or EPI, is a simple, non-invasive urine test that can help you and your doctor determine the need for a prostate biopsy. EPI provides actionable information that aids …
