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| em pretest: PreTest Emergency Medicine, Fifth Edition Ciara Barlcay-Buchanan, Adam J. Rosh, 2021-03-12 The trusted resource that asks the right questions so that you’ll will be equipped with the answers Emergency Medicine: PreTest® is the the perfect way to ensure that you are prepared for the Emergency Medicine shelf exam. Written by clerkship faculty and reviewed by students who know what it takes to pass, Emergency Medicine: PreTest® is perfect for clerkship exam review and the USMLE Step 2CK. You’ll find hundreds of high-yield questions, along with targeted answers explaining both correct and incorrect choices. This new edition has been heavily revised to reflect the latest information and practice, including a new chapter on professionalism, communication and ethics. 500 USMLE-style Q&A cover core topics on the clerkship exam Complete explanations explain each answer option Answer discussions highlight essential topics for high-yield review Tested and reviewed by students who know what it takes to pass |
| em pretest: Standards-based School Mathematics Curricula Sharon L. Senk, Denisse R. Thompson, 2020-07-24 The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics published by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics in 1989 set forth a broad vision of mathematical content and pedagogy for grades K-12 in the United States. These Standards prompted the development of Standards-based mathematics curricula. What features characterize Standards-based curricula? How well do such curricula work? To answer these questions, the editors invited researchers who had investigated the implementation of 12 different Standards-based mathematics curricula to describe the effects of these curricula on students' learning and achievement, and to provide evidence for any claims they made. In particular, authors were asked to identify content on which performance of students using Standards-based materials differed from that of students using more traditional materials, and content on which performance of these two groups of students was virtually identical. Additionally, four scholars not involved with the development of any of the materials were invited to write critical commentaries on the work reported in the other chapters. Section I of Standards-Based School Mathematics Curricula provides a historical background to place the current curriculum reform efforts in perspective, a summary of recent recommendations to reform school mathematics, and a discussion of issues that arise when conducting research on student outcomes. Sections II, III, and IV are devoted to research on mathematics curriculum projects for elementary, middle, and high schools, respectively. The final section is a commentary by Jeremy Kilpatrick, Regents Professor of Mathematics Education at the University of Georgia, on the research reported in this book. It provides a historical perspective on the use of research to guide mathematics curriculum reform in schools, and makes additional recommendations for further research. In addition to the references provided at the end of each chapter, other references about the Standards-based curriculum projects are provided at the end of the book. This volume is a valuable resource for all participants in discussions about school mathematics curricula--including professors and graduate students interested in mathematics education, curriculum development, program evaluation, or the history of education; educational policy makers; teachers; parents; principals and other school administrators. The editors hope that the large body of empirical evidence and the thoughtful discussion of educational values found in this book will enable readers to engage in informed civil discourse about the goals and methods of school mathematics curricula and related research. |
| em pretest: Native Outreach , 1999 |
| em pretest: Design in the Era of Industry 4.0, Volume 3 Amaresh Chakrabarti, Vishal Singh, 2023-07-24 This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 9th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2023) – the largest in India in this area – written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD’23 has been ‘Design in the Era of Industry 4.0’. Industry 4.0 signifies the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution was driven by the introduction of mechanical power such as steam and water engines to replace human and animal labour. The second industrial revolution involved introduction of electrical power and organised labour. The third industrial revolution was powered by introduction of industrial automation. The fourth industrial revolution involves introduction of a combination of technologies to enable connected intelligence and industrial autonomy. The introduction of Industry 4.0 dramatically changes the landscape of innovation, and the way design, the engine of innovation, is carried out. The theme of ICoRD’23 - ‘Design in the Era of Industry 4.0’ –explores how Industry 4.0 concepts and technologies influence the way design is conducted, and how methods, tools, and approaches for supporting design can take advantage of this transformational change that is sweeping across the world. The book is of interest to researchers, professionals, and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the new and emerging methods and tools for design of new products, systems, and services. |
| em pretest: Effectiveness of Nursing Strategies among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis T Nanthini, |
| em pretest: Public Program Evaluation Laura Langbein, 2014-12-18 This readable and comprehensive text is designed to equip students and practitioners with the statistical skills needed to meet government standards regarding public program evaluation. Even those with little statistical training will find the explanations clear, with many illustrative examples, case studies, and applications. Far more than a cookbook of statistical techniques, the book begins with chapters on the overall context for successful program evaluations, and carefully explains statistical methods--and threats to internal and statistical validity--that correspond to each evaluation design. Laura Langbein then presents a variety of methods for program analysis, and advise readers on how to select the mix of methods most appropriate for the issues they deal with-- always balancing methodology with the need for generality, the size of the evaluator's budget, the availability of data, and the need for quick results. |
| em pretest: Infrastructure Health in Civil Engineering Mohammed M. Ettouney, Sreenivas Alampalli, 2011-09-27 Continually increasing demands on infrastructures mean that maintenance and renewal require timely, appropriate action that maximizes benefits while minimizing cost. To be as well informed as possible, decision-makers must have an optimal understanding of an infrastructure’s condition—what it is now, and what it is expected to be in the future. Written by two highly respected engineers, the second volume, Infrastructure Health in Civil Engineering: Applications and Management, integrates the decision making concept into theoretical and practical issues. It covers: State-of-the-art practice and future directions Use of probability and statistics in areas including structural modeling Specific practical applications, including retrofitting and rehabilitation in response to earthquake damage, corrosion, fatigue, and bridge security Use of IHCE for management and maintenance of different types of structures using pre-stressed and reinforced concrete, and fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) Numerous practical case studies, as well as coverage of the latest techniques in the use of sensors for damage detection and load testing Built to correspond to the ideas presented in its companion volume, Theory and Components, this is an invaluable guide to optimized, cost-saving methods that will help readers meet safety specifications for new projects, as well as the aging infrastructure at great risk of failure. |
| em pretest: Research Anthology on Music Education in the Digital Era Management Association, Information Resources, 2022-02-11 Music is a vital piece of life that not only allows individuals a chance to express themselves, but also an opportunity for people and communities to come together. Music has evolved in recent years as society turns toward a digital era where content can be shared across the world at a rapid pace. Music education and how it is spread has a number of possibilities and opportunities in this new era as it has never been easier for people to access music and learn. Further study on the best practices of utilizing the digital age for music education is required to ensure its success. The Research Anthology on Music Education in the Digital Era discusses best practices and challenges in music education and considers how music has evolved throughout the years as society increasingly turns its attention to online learning. This comprehensive reference source also explores the implementation of music for learning in traditional classrooms. Covering a range of topics such as music integration, personalized education, music teacher training, and music composition, this reference work is ideal for scholars, researchers, practitioners, academicians, administrators, instructors, and students. |
| em pretest: Intelligent Web-Based English Instruction in Middle Schools Jia, Jiyou, 2014-10-31 The integration of technology into educational environments has become more prominent over the years. The combination of technology and face-to-face interaction with instructors allows for a thorough, more valuable educational experience. Intelligent Web-Based English Instruction in Middle Schools addresses the concerns associated with the use of computer-based systems in teaching English as a foreign language, proving the effectiveness and efficiency of technological integration in modern classrooms. Highlighting cases based on current practices in four diverse schools, this book is a vital reference source for practitioners and researchers interested in the educational benefits of educational technologies in language acquisition. |
| em pretest: Psychopharmacology Bulletin , 1998 |
| em pretest: Handbook of Research on Practices and Outcomes in E-Learning: Issues and Trends Yang, Harrison Hao, Yuen, Steve Chi-Yin, 2009-10-31 This book includes a selection of world-class chapters addressing current research, case studies, best practices, pedagogical approaches and strategies, related resources and projects related to e-learing--Provided by publisher. |
| em pretest: Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences Gregory J. Privitera, 2022-07-07 The Updated Third Edition has been fully revised for the seventh edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2020), both in the APA style sections within content and the references. The language within the text has been updated to be as inclusive as possible regarding all aspects of identity. The APA sections on style, paper preparation, and ethics have been updated and the text itself has been formatted in the 7th edition style to better reflect the latest style guidance. Both comprehensive and clear, Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences, Third Edition author Gregory J. Privitera employs a problem-focused approach to introduce research methods. A conversational writing tone speaks to learners directly, empowering students to view research methods as something they are capable of understanding and applying. Within each chapter, students draw conclusions by following the scientific process. To do enable this, Privitera fully integrates the research methods decision tree—from choosing a research design to choosing an appropriate statistic—to encourage students to select the most appropriate methodology for the research question they′re seeking to answer. Greg Privitera covers the full scope of methodologies from non-experimental to quasi-experimental to experimental in a straightforward, unbiased manner. |
| em pretest: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Werner Horn, Yuval Shahar, Greger Lindberg, Steen Andreassen, Jeremy Wyatt, 1999-06-09 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Joint European Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Medical Decision Making, AIMDM'99, held in Aalborg, Denmark, in June 1999. The 27 full papers and 19 short papers presented in the book together with four invited papers were selected from 90 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on guidelines and protocols; decision support systems, knowledge-based systems, and cooperative systems; model-based systems; neural nets and causal probabilistic networks; knowledge representation; temporal reasoning; machine learning; natural language processing; and image processing and computer aided design. |
| em pretest: Statistical Models in Behavioral Research William Kaye Estes, 1991 First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| em pretest: Basics in Nursing Research and Biostatistics Sreevani Rentala, 2018-10-30 PART A--NURSING RESEARCH Unit 1. Introduction to Nursing Research Unit 2. Research Process Unit 3. Research Problem and Hypothesis Unit 4. Review of Literature Unit 5. Theory and Conceptual Framework in Nursing Research Unit 6. Research Approaches and Designs Unit 7. Sample and Sampling Techniques Unit 8. Tools and Methods of Data Collection Unit 9. Plan for Data Analysis and Interpretation Unit 10. Dissemination (Communication) and Utilization of Research Findings PART B--BIOSTATISTICS Unit 11. Introduction to Biostatistics Unit 12. Measures of Central Tendency Unit 13. Measures of Variability Unit 14. Normal Probability Distribution Unit 15. Measures of Relationship Unit 16. Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing Unit 17. Application of Statistics in Health and Use of Computers for Data Analysis Glossary Appendices Index |
| em pretest: Principles of Research in Behavioral Science Bernard E. Whitley, Mary E. Kite, Heather L. Adams, 2013 Intended for beginning graduate or advanced undergraduate students, this book provides a comprehensive review of research methods used in psychology and related disciplines. It covers topics that are often omitted in other texts including correlational and qualitative research and integrative literature reviews. Basic principles are reviewed for those who need a refresher. The focus is on conceptual issues ¿ statistics are kept to a minimum. Featuring examples from all fields of psychology, the book addresses laboratory and field research. Chapters are written to be used independently, so instructors can pick and choose those that fit their course needs. Reorganized to parallel the steps of the research process, tips on writing reports are also provided. Each chapter features an outline, key terms, a summary, and questions and exercises that integrate chapter topics and put theory into practice. A glossary and an annotated list of readings are now included. Extensively updated throughout, the new edition features a new co-author, Mary Kite, and: ¿ New chapters on qualitative research and content analysis and another on integrative literature reviews including meta-analysis, critical techniques for today¿s research environment. ¿ A new chapter on exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis that addresses the use of path analysis and structural equation modeling. ¿ A new chapter on how to write a research report using APA style. ¿ Examples from cross-cultural and multi-cultural research, neuroscience, cognitive, and developmental psychology along with ones from social, industrial, and clinical psychology. ¿ More on Internet research and studies. ¿ Greatly expanded Part 3 on research designs with chapters on true experiments, field research, correlational and single-case designs, content analysis, and survey and qualitative research. ¿ A website with PowerPoint slides for each chapter, a test bank with short answer and multiple choice questions, additional teaching resources, and the tables and figures from the book for Instructor¿s and chapter outlines, suggested readings, and links to related web sites for students. Intended as a text for beginning graduate and/or advanced undergraduate courses in research methods or experimental methods or design taught in psychology, human development, family studies, education, or other social and behavioral sciences, a prerequisite of undergraduate statistics and a beginning research methods course is assumed. |
| em pretest: Youth, Health and Development in Diverse Cultures and Contexts Nora Wiium, Laura Ferrer-Wreder, Diego Gomez-Baya, Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo, Pablo A. Pérez-Díaz, Bin-Bin Chen, 2023-08-16 |
| em pretest: Emerging Practices in Scholarship of Learning and Teaching in a Digital Era Siu Cheung Kong, Tak Lam Wong, Min Yang, Cheuk Fai Chow, Ka Ho Tse, 2017-02-22 In this book, we put forward a holistic conceptual framework for implementing Scholarship of Learning and Teaching (SoLT) in higher education. Unlike previous SoLT studies, which usually focus on a specific aspect, here various aspects are integrated into a holistic framework. Further, it identifies three main stakeholders, namely, the higher education institution, teaching staff, and students. These stakeholders are in turn connected by four interlocking themes: staff professional development, enhancement of student learning experiences, assessment, and digital technologies. Presenting chapters that address these four themes, this book supports the advancement of SoLT in higher education in relation to existing theories and emerging practices. By helping academics and leaders in higher education to implement SoLT for the improvement of student learning and teaching practices, it also makes a valuable contribution to the field of teacher education. |
| em pretest: Encyclopedia of Research Design Neil J. Salkind, 2010-06-22 To request a free 30-day online trial to this product, visit www.sagepub.com/freetrial Research design can be daunting for all types of researchers. At its heart it might be described as a formalized approach toward problem solving, thinking, and acquiring knowledge—the success of which depends upon clearly defined objectives and appropriate choice of statistical tools, tests, and analysis to meet a project′s objectives. Comprising more than 500 entries, the Encyclopedia of Research Design explains how to make decisions about research design, undertake research projects in an ethical manner, interpret and draw valid inferences from data, and evaluate experiment design strategies and results. Two additional features carry this encyclopedia far above other works in the field: bibliographic entries devoted to significant articles in the history of research design and reviews of contemporary tools, such as software and statistical procedures, used to analyze results. Key Features Covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research Addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences Provides summaries of advantages and disadvantages of often-used strategies Uses hundreds of sample tables, figures, and equations based on real-life cases Key Themes Descriptive Statistics Distributions Graphical Displays of Data Hypothesis Testing Important Publications Inferential Statistics Item Response Theory Mathematical Concepts Measurement Concepts Organizations Publishing Qualitative Research Reliability of Scores Research Design Concepts Research Designs Research Ethics Research Process Research Validity Issues Sampling Scaling Software Applications Statistical Assumptions Statistical Concepts Statistical Procedures Statistical Tests Theories, Laws, and Principles Types of Variables Validity of Scores The Encyclopedia of Research Design is the perfect instrument for new learners as well as experienced researchers to explore both the original and newest branches of the field. |
| em pretest: The Process of Research in Psychology Dawn M. McBride, 2019-01-02 The Process of Research in Psychology employs the pedagogical approach of spaced repetition to present a student-friendly introduction to conducting research in psychology. Drawing on more than 17 years of teaching experience, best-selling author Dawn M. McBride covers topics with step-by-step explanations to help students understand the full process of designing, conducting, and presenting a research study. Early chapters introduce important concepts for developing research ideas, subject sampling, ethics, and data collection; more detailed coverage of these topics is included in More About chapters to provide instructors with flexibility in their teaching. Concepts and skills relevant to more than one stage of the research process are covered in multiple contexts, providing repeated exposure to the topics students often struggle with but that are the most important in gaining research skills. |
| em pretest: Percutaneous Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women Patrizia Presbitero, Julinda Mehilli, Anna Sonia Petronio, 2016-09-20 This book describes a wide range of interventional procedures currently employed in the treatment of cardiac diseases in women with the aim of enabling not only interventional cardiologists but also cardiologists and cardiac surgeons to refine their approach to female patients and thus improve outcomes. The book reflects the increasing awareness of gender differences with regard to coronary artery disease and structural valve heart disease. Examples include myocardial infarction, which carries a worse prognosis in women in part because they suffer from this disease mostly in the 7th decade of life, present more frequently with hemodynamic instability and later from symptom onset, and have fragile, small and tortuous coronary arteries that are more technically demanding in the context of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Another example is symptomatic aortic stenosis, which carries a better prognosis in women who undergo trans-catheter aortic valve implantation partially due to a better annulus-prosthesis match, which leads to less residual paravalvular regurgitation, better left ventricular function and lower aggregation of comorbidities. Further, in women left ventricular response to aortic stenosis is typified by muscle hypertrophy with a small ventricular cavity. These differences are reflected in the clinical manifestations and their impact on diagnosis, treatment, and choice of tools and devices for use in interventional procedures. By explaining the at times subtle variances in disease and treatment techniques for female and male patients, this book will help practitioners select the most appropriate procedures and materials in a range of settings. |
| em pretest: Students’ Understanding of Research Methodology in the Context of Dynamics of Scientific Progress Mansoor Niaz, Mayra Rivas, 2016-04-20 This book discusses how to improve high school students’ understanding of research methodology based on alternative interpretations of data, role of controversies, creativity and the scientific method, in the context of the oil drop experiment. These aspects form an important part of the nature of science (NOS). The study reported in this volume is is based on a reflective, explicit and activity-based approach to teaching nature of science (NOS) that can facilitate high school students’ understanding of how scientists elaborate theoretical frameworks, design experiments, report data that leads to controversies and finally with the collaboration of the scientific community a consensus is reached. Most students changed their perspective and drew concept maps in which they emphasized the creative, accumulative, controversial nature of science and the scientific method. |
| em pretest: Physical Education, Health and Education Innovation Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Noelia Belando Pedreño, Manuel Gómez-López , Paulo Jorge Martins, David Manzano Sánchez, 2024-10-10 Today's society demands to train children and adolescents who develop in an environment based on respect and the promotion of educational values. This aspect is especially relevant to promoting physical activity and its relationship with healthy habits, such as the consumption of unprocessed foods, the reduction of a sedentary lifestyle and the improvement of adherence to sports. In this sense, the World Health Organization warns that the current rates of overweight and obesity are very high and that we must combat them. From formal education, you can help improve healthy habits with educational programs and especially in Physical Education, a subject where the work of physical, social and cognitive well-being has special relevance. Since the 20th century, studies and research that have aimed to combat unhealthy habits in educational centres and sports schools have increased. Not only by promoting physical activity within the school, but above all by seeking to generate adherence towards the future of students and athletes. |
| em pretest: Census of Agriculture, 1969 , 1974 |
| em pretest: 1969 Census of Agriculture , 1973 |
| em pretest: Vital and Health Statistics National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), 1977 |
| em pretest: The Smartphone as a Product of the Cognitive Niche Dorothea Cosima Adler, 2024-10-02 This book explores sex differences in Mobile Instant Messaging through an evolutionary psychological lens, with a particular focus on the use and perception of text and voice messages in same-sex friendships. Not only are these differences examined from an evolutionary standpoint but also smartphones are considered as a product of evolution. By further integrating media psychological theories, Dorothea C. Adler provides an innovative perspective on sex differences in voice and text message use and perception within same-sex friendships. A total of five studies address these aspects both from the sender's as well as receiver's perspective. Altogether, this work not only presents an evolutionary theoretical foundation for understanding sex differences in Mobile Instant Messenger communication among same-sex friends, but also offers an innovative approach for further evolutionary media psychological research. |
| em pretest: Towards a Science of Complex Experiences Alice Chirico, Andrea Gaggioli, Phoebe C. Ellsworth, 2022-08-03 |
| em pretest: Design and Operation of the National Asthma Survey , 2008 |
| em pretest: 1969 Census of Agriculture United States. Bureau of the Census, 1972 |
| em pretest: Exploring Cross-linguistic Effects and Phonetic Interactions in the Context of Bilingualism Mark Amengual, 2021-07-21 This Special Issue includes fifteen original state-of-the-art research articles from leading scholars that examine cross-linguistic influence in bilingual speech. These experimental studies contribute to the growing number of studies on multilingual phonetics and phonology by introducing novel empirical data collection techniques, sophisticated methodologies, and acoustic analyses, while also presenting findings that provide robust theoretical implications to a variety of subfields, such as L2 acquisition, L3 acquisition, laboratory phonology, acoustic phonetics, psycholinguistics, sociophonetics, blingualism, and language contact. These studies in this book further elucidate the nature of phonetic interactions in the context of bilingualism and multilingualism and outline future directions in multilingual phonetics and phonology research. |
| em pretest: THE POWER OF VISUAL AUDITORY KINESTHETIC LEARNING STYLES IN TEACHING WRITING Lista Litta, S.Pd., M.Pd., Buku The Power of Visual Auditory Kinesthetic Learning Styles in Teaching Writing’ adalah sebuah buku monograf yang memberikan penggambaran serta pemahaman mengenai cara meningkatkan keterampilan menulis dengan menggunakan tiga gaya belajar sekaligus. Penggabungan gaya belajar Visual, Auditori, dan Kinestetik dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis, khususnya menulis Descriptive Essay, terbukti sangat efektif. Dengan kata lain, penggabungan Gaya Belajar VAK dapat memberikan power bagi siswa dalam meningkatkan writing skill. Melalui buku ini, penulis memaparkan secara detail mengenai penerapan VAK Learning Styles dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis yang juga telah dilengkapi dengan hasil penelitian dalam bentuk tabel deskriptif yang dapat dengan mudah dipahami. Selain itu, bahasa yang digunakan dalam buku ini juga sederhana dan komunikatif sehingga memudahkan pembaca untuk memahami isi buku secara menyeluruh. Buku ini layak dijadiakan sebagai referensi. |
| em pretest: Family Medicine Doug Knutson, 2007-09-12 The closest you can get to seeing the test before you take it! PreTest Family Medicine is the best question-and-answer review for family medicine questions on the USMLE Step 2 and shelf exams. You will find 500 board-format questions, complete with explanations of both correct and incorrect answers. All questions have been student-tested and reviewed to ensure they truly reflect the exam experience. This high-yield resource is written by an Assistant Professor of Family Medicine who has won excellence in teaching awards every year for the past five years and truly targets what you really need to know. |
| em pretest: Empirical Political Analysis Richard C. Rich, Craig Leonard Brians, Jarol B. Manheim, Lars Willnat, 2018-06-05 Empirical Political Analysis introduces readers to the foundations of social science research. Organized around the stages of the research process, this textbook prepares readers to conduct both quantitative and qualitative research, from the formulation of theory through the design of research projects, to the collection of data and the analysis of results. It offers a clear and concise presentation of basic concepts and tools that can be applied in a wide range of research settings, and highlights ethical conduct in the research process. It will help you both to achieve sound results in your own research and to critically evaluate research presented by others. Key Features: Offers comprehensive coverage of quantitative and qualitative research methods in political science – this book is one of the key texts in the field of political research methods since it first published over 25 years ago. Covers the research process from start to finish—hypothesis formation, literature review, research design, data gathering, data analysis, and research report writing. Includes in-depth examples of political science research to give discipline-specific instruction on political analysis. Features a Practical Research Ethics box in every chapter to make students aware of common ethical dilemmas and potential solutions to them. Includes learning goals, key terms, and research examples to help students engage and explore the most important concepts New to this edition Updated and international case studies New material on understanding research design – what constitutes a sound research design, and how this contributes to being able to justify research findings New Companion Website material, including both quantitative and qualitative data analysis exercises |
| em pretest: Rational Approaches in Language Science Matthew W. Crocker, Gerhard Jäger, Gina Kuperberg, Hannah Rohde, Elke Teich, Rory Turnbull, 2022-03-25 |
| em pretest: Current Perspectives on the Value, Teaching, Learning, and Assessment of Design in STEM Education Jeffrey Buckley, Eva Hartell, Nicolaas Blom, 2023-08-25 Design is a central activity within Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. Within enacted practice, design can feature within intended learning outcomes, for example in learning to design, and it can feature within pedagogical methodologies, for example by learning through design. Often holding differing disciplinary interpretations such as design as cyclical problem solving, iterative design, conceptual design, or design with or without make, understanding the educational merits of the ill-defined and open nature of authentic designerly activity is paramount. This Research Topic sets out to gain a more nuanced understanding of the value and role(s) of design within STEM educational contexts. This Research Topic focuses on design within STEM educational contexts, particularly in terms of teaching, learning, and assessment. The aim is to contribute to the evidential basis which can be used to guide the incorporation of design into educational practice. The topic has two central research objectives. The first is to generate evidence regarding what design is in STEM education. For example, is the ability to design a singular or manifold construct? Is the capacity to design, or are factors of this ability, both learnable and teachable? How transferable is designerly knowledge between contexts? How do different disciplinary contexts influence the interpretation of design? The second is to further our understanding of how best to incorporate design within STEM education contexts. For example, how much emphasis should be placed on learning to or through design in school? How should design be assessed within formal education? Where and when is design best incorporated into education? In posing these questions, the goal of this research topic is to provide scholarly discourse which supports critical reflection and the challenging of assumptions regarding design in education. |
| em pretest: Valuing Oil Spill Prevention Richard T. Carson, Michael B. Conaway, W. Michael Hanemann, Jon A. Krosnick, Robert C. Mitchell, Stanley Presser, 2013-11-09 On April 22-23, 1988, approximately 432,000 gallons of San Joaquin Valley crude oil spilled from an aboveground storage tank at a Shell Oil Company refinery into the surrounding environment, including the northern reaches of San Francisco Bay (the Martinez spill). Pursuant to the settlement of the resulting litigation (United States/California v. Shell Oil Co., No. C89-4220, (N.D. Cal1990)), Shell Oil Company provided funding for, among other things, studies to improve future response strategies to oil spills and ensure better restoration of resources and services affected by such spills. The California Oil Spill Contingent Valuation Study was one of the studies funded by the settlement. The purpose of the California Oil Spill (COS) Contingent Valuation (CV) Study was to execute and document a contingent valuation study of natural resource damages associated with offshore, coastal, or estuarine oil spills in California (State of California, Department of Justice, Contract Number 89-2126). The COS CV study developed an estimate of per household ex ante economic value for a program to prevent a specified set of natural resource injuries to those species of birds and intertidal life that are consistently affected by oil spills along California's Central Coast. The principal investigators on the COS study team were Richard T. Carson of the University of California, San Diego, and W. Michael Hanemann of the University of California, Berkeley. The study's project manager was Kerry M. |
| em pretest: Critical Thinking for Helping Professionals Eileen Gambrill, Leonard Gibbs, 2009-03-25 Critical thinking values, knowledge, and skills are integral to evidence-based practice in the helping professions. Practitioners must be able to think clearly, on a daily basis, about decisions that may change their clients' lives. Critical Thinking for Helping Professionals, 3rd Edition, is designed to engage readers as active participants in honing their critical thinking skills, mastering a coherent decision-making process, and integrating the evidence-based practice process into their work with clients. In this interactive skills-based workbook, 37 hands-on exercises offer rich opportunities for students in professional education programs to learn how to make informed decisions. Unique material exploring the use of propaganda in advertising and discussing the research on judgment and problem solving highlight the connection between critical thinking and evidence-based practice. For students in social work, nursing, counseling, and psychology, this new edition of a unique workbook is a fun and thought-provoking way to sharpen and maximize their decision-making skills so that they can provide their clients with the best care possible. * Fun, interactive exercises emphasize learning by doing * Integrates research and practice, practice and policy, and critical thinking and evidence-based practice * Helps readers to recognize how to recognize propaganda, avoid pitfalls in decision making, critically appraise research, and improve their practice * Ideal for graduate and undergraduate courses in research and practice |
| em pretest: Handbook for Conducting Research on Human Sexuality Michael W. Wiederman, Bernard E. Whitley, Jr., 2012-12-06 Human sexuality researchers often find themselves faced with questions that entail conceptual, methodological, or ethical issues for which their professional training or prior experience may not have prepared them. The goal of this handbook is to provide that guidance to students and professionals interested in the empirical study of human sexuality from behavioral and social scientific perspectives. It provides practical and concrete advice about conducting human sexuality research and addresses issues inherent to both general social scientific and specific human sexuality research. This comprehensive resource offers a unique multidisciplinary examination of the specific methodological issues inherent in conducting human sexuality research. The methodological techniques and advances that are familiar to researchers trained in one discipline are often unfamiliar to researchers from other disciplines. This book is intended to help enrich the communication between the various disciplines involved in human sexuality research. Each of the 21 self-standing chapters provides an expert overview of a particular area of research methodology from a variety of academic disciplines. It addresses those issues unique to human sexuality research, such as: * how to measure sexuality variables; * how to design studies, recruit participants, and collect data; * how to consider cultural and ethical issues; and * how to perform and interpret statistical analyses. This book is intended as a reference tool for researchers and students interested in human sexuality from a variety of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, family science, health communication, nursing, medicine, and anthropology. |
| em pretest: Caregiving and Social Support in the Context of Health and Illness Sabrina Cipolletta, Noa Vilchinsky, Val Morrison, 2021-02-09 |
html - what is the benefit of vs ? - Stack Overflow
em has the purpose of giving emphasis to the content. In practice emphasised content is typically displayed italicised, so the difference on the face of it is non-existing from a presentation …
What is the difference between and tags?
Sep 4, 2021 · Yeah, the definition of what ‘strong emphasis’ is compared to just ‘emphasis’ is pretty woolly. The only standard definition would be “it's emphasised, but more!!”.
What's the difference between and , and ?
Nov 7, 2008 · strong or em means you want the text to be rendered in a way that the user understands as "important". The default is to render strong as bold and em as italics, but some …
Evaluation and Management Coding, E/M Codes - AAPC
MDM for E/M Coding. There are four types of MDM for E/M coding: straightforward, low, moderate, and high. The MDM concept does not apply to office or other outpatient visit code …
E/M Calculator - Codify by AAPC
Use the E/M Calculator from the experts at Codify. Check CMS Documentation Guidelines, Time-Based Coding, and get on the fast track to E/M level accuracy.
E/M coding for outpatient services - AAPC
Note: The article below was posted in 2020 and applies to coding for 2020 dates of service. For information about coding office and other outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) …
What is the em font-size unit? How much is it in pixels?
Dec 14, 2021 · The 'em' unit is equal to the computed value of the 'font-size' property of the element on which it is used. The exception is when 'em' occurs in the value of the 'font-size' …
html - How is an em calculated? - Stack Overflow
The 'em' is a very useful unit in CSS, since it can adapt automatically to the font that the reader uses An EM is relative to the current element it is defined on. If you use relative sizes (like …
Does it matter in or in ?
Feb 4, 2010 · EM: Indicates emphasis. STRONG: Indicates stronger emphasis. Source. The presentation of phrase elements depends on the user agent. Generally, visual user agents …
How to connect localhost:5500/em after the first installation?
First of all: verify that the listener is started by executing the lsnrctl status command. You should find line regarding your EM Express tcp port. Log in to SQL*Plus as the SYSDBA user and …
html - what is the benefit of vs ? - Stack Overflow
em has the purpose of giving emphasis to the content. In practice emphasised content is typically displayed italicised, so the difference on the face of it is non-existing from a presentation …
What is the difference between and tags?
Sep 4, 2021 · Yeah, the definition of what ‘strong emphasis’ is compared to just ‘emphasis’ is pretty woolly. The only standard definition would be “it's emphasised, but more!!”.
What's the difference between and , and ?
Nov 7, 2008 · strong or em means you want the text to be rendered in a way that the user understands as "important". The default is to render strong as bold and em as italics, but some …
Evaluation and Management Coding, E/M Codes - AAPC
MDM for E/M Coding. There are four types of MDM for E/M coding: straightforward, low, moderate, and high. The MDM concept does not apply to office or other outpatient visit code …
E/M Calculator - Codify by AAPC
Use the E/M Calculator from the experts at Codify. Check CMS Documentation Guidelines, Time-Based Coding, and get on the fast track to E/M level accuracy.
E/M coding for outpatient services - AAPC
Note: The article below was posted in 2020 and applies to coding for 2020 dates of service. For information about coding office and other outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) …
What is the em font-size unit? How much is it in pixels?
Dec 14, 2021 · The 'em' unit is equal to the computed value of the 'font-size' property of the element on which it is used. The exception is when 'em' occurs in the value of the 'font-size' …
html - How is an em calculated? - Stack Overflow
The 'em' is a very useful unit in CSS, since it can adapt automatically to the font that the reader uses An EM is relative to the current element it is defined on. If you use relative sizes (like …
Does it matter in or in ?
Feb 4, 2010 · EM: Indicates emphasis. STRONG: Indicates stronger emphasis. Source. The presentation of phrase elements depends on the user agent. Generally, visual user agents …
How to connect localhost:5500/em after the first installation?
First of all: verify that the listener is started by executing the lsnrctl status command. You should find line regarding your EM Express tcp port. Log in to SQL*Plus as the SYSDBA user and …
